Membrane cation transporting. Medical search. Frequent questions

These ancillary proteins stimulate transport activity about 10-fold. (wikipedia.org)
The identification of these proteins as members of the CPA2 family reveals that monovalent cation transport is required for Bacillus spore formation and germination. (wikipedia.org)
Transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins are cation-selective channels that function in processes as diverse as sensation and vasoregulation. (nih.gov)
ATP13A3 is a member of the P-type ATPase family of proteins that transport a variety of cations across membranes. (nih.gov)
To solve this problem, the cell membrane contains proteins that are selective for unique, water soluble molecules. (wikibooks.org)
The transport may be active transport by carrier proteins with an energy source, or it may be facilitated diffusion or passive transport via channels. (wikibooks.org)
1992). These oxygen free radicals can modify DNA, proteins and membrane lipids, leading to cellular degeneration (Olanow, 1992). (scialert.net)
In particular, human organic cation transporter 2 (hOCT2) and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins 1 and 2-K (hMATE1/2-K) likely mediate renal secretion of mIBG, whereas hOCT1 and hOCT3 may contribute to mIBG uptake into normal tissues such as the liver, salivary glands, and heart. (aspetjournals.org)
Norepinephrine transporter, organic cation transporters, and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins play differential roles in tumor targeting, systemic elimination, and accumulation in normal tissues. (aspetjournals.org)
These proteins harness the sodium ion gradient to transport bile acids across the plasma membranes of enterocytes of the terminal ileum and hepatocytes, respectively. (elifesciences.org)
Oppositely oriented Glt Tk proteins showed the same transport kinetics, consistent with the use of an identical gating element on both sides of the membrane. (nature.com)
Cation Transport Proteins" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (wakehealth.edu)
Membrane proteins whose primary function is to facilitate the transport of positively charged molecules (cations) across a biological membrane. (wakehealth.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Cation Transport Proteins" by people in this website by year, and whether "Cation Transport Proteins" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (wakehealth.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Cation Transport Proteins" by people in Profiles. (wakehealth.edu)
Transport from late endosomes to lysosomes, but not sorting of integral membrane proteins in endosomes, depends on the vacuolar proton pump. (rupress.org)
Endocytosed proteins are sorted in early endosomes to be recycled to the plasma membrane or transported further into the degradative pathway. (rupress.org)
Prior studies in our laboratory examined the localization and developmental changes of DMT1 in rat cochlea and since the two Zip proteins are also likely to contribute to the transport of essential and non-essential divalent cations, we performed immunolabeling experiments in postnatal day three rat pups and adult rats. (cdc.gov)
[ 6 ] Cation-Cl cotransporters are transmembrane proteins that include thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl co-transporter, loop diuretic-sensitive Na-K-2Cl co-transporters, and K-Cl co-transporters. (medscape.com)
[ 7 ] "These membrane proteins are involved in several physiological activities including transepithelial ion absorption and secretion, cell volume regulation, and setting intracellular Cl concentration below or above its electrochemical potential equilibrium. (medscape.com)
In the following, we refer to pump of halophilic archaebacteria, has become the these as the extracellular (EC) channel and the paradigm of membrane proteins in general and ion cytoplasmic (CP) channel. (lu.se)

Na+/K+ -ATPase is an integral membrane protein responsible for establishing and maintaining the electrochemical gradients of Na and K ions across the plasma membrane. (thermofisher.com)
the E-value for the Cation_ATPase_C domain shown below is 2.5e-48. (embl.de)
Some transmembrane ATPases also work in reverse, harnessing the energy from a proton gradient, using the flux of ions across the membrane via the ATPase proton channel to drive the synthesis of ATP. (embl.de)
It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. (bvsalud.org)

The present study was aimed to evaluate the oxidants, enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, glycoproteins and membrane adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases). (scialert.net)
Hence, the present study was designed to examine the effect of T. chebula on erythrocyte oxidation products level, antioxidant status, membrane ATPases and glycoproteins in aged rats compared with young rats. (scialert.net)
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a family of P-type cation-transporting ATPases. (nih.gov)
P-ATPases function to transport a variety of different compounds, including ions and phospholipids, across a membrane using ATP hydrolysis for energy. (embl.de)
Transmembrane ATPases are membrane-bound enzyme complexes/ion transporters that use ATP hydrolysis to drive the transport of protons across a membrane. (embl.de)
F-ATPases (ATP synthases, F1F0-ATPases), which are found in mitochondria, chloroplasts and bacterial plasma membranes where they are the prime producers of ATP, using the proton gradient generated by oxidative phosphorylation (mitochondria) or photosynthesis (chloroplasts). (embl.de)
P-ATPases (E1E2-ATPases), which are found in bacteria and in eukaryotic plasma membranes and organelles, and function to transport a variety of different ions across membranes. (embl.de)

The membranes show the capability to recognize monovalent/divalent cations, achieving excellent K + /Mg 2+ selectivity of 121.2 using mixed salt solution as the feed, which outperforms other reported membranes under similar testing conditions and transcends the current upper limit. (nature.com)
It acts as a transport carrier of divalent cations, helping the cations across solvent barriers. (agscientific.com)
The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems. (bvsalud.org)

The Monovalent Cation:Proton Antiporter-2 (CPA2) Family (TC# 2.A.37) is a moderately large family of transporters belonging to the CPA superfamily. (wikipedia.org)
Transporters on the plasma membrane of tumor cells are promising molecular "Trojan horses" to deliver drugs and imaging agents into cancer cells. (aspetjournals.org)
Emerging evidences suggest that the polyspecific organic cation transporters play important roles in systemic disposition and tissue-specific uptake of mIBG. (aspetjournals.org)
Emerging evidences suggest that the polyspecific organic cation transporters are the major transporters driving the systemic elimination and tissue-specific disposition of mIBG in normal organs. (aspetjournals.org)
These transporters, many of which are sodium-coupled, have been shown to use an elevator mechanism of transport, but exactly how substrate binding is coupled to sodium ion binding and transport is not clear. (elifesciences.org)
Moreover, [ 3 H]nicotine uptake was strongly inhibited in the presence of cationic drugs, such as pyrilamine, whereas only weak inhibitory effects were shown by substrates of typical organic cation transporters, such as tetraethylammonium, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, choline, and l -carnitine. (aspetjournals.org)
It is well-established that the secondary active transporters Glt Tk and Glt Ph catalyze coupled uptake of aspartate and three sodium ions, but insight in the kinetic mechanism of transport is fragmentary. (nature.com)
To overcome the complication that purified transporters may adopt right-side-out or inside-out membrane orientations upon reconstitution, thereby confounding the kinetic analysis, we employed a rapid method using synthetic nanobodies to inactivate one population. (nature.com)
The chelated complexes of Fe(III)-PS are subsequently transported into the roots through Yellow Stripe (YS)/Yellow Stripe-like (YSL) family transporters, named for YS1 of maize [23, 24]. (woofahs.com)
In the same study, two other rice MFS members, ENA1 and ENA2, were identified as NA transporters by their ability to transport 14C-labeled NA, but not 14C-labeled deoxymugineic acid [27]. (woofahs.com)
SLC22A5 mutations can affect carnitine transport by impairing maturation of transporters to the plasma membrane. (medscape.com)

rather it specifically perturbs endosome-to-trans Golgi network (TGN) transport of the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR). (nih.gov)
We studied the role of endosomes acidification on the endocytic trafficking of the transferrin receptor (TfR) as a representative for the recycling pathway, the cation-dependent mannose 6-phosphate receptor (MPR) as a prototype for transport to late endosomes, and fluid-phase endocytosed HRP as a marker for transport to lysosomes. (rupress.org)

In this study, commercially available cation- and anion-exchange membranes were investigated by coupling in situ ambient pressure hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with finite element analysis. (eurekalert.org)
As the solvent of the DN gels, AAILs composed of phosphonium type cation and prolinate anion were used because of their excellent CO 2 transport properties [4]. (confex.com)

The transport domains are mobile and move through the lipid bilayer (alike an elevator) when translocating the amino acid substrate and co-transported ions across the membrane 13 . (nature.com)

Herein, inspired by K + channel of streptomyces A (KcsA K + ), we have constructed cation sieving membranes using MXene nanosheets and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) molecules as building blocks. (nature.com)
Numerous negatively charged oxygen atoms of EDTA molecules and 6.0 Å two-dimensional (2D) sub-nanochannel of MXene nanosheets enable biomimetic channel size, chemical groups and tunable charge density for the resulting membranes. (nature.com)
Inspired by KcsA K + channel with size of ~5.6 Å and homogenous distribution of carbonyl oxygens, herein, MXene nanosheets and EDTA molecules are used as building blocks to construct artificial ion channel membranes with the right channel size, similar binding sites, and tunable charge density (Fig. 1a ). (nature.com)
There exists an exchange of molecules and ions in and out of the cell wall, as well as in and out of membrane-bounded intracellular compartments such as the nucleus, ER, and mitrochondria. (wikibooks.org)
The lipid bilayer of cell membranes is impermeable to large and polar molecules but permeable to water molecules and other small uncharged molecules like O 2 and CO 2 . (wikibooks.org)
Understanding free energy is the heart of understanding how molecules are transported and/or behave in a concentration gradient. (wikibooks.org)
When ΔG is positive the transport is active, an input of energy is needed to move a molecule up a concentration gradient, contrary to ΔG being negative the transport is passive, which means that such molecules will pass through a membrane down their own gradient, simple diffusion. (wikibooks.org)
Diffusion is the process by which molecules migrate over the cell membrane from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration. (wikibooks.org)
The bile acid sodium symporter (BASS) family transports a wide array of molecules across membranes, including bile acids in humans, and small metabolites in plants. (elifesciences.org)
These gradients are essential for osmoregulation, for sodium-coupled transport of a variety of organic and inorganic molecules, and for electrical excitability of nerve and muscle. (thermofisher.com)
While the locations and inferred H-bond connec- water molecules in a membrane protein, despite tivities of these internal water molecules are essen- being deeply buried and extensively H-bonded to tial, one would also like to quantify their mobility. (lu.se)

Selective separation of monovalent cations from complex mixtures is an industrially relevant procedure necessary for the recovery of many commodity materials, such as lithium from salt brines. (aps.org)
In this work, we assess how incorporating crown ethers, which form host-guest complexes with monovalent cations, into poly(norbornene) networks impacts the selective partitioning and diffusion of alkali cations. (aps.org)
In agreement with the prediction, the specificity of system y + L was altered by the monovalent cations. (uandes.cl)
The results suggest that the monovalent cations stabilize different carrier conformations. (uandes.cl)

In addition, intracellular acidification caused an increase in [ 3 H]nicotine uptake, suggesting that the influx transport of nicotine is driven by an oppositely directed H + gradient in hepatocytes. (aspetjournals.org)
The extent of the elevator-like movement of the transport domain is so large (~20 Å in Glt Tk ) that HP2 acts as a gating element both on the extracellular and the intracellular side of the membrane. (nature.com)
The potassium ion is the principal intracellular cation of most body tissues. (drugs.com)

Biological ion channels are protein-based pores capable of regulating ion transport in living cells in response to external stimuli, leading to the ultra-selective transmembrane move of specific ions (e.g. (nature.com)

Membranes with high ion permeability and selectivity are of considerable interest for sustainable water treatment, resource extraction and energy storage. (nature.com)
The availability of free energy is one of the factors that determine if a molecule will move across a membrane, the other being the permeability of the molecule in the lipid bilayer. (wikibooks.org)
The AAILs-based gel membranes as well as supported ionic liquid membranes previously developed in our group exhibited good CO 2 permeability and CO 2 /N 2 selectivity, but the poor stability under pressurized conditions is a major obstacle to their practical application [1,2]. (confex.com)
Here we present a new class of AAILs-based ion gel membranes with not only superior CO 2 permeability and CO 2 /N 2 selectivity but also excellent stability under pressurized conditions. (confex.com)
According to the CO 2 permeation performances of the AAIL-based DN gel membranes, the DN gels membrane with 85 wt% of AAILs showed remarkable CO 2 permeability of more than 5000 barrer and high CO 2 /N 2 selectivity of more than 170 (at 373 K and CO 2 partial pressure 10 kPa). (confex.com)

In this study, the blood-to-liver transport of nicotine was investigated by means of an in vivo portal vein injection technique in rats, and the in vitro uptake by freshly isolated rat hepatocytes was used to clarify its mechanism. (aspetjournals.org)
SLC7A5, complexed with SLC3A2 in the plasma membrane, mediates the uptake of neutral amino acids. (reactome.org)
Metal accumulation is regulated in part by the functionality and affinity of these metals for the different transport systems responsible for uptake across the blood-cochlea barrier and their subsequent uptake into the different cells within the inner ear. (cdc.gov)

CNG channels are openings in the cell membrane that transport positively charged atoms (cations) into cells. (medlineplus.gov)

Water will move from an area with a higher concentration of water to the other side of the membrane with a lower concentration of water. (wikibooks.org)

The calcium channel blockers inhibit movement of calcium ions across the cell membrane, depressing both impulse formation (automaticity) and conduction velocity. (medscape.com)
It is used to study calcium transport across the plasma membrane. (agscientific.com)

Other members of the YSL family transport metal-NA complexes in VX-770 (Ivacaftor) both grasses and non-grasses. (woofahs.com)

The pattern of inhibition and ion dependence is suggestive of an H + /organic cation antiporter-mediated nicotine transport system. (aspetjournals.org)
In secondary carnitine deficiency, which is caused by other metabolic disorders (eg, fatty acid oxidation disorders, organic acidemias), carnitine depletion may be secondary to the formation of acylcarnitine adducts and the inhibition of carnitine transport in renal cells by acylcarnitines. (medscape.com)

Characterization and simulations indicate that the cation recognition effect of EDTA and partial dehydration effects play critical roles in cations selective sieving and increasing the local charge density within the sub-nanochannel significantly improves cation selectivity. (nature.com)
Moreover, the transport and separation mechanisms of ions within sub-nanochannels modulated by local charge density remains elusive and an effective strategy to fabricate high-efficiency mono-/divalent ions selective membranes is yet to be developed. (nature.com)
Amino acid ionic liquids (AAILs)-based membranes have been recognized as an attractive alternative to conventional facilitated transport membranes (FTMs) due to unique properties of AAILs, such as the high CO 2 absorption capacity, selective reactivity with CO 2 , negligible vapor pressure, high thermal stability, and tunable chemical structure. (confex.com)
SB 334867 Differential level of sensitivity of extremely Na+ selective route (HSC) and non-selective cation route (NSC) activity to amiloride in cell-attached areas from H441 cell monolayers. (sciencepop.org)

The developed AAIL-based gel membranes consisted of two specific independent interpenetrating polymer networks, so-called doubel-network (DN) [3]. (confex.com)

Structural and biochemical analysis of a bacterial homolog, ASTBnm, in complex with its native substrate (not bile acids, but a vitamin A precursor, pantoate) show a new binding site that is consistent with classical proposals for elevator-type transport mechanisms. (elifesciences.org)
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations highlight the improved stability for the substrate in the active site when ions are present, suggesting a binding order during the transport cycle. (elifesciences.org)
During movement of the transport domain, the substrate-binding site is occluded from the solvent and shielded by the tips of two pseudo-symmetrical helical hairpins (HP1 and HP2). (nature.com)
The latter hairpin is a gating element that can hinge between a closed position (taken during elevator movements) and an open position (allowing loading or release of the substrate and co-transported ions). (nature.com)

Transport of fluid-phase endocytosed HRP to late endosomes and lysosomes was measured using cell fractionation and immunogold electron microscopy. (rupress.org)
Fe is an essential cofactor in metabolic processes such as the respiratory electron transport chain. (woofahs.com)

Unfortunately, most conventional membranes lack selectivity between monovalent ions, rendering their use in such applications infeasible. (aps.org)
One approach to overcoming selectivity limitations is to incorporate ligands into membranes which specifically interact with target cations in an aqueous environment. (aps.org)
In the present stage, the AAIL-based DN gel membrane with the thinnest thickness (58 m m) showed the CO 2 permeance of ca. 120 GPU and CO 2 /N 2 selectivity of ca. 100 under the conditions of T = 373 K and 10 kPa of the CO 2 partial pressure. (confex.com)

It has also been demonstrated that the change in the hydration structure of transition metal cations during oxidation or reduction processes significantly influences the electrochemical properties. (cecam.org)
For the case of a 12-Crown-4-functionalized membrane, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations reveal a strong coupling between cation hydration and their sorption and diffusion in the membrane. (aps.org)
More specifically, we observe that alkali cation complexation tends to increase with decreasing cation hydration free energy. (aps.org)

Kef channels are regulated by potassium transport and NAD-binding (KTN) domains that sense both reduced glutathione, which inhibits Kef activity, and glutathione adducts that form during electrophile detoxification and activate Kef. (wikipedia.org)
In cones, CNG channels remain open under dark conditions, allowing cations to flow in. (medlineplus.gov)
When light enters the eye, it triggers the closure of these channels, stopping the inward flow of cations. (medlineplus.gov)
Researchers speculate that some defective channels allow a huge influx of cations into cones, which ultimately causes these cells to self-destruct (undergo apoptosis). (medlineplus.gov)

This enzyme is a proton pump that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of H(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. (nih.gov)

For example transition metal cations have been shown lately to have a variety of environments, even with a full shell d10 electronic configuration like coinage metals, Hg(II) etc. (cecam.org)

Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane. (wikibooks.org)
The findings show that ion transport/rejection across the membrane is due to diffusion mediated by the ionized functional groups present in the membranes, rather than electromigration. (eurekalert.org)
From the trend of the CO 2 and N 2 permeabilities of the DN gel membranes at different CO 2 partial pressures, we confirmed that the permeation mechanism of CO 2 and N 2 were facilitated transport and solution-diffusion mechanisms, respectively. (confex.com)
From the obtained results, it was found that CO 2 and N 2 permeances showed reverse proportional relationship to the DN gel membrane thickness, which clearly demonstrated that the rate-controlling step of CO 2 and N 2 permeations across the DN gel membranes were intra-membrane diffusion. (confex.com)
However, as the rate-controlling step of the CO 2 permeation is intra-membrane diffusion, we could increase the CO 2 permeance by fabricating much thinner AAIL-based DN gel membranes. (confex.com)

Although recycling of endocytosed Tf to the plasma membrane continued in the presence of Baf, recycled Tf did not dissociate from its receptor, indicating failure of Fe3+ release due to a neutral endosomal pH. (rupress.org)
For comparison, we also immunolabeled the specimens with antibody against transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) which is important in DMT1-mediated transport of Fe and Mn. (cdc.gov)

Liver transcriptomic analysis revealed that M. aeruginosa and TAN disrupted the balance in lipid synthesis, decomposition, and transport, ultimately leading to hepatic lipid accumulation. (bvsalud.org)

Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing mIBG transport in cancer and normal cells is a critical step for developing strategies to optimize the efficacy of 131 I-mIBG while minimizing toxicity in normal tissues. (aspetjournals.org)

Passive transport is the moving of biochemicals across membranes of cells without the use of chemical energy. (wikibooks.org)
In spite of this similar organization, the SARS-CoV RNA cells showed the virions within cell vesicles and around the sequence is only distantly related to that of previously cell membrane. (cdc.gov)

ENA1 is similar to AtZIF1, which localizes to the vacuolar membrane and was shown to be involved in Zn detoxification [28]. (woofahs.com)

Osmosis is very important in biological systems because many membranes are semipermeable. (wikibooks.org)

The BASS family, however, transports a wide array of substrates other than bile acids. (elifesciences.org)

Strikingly diverse functional abnormalities have been identified for disease-linked ATP1A2 mutations which frequently lead to changes in the enzyme's voltage-dependent properties, kinetics, or apparent cation affinities, but some mutations are truly deleterious for enzyme function and thus cause full haploinsufficiency. (frontiersin.org)

It is important to consider the blood-to-liver transport of nicotine to understand the nicotine elimination from the body because most of the nicotine is converted to inactive metabolites by cytochrome P450 localized in the endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocytes. (aspetjournals.org)
In conclusion, a carrier-mediated system controlling the blood-to-liver transport of nicotine appears to be present on the sinusoidal membrane of hepatocytes. (aspetjournals.org)

Ions are also involved in transport phenomena, for example across biological membranes. (cecam.org)

Transport assays in proteoliposomes have revealed that both Glt Ph and Glt Tk catalyze electrogenic transport with a strict stoichiometry of three co-transported Na + ions per aspartate 14 , 32 . (nature.com)

We fabricated AAIL-based DN gel membranes with different thicknesses and evaluated the gas permeation mechanisms. (confex.com)

2002). However, during aging an oxidant challenge exceeds the capacity of the cell s defense system, membrane damage may occur. (scialert.net)
shows a consultant documenting of 58% of cell-attached areas that included constitutive route activity made up of cation route currents that got a mean unitary current amplitude of ?0.54 ± 0.3 pA a mean amount of unitary route openings of 3.2 ± 0.3 per patch along with a mean SB 334867 = 18 from >10 sets of cell monolayers see components and methods). (sciencepop.org)
SB 334867 Properties of 2 specific cation stations in cell-attached areas from apical membrane of H441 cell monolayers. (sciencepop.org)
Transport of these metals across cell membranes occurs by many of the same transport systems which include DMT1, Zip8 and Zip14. (cdc.gov)

Chloride is mainly transported via electroneutral cation-Cl cotransporters, which allow Cl to always follow cations mainly Na and K across cellular membranes. (medscape.com)

2000). The high polyunsaturated fatty acid content of the erythrocyte membrane and the continuous exposure to high concentrations of oxygen and iron in heamoglobin are factors that make erythrocytes very sensitive to oxidative injury (Bernabucci et al . (scialert.net)

Depolarized dynamic light scattering, broadband dielectric spectroscopy, rheology, and differential scanning calorimetry were employed to systematically study the influence of MW on the mechanism of ionic transport and segmental dynamics in these materials. (osti.gov)

The ability of the two synthesized aromatic architectures to transport ions across a model lipid membrane has been studied by electrophysiology experiments. (rsc.org)

Anatomy47

Organisms11

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs108

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes55

Disciplines and Occupations4

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Proteins21

ATPase4

ATPases7

Divalent cations3

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Mannose-6-phosph2

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Intracellular3

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