• The differential diagnosis of a malignant effusion is accordingly broad, especially for the small round blue cell tumors that includes not only mesenchymal tumors, but also non-mesenchymal tumors, such as neuroblastoma and Wilms tumor. (cytojournal.com)
  • Other rare non-epithelial malignancies that may be encountered in effusion cytology include neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, and metastatic brain tumors. (cytojournal.com)
  • 6, 11] This finding adds credence to a neural crest origin because elevated VMA has been reported in neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma, and other neural crest tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Consider clinical, radiographic, laboratory, and histologic findings when establishing a proper differential diagnosis for melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI). (medscape.com)
  • It is important in this age group to exclude other tumors that can have a similar appearance, such as rhabdomyosarcoma, lymphoma, Ewing sarcoma (primitive neuroectodermal tumor), or even a melanoma (although they are very very rare in infants). (wikipedia.org)
  • While most tumors metastatic to the serous membranes are of epithelial origin, cytologists should be aware that non-epithelial neoplasms can also cause malignant effusions including sarcomas, melanomas, germ cell tumors, and, more rarely, brain tumors. (cytojournal.com)
  • Most tumors metastatic to the serous membranes are of epithelial origin. (cytojournal.com)
  • Diagnosing non-epithelial malignancies in effusion specimens based entirely upon their cytomorphologic features is difficult because these neoplasms often exhibit considerable morphological overlap and their cytomorphology can differ from the original tumor. (cytojournal.com)
  • Common non-epithelial neoplasms that may cause malignant effusions include malignant melanoma, sarcomas, and other neoplasms including germ cell tumors [ Figure 1 ]. (cytojournal.com)
  • The same age differential is noted with respect to the more common odontogenic tumors (eg, ameloblastoma, odontoma, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor, ameloblastic fibroma, odontogenic myxoma, odontogenic fibroma). (medscape.com)
  • The classification of epithelial tumors of the kidney has in particular undergone substantial progress in the last two decades with major contributions from genetic typing of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). (abdominalkey.com)
  • The role of genotyping and ancillary tools, in particular immunohistochemistry, in correctly classifying these tumors is highlighted in the section on Renal Cell Carcinoma. (abdominalkey.com)
  • In 1966, Borello and Gorlin reported a case with high urinary excretion of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), suggesting a neural crest origin, and they proposed the term melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy. (medscape.com)
  • 6] Since then, numerous histochemical, immunohistochemical, electron microscopic, and tissue culture studies have supported the neural crest origin and confirmed the preferred term of melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy. (medscape.com)
  • 3, 4, 5] These terms reflected theories of suspected origin from the odontogenic apparatus, the pigmented anlage of the retina, or the sensory neuroectodermal tissues. (medscape.com)
  • Wilms tumor is believed to arise from embryonic tissues called nephrogenic rests that fail to undergo normal involution ( 7 ). (abdominalkey.com)
  • The tumor is usually circumscribed by a pseudocapsule formed of compressed renal and perirenal tissues. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Even though there is often a very dramatic and rapidly enlarging, destructive tumor, there is usually a benign clinical course after complete local excision (usually by partial maxillectomy) with clear or free surgical margins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy presents as a rapidly growing bluish mass on the anterior aspect of the maxilla. (medscape.com)
  • Wiedemann-Beckwith syndrome is related to abnormalities on chromosome 11p15 and characterized by multiple craniofacial anomalies, abdominal wall defects, and tumors of the genitourinary tract, liver, adrenal gland, and central nervous system among other abnormalities. (abdominalkey.com)
  • The first section will cover those tumors that characteristically are associated with the pediatric population. (abdominalkey.com)
  • In rare cases, chemotherapy may be used for recurrent or residual tumors. (wikipedia.org)
  • This tumor is extremely rare, with fewer than 500 cases reported world wide. (wikipedia.org)
  • Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare neoplasm and approximately 485 cases have been reported in the literature to date worldwide. (medscape.com)
  • Neonatal Wilms tumor is rare. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Wilms tumor is rare in adults ( 3 ). (abdominalkey.com)
  • Several patients with melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) have demonstrated a high urinary excretion of VMA. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and Denys-Drash syndrome have an increased risk of developing Wilms tumor ( 5 , 6 ). (abdominalkey.com)
  • 1 - 3 Intracranial brain tumors, most commonly medulloblastoma [ Figure 2 ], can metastasize to the peritoneal cavity via ventriculo-peritoneal shunts used to divert excess cerebrospinal fluid. (cytojournal.com)
  • In this chapter, these will be covered using an approach that has become a standard one in dealing with this group of tumors. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Specific discussions of etiology and pathogenesis are dealt with in each of the sections on individual tumors, rather than as a freestanding section, as is used elsewhere in this text. (abdominalkey.com)
  • A diverse array of tumors can arise in the human kidney. (abdominalkey.com)
  • The purpose of this chapter is to familiarize the reader with the tumor types encountered in the human rather than to provide a comprehensive diagnostic reference, which is better handled in more comprehensive textbooks and monographs. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Introduction: Compound odontomas are mixed benign odontogenic tumors, most commonly found in the anterior maxillary region, with a predilection for the second decade of life, may lead to malocclusion, interference in the eruption of teeth, displacement and malformation of adjacent teeth. (bvsalud.org)
  • The same age differential is noted with respect to the more common odontogenic tumors (eg, ameloblastoma, odontoma, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor, ameloblastic fibroma, odontogenic myxoma, odontogenic fibroma). (medscape.com)
  • The radiographic appearance of a maxillary alveolar low-density radiolucency is consistent with any of the odontogenic cysts or tumors. (medscape.com)
  • It is important in this age group to exclude other tumors that can have a similar appearance, such as rhabdomyosarcoma, lymphoma, Ewing sarcoma (primitive neuroectodermal tumor), or even a melanoma (although they are very very rare in infants). (wikipedia.org)
  • 2. Primitive cerebral neuroectodermal tumor with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • 9. Primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the cauda equina in adults with no detectable primary intracranial neoplasm--three case studies. (nih.gov)
  • 12. The cerebellar medulloblastoma and its relationship to primitive neuroectodermal tumors. (nih.gov)
  • 16. Primitive neuroectodermal tumour of the central nervous system associated with malignant rhabdoid tumour of the kidney: report of a case. (nih.gov)
  • 20. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor with choroid plexus differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • The histologic appearance of MNTI is usually that of a small, round blue cell neoplasm suggestive of neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, lymphoma, desmoplastic small round cell tumor, and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor. (medscape.com)
  • Even though there is often a very dramatic and rapidly enlarging, destructive tumor, there is usually a benign clinical course after complete local excision (usually by partial maxillectomy) with clear or free surgical margins. (wikipedia.org)
  • A benign pituitary tumor that produces thyroid-stimulating hormone. (nih.gov)
  • C3268 Nervous System Neoplasm C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C3502 Thyroid Gland Follicular Adenoma Thyroid Adenoma A benign, encapsulated tumor, arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. (nih.gov)
  • 7. [Ultrastructural characteristics of soft tissue rhabdomyosarcomas]. (nih.gov)
  • Cutler LS, Chaudhry AP, Topazian R. Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy: an ultrastructural study, literature review, and reevaluation. (medscape.com)
  • 1. Peripheral pigmented neuroectodermal tumor of infancy with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • Other than histologic and cytogenetic analysis, no specific laboratory tests exist for diagnosing soft-tissue tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Because prognosis is primarily dependent on the disease stage rather than the histologic tumor type, evaluation of local and distant extent is pivotal in the ultimate management of soft-tissue sarcoma. (medscape.com)
  • Angiography to evaluate any vascular involvement by soft tissue tumors has essentially been replaced by MRI. (medscape.com)
  • Early tissue diagnosis is the most important component of multimodality treatment for soft-tissue tumor. (medscape.com)
  • Consider clinical, radiographic, laboratory, and histologic findings when establishing a proper differential diagnosis for melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI). (medscape.com)
  • In rare cases, chemotherapy may be used for recurrent or residual tumors. (wikipedia.org)
  • 8. Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy: a malignant tumor of the femur. (nih.gov)
  • Brainstem gliomas, medulloblastomas, ependymomas, and certain pineal tumors are relatively common primary malignant tumors of the CNS in children. (nih.gov)
  • The relation of the tumor and surrounding normal structures to the planned biopsy site should be evaluated, as should the functional status of the involved limb, signs of lymph node involvement, and any other factors that could compromise optimal surgical or radiation therapy. (medscape.com)
  • Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy is a very rare oral cavity tumor that is seen in patients usually at or around birth. (wikipedia.org)
  • 10. Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy: a case report. (nih.gov)
  • 11. A case of primary testicular germ cell tumor with rhabdomyosarcoma metastases as an example of applying the FISH method to diagnostic pathology. (nih.gov)
  • C3250 Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C3878 Thyroid Gland Undifferentiated (Anaplastic) Carcinoma Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Undifferentiated Thyroid Tumor A primary carcinoma of the thyroid gland composed of undifferentiated cells. (nih.gov)
  • The identification of this second cell population helps differentiate MNTI from other small, round, blue cell tumors. (medscape.com)
  • This tumor is extremely rare, with fewer than 500 cases reported world wide. (wikipedia.org)
  • C3414 Thyroid Tumor C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C9381 Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation An acute myeloid leukemia with maturation occurring in children. (nih.gov)