Melanoma tumor patients antigen of tumor. Medical search. Frequent questions

The purpose of T cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy is to reactivate these responses to a degree that results in tumor destruction without causing harmful effects on normal cells. (wikipedia.org)
For non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) treatment is the standard immunotherapy for non-high risk NMIBC patients ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
Treatments, including radiation & immunotherapy, have proven to be effective in patients with metastatic solid cancers. (indiatimes.com)
Immunotherapy is emerging as a new form to treat cancer by harnessing the activity of cytotoxic CD8 + T lymphocytes (CTLs) that specifically recognize tumor-associated antigens. (lifeboat.com)
An immunotherapy regimen incorporating poxviruses and targeting a particular tumor antigen, NY-ESO-1, has shown promise in treating two types of cancers. (medicalxpress.com)
In the field of cancer immunotherapy, significant enthusiasm has been directed at the use of cancer vaccines in patients in order to elicit specific immune responses to target tumors. (alphavax.com)
The decision to initiate a cancer immunotherapy program for solid tumors was based on a careful analysis of current cancer therapies and developing strategies. (alphavax.com)
Finally, the encouraging results from the CEA alphavaccine Phase I trial in Stage IV colon cancer patients suggest that the alphavaccine vector technology may play an important role in cancer immunotherapy. (alphavax.com)
To follow up the success and key outcomes from the Company's first cancer immunotherapy trial in patients with Stage IV CEA+ colon cancer, the CEA alphavaccine has been evaluated in earlier stage colon cancer patients (i.e. (alphavax.com)
He has focused the efforts of his research career on expanding the role of immunotherapy for gastrointestinal tumors and has aligned his clinical practice to coincide with his research interests. (ucsf.edu)
Tumor stem cell-targeted immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma -a randomized phase 3 clinical trial. (ca.gov)
Therapeutic Candidate or Device Tumor stem cell-targeted immunotherapy. (ca.gov)
Breakthroughs in anti-tumor immunity have led to unprecedented advances in immunotherapy, yet it is now clear that the tumor microenvironment (TME) restrains immunity. (elifesciences.org)
The clinical rationale for combining targeted and immunotherapy is to utilize the rapid onset of response and high response rate of BRAF/MEK inhibitors and the longer duration of benefit seen in patients responding to checkpoint inhibitors (CPI). (springermedizin.at)
Especially since Trilogy had only a bit more than 30% of patients with elevated LDH and thus a rather positively skewed population, this raises the question whether it would be really an advantage to use both the immunotherapy and the targeted therapy option in first-line rather than saving targeted therapy as an ideal second-line treatment in the case of CPI failure. (springermedizin.at)
Tumor immunotherapy brings substantial and long-term clinical benefits that can even cure tumors. (hindawi.com)
Tumor immunotherapy refers to novel therapeutic measures that turn the immune system into a destructive force against tumors [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has achieved significant success in various cancers and has been one of the hotspots in the life sciences, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cellular therapy [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as ipilimumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. (survivornet.com)
We've identified somatic mutations in tumors that are associated with anti-tumor immunity in patients, found T cell subtypes that are associated with a response to anti- PD-1 immunotherapy in melanoma and are studying their properties now (Sade-Feldman et al. (massgeneral.org)
Nat Biotech 2020), which are now being used to develop novel therapeutic approaches and targets for immunotherapy, such as personal tumor vaccines targeting multiple HLA-associated neoantigens in human tumors (together with Dr. Catherine Wu at DFCI, Ott et al. (massgeneral.org)
Valo Therapeutics (Helsinki and Oxford) is an immunotherapy company that is developing antigen-coated oncolytic viruses as anti-cancer therapeutic vaccines. (helsinki.fi)
Unleashing the immune system to fight tumors - an approach enabled by immunotherapy - has led to remarkable outcomes in some cancer patients, but in many more, cancer cells evade the treatment and continue to spread. (broadinstitute.org)
Now, a team led by researchers from Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute has identified a gene expression pattern that human melanoma cells use to resist immunotherapy, and demonstrated a combination therapy approach that could overcome this resistance. (broadinstitute.org)
Our team has mapped out a high-resolution landscape of immunotherapy-resistant melanoma," added Regev. (broadinstitute.org)
The team identified a distinct gene expression pattern that correlated with reduced T cell presence in the tumor and other features of immunotherapy resistance. (broadinstitute.org)
By measuring the levels of this "resistance program" before treatment, the team could predict how tumors would respond to immunotherapy - thereby addressing a major clinical challenge in the field of immuno-oncology. (broadinstitute.org)
And in another patient cohort, the group showed that cancer cells further amplify this program when exposed to immunotherapy. (broadinstitute.org)
Once the researchers understood this molecular strategy, they began exploring ways to suppress it and sensitize melanoma tumor cells to immunotherapy. (broadinstitute.org)
In a mouse model of extremely immunotherapy-resistant melanoma - which expressed the newly discovered resistance program at high levels - the CDK4/6 inhibitors dramatically improved responses to immunotherapy, and the combination approach significantly slowed or eradicated tumors in roughly half the mice. (broadinstitute.org)
Relatlimab and nivolumab combination immunotherapy improves progression-free survival over nivolumab monotherapy in patients with unresectable advanced melanoma1. (bvsalud.org)
We present a 73-year-old man with dementia and metastatic melanoma who developed immunotherapy-associated encephalitis and subsequently, interstitial granulomatous dermatitis with nivolumab/ipilimumab. (bvsalud.org)
METHODS: Eligible patients had metastatic disease that progressed on immunotherapy within 6 months. (bvsalud.org)
Furthermore, immunotherapy has revolutionized the management of melanoma, specifically, with inhibition of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed death-1 (PD-1), which is expressed on lymphocytes, and programmed death ligand-1, which is expressed on tumor cells. (medscape.com)

T lymphocytes are cells of the immune system that attack and destroy virus-infected cells, tumor cells and cells from transplanted organs. (wikipedia.org)
In other instances, the normal peptide is presented at the cell surface and consequently the T lymphocytes that recognize the antigen have been eliminated by the central tolerance process that occurs in the thymus. (wikipedia.org)
Human primary tumor cells could also be reprogrammed to increase their capability to present antigen and to activate patient-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. (lu.se)
In these pioneering studies by Steven Rosenberg, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were isolated from patients with melanoma, then activated and expanded before reinfusion into the patients. (nature.com)
Preclinical models predict that blockade of the coinhibitory molecule cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) on lymphocytes results in the release of a cell cycle inhibitory checkpoint, allowing lymphocyte proliferation, tumor targeting, and regression. (snmjournals.org)
Despite occasional cases of expansion of melanoma-specific T cells ( 14 , 15 ), the bulk of the data suggest that there is no detectable expansion of tumor antigen-specific lymphocytes, in particular when focusing on CD8+ T-cell responses. (snmjournals.org)
This review will discuss the metabolic changes that drive T cells into different stages of their development and how the TME imposes barriers to the metabolism and activity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. (elifesciences.org)
Background Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is a promising immunotherapeutic approach for patients with advanced solid tumors. (bmj.com)
I. Evaluate the safety and efficacy of adoptively transferred cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) targeting melanoma tumors combined with anti-CTLA4. (survivornet.com)
In the context of cancer, appropriately activated DCs can induce anti-tumor immunity by activating innate immune cells and tumor-specific lymphocytes that target cancer cells. (mdpi.com)
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy is a type of adoptive cellular therapy by harvesting infiltrated lymphocytes from tumors, culturing and amplifying them in vitro and then infusing back to treat patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Currently, the most widely-used TIL production method is to isolate infiltrating lymphocytes from tumor tissues and then culture and expand these cells in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
PURPOSE: Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) historically yields a 40%-50% response rate in metastatic melanoma. (bvsalud.org)

Enforced expression of the transcription factors PU.1, IRF8, and BATF3 (PIB) was sufficient to induce the cDC1 phenotype in 36 cell lines derived from human and mouse hematological and solid tumors. (lu.se)
Investigators have been enthusiastic about the use of active immunization for patients with solid tumors because of an over-reliance on surrogate and subjective endpoints, such as histologic evidence of tumor necrosis or lymphocyte infiltration, rather than objective cancer regressions. (alphavax.com)
PRAME (preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma), a member of the cancer-testis antigen family, has been shown to have increased expression in solid tumors. (pipelinereview.com)
Its diverse TCR clonality, superior tumor-homing ability, and low off-target toxicity endow TIL therapy unique advantages in treating solid tumors compared with other adoptive cellular therapies. (biomedcentral.com)

Several incidental uptakes of 18F-fluciclovine in other tumour types have been described in the literature so far - in breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. (muni.cz)
Patients with oral malignant melanoma often recall having an existing oral pigmentation months to years before diagnosis, and the condition may even have elicited prior comment from examining physicians and dentists (or healthcare providers, when considering the auxiliaries). (medscape.com)
Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer, which initiates in the pigment-producing cells called melanocytes. (lu.se)
Our results also show that acquired BRAF-inhibitor (BRAFi) resistance leads to increased expression of HuR and WNT5A in malignant melanoma cells, and simultaneous therapeutic inhibition of HuR function and WNT5A signaling could be an efficient treatment strategy to impair the invasive migration of BRAFi-resistant melanomas. (lu.se)

Insight into the mechanisms of anti-tumor immunity has generated great enthusiasm for the treatment of patients with advanced melanoma. (nih.gov)
However, the specific contribution of Trm cells to anti-tumor immunity is incompletely understood. (lifeboat.com)
As T cell metabolism dictates effector function, it is now apparent that the effect of cancer cell metabolism on the tumor microenvironment (TME) may impair anti-tumor immunity, and these new hallmarks of cancer are therefore inextricably linked. (elifesciences.org)
In contrast, ACT expands a patient's own T cells ex vivo to direct anti-tumor immunity when transfused back into the patient. (elifesciences.org)
We have developed genetic and genomics approaches to explain the large variance in anti-tumor immunity across people, and to discover how tumors evolve to resist productive immunity. (massgeneral.org)

PRAME was first identified as a tumor-associated antigen through analysis of the specificity of tumor-reactive T-cell clones derived from a patient with metastatic cutaneous melanoma. (pipelinereview.com)
Subsequently, it has been shown that PRAME is expressed in many malignant neoplasms, including cutaneous melanoma, breast carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and leukemia, whereas normal healthy tissues express minimal or no PRAME , with the exception of the testis and endometrium. (pipelinereview.com)

By injecting the antibodies in a subcutaneous slow-release delivery formulation in the tumor area, we show that an eight-fold lower dose of antibody is as effective in inducing tumor eradication as systemic delivery. (aacrjournals.org)
In the setting of cancer, instead of eliciting effector pathways that would lead to tumor elimination, these antibodies might promote down-regulation of the cellular inflammatory responses to the tumor. (scirp.org)
Monoclonal antibodies blocking CTLA4 induce regression of immunogenic tumors in mice ( 8 ) and are being pursued as a treatment approach for patients with cancer. (snmjournals.org)
The emerging clinical data suggest that a subset of patients with metastatic melanoma treated with CTLA4-blocking antibodies, in the range of 5%−15%, achieve durable objective tumor responses. (snmjournals.org)
There has been a great deal of interest shown in defining the mechanisms by which anti-CTLA4 antibodies induce tumor regressions in humans. (snmjournals.org)
He completed his general surgery residency at Harvard University's Brigham and Women's Hospital and a tumor immunology post-doctorate fellowship in the laboratory of Dr. Steven Rosenberg in the Surgery Branch of the NIH/NCI, during which time he was first author on many of the initial phase I/II trials utilizing anti-CTLA4 antibodies. (ucsf.edu)
Host Response to Tumors The immune response to foreign antigens consists of Humoral mechanisms (eg, antibodies) Cellular mechanisms (See also Tumor Antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
The combination of Cytotoxic T-Lymphozyte Antigen-4 (CTLA‑4) and Programmed death-1 (PD‑1) antibodies and the combination of BRAF and MEK inhibitors are the current clinical standards for combination immune and targeted therapy for melanoma, respectively. (springermedizin.at)

8-10 Long-lasting protective immunity relies on the efficient establishment of long-lived memory CD8 + T cells, which have the potential to eradicate primary and disseminated tumors. (lifeboat.com)
Antitumor immunity elicited by tumor-APCs was synergistic with immune checkpoint inhibitors. (lu.se)
CEA-specific humoral immunity was seen in all patients. (alphavax.com)
Therapeutic Mechanism Destruction of host tumor stem cells by adaptive humoral cellular immunity will eradicate the origin of melanoma which will extend patient survival. (ca.gov)
Adoptive cellular therapy transmits the sensitized T cells to patients with low cellular immune function, which helps patients obtain antitumor immunity. (hindawi.com)
How does immunity against the body develop, in particular, in patients with autoimmune lupus? (massgeneral.org)
In their review " Natural and Adaptive Immunity to Cancer ", Vesely and colleagues draw from recent mouse models of cancer and human clinical data to describe how cells, effector molecules, and pathways of the immune system act to suppress and control tumor cells. (massgenomics.org)

Whereas each T cell recognizes a single antigen, collectively the T cells are endowed with a large diversity of receptors targeted at a wide variety of antigens. (wikipedia.org)
There a process named central tolerance eliminates the T cells that have a receptor recognizing an antigen present on normal cells of the organism. (wikipedia.org)
This enables the T cells to eliminate cells with "foreign" or "abnormal" antigens without harming the normal cells. (wikipedia.org)
It has long been debated whether cancer cells were bearing "tumor-specific" antigens, absent from normal cells, which could in principle cause the elimination of the tumor by the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
Hence, a new antigen is present only on the tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
The recognition of mutation-induced antigens on tumors by T cells is only one aspect of a more general phenomenon which can rightly be named: T cell immunosurveillance of the integrity of the genome. (wikipedia.org)
Any somatic mutation has a probability of producing a new antigen that can be recognized by T cells. (wikipedia.org)
Some genes are expressed by tumor cells and not by normal cells. (wikipedia.org)
A class of genes, named cancer-germline genes, is expressed in a large variety of cancer cells but not in normal cells, with the exception of germline cells, which do not carry MHC molecules on their surface and therefore do not present the antigens. (wikipedia.org)
Antigenic peptides derived from the encoded proteins are therefore presented on the surface of tumor cells and not on normal cells. (wikipedia.org)
In some patients, the majority of the tumor-specific T cells recognize mutated antigens. (wikipedia.org)
TIMER was used to evaluate the connection between candidate antigens and infiltration of antigen-presenting cells. (frontiersin.org)
Ipilimumab is able to inhibit the effects of CTLA-4 on T cells and allows the expansion of naturally developed melanoma-specific cytotoxic T-cells. (medscape.com)
Here, we demonstrated that intradermal administration of clinically relevant vaccines efficiently induces Trm cells specific for tumor-specific and self-antigens that accumulate in vaccinated and non-vaccinated skin. (lifeboat.com)
Interestingly, vaccination-induced Trm cells strongly suppress the growth of melanoma, independently of circulating CD8 T cells, and were able to infiltrate melanoma tumors. (lifeboat.com)
Emerging evidence indicates that Trm cells develop in human solid cancers and play a key role in controlling tumor growth. (lifeboat.com)
Decreased antigen presentation contributes to the ability of cancer cells to evade the immune system. (lu.se)
We used the minimal gene regulatory network of type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) to reprogram cancer cells into professional antigen-presenting cells (tumor-APCs). (lu.se)
Within 9 days of reprogramming, tumor-APCs acquired transcriptional and epigenetic programs associated with cDC1 cells. (lu.se)
Reprogramming restored the expression of antigen presentation complexes and costimulatory molecules on the surfaces of tumor cells, allowing the. (lu.se)
Our approach serves as a platform for the development of immunotherapies that endow cancer cells with the capability to process and present endogenous tumor antigens. (lu.se)
Reprogramming cancer cells to antigen-presenting cells. (lu.se)
The main target and effector cells of the CTLA-4 blockade treatment in the studied tumor models are tumor-specific endogenous CD8 + T cells that are capable of eradicating also distant tumors, whereas CD4 + T cells do not play a prominent role in the antibody-mediated tumor eradication. (aacrjournals.org)
NK cells coordinate tumor immunosurveillance and the immune response against pathogens. (scielo.br)
In the first published gene therapy clinical trial, TILs engineered to express a foreign gene with a retrovirus to mark the infused cells were safely transferred to patients. (nature.com)
In 1989, Zelig Eshhar and colleagues realized that the inability of T cells to recognize surface tumour antigens could be overcome by replacing domains of the T cell receptor (TCR) with antibody parts with specificity towards proteins on these cells. (nature.com)
They combined the variable region of an antibody with the constant regions of the TCR chains, thus producing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that provided T cells with antibody-type specificity. (nature.com)
The T cells expressing CARs recognized and eliminated target cells, and produced interleukin 2 in the presence of the antigen, providing a proof of concept that this approach triggers a cellular immune response. (nature.com)
Physiologic recognition of tumour antigens by T cells is mediated by the TCR-CD3 complex. (nature.com)
In 2010, James Kochenderfer and colleagues achieved a breakthrough with a CAR T cell therapy, reporting tumour regression in a patient with advanced follicular lymphoma, who received two infusions of autologous T cells genetically engineered to express a CAR specifically recognizing the antigen CD19 expressed on B cells. (nature.com)
The finding that CAR T cells had activity in patients advanced the field of ACT, which saw dramatic progress in the following years and remarkable results in B-cell malignancies, including paediatric and adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), aggressive B cell lymphomas, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and multiple myeloma treated with CD19 CAR T cells. (nature.com)
In 2017, two studies - the phase II ZUMA-1 trial led by Sattva Neelapu and a case-series study led by Carl June - validated the efficacy of CD19 CAR T cells in patients with refractory B-cell leukaemia and lymphoma. (nature.com)
Another ACT developed in parallel to CAR T cells is engineering T cells to express TCRs that recognize tumour-associated antigens. (nature.com)
In 2006, Rosenberg and colleagues transferred TCR T cells specifically recognizing the melanoma antigen MART-1 in 15 patients, two of whom achieved regression and still showed high levels of engineered cells in circulation one year after the infusion. (nature.com)
This was the first clinical use of TCR T cell therapy, and although initial studies had demonstrated the feasibility and safety of introducing engineered T cells in patients, this trial also showed their remarkable efficiency. (nature.com)
Other successful studies quickly followed, such as those demonstrating sustained complete and partial responses in patients with melanoma and treatment of synovial cell sarcoma with TCR T cells against the NY-ESO-1 antigen. (nature.com)
The company is hoping BNT111, which used a fixed combination of mRNA-encoded, tumor-associated antigens to target the cancer cells, will demonstrate the same kind of success as the COVID-19 vaccine. (biospace.com)
The cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) is a coinhibitory activation-induced surface receptor on T cells that functions as a major negative regulator of anti-self-immune responses. (snmjournals.org)
It provides a dominant negative signaling to T cells on binding to the costimulatory molecules CD80 (B7.1) and CD86 (B7.2) expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells ( 1 ). (snmjournals.org)
Cell surface CTLA4 has 100-1,000 times higher affinity for the costimulatory molecules expressed by antigen-presenting cells, thereby efficiently competing with the positive costimulatory receptor CD28 ( 1 ). (snmjournals.org)
Newswise - HOUSTON -- Treating T cells harvested from a patient with a combination of an epigenetic drug and a cytokine while expanding the cells in the lab re-programs them into a stronger T cell type that persists longer than its comrades, researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center report in Cancer Immunology Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. (newswise.com)
Central memory T cells do almost all the things you want - they persist because they have high replicative and proliferative capacity, and they have inducible cell-killing capacity so what they see they kill very well," says senior author Cassian Yee, M.D., professor of Melanoma Medical Oncology . (newswise.com)
Present cellular therapies include chimeric antigen receptor T cells - genetically modified to attack a specific target and used to treat B cell blood cancers - and tumor-infiltrating leukocytes harvested from tumors used to treat melanoma. (newswise.com)
Yee and colleagues are developing another technique, endogenous T cells, which identifies and harvests tumor-attacking T cells in the blood. (newswise.com)
All three techniques rely on expanding the T cells in the lab before re-infusing them into patients. (newswise.com)
Cellular therapies produce mainly effector CD8-positive T cells that are fully differentiated to attack cells bearing specific antigens. (newswise.com)
Yee, first author Junmei Wang, Ph.D., instructor in Melanoma Medical Oncology, and colleagues showed that the combination therapy re-programs these effector T cells into central memory cells. (newswise.com)
Therapeutic Candidate or Device Cryopreserved autologous TRAC locus 1XX BCMA-CAR T cells Indication Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma Therapeutic Mechanism Engineered T cells target and kill BCMA+ Myeloma cells Unmet Medical Need No durable treatments are available for RRMM and only ~30% of patients can access current BCMA CAR therapies. (ca.gov)
It was shown that PRAME-specific CD8+ T cells isolated from healthy individuals and patients with advanced melanoma were able to recognize and lyse cells expressing HLA class I and high levels of PRAME . (pipelinereview.com)
Cancer/testis antigen MAGEC2 (also known as HCA587) is highly expressed in a wide variety of tumors and plays an active role in promoting growth and metastasis of tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Co-immunoprecipitation assay was applied for detecting the endogenous interaction of MAGEC2 and TRIM28 in tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrate that MAGEC2 interacts with TRIM28 in melanoma cells and MAGEC2 expression in tumor cells depends on the expression of TRIM28. (biomedcentral.com)
The expression level of MAGEC2 protein was significantly reduced when TRIM28 was depleted in tumor cells, and no changes were observed in MAGEC2 mRNA level. (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanistic studies indicate that the regulatory role of TRIM28 on MAGEC2 protein expression in tumor cells depends on proteasome-mediated pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we found that expression of MAGEC2 protein in tumor cells depends on the expression of TRIM28, a reduction in the level of endogenous TRIM28 expression in melanoma cells resulting in significantly decreased expression of MAGEC2 protein. (biomedcentral.com)
However, many patients fail to respond to these therapies, and metabolic barriers imposed on T cells by the TME may contribute. (elifesciences.org)
We will then examine how tumor cells create a toxic milieu for T cells that enter the TME. (elifesciences.org)
Methods We analyzed infused TIL products from metastatic melanoma patients previously treated with ACT for the presence of neoantigen-specific T cells. (bmj.com)
Conclusions Despite methods which often focus on CD8+T cells, our study supports the importance of prospective identification of neoantigen-specific CD4 + T cells within TIL products as they are a potent source of tumor-specific effectors. (bmj.com)
Therapeutics of this nature capitalize on the exquisite specificity of antibody biologics to directly target tumor cells with cytotoxic agents (for example, ADCs) or indirectly target tumor cells by actively recruiting other immune cells (such as T-cells and macrophages) via multi-specific antibody formats. (news-medical.net)
Even more precise targeting is on the horizon: for example, technologies that limit antibody activity to the tumor microenvironment and reduce cytotoxic activity in healthy tissue, resulting in a holistic attack on tumor cells with minimal adverse effects. (news-medical.net)
Compared to traditional chemotherapy, immuno-oncological therapies provide a more indirect attack on tumor cells which generally results in fewer side effects, making the treatment itself more tolerable from a quality of life perspective. (news-medical.net)
Many tumor cells produce antigens, which may be released in the bloodstream or remain on the cell surface. (msdmanuals.com)
Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are relatively restricted to tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) are unique to tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
However, several antigens with selective expression on the surface of tumor cells are not associated with the major histocompatibility complex and may be candidates for therapeutic targeting. (msdmanuals.com)
References Many tumor cells produce antigens, which may be released in the bloodstream or remain on the cell surface. (msdmanuals.com)
So, before you thought about exploring basic immunology in the context of cancer, you were initially focused on just the basic immunology side of the equation, looking at how T cells see regular or infected cells and their antigens? (cancerresearch.org)
Yeah, my work has led me to cancer neoantigens, but it started at the much more fundamental level of how antigens are presented by cells infected by viruses, and how these cells are then recognized by T cells. (cancerresearch.org)
These MHC-bound antigens are what T cells-via their T cell receptors (TCRs)-interact with to determine if a cell is healthy or not. (cancerresearch.org)
This phase II trial studies the side effects and how well white blood cells taken from person's own (autologous) cluster of differentiation (CD)8+ antigen-specific T cells, cyclophosphamide, aldesleukin, and ipilimumab work in treating patients with melanoma that has spread to another place in the body. (survivornet.com)
Autologous CD8+ antigen-specific T cells are white blood cells that are designed in the laboratory to find melanoma cells and may kill them. (survivornet.com)
Biological therapies, such as aldesleukin, use substances made from living organisms that may stimulate the immune system in different ways and stop tumor cells from growing. (survivornet.com)
Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as cyclophosphamide, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. (survivornet.com)
Giving autologous CD8+ antigen-specific T cells with cyclophosphamide, aldesleukin, and ipilimumab may be an effective treatment for patients with metastatic melanoma. (survivornet.com)
Evaluate the influence of anti-CTLA4 on the induction of T cells to non-targeted tumor-associated antigens (antigen-spreading) following adoptive transfer antigen-specific CTL, and the correlation of these responses with clinical outcome. (survivornet.com)
Patients then receive autologous CD8+ melanoma-specific T cells IV over 30-60 minutes on day 0, aldesleukin subcutaneously (SC) twice daily (BID) on days 0-13 and ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on days 1, 22, 43, and 64 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. (survivornet.com)
Recent findings show how T cells exert selection pressures on a tumor, influencing its genetic composition and future susceptibility to the immune system. (massgeneral.org)
The idea that the immune system might recognize and destroy tumor cells was conceived 50-100 years ago. (massgenomics.org)
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that have a notable role in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. (mdpi.com)
PeptiCRAd uses immunogenic viruses as active carriers of tumour-specific peptides to direct the immune system to specifically target and kill cancer cells. (helsinki.fi)
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) expanded TILs had the predominant CD8 + phenotype and the capacity to lyse cells of the cultured autologous tumour. (tmu.edu.tw)
Using single-cell RNA sequencing data, the researchers analyzed thousands of melanoma cells from more than 30 melanoma patients, half of which had exhibited resistance to immunotherapies. (broadinstitute.org)
Abnormal cells typically have substances on their surfaces, called antigens, that enable T cells to home in and destroy them. (broadinstitute.org)
But the resistant tumor cells are able to reduce their antigen levels and hide from the immune system. (broadinstitute.org)
Expression of ELFN1, NGFR, and PDE1C was mainly found in cancer-associated fibroblasts and endothelial cells in tumor tissues across different cancer types in publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing datasets, suggesting a role for elements of the tumor microenvironment in defining the outcome of TIL therapy. (bvsalud.org)
Therefore, it is of importance to identify the molecular mechansims that drive metastasis of melanoma cells. (lu.se)
High expression of wingless-type MMTV integration site family 5A (WNT5A) has been reported in melanoma and correlates with increased migration and invasion of melanoma cells. (lu.se)
In this thesis, we investigate that WNT5A and interleukin-6 (IL-6) form a positive feedback loop, which accelerates the invasive property of melanoma cells. (lu.se)

Therapies that target these negative regulator checkpoints, such as those directed against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 receptor (PD-1), have demonstrated promising clinical results. (nih.gov)
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is widely used in the treatment of melanomas, especially those with negative regulators, such as T-lymphocyte associated protein-4 (CTLA-4), programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1), and the ligands of PD-1 (PD-L1). (jmir.org)
Anticytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) is a humanized antibody that overcomes CTLA-4-mediated T-cell suppression to enhance the immune response against tumors. (medscape.com)
The field of Lymphocyte Surface Antigens and Activation Mechanisms is examined in two chapters. (scielo.br)
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) (also known as CD152) is a major negative regulator of T cell responses which interacts with the B7-1 (CD80) / B7-2 (CD86) ligands on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell. (scielo.br)
Evidence has recently been obtained that two very different recombinatorial systems for lymphocyte antigen receptor diversification appeared at the beginning of vertebrate evolution approximately 500 million years ago. (scielo.br)
Jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) generate a diverse repertoire of B and T cell antigen receptors through the rearrangement of immunoglobulin V, D, and J gene fragments, whereas jawless fish (agnathans) assemble diverse lymphocyte antigen receptor genes through the genomic rearrangement of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) - encoding molecules. (scielo.br)
The establishment and characterisation of paired autologous tumour cell line (MST-1) and tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) culture from a tumour mass of a 14-year-old Taiwanese girl with soft tissue melanoma are described. (tmu.edu.tw)
Flow cytometric analysis of the tumour DNA content showed an index of 1.8 relative to normal peripheral blood lymphocyte DNA. (tmu.edu.tw)
In addition, the advent of immunotherapies, specifically, agents that target cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4, anti-programmed death-1, and programmed death ligand-1, has increased the potential therapeutic options available to patients with both systemic and brain disease. (medscape.com)

ABSTRACT The study's objective was to evaluate the clinical significance of sCD40L in HCV- associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCV-HCC) patients. (who.int)
SEE NAMCS PATIENT DATASET NAMES FOR DSN ABSTRACT General Information This material provides documentation for users of the Micro-Data tapes of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. (cdc.gov)
DSN: CC37.NAMCS90.PATIENTS ABSTRACT This material provides documentation for users of the Micro-Data tapes of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. (cdc.gov)

Genetic processes other than point mutations can lead to tumor-specific antigens. (wikipedia.org)
The contribution of these antigens to tumor immunogenicity is expected to vary according to the mutation rate: higher in lung carcinomas arising in tobacco smokers, in melanomas owing to mutations induced by UV and in the 15% of colorectal carcinomas that have hypermutated DNA owing to defects in the DNA mismatch repair pathway. (wikipedia.org)
and a growing number of biologic agents for targeted therapy, such as BRAF and MEK inhibitors (eg, vemurafenib, dabrafenib, trametinib), which are used for melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutations. (medscape.com)
Additionally, it is approved for adjuvant therapy in combination with trametinib for melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutations and involvement of lymph node(s), following complete resection. (medscape.com)
It is indicated as a single agent or in combination with dabrafenib for unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutations confirmed by with the THxID BRAF mutation test. (medscape.com)
The combination of vemurafenib and cobimetinib with the PD-L1 blocking antibody atezolizumab (NCT02908672, Trilogy) as well as the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib with the PD‑1 blocking antibody spartalizumab (NCT02967692, Combi-I) are currently being tested in phase III trials in patients with BRAF mutations and in comparison to the respective BRAF/MEK inhibitor combination. (springermedizin.at)
MCPyV in tumor cell genomes, tumor-associated mutations search Ethics Board, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, and in the large T-antigen (T-ag) gene, and large T-ag expres- by the Baylor College of Medicine Institutional Review sion in tumors suggest that MCPyV is not only associated Board, Houston. (cdc.gov)
During the past decade, advancement within the field of genomics has led to the identification of melanoma-specific mutations, namely, v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B and neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog, as well as to the development of agents that target these driver mutations. (medscape.com)
Recently, emergence of novel genomic techniques-whole-exome and next-generation sequencing-has enabled the identification of driver mutations in melanoma. (medscape.com)

Particularly, negative regulators of the immune system, called immunologic checkpoints, have been found to play important roles in restraining otherwise effective anti-tumor immunologic responses. (nih.gov)
It is now proven that tumor-specific antigens exist and that patients mount spontaneous T cell responses against such antigens. (wikipedia.org)
In cancer patients, about one half of the highly tumor-specific antigens recognized by spontaneous T cell responses are encoded by mutated genes, the other half being encoded by cancer-germline genes. (wikipedia.org)
Healthy humans develop spontaneous CD8+ T cell responses to melanoma associated antigens (MA) expressed by normal melanocytes. (mdpi.com)
Previously, we showed immune-related adverse events (IRAE) and objective, durable clinical responses in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with CTLA-4 blockade. (nih.gov)
In patients with metastatic melanoma, ipilimumab can induce durable objective clinical responses, which are related to the induction of IRAEs. (nih.gov)
Moreover, clinically applicable vaccination strategies that efficiently establish Trm cell responses remain largely unexplored and are expected to strongly protect against tumors. (lifeboat.com)
Here we demonstrated that a single intradermal administration of gene- or protein-based vaccines efficiently induces specific Trm cell responses against models of tumor-specific and self-antigens, which accumulated in vaccinated and distant non-vaccinated skin. (lifeboat.com)
Vaccination strategies eliciting CTL responses specific for tumor-specific and self-antigens have shown promising results in recent clinical trials. (lifeboat.com)
Data from an exploratory analysis of the ongoing Phase 1 Lipo-MERIT monotherapy dose-escalation trial, the company has shown that BNT111 induces novel antigen-specific anti-tumor immune responses. (biospace.com)
Also, the trial data revealed that BNT111 enhanced pre-existing immune responses against the encoded melanoma-associated antigens. (biospace.com)
In collaboration with the Duke University Medical Center in a Phase I/II clinical trial in patients with Stage IV CEA-expressing colon cancer, we found that treatment with our CEA alphavaccine resulted in two key outcomes: (i) the vaccine was able to "break self-tolerance" and (ii) a trend for enhanced survival in patients in the high-dose cohort with measurable T cell responses. (alphavax.com)
Stage III) to test the hypothesis that the vaccine elicits clinically relevant CEA-specific immune responses of greater magnitude and frequency than those measured in the Stage IV patients. (alphavax.com)
Most humoral responses cannot prevent tumor growth. (msdmanuals.com)

Most of the currently approved immuno-oncological therapeutics aim to enhance the immune response rather than directly target a specific tumor antigen. (news-medical.net)
Experimental investigation has revealed the presence of specific tumor antigens in laboratory animals. (iptq.com)
The traditional procedure of TIL production is assayed for specific tumor recognition and usually takes 6-8 weeks. (biomedcentral.com)

Adoptive cellular therapy, especially chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, has gained unprecedented success among hematologic tumors [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
I. Evaluate the influence of anti-CTLA4 on the duration of in vivo persistence and anti-tumor efficacy achieved following adoptive transfer of antigen-specific CTL. (survivornet.com)
TIL therapy is a type of adoptive cellular therapy leveraging the patient's own immune system to treat tumors. (biomedcentral.com)

immune checkpoint blockade is widely used in the treatment of melanoma because of its remarkable efficacy. (jmir.org)
This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research conducted in recent decades on immune checkpoint blockade for melanoma, while exploring research trends and public interest in this topic. (jmir.org)
We summarized the articles in the Web of Science Core Collection on immune checkpoint blockade for melanoma in each year from 1999 to 2020. (jmir.org)
This study revealed trends in research and public interest in immune checkpoint blockade for melanoma. (jmir.org)
In the ongoing Phase II study in patients with anti-PD1-refractory/relapsed unresectable Stage III or IV melanoma, BNT111 is paired with Libtayo , a checkpoint inhibitor developed by Regeneron and Sanofi . (biospace.com)
The Fast Track Designation underlines the potential of our FixVac platform to address current treatment challenges of pre-treated and immune checkpoint blocker experienced melanoma with limited standard of care therapy options left. (biospace.com)
The in-vivo data demonstrated a synergistic improvement in tumour clearance when checkpoint inhibitors were combined with Valo Tx's platform. (helsinki.fi)
Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are common in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic melanoma and other advanced malignancies. (bvsalud.org)

One was a report on the SWOG S1616 trial , which was a trial of ipilimumab (ipi) with nivolumab (nivo) at what we call standard doses vs ipi alone in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma who had not responded to anti-PD-1 therapy. (medscape.com)
It is indicated for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic melanoma in adults and adolescents aged 12 y or older. (medscape.com)
It is also used off-label in previously untreated patients with BRAF V600 wild-type, unresectable or metastatic melanoma in combination with nivolumab. (medscape.com)
It is indicated as a single agent for unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600 E mutation. (medscape.com)
It is indicated in combination with trametinib for BRAF V600E or V600K mutation-positive unresectable or metastatic melanoma. (medscape.com)
It is indicated as first-line treatment for unresectable or metastatic melanoma. (medscape.com)
Pembrolizumab (Keytruda), a humanized monoclonal anti-PD-1 antibody, is the first anti-PD-1 antibody approved by the FDA for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer [ 4 - 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

Cancer-germline genes are an important source of tumor-specific antigens. (wikipedia.org)

Mutated genes contribute greatly to the immunogenicity of human tumors. (wikipedia.org)
These genes are expressed in a significant fraction of tumors of many different histological types. (wikipedia.org)
AP) -- The Supreme Court on Monday threw out a lower court ruling allowing human genes to be patented, a topic of enormous interest to cancer researchers, patients and drug makers. (medicalxpress.com)
As well, patients who developed cancer-associated cachexia showed expression of genes like the melanoma-associated antigen 6 MAGEA6 and matrix metalloproteinases, such as ADAMTS3. (auntminnie.com)
p21 and other tumor suppressor genes' inactivation are therefore most likely involved in the first steps of the cancer model, with later stages possibly involving protooncogene activation and inflammation. (medscape.com)

Transfusion of autologous tumor-specific CTLs 1-4 and blockade of T cell inhibitory receptors 5-7 have demonstrated to elicit durable clinical benefit in a significant proportion of patients with melanoma, leukemia, lymphoma and other cancers, who failed to respond to conventional treatments. (lifeboat.com)
Molecular imaging with the PET probe 18 F-FLT allows mapping and noninvasive imaging of cell proliferation in secondary lymphoid organs after CTLA4 blockade in patients with metastatic melanoma. (snmjournals.org)
Predicting tumor response to PD-1 blockade. (msdmanuals.com)
Genetic basis for clinical response to CTLA-4 blockade in melanoma. (msdmanuals.com)

Recent data from pivotal studies have demonstrated that roughly up to 35% (for BRAF/MEK inhibitors) and 50% (for Ipi/Nivo) of first-line patients treated with these combinations are still alive after 5 years. (springermedizin.at)

A total of 91 patients were ultimately treated who either got ipilimumab alone at 3 mg/kg, which is, I would say, a relatively standard dose, vs so-called standard-dose ipi/nivo with ipi at 3 mg/kg and nivo at 1 mg/kg during the induction, followed by up to 2 years of nivolumab at 480 mg every 4 weeks intravenously. (medscape.com)
A total of 139 patients with metastatic melanoma were treated: 54 patients received ipilimumab in conjunction with peptide vaccinations and 85 patients were treated with intra-patient dose escalation of ipilimumab and randomized to receive peptides in accordance with HLA-A*0201 status. (nih.gov)
this research included working in trials that led to the Food and Drug Administration approval of Ipilimumab as a new treatment for metastatic melanoma. (ucsf.edu)
The distribution of grade 3-4 neurologic ir-AEs frequency was 0.7% among patients receiving anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab and tremelimumab), 0.4% among patients receiving anti-PD1 (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, lambrolizumab, and pidilizumab), and 0.7% among patients receiving a combination therapy (anti-CTLA-4 + anti-PD1) [ 20 ]. (hindawi.com)

However, although treatment with TILs was effective in some tumours (such as melanoma), the lack of specificity and the difficulty in recruiting TILs from most other cancer types compromised the therapeutic potential. (nature.com)
Therapeutic Mechanism Bone marrow transplants are standard of care for AIDS-lymphoma patients providing a cure for the patient's lymphoma. (ca.gov)
Therapeutic Candidate or Device The therapeutic candidate is a patient specific (autologous) induced pluripotent stem cell derived retinal pigment epithelium (AiPSC-RPE) product. (ca.gov)
Therapeutic Candidate or Device Allogeneic iPSC derived dopamine progenitors delivered to the brain of Parkinson's disease patients Indication Idiopathic Parkinson's disease Therapeutic Mechanism The cellular product reconstitutes dopaminergic neuron circuits lost owing to the disease Unmet Medical Need There are currently disease modifying therapies. (ca.gov)
Valo Therapeutics Limited (Valo Tx), an immuno-oncology company developing tumour antigen-coated oncolytic viruses as therapeutic vaccines, today announced it had received additional funding, triggered by positive pre-clinical data, to progress its PeptiCRAd platform into first-in-human clinical trials. (helsinki.fi)
Michael Stein , CEO of Valo Tx, commented, "With our latest funding from existing investors, of EUR1.1m, we've now raised a total of over EUR 10m, which will enable us to further validate our platform to develop antigen-coated oncolytic viruses as therapeutic vaccines. (helsinki.fi)
[ 5 ] In this review, we discuss advances in the management approach to brain metastases in patients with melanoma and we highlight the current and potential therapeutic options for the management of this devastating disease. (medscape.com)

Next-generation therapeutics aim to combine the immunotherapeutic benefits of targeting checkpoints in concert with other non-immune chemotherapeutic strategies to provide a targeted assault on the tumor microenvironment. (news-medical.net)
However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) imposes different mechanisms that facilitate the impairment of DC functions, such as inefficient antigen presentation or polarization into immunosuppressive DCs. (mdpi.com)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed in hepatocellular carcinoma patients to evaluate the association between the expression of MAGEC2 and TRIM28. (biomedcentral.com)

While cancer immunology has been deeply studied in animal models, there remain many open questions in human tumor immunology. (massgeneral.org)

TILs were enriched on reactivity to neoantigen peptides derived and prioritized from patient sample-directed mutanome analysis. (bmj.com)

Nevertheless, the 5-year survival rate for nonmetastatic MIBC patients (75% of newly diagnosed bladder cancer) is only 36% - 48% after first-line treatment, while the 5-year relative survival is 5% - 36% in metastatic MIBC ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
Injection of in vitro generated melanoma-derived tumor-APCs into subcutaneous melanoma tumors delayed tumor growth and increased survival in mice. (lu.se)
Al-Sawaf's group conducted a study to explore whether there are any connections between the body composition and weight of patients with lung cancer and survival. (auntminnie.com)
The team found that patients with 20% or more loss of skeletal muscle or adipose tissue at the time they were diagnosed had lower lung-cancer specific and overall survival rates. (auntminnie.com)
A group in the Netherlands has built a radiomics model using FDG-PET scans that predicts disease-free survival odds in patients with relapsed lymphoma. (auntminnie.com)
To this end, Dr. Rosenberg and others developed a "Young TIL" approach that rapidly expands TIL for administration without in vitro selection for tumor reactivity [ 8 ], which markedly improves the timeliness of TIL production as well as its survival and efficacy in vivo (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
The 1- and 2-year recurrence-free survival rate was 100% and 92% for patients with any pathologic response, compared to 88% and 55% for patients who did not have a pathologic response (P = 0.005). (bvsalud.org)
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We investigated tumor-based genomic correlates of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and response to therapy by interrogating tumor samples initially collected to generate TIL infusion products. (bvsalud.org)
Median overall survival for these patients, if untreated, is approximately 3 months. (medscape.com)
With these advances, early trials have demonstrated improved overall survival in patients with brain metastases who receive these therapies either as single agents or as part of multimodality treatment regimens. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] Because this is typically a late complication of systemic disease, melanoma-related brain metastases have been associated with significant neurologic morbidity and a poor median overall survival, with treatment, of approximately 9 months. (medscape.com)
[ 2 ] Factors that predict survival include age, performance status, and the number of brain metastases, which are summarized as the melanoma-specific graded prognostic assessment. (medscape.com)
Early detection of tumors improves survival. (lu.se)

Injecting CTLA-4 blocking antibody in a slow-release formulation close to the tumor is an effective way of activating the antitumor T-cell response. (aacrjournals.org)

In addition to discovering and studying specific molecular and cellular mechanisms, we also address how and why the immune response (to tumors, pathogens or self) varies so dramatically across individuals. (massgeneral.org)

XP is a severe genetic disease carrying a very high predisposition to skin cancers caused by severe burns when patients are exposed to UV light. (bioworld.com)
The molecular identities of many tumor-associated antigens have been identified and this knowledge has provided a major stimulus for the development of new immunotherapies for the treatment of patients with cancers. (alphavax.com)
Retrospective analyses have linked body composition to outcomes across multiple solid tumor types, including breast, prostate and colorectal cancers," the team wrote. (auntminnie.com)
Brain metastases, as in other systemic cancers, such as lung or breast, remain a significant complication of melanoma. (medscape.com)

This occurs because each T cell is endowed with a highly specific receptor that can bind to an antigen present at the surface of another cell. (wikipedia.org)

Nevertheless, the successful application of TIL therapy currently is still limited to several types of tumors. (biomedcentral.com)

The treatment for bladder cancer is dependent on diagnosis via transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). (frontiersin.org)
However, most NMIBC patients will experience recurrence within 5 years, and a portion of patients will develop muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). (frontiersin.org)
At present, only a few areas of mRNA vaccine research have made progress, such as prostate cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma and so on ( 8 - 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
One can identify cancer reaching the bone when the patient has difficulty in walking, and experiences excessive pain or sudden fractures. (indiatimes.com)
The treatment for metastatic cancer is often different from the ones used for a normal tumour. (indiatimes.com)
Surgery is generally conducted among patients suffering from spinal cord compression caused by metastatic cancer. (indiatimes.com)
Your gift will help support our mission to end cancer and make a difference in the lives of our patients. (mdanderson.org)
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, which, on average, takes the lives of more than 63,000 people around the world each year. (biospace.com)
Libtayo, a monoclonal antibody, has previously been approved to treat metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, advanced basal cell carcinoma, and patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer whose tumors have high PD-L1 expression. (biospace.com)
• Cellectis SA , of Paris, announced that the Institut Gustave Roussy cancer center in Villejuif succeeded in inducing the correction of a mutation in a cell line isolated from a xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) patient by means of meganuclease-induced gene correction. (bioworld.com)
Promising safety and immunogenicity results from the Company's five Phase I clinical studies that evaluated four different alphavaccines, have provided a considerable knowledge base of immunologic information as well as a theoretical framework for immunization against cancer antigens. (alphavax.com)
Based on comparison to previously published results, the trial's principal investigator noted that the CEA alphavaccine compared favorably to treatment of similar patients with Erbitux, the current standard of care in treating colon cancer. (alphavax.com)
Under grants awarded by the Department of Defense and National Institutes of Health (NIH), he works on designing novel immunotherapies (treatments that harness the immune system to fight tumors), particularly for liver metastases from colon cancer. (ucsf.edu)
Assessing lung cancer sufferers' body composition with CT imaging can help clinicians determine whether patients have developed cancer-associated cachexia (CAC), and thus assess prognosis, according to a study published April 12 in Nature Medicine . (auntminnie.com)
Cancer-associated cachexia -- a condition that manifests as a loss of body weight, specifically of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue -- is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, wrote a team led by Dr. Othman Al-Sawaf of University College London Cancer Institute in the U.K. (auntminnie.com)
The research included 651 patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer who had been treated with surgery and systemic therapy, and it was part of the TRACERx Consortium (TRAcking non-small cell lung Cancer Evolution through therapy Rx) study. (auntminnie.com)
Of the total patient cohort, 291 had confirmed lung cancer relapse. (auntminnie.com)
The investigators also reported that those patients who developed cancer-associated cachexia at relapse of lung cancer and showed loss of fatty or muscle tissue or body-mass weight loss had particular tumor genomic and transcriptomic profiles compared with people who didn't develop these features -- specifically "inflammatory signaling" and "epithelial-mesenchymal transitional pathways," the team wrote. (auntminnie.com)
The results underscore CT's role in assessing patients with recurrent lung cancer, according to the investigators. (auntminnie.com)
To our knowledge, this is the first time to report the role of TRIM28 in regulating the expression of cancer/testis antigen MAGEC2. (biomedcentral.com)
Her clinical practice includes surgical treatments for all benign and malignant breast conditions, cancer high risk screening/reduction, and melanoma/cutaneous cancer. (stanford.edu)
Dr. Ly completed her Breast and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Fellowship at UCSF where she received extensive training in all aspects of breast and cutaneous cancer care as well as complex breast surgical techniques including nipple sparing mastectomy, oncoplastic surgery, wireless partial mastectomy, sentinel lymph node surgery, lymph node dissection, and melanoma/cutaneous cancer wide local excision. (stanford.edu)
18F-fluciclovine is a PET radiopharmaceutical used for the detection of recurrent prostate cancer in adult men after primary curative treatment with suspicion of recurrence based on elevated prostate-specific antigen level. (muni.cz)
Funding to support GMP adenovirus manufacture for a First-in-Human basket clinical trial in melanoma, lung cancer, and triple negative breast cancer. (helsinki.fi)
Our first clinical trial will target melanoma, lung cancer and triple negative breast cancer. (helsinki.fi)
To help translate our exceptional science into effective treatments for patients with cancer, we plan to complete a Series A by summer 2020. (helsinki.fi)
The availability of the soft tissue melanoma cell line, the SCID mouse xenograft tumour system as well as autologous TILs described herein would provide useful materials for identifying T-cell-defined antigens as well as a model system for devising individualised cancer biotherapeutic strategies. (tmu.edu.tw)
With additional data, we hope that the methods and specific combination therapy identified in our study could have a real benefit for patients," said co-senior author Benjamin Izar , an instructor in medicine and melanoma oncologist at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and postdoctoral fellow at the Broad Institute. (broadinstitute.org)
Melanoma is the third most common systemic cancer that leads to brain metastases. (medscape.com)
Clinical Validation of the Unparalleled Sensitivity of the Novel ADPS Technology-Based EGFR Mutation Assay in Patients with Operable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. (cdc.gov)
Temporal and Racial Trends in Prostate Specific Antigen Screening for US Men With Family History of Prostate Cancer. (cdc.gov)
Mainstreamed genetic testing of breast cancer patients: experience from a single surgeon's practice in a large US Academic Center. (cdc.gov)
Author Manuscript evaluated melanoma incidence among 139,991 non-Hispanic white transplants using linked U.S. transplant-cancer registry data (1987-2010). (cdc.gov)
Socioeconomic status, access to care, risk factor patterns, and stage at diagnosis for head and neck cancer among black and white patients. (who.int)

It can theoretically improve antigen presentation and enhance T-cell infiltrate. (medscape.com)
Again, in the tumors that don't have a T-cell infiltrate, this might be very useful. (medscape.com)
Patients with the BCS2 subtype were characterized as immune "cold" and exhibited upregulation of immunogenic cell death modulators, whereas patients with BCS1 and BCS3 were immune "hot" and had upregulation of immune checkpoints. (frontiersin.org)
CTL-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) can inhibit T-cell activation and helps maintain peripheral self-tolerance. (nih.gov)
In lymphomas I have conducted studies in rare aggressive primary cutaneous tumors such as gamma/delta T cell lymphoma (expanding the description of the epidermotropic variant) as well as more indolent entities such as lymphomatoid papulosis (type D) and CD4-positive small to medium size T cell lymphoproliferative disorders. (mdanderson.org)
This approach offers the advantage of targeting antigens not present on the cell surface. (nature.com)
We tested the role of whole-body molecular imaging in patients with advanced melanoma receiving the CTLA4-blocking antibody tremelimumab, allowing the analysis of changes in glucose metabolism using the PET probe 18 F-FDG and cell replication with the PET probe 3′-deoxy-3′- 18 F-fluorothymidine ( 18 F-FLT). (snmjournals.org)
CD4 + TIL demonstrated an effector T cell response with cytotoxicity toward autologous tumor in a major histocompatibility complex class II-dependent manner. (bmj.com)
My initial interest in the field revolved around wanting to understand the mechanisms that determine which pieces of viral proteins, known as antigens, are displayed on the cell surface by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. (cancerresearch.org)
Beginning 48 to 72 hours prior to T cell infusion, patients receive cyclophosphamide intravenously (IV) over 30-60 minutes. (survivornet.com)
In the 50 years that followed that experiment, we have treated more than 30,000 patients with all kinds of diseases, with which experience we have come to know the exact moment in which to introduce a given drug into the cell, after it has been duly permeabilized with insulin. (iptq.com)
BK virus, simian munohistochemical testing showed that 1 T-cell lymphoma virus 40, and JC virus DNA sequences have been detected expressed MCPyV T-antigen. (cdc.gov)
In this study, we investigated the presence of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) was fi rst described MCPyV in benign lymph nodes and malignant lymphomas in 2008 ( 1 ) as a new human virus associated with in patients from Canada. (cdc.gov)
After tumor excision from the patient, tumor is digested into small fragments or a single cell suspension and then expanded in culture with IL-2. (biomedcentral.com)
Immunostaining revealed that major melanoma-associated antigens, such as S100 protein, HMB-45, melanotransferrin, chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan, and the gangliosides GD2 and GD3, were consistently expressed by the tumour tissue, severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse xenograft and derived cell lines. (tmu.edu.tw)
In addition, we demonstrate that combined targeting of IL-6 signaling and WNT5A expression, using an anti-IL-6 antibody and a WNT5A antagonist peptide (Box5), respectively, more effectively reduces melanoma cell dissemination, as compared to each factor alone. (lu.se)
Moreover, we show that the RNA-binding protein human antigen R (HuR) drives melanoma cell motility, and targeting HuR with a specific HuR inhibitor, MS-444, significantly reduces melanoma cell migration. (lu.se)
Further analyses revealed that simultaneously targeting HuR, with MS-444, and WNT5A signaling, with Box5, reduces melanoma cell migration and invasion via two different and partially overlapping signaling pathways, which are PKC and PI3K-AKT. (lu.se)
Taken together, our results extend our knowledge about WNT5A regulation in melanoma and highlight the importance of HuR and WNT5A in melanoma cell migration and invasion. (lu.se)
The authors used artificial neural croarrays is to study changes in gene ex- .nature organ the tumor arose from, how big it networks (ANNs) to identify gene-ex- pression that accompany changes in is, and what it looks like after it has pression signatures associated with spe- cell physiology, such as during develop- been imbedded in wax and colored cific subtypes of tumors. (lu.se)
0 blue-cell tumors (SRBCTs), which type, 41 (including 7 expressed often masquerade as each other. (lu.se)
Some localized melanomas may result from azathioprine, which acts synergistically with ultraviolet radiation, while T-cell depleting induction therapies may promote late stage tumors. (cdc.gov)

of solid tumours, but research on the correlation between PRAME and TRAIL gene expression in leukaemia patients is rare. (karger.com)
Method: PRAME and TRAIL expression was detected in bone marrow samples from 80 newly diagnosed acute leukaemia (AL) patients and 40 chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients using TaqMan. (karger.com)
In melanoma, i have focused in acral lentiginous melanoma for which we described KIT mutation and protein expression status in a large series of cases and described TERT amplification in progression to metastasis. (mdanderson.org)
This observation and the expression of the major melanoma-associated antigens were all indicative of the melanocytic origin of MST-1 tumour. (tmu.edu.tw)
In contrast, the expression of ELFN1 was enriched in patients with unfavorable response, poor PFS and OS, whereas enhanced methylation of ELFN1 was observed in patients with favorable outcomes. (bvsalud.org)
Red not have the tumor-specific ex- with these dangerous drugs, rhab- represents relatively high expression level, whereas green pression pattern. (lu.se)

The diagnosis is oral melanoma. (medscape.com)
Tumors include Ewing sarcoma (EWS), neu- while Ewing sarcomas are aggres- roblastoma (NB), rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and Burkitt lym- rently used in tumor diagnosis do sive enough to warrant treatment phomas (BL, subset of non-Hodgkin lymphoma). (lu.se)
The study concluded that sCD40L is a valuable diagnostic tool in early diagnosis and screening for HCV and HCC as well as routine follow up of HCV cirrhosis patients. (who.int)

Unfortunately, not all patients respond to these therapies, and evaluation of biomarkers predictive of response is ongoing. (nih.gov)
Through immune system activation, immuno-oncological therapies take advantage of benefits such as breadth of response and memory to provide a more specific, targeted treatment option for patients. (news-medical.net)
In general, immuno-oncological therapies tend to benefit patients with late-stage disease, though recent clinical trials involving earlier immuno-oncological treatments are also promising. (news-medical.net)
The success of these therapies has stimulated research into novel drug combinations for melanoma, of which a large majority are based on combination with PD‑1 or PD-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) blocking drugs. (springermedizin.at)
Note: Low-dose cisplatin given as a radiation sensitizer or hormonal therapies do not exclude patients from study participation. (who.int)

Interestingly, patients with the BCS2 subtype had a better prognosis than other subtypes. (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, novel treatments are needed to improve the prognosis of BLCA patients. (frontiersin.org)
The timely and accurate identification of neurotoxicity helps clinicians detect and treat these complications early, thereby enhancing treatment efficiency and improving the prognosis of patients. (hindawi.com)

Assessment of serum IL-10 levels in HCV patients may provide a possible predictive marker for disease progression. (who.int)

One can know the lung is affected when the patient experiences shortness of breath. (indiatimes.com)

Notably, in the JCAR015 Phase 2 Clinical Trial (ROCKET) conducted by Juno Therapeutics, five patients died because of severe cerebral edema, causing the cessation of clinical trials by the FDA [ 22 ]. (hindawi.com)

Such combination immunotherapies offer great promise for patients that do not respond well to traditional chemotherapy. (news-medical.net)

The incidence rate for any grade ICIs-related neurologic ir-AEs in patients included in clinical trials has been reported to be approximately 3.8% to 12% [ 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
The cause of oral melanoma or melanoma of any mucosal surface remains unknown, and the incidence has remained stable for more than 25 years. (medscape.com)
The annual incidence of melanoma has increased over time, with brain metastases developing in 40% to 50% of patients with advanced melanoma. (medscape.com)
Recent data have shown an incidence of brain metastases in ≤ 50% of patients with metastatic melanoma. (medscape.com)
Melanoma exhibits increased incidence and aggressive behavior under transplant-related immunosuppression. (cdc.gov)
Whichever date is selected, the date of only: date of first consultation at the out- incidence should not be later than the date of patient clinic because of this malignancy. (who.int)

The duration of tumor response was not affected by the use of high-dose steroids for abrogation of treatment-related toxicities (P = 0.23). (nih.gov)
It is also indicated for adjuvant treatment of resected, high-risk stage 3 melanoma. (medscape.com)
Germany-based BioNTech is developing BNT111 as a potential treatment for advanced melanoma. (biospace.com)
A regulatory submission for approval of ART-123 in the treatment of DIC has been filed in Japan, while Artisan has initiated an 800-patient Phase IIb trial. (bioworld.com)
Unmet Medical Need There is no effective treatment for metastatic melanoma. (ca.gov)
Nevertheless, immuno-oncological treatment options tend to suffer from efficacy issues and patient-to-patient variability, suggesting additional development is required. (news-medical.net)
Patient was alive and well 3 years after treatment. (medscape.com)
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 3 months for up to 5 years. (survivornet.com)
For patients with more than a single brain metastasis, radiation therapy, including stereotactic radiosurgery and whole-brain radiation therapy, has been the mainstay of treatment. (medscape.com)
1. Patient has received neoadjuvant/adjuvant systemic chemotherapy for primary Stage IIIc2 or IV disease and has had a recurrence or PD within 6 months of completing chemotherapy treatment prior to entering the study. (who.int)

as many as two thirds of patients have a palpable breast tumor. (medscape.com)

Anatomy19

Organisms7

Diseases69

Chemicals and Drugs82

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment47

Phenomena and Processes36

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care12

Immunotherapy34

Lymphocytes13

Solid tumors4

Malignant Melanoma4

Anti-tumor immunity5

Cutaneous melanoma2

Antibodies8

Immunity7

Cells89

Lymphocyte10

Abstract3

Mutations9

Responses14

Specific tumor3

Adoptive3

Checkpoint8

Unresectable or metastatic melanoma7

Source of tumor-specific1

Genes5

Blockade4

Inhibitors1

Ipilimumab4

Therapeutic7

Microenvironment2

Hepatocellular carcinoma1

Immunology1

Peptides derived1

Survival13

Antitumor1

Immune response1

Cancers4

Receptor1

Types of tumors1

Cancer34

Cell22

Expression6

Diagnosis3

Therapies5

Prognosis3

Progression1

Lung1

Clinical trial1

Immunotherapies1

Incidence6

Treatment10

Breast tumor1