• The membranes show the capability to recognize monovalent/divalent cations, achieving excellent K + /Mg 2+ selectivity of 121.2 using mixed salt solution as the feed, which outperforms other reported membranes under similar testing conditions and transcends the current upper limit. (nature.com)
  • Characterization and simulations indicate that the cation recognition effect of EDTA and partial dehydration effects play critical roles in cations selective sieving and increasing the local charge density within the sub-nanochannel significantly improves cation selectivity. (nature.com)
  • The dependence of monovalent-ion selectivity of surface-sulfonated anion exchange membranes (s-AEMs) on the electrodialysis (ED) desalination current density, the concentration of equimolar ternary electrolyte (XCl + X2SO4) in the total concentration range 0.04-0.2 M, and the type of cations (X = H, Cs, Na) has been studied. (hse.ru)
  • Cation-exchange membranes transmit cations and anion-exchange membranes transmit anions, while both types of membranes block the hydrodynamic flow of the solvent. (membrain.cz)
  • Within the stack, electrochemical redox reactions appear along the surface and inside the electrodes, which capture the released electrons and send them through the circuit, whereas the hydrogen cations (protons) pass through the ion-selective membrane and offset the charge equilibrium [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Given that the cations and anions can be readily interchangeable to form new compounds with different properties, it has been estimated that there can be as many as 10 18 possible combinations of ILs (1). (chromatographyonline.com)
  • ILs containing halide anions typically exhibit higher viscosities because of their ability to undergo stronger hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions with the cations while larger or more asymmetrical anions often possess lower viscosities (11,13,14). (chromatographyonline.com)
  • Perfect selectivity of cations over anions or vice versa, and of different cations (e.g. (advancedsciencenews.com)
  • Chalcogenide glass also has selectivity for double-charged metal ions, such as Pb2+, and Cd2+. (wikipedia.org)
  • They have good selectivity, because only ions which can introduce themselves into the crystal structure can interfere with the electrode response. (wikipedia.org)
  • Not only did Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) scientists do that but they found that those ions are unexpectedly picky depending on the anion (a negatively charged ion). (phys.org)
  • Determining which anions are permeable to the nanotube pore can be critical to many separation processes, including desalination, which turns seawater into fresh water by removing the salt ions. (phys.org)
  • Seeing differential selectivity for diverse anions is important because of the need to design very selective membranes that could separate these ions," said LLNL scientist Alex Noy, lead author of the article. (phys.org)
  • The measurements revealed unexpectedly strong differential ion selectivity with permeabilities of different ions varying by up to 2 orders of magnitude. (phys.org)
  • Our findings provide a theoretical basis for ions transport in sub-nanochannels and an alternative strategy for design ions separation membranes. (nature.com)
  • Moreover, the transport and separation mechanisms of ions within sub-nanochannels modulated by local charge density remains elusive and an effective strategy to fabricate high-efficiency mono-/divalent ions selective membranes is yet to be developed. (nature.com)
  • There exists an exchange of molecules and ions in and out of the cell wall, as well as in and out of membrane-bounded intracellular compartments such as the nucleus, ER, and mitrochondria. (wikibooks.org)
  • Fujifilm cation-exchange membranes remove two to six sodium ions, compared to Neosepta's two to eight, for every magnesium ion. (water-reuse-europe.org)
  • Fujifilm anion-exchange membranes remove two to seven nitrate ions, compared to Neosepta's two to six, for every sulfate ion. (water-reuse-europe.org)
  • Walls with selectivity regarding monovalent ions may possibly overcome this issue. (ainhibitor.com)
  • The charge of ions bound in the membrane is balanced by an equivalent charge, so-called anti-ion. (membrain.cz)
  • On the assumption that the electric neutrality is maintained, anti-ions can emerge from the membrane and enter it from the surrounding solution. (membrain.cz)
  • In the electric field, the membrane behaves as an ion conductor, letting through ions of one charge type with a high selectivity. (membrain.cz)
  • Despite intensive efforts devoted into developing novel nanoporous membranes and their outstanding macroscopic performance demonstrated in laboratories, little is known about the mechanisms responsible for the rapid filling and transport of water through these nanochannels, as well as the rejection of ions and ion selectivity properties, at the atomic level. (advancedsciencenews.com)
  • Ion channels are pore-forming proteins that allow the flow of ions across membranes, either plasma membranes, or the membranes of intracellular organelles [ 4 ]. (guidetoimmunopharmacology.org)
  • The team used fluorescence assays and stopped-flow spectrometry to determine the permeability of four monovalent anions (chloride, bromide, iodide and thiocynate) through narrow 0.8 nanometer-diameter carbon nanotube porins (CNTPs). (phys.org)
  • During my own PhD that focused on the development of small neutral molecules that can transport chloride anions across biological membranes, we often observed binding to the lipid headgroup in molecular dynamics modelling. (rsc.org)
  • The influence of the electrode body's material upon the composition of the plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane, and thus also upon the sensor characteristics, was also studied. (abo.fi)
  • Ortho-dimercury aromatic compounds were found to induce an adequate chloride-selectivity for physiological measurements. (keyopinionleaders.com)
  • The membrane contains (5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(2,4,6‐triphenylphenyl)porphyrinato)manganese(III) chloride (Mn[TPPP]CI) in a plasticized polyvinyl chloride matrix. (princeton.edu)
  • The electrode deviates from the Hofmeister selectivity pattern by responding to thiocyanate preferentially over inorganic anions (perchlorate, chloride, iodide, and bromide) and several organic anions often present in biological samples (ascorbate, citrate, urate, and salicylate). (princeton.edu)
  • 3. Dutzler R, Campbell EB, Cadene M, Chait BT, MacKinnon R. (2002) X-ray structure of a ClC chloride channel at 3.0 A reveals the molecular basis of anion selectivity. (guidetoimmunopharmacology.org)
  • CLIC1 is a member of the highly conserved class of chloride ion channels that exist in both soluble and integral membrane forms. (proteopedia.org)
  • At its binding site in the pore, chloride could interact with the ends of four helices that come from both sides of the membrane. (proteopedia.org)
  • The sensors exhibited modest selectivity for acetate but good selectivity for benzoate. (abo.fi)
  • The electrode showed good selectivity towards other anions, therefore can be used to determine SDS concentration in real samples system without any change of the samples matrix. (ugm.ac.id)
  • Incubation of sections with IVM also increased the degree of hyperpolarization when gluconate was replaced by Cl^- and NO_3^-, indicating an increase in the anion conductance of the muscle bag cell membrane. (soton.ac.uk)
  • Specific point mutations in human anion exchanger 1 (AE1) convert this electroneutral anion exchanger into a monovalent cation conductance. (tcdb.org)
  • Although mammalian SLC4/AE polypeptides mediate only electroneutral Cl - -anion exchange, trout erythroid AE1 also promotes osmolyte transport and increased anion conductance. (tcdb.org)
  • For each type of membrane, the authors summarize experimental and simulation results for transport properties and novel behaviors concerning water/ion conductance through these model membranes. (advancedsciencenews.com)
  • CPE formed ion-permeable channels in artificial lipid bilayer membranes with a single-channel conductance of 620 pS in 1 M KCl. (hal.science)
  • His interests and those of his research groups have included exploring the mechanisms of ion permeation and selectivity in ion channels, the relationship between the molecular structure and the physiological function of channels, such as those of the inhibitory neurotransmitter receptor glycine channel and the olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channel, and investigating the factors that determine their ion permeation, selectivity and conductance. (edu.au)
  • The cut-off point for permeation through these channels was found to be between the relative hydrated sizes of ClO 3 - and BrO 3 - , indicating a diameter for the selectivity filter of between 0.29 and 0.33nm. (soton.ac.uk)
  • According to the CO 2 permeation performances of the AAIL-based DN gel membranes, the DN gels membrane with 85 wt% of AAILs showed remarkable CO 2 permeability of more than 5000 barrer and high CO 2 /N 2 selectivity of more than 170 (at 373 K and CO 2 partial pressure 10 kPa). (confex.com)
  • From the trend of the CO 2 and N 2 permeabilities of the DN gel membranes at different CO 2 partial pressures, we confirmed that the permeation mechanism of CO 2 and N 2 were facilitated transport and solution-diffusion mechanisms, respectively. (confex.com)
  • We fabricated AAIL-based DN gel membranes with different thicknesses and evaluated the gas permeation mechanisms. (confex.com)
  • However, as the rate-controlling step of the CO 2 permeation is intra-membrane diffusion, we could increase the CO 2 permeance by fabricating much thinner AAIL-based DN gel membranes. (confex.com)
  • By means of the selectivity permeation effect on anion and cation by the anion and cation exchange membrane, and exchange effect on ion by ion exchange resin. (rowatertreatment-system.com)
  • His current research is now concentrating on liquid junction potential effects on membrane potential measurements and their role in ion permeation and selectivity, and the reliability of their calculation and measurement, including the importance of using ion activities in their calculation in many situations, and complications that can arise in solutions containing polyvalent ion mixtures. (edu.au)
  • Inner pores of carbon nanotubes combine extremely fast water transport and ion selectivity that could potentially be useful for high-performance water desalination and separation applications. (phys.org)
  • A cDNA encoding a multispecific organic anion transporter 3 (hOAT3) was isolated from a human kidney cDNA library. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Regular ion change membranes Rapid-deployment bioprosthesis possess reduced monovalent-ion selectivity. (ainhibitor.com)
  • We utilised a relatively fast method to coat a typical business anion exchange membrane layer to enhance their monovalent-ion selectivity. (ainhibitor.com)
  • This report will thus focus on the different types of membranes used in the VRFB systems, their classifications, properties, preparation methods and applications. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • The various types of membranes are compared, and the future developments of Cation exchange membranes and Anion exchange membranes are further investigated. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • This review also portraits the basic differences between different types of membranes used for CO2 separation, highlighted operating conditions for different membranes and mention further research possibilities in this field. (walshmedicalmedia.com)
  • There are four main types of ion-selective membrane used in ion-selective electrodes (ISEs): glass, solid state, liquid based, and compound electrode. (wikipedia.org)
  • All these reactions occur inside a special membrane, which covers the true ion-selective electrode. (wikipedia.org)
  • The response properties of a new thiocyanate‐selective solvent‐polymeric membrane electrode are reported. (princeton.edu)
  • Amino acid ionic liquids (AAILs)-based membranes have been recognized as an attractive alternative to conventional facilitated transport membranes (FTMs) due to unique properties of AAILs, such as the high CO 2 absorption capacity, selective reactivity with CO 2 , negligible vapor pressure, high thermal stability, and tunable chemical structure. (confex.com)
  • The AAILs-based gel membranes as well as supported ionic liquid membranes previously developed in our group exhibited good CO 2 permeability and CO 2 /N 2 selectivity, but the poor stability under pressurized conditions is a major obstacle to their practical application [1,2]. (confex.com)
  • Ionic liquids have tunable selectivity for specific classes of analytes, giving them distinct advantages over organic solvents. (chromatographyonline.com)
  • Transport of pure water and aqueous ionic solutions through solid-state membrane with nanoscale porous features has attracted increasing interests in the wide-spreading water and nanotechnology community, not only because of the rapid advancement of nanomaterials and nanofabrication, but also the pressing environmental challenges to recycle polluted water to fulfill large scale demands of clean water. (advancedsciencenews.com)
  • 4. Hille B. (1986) Ionic channels: molecular pores of excitable membranes. (guidetoimmunopharmacology.org)
  • Fabrication of high-conductivity ion exchange membranes (IEMs) is crucial to improve the performance of non-aqueous vanadium redox flow batteries (NAVRFBs). (rsc.org)
  • Lifetime of neutral-carrier-based liquid membranes in aqueous samples and blood and the lipophilicity of membrane components. (keyopinionleaders.com)
  • Another application that can benefit greatly from this membrane is non-aqueous redox flow batteries that utilize organic solvents such as acetonitrile, etc. (fuelcellstore.com)
  • The dimension change or swelling of the membrane for non-aqueous redox flow battery applications would predominantly depend on the chemical composition of the electrolyte used. (fuelcellstore.com)
  • Mechanically reinforced fluorinated anion exchange membranes would demonstrate increased mechanical stability and lower solvent mediated crossover compared to non-reinforced counterparts for non-aqueous redox flow battery applications. (fuelcellstore.com)
  • We are developing luminescent europium(III) complexes 2-6 capable of reversibly binding and discriminating between nucleoside tri-, di- and monophosphate anions in aqueous biological media (Figure 1). (edu.au)
  • CLIC1 inserts from the aqueous phase into phospholipid membranes, where it functions as an anion channel. (proteopedia.org)
  • As the solvent of the DN gels, AAILs composed of phosphonium type cation and prolinate anion were used because of their excellent CO 2 transport properties [4]. (confex.com)
  • They were incorporated into solvent polymeric membranes, and the selectivity, slope of response, response time, emf repeatability, and the signal stability of the corresponding ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) were studied. (keyopinionleaders.com)
  • Journal of Membrane Science. (hse.ru)
  • The lipid bilayer of cell membranes is impermeable to large and polar molecules but permeable to water molecules and other small uncharged molecules like O 2 and CO 2 . (wikibooks.org)
  • Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane. (wikibooks.org)
  • This resulted in the high cation selectivity of the CPE channels, which suggested that anions are presumably not permeable through the CPE channels. (hal.science)
  • A carbon nanotube porin embedded in a lipid bilayer with an anion (green) at the entrance of the carbon nanotube porin. (phys.org)
  • Her research interests are ion transport, lipid binding, membrane processes and medicinal applications of supramolecular systems. (rsc.org)
  • While binding to the lipid headgroup is detrimental for anion transport, I hypothesized that binding to the headgroup can provide membrane selectivity (e.g., bacterial membranes over human membranes) and can induce membrane perturbations similar to those observed for antimicrobial peptides. (rsc.org)
  • The availability of free energy is one of the factors that determine if a molecule will move across a membrane, the other being the permeability of the molecule in the lipid bilayer. (wikibooks.org)
  • These 'molten salts' are typically composed of an organic cation and an organic or inorganic anion. (chromatographyonline.com)
  • I have been intrigued by the activity of antimicrobial peptides for a long time, due to my interest in biological membranes. (rsc.org)
  • Osmosis is very important in biological systems because many membranes are semipermeable. (wikibooks.org)
  • While selectivity in such a nonequilibrium flow arrangement is found to be somewhat different than that observed under equilibrium conditions, the electrode's response and selectivity is still adequate to allow for measurement of thiocyanate in biological samples. (princeton.edu)
  • My research expertise is the application of electrophysiological and molecular biological techniques to understand the regulation of ion transport across the biological membranes. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • The major research interests of my group concern the regulation of ion transport across the biological membranes of plant and fungal cells. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • ATP, ADP, AMP) play crucial roles in a range of biological processes including energy transduction, cellular signalling and membrane transport. (edu.au)
  • He leads a group synthesising lanthanide-based molecular probes for the purpose of sensing biological anions, probing enzyme activity, and monitoring fluctuations in target species in living cells. (edu.au)
  • Biological Membrane Ion Channels , edn. (edu.au)
  • The glass membrane has excellent chemical durability and can work in very aggressive media. (wikipedia.org)
  • As each technology has its own focus area and requirements Fujifilm developed a membrane portfolio to suit its customers needs ranging from low electrical resistance membranes to low water permeating membranes with durability in wide pH range. (fujifilm.com)
  • Properties that are desirable in a VRFB membrane include high ion selectivity, high ion conductivity, low water uptake and swelling ratio, good chemical stability, good mechanical strength and durability and low cost. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • This WP will focus on analyzing and optimizing the conductivity and durability of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) and ionomers (AEIs) under various CO and CO 2 reduction conditions. (selectco2.eu)
  • The carbazole-derived ionophores effectively decreased the interference from lipophilic anions, such as bromide, nitrate, iodide, and thiocyanate. (abo.fi)
  • The observation of this strong differential selectivity is based on a mechanism that is unique to the nanometer-scale pores and thus could open up a possibility to design membranes with selectivity to the other kinds of chemical species," said Zhongwu Li, the first author of the paper. (phys.org)
  • These results provide additional insights on the mechanism of ion selectivity in these pores and also point to the factors that researchers need to take into account when designing artificial ion-selective channels and membranes. (phys.org)
  • Experimental investigations on nanoporous water and ion conduction are often performed on macroscopic membrane materials with large, non-uniform, ill-defined pores embedded in complex matrices that can not be well characterized at atomic scales. (advancedsciencenews.com)
  • In the present work, anion exchange membranes with high-conductivity were fabricated by aligning ion channels of the polymer electrolyte impregnated in porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) under electric fields. (rsc.org)
  • The team then applied first principles molecular dynamics simulations that revealed that the origin of this strong differential ion selectivity is partial dehydration of anions upon entry into the narrow CNTP channels. (phys.org)
  • These results suggest that there is a compensatory mechanism involving aquaglyceroporin and VRAC-like channels that maintains membrane potential under hypoosmotic conditions. (bvsalud.org)
  • We have identified a novel organic acid efflux channels in the plasma membrane of Arabidopsis epidermal root cells (e.g. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • These physicochemical features have thus largely inspired the designing principles for current membranes aiming to achieve similar separation performance. (nature.com)
  • Microphase-separated block polymers have emerged as an interesting material platform for membrane applications, such as gas separation, water purification, proton-exchange membranes, anion-exchange membranes, and polymer electrolytes for battery applications. (aiche.org)
  • Fujifilm membranes can be used in several electro separation technologies (Electrodialysis, Electrodialysis Reversal etc). (fujifilm.com)
  • The developing technique such as Membrane separation is highly compact, energy efficient, environmental friendly, scale-up flexible and possibly more economical than previously well-established technologies. (walshmedicalmedia.com)
  • The purpose of this review is to classify membrane separation process used for CO2 gas separation from flue gases. (walshmedicalmedia.com)
  • So, an alternative method membrane separation attracted the scientific community due to its high CO 2 capture efficiency, simple process design, easy scale up, low energy consumption and lower capital cost [ 4 ]. (walshmedicalmedia.com)
  • Over the past years several studies are conducted in searching optimum membrane materials, membrane casting techniques and membrane module configurations for gas separation. (walshmedicalmedia.com)
  • The idea of membrane separation was originated in 1866 by graham [ 9 ] with loeb and sourirajan further strengthen this field by proposing anisotropic membrane [ 10 ]. (walshmedicalmedia.com)
  • These developments make gas separation by membrane a competitive device in industrial sector. (walshmedicalmedia.com)
  • The potentiometric response characteristics (slope, detection limit, selectivity, and pH sensitivity) of sensors prepared with different membrane compositions (ionophore, ionophore concentration, anion exchanger concentration, and plasticizer) were evaluated. (abo.fi)
  • The selectivity, detection limit, and linear range were improved by choosing a suitable plasticizer and by reducing the ionophore and anion exchanger concentrations. (abo.fi)
  • first examined three kinds of prototypical nanoporous membranes: carbon nanotubes, modified graphene sheet with nanopores, nanotubes with polar heterogeneity (such as boron nitride or silicon carbide tubes). (advancedsciencenews.com)
  • Numerous negatively charged oxygen atoms of EDTA molecules and 6.0 Å two-dimensional (2D) sub-nanochannel of MXene nanosheets enable biomimetic channel size, chemical groups and tunable charge density for the resulting membranes. (nature.com)
  • Inspired by KcsA K + channel with size of ~5.6 Å and homogenous distribution of carbonyl oxygens, herein, MXene nanosheets and EDTA molecules are used as building blocks to construct artificial ion channel membranes with the right channel size, similar binding sites, and tunable charge density (Fig. 1a ). (nature.com)
  • However, the main advantage of using ILs and PILs is their tunable selectivity for specific classes of analytes. (chromatographyonline.com)
  • Most antimicrobial peptides are cationic amphiphilic compounds that function by binding to the negatively charged lipids of bacterial membranes, followed by membrane disruption. (rsc.org)
  • a The ion selectivity filter in KcsA K + channel is a 5.6 Å channel composed of eight negatively charged oxygen atoms (PDB code 1K4C), which inspired us to design an MLM-EDTA with numerous negatively charged oxygen atoms and 6.0 Å two-dimensional channel. (nature.com)
  • The model represents the modified membrane as an asymmetric bipolar membrane with two diffusion boundary layers (DBL) in electrolyte solutions on both sides of the membrane interface. (hse.ru)
  • The results show that for the macrocyclic ionophores, a larger cavity provided better selectivity. (abo.fi)
  • On the basis of previously reported correlations between the lipophilicity of membrane components, their partition coefficient between the membrane and the sample, and the lifetime of corresponding neutral-carrier-based sensors, the lipophilicities of ionophores and plasticizers in analytically relevant ion-selective electrodes, ISFETs, and optodes are analyzed and reported. (keyopinionleaders.com)
  • New mercury organic compounds with 1-3 metal centers and different substituants were synthesized as anion-selective ionophores. (keyopinionleaders.com)
  • This paper investigates the monovalent selectivity and potential of the widely-used Neosepta MSED membranes and the new Fujifilm MSED membranes to treat wastewater in greenhouses for reuse or discharge. (water-reuse-europe.org)
  • The anion is fully hydrated, i.e. surrounded by bound water molecules, which it needs to shed before entering the nanotube. (phys.org)
  • A window in the nanotube (below) shows another anion that shed some of those water molecules and entered the tube interior. (phys.org)
  • Herein, inspired by K + channel of streptomyces A (KcsA K + ), we have constructed cation sieving membranes using MXene nanosheets and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) molecules as building blocks. (nature.com)
  • When ΔG is positive the transport is active, an input of energy is needed to move a molecule up a concentration gradient, contrary to ΔG being negative the transport is passive, which means that such molecules will pass through a membrane down their own gradient, simple diffusion. (wikibooks.org)
  • They preferentially catalyze anion exchange (antiport) reactions. (tcdb.org)
  • Interactions of Surfactants with Biomimetic Membranes-2. (mdpi.com)
  • It is discovered that noncharged surfactants lead to electric effects that interact with biomimetic membranes made of nitrocellulose filters, which are impregnated with fatty acid esters. (mdpi.com)
  • Here we present a new class of AAILs-based ion gel membranes with not only superior CO 2 permeability and CO 2 /N 2 selectivity but also excellent stability under pressurized conditions. (confex.com)
  • In this column installment, the thermal stability, viscosity, and selectivity of ILs and PILs and their relevance to SPME and DLLME will be discussed. (chromatographyonline.com)
  • The anion, however, often plays a more significant role in the thermal stability of ILs and PILs (9). (chromatographyonline.com)
  • Typically, smaller and less polarizable anions, such as halides, decrease the overall thermal stability because of their susceptibility to undergoing nucleophilic substitution with the alkyl substituents of the IL cation (10). (chromatographyonline.com)
  • Fumasep FAPQ-330 is a fluorinated anion-exchange membrane - non-reinforced with low resistance, high oxidative stability, resistant to chlorine and high stability in acidic environment. (fuelcellstore.com)
  • Electrochemical processes requiring anion exchange membranes with high oxidative stability and highly resistant to chlorine. (fuelcellstore.com)
  • AE1 is also activated by interaction with glycophorin which also functions to target it to the plasma membrane ( Young and Tanner, 2003 ). (tcdb.org)
  • My research interests have more focussed on anion efflux and Ca 2+ influx across the plasma membrane of fungal cells towards identifying and evaluating potential new drug targets. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • Surprisingly, the pathways by which organic acids cross the plasma membrane of cells are not well characterised and little is known of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the exudation of organic acids. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • The mechanical strength of the fabricated AAILs-based DN gel membranes were tested by compressive and tensile stress-strain measurements, and the DN gels composed of more than 80wt% AAILs showed more than 25 MPa of compressive and about 0.7 MPa of tensile fracture stresses. (confex.com)
  • This resulted in analyses to evaluate and correct errors arising from such liquid junction potentials in a range of different situations and led him to develop a C/C++ DOS-based Windows software program, JPCalc , to calculate and apply appropriate corrections to experimental membrane potential measurements. (edu.au)
  • In a VRFB cell, which consists of two electrodes and an ion exchange membrane, the electrolyte flows through the electrodes where the electrochemical reactions take place. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • to postulate that CLIC1 is among the small group of proteins which are assembled as soluble cytoplasmic proteins, which will then insert themselves into the appropriate membrane via their own mechanism. (proteopedia.org)
  • SO4 maximum value of 5.5 was achieved for the s-AEM-18 membrane in the ED-desalination of equimolar ternary electrolytes NaCl/Na2SO4, and CsCl/Cs2SO4 (total salt concentration 0.04 M) at 1.4 and 2.4 mA cm−2 current densities, respectively. (hse.ru)
  • The membrane separates the positive and negative half-cells, thus preventing the cross mixing of the different electrolytes, while facilitating the ion transport during the charging and discharging process. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • From the obtained results, it was found that CO 2 and N 2 permeances showed reverse proportional relationship to the DN gel membrane thickness, which clearly demonstrated that the rate-controlling step of CO 2 and N 2 permeations across the DN gel membranes were intra-membrane diffusion. (confex.com)
  • In the present stage, the AAIL-based DN gel membrane with the thinnest thickness (58 m m) showed the CO 2 permeance of ca. 120 GPU and CO 2 /N 2 selectivity of ca. 100 under the conditions of T = 373 K and 10 kPa of the CO 2 partial pressure. (confex.com)
  • These results suggest an important role of hOAT3 in the excretion/detoxification of endogenous and exogenous organic anions in the kidney. (aspetjournals.org)
  • first, organic anions are transported from the peritubular plasma by basolateral organic anion transporter(s) and subsequently effluxed into the tubular lumen by luminal transporter(s). (aspetjournals.org)
  • Analysis of heterologous expression systems of rOAT1 in oocytes and culture cells revealed that rOAT1 has the ability to transport anionic drugs, such as β-lactam antibiotics, NSAIDs, methotrexate, and antiviral drugs, as well as various endogenous organic anions and exogenous substances. (aspetjournals.org)
  • All of these isoforms are commonly expressed in the kidney, and their potential roles in renal handling of organic anions have been indicated. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Among the OAT isoforms, rOAT3, as well as rOAT1, exhibits a markedly wide substrate selectivity, and its human homolog is considered a key molecule in the renal handling of organic anions. (aspetjournals.org)
  • 5.4 This test method provides for the DOWEX™ MARATHON™ MSA is a high capacity, macroporous, strong base anion exchange resin of uniform bead size distribution. (gpapac.com)
  • Stephen completed his undergraduate degree at Warwick University, UK, before studying for a PhD with Prof. Kate Jolliffe at Sydney University, synthesising cyclic peptides as supramolecular receptors for anions. (edu.au)
  • Currently, Sarah is a PhD candidate in the Busschaert group at Tulane University, working on various medical and non-medical applications of synthetic transmembrane anion transporters. (rsc.org)
  • She then moved to the University to Southampton (UK) in 2010 to undertake a PhD under the supervision of Professor Philip A. Gale, working on the development of synthetic transmembrane anion transporters. (rsc.org)
  • Ion-exchange resins are based on special organic polymer membranes which contain a specific ion-exchange substance (resin). (wikipedia.org)
  • The developed AAIL-based gel membranes consisted of two specific independent interpenetrating polymer networks, so-called doubel-network (DN) [3]. (confex.com)
  • Our thin homogeneous anion and cation exchange membranes are based on new innovative polymer technology. (fujifilm.com)
  • The selectivity and blocking of the flow are used in individual processes. (membrain.cz)
  • We focus on high volume supply of ion exchange membranes which enable breakthrough membrane processes to become technically feasible. (fujifilm.com)
  • A heterogeneous membrane is a highly filled polymeric composite, consisting of very finely ground polymeric particles with ion-exchange functional groups, embedded in an inert polymeric matrix with the reinforcing textile that improves mechanical properties of the membrane. (membrain.cz)
  • Regarding the good mechanical strength of AAIL-based DN gels, it was possible to prepare thin membranes. (confex.com)
  • 1. Doyle DA, Morais Cabral J, Pfuetzner RA, Kuo A, Gulbis JM, Cohen SL, Chait BT, MacKinnon R. (1998) The structure of the potassium channel: molecular basis of K+ conduction and selectivity. (guidetoimmunopharmacology.org)
  • However, to date, no drug candidates that bind specifically to TEAD2 with high selectivity and efficacy have been developed or proposed. (bvsalud.org)
  • Lastly, the future research direction in the development of a commercial membrane that displays a high performance while maintaining a low cost is identified. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • The membrane potential of an identified neuron (Ip-1/2) was not significantly altered in 50% hypoosmotic artificial sea water. (bvsalud.org)
  • In isotonic 50% artificial seawater (ASW) with osmolarity that was compensated for using glycerol or urea, the membrane potentials of Ip-1/2 were also not altered compared to those in 50% hypoosmotic ASW. (bvsalud.org)
  • Until early 1990s, renal organic anion transport was thought to be carried out by a few carrier proteins that showed wide substrate specificity. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The animal AE proteins consist of homodimeric complexes of integral membrane proteins that vary in size from about 900 amino acyl residues to about 1250 residues. (tcdb.org)
  • When disrupted cells are washed approximately half of the CLIC1 proteins will remain within the fractioned membrane as would be expected from an integral membrane protein. (proteopedia.org)
  • residues 101-145) to those of other better understood proteins which are able to insert themselves into the membrane, Tulk et. (proteopedia.org)
  • Passive transport is the moving of biochemicals across membranes of cells without the use of chemical energy. (wikibooks.org)
  • In particular, the organic anion transport pathway has been shown to mediate the elimination of various drugs. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Because hOAT1 has been suggested to show rather limited capacity for organic anion transport, hOAT3 might play a large role in the human kidney. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The dimensional properties of the fabricated membranes were also enhanced compared with its cast membrane owing to the reinforcing effect of the substrate. (rsc.org)
  • If I have a cation exchange membrane and need to remove 2 g/L of sodium, how much resin would I need. (gpapac.com)
  • In the presence of volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) inhibitors (niflumic acid and glibenclamide), the Ip-1/2 membrane potentials were hyperpolarized in 50% hypoosmotic ASW. (bvsalud.org)
  • Many of these studies highlighted the significant effects of liquid junction potentials on membrane potential measurement, which are generally increased in patch-clamp situations. (edu.au)