Melanoma cells cell dedifferentiation. Medical search. Frequent questions

In melanoma, downregulation of the lineage addiction oncogene microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is a hallmark of the proliferative-to-invasive phenotype switch, although how MITF promotes proliferation and suppresses invasion is poorly defined. (ox.ac.uk)
Here, we show that MITF is a lineage-restricted activator of the key lipogenic enzyme stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and that SCD is required for MITFHigh melanoma cell proliferation. (ox.ac.uk)
An early growth response transcription factor that has been implicated in regulation of CELL PROLIFERATION and APOPTOSIS. (harvard.edu)
In bone marrow stromal cell lines, endoglin was proven to stimulate proliferation. (faksignaling.com)
Our reporter assay indicates that the Smad1 and Smad2 kinase inhibitor Rigosertib signaling pathways is probably not appropriate for proliferation of chondrosarcoma cells. (faksignaling.com)
Nuclear survivin is related with proliferation when cytoplasmic survivin is associated with cell survival. (faksignaling.com)
Dong H, Zhu G, Tamada K, Chen L. B7-H1, a third member of the B7 family, co-stimulates T-cell proliferation and interleukin-10 secretion. (jscimedcentral.com)
Hatten ME, Shelanski ML. Mouse cerebellar granule neurons arrest the proliferation of human and rodent astrocytoma cells in vitro. (jscimedcentral.com)
Effects of FOSL1 silencing on osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration through the ERK/AP-1 signaling pathway. (beyotime.com)
Effects of shRNA-mediated Silencing of PSMA7 on Cell Proliferation and Vascular EndothelialGrowth Factor Expression via the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway in Cervical Cancer. (beyotime.com)
In addition, cancer stemness is associated with genomic and proteomic signatures that can modulate malignant biological behaviors and support the initiation, differentiation, and proliferation of tumor cells [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Rho GTPases represent a family of small GTP-binding proteins involved in cell cytoskeleton organization, migration, transcription, and proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
They are endowed with GTP hydrolytic activity, mainly involved in cytoskeleton rearrangements and cell motility, but also involved in cell proliferation, transformation and differentiation [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
MAPK pathways refer to various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. (springer.com)
A mutation in this gene resulting in reduced cell proliferation, and impaired cell motility and polarity, and has been identified in patients with primary microcephaly. (cancerindex.org)
This suggests the possibility that strictly regulated self-renewal mediated by Wnt signaling in cancer cells may be disturbed by the SUMOylation pathway to allow more malignant proliferation. (frontiersin.org)

We analyzed RNA sequencing data from 53 in-house established human melanoma cell lines and 479 melanoma tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. (biomedcentral.com)
Its expression was nonetheless not identified exclusively in tumor endothelium but in addition in tumor cells in melanoma, ovary and prostate tumors and now in chondrosarcoma. (faksignaling.com)
Given the heterogeneity and complex etiology of the GBM and the origin of the tumor cells, it is not surprising that the environment that surrounds the tumors display wide varieties of responses. (jscimedcentral.com)
Similarly, a genomic and proteomic analysis based on a tumor cell EMT signature conducted across almost 2000 different tumors [ 5 ] revealed a strong association between EMT and markers of inhibited or exhausted immune responses. (encyclopedia.pub)
and Hürthle cell thyroid cancer (HTC), which are tumors of the thyroid follicular cell derived from the embryonic foregut. (touchendocrinology.com)

Various proinflammatory cytokines can be detected within the melanoma tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
In the tumor microenvironment, IL32 expression is highly correlated with genes related to T cell infiltration, and also positively correlates with high AXL/low MITF dedifferentiated gene signature. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression of IL32 in human melanoma can be transcriptionally regulated in the context of a proinflammatory tumor microenvironment with either induced or constitutive IL32 expression strongly, but not invariably, correlating with a dedifferentiated genetic signature. (biomedcentral.com)
Advances in immunotherapy have shed greater focus on the role of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, which are vital components of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). (aging-us.com)
TP53 mutations are also associated with the infiltration of immune cells into the tumor microenvironment [ 10 - 12 ]. (aging-us.com)
by contributing to sustained chronic inflammation as a result of modulating the immune cells so that the tumor microenvironment is activated by invasion of immune suppressive regulatory T cells, and/or by mediating the release of inflammatory mediators by immune cells with no anti-tumor activity. (jscimedcentral.com)
The interplay between the gliomas, the tumor microenvironment and infiltrating immune cells can hold key information to how to utilize PD-L1/PD-1 directed immunotherapies to successfully treat GBM patients. (jscimedcentral.com)
This divergent effect might be dependent on the glioma subclass, expression levels of PD-L1 and PD-L1 regulatory molecules, but most importantly on the cell type that express PD-L1 in the tumor microenvironment. (jscimedcentral.com)
Up-regulation of PD-L1, IDO, and T(regs) in the melanoma tumor microenvironment is driven by CD8(+) T cells. (jscimedcentral.com)
Carcinoma cells that undergo an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and display a predominantly mesenchymal phenotype (hereafter EMT tumor cells) are associated with immune exclusion and immune deviation in the tumor microenvironment (TME). (encyclopedia.pub)
The previous work has shown that Tanshinone IIA could ameliorate inflammation microenvironment in colorectal cancer via repressing miRNA-155 expression ( 8 ) and exert an anti-angiogenic effect in vascular endothelial cells via inhibiting the VEGF/VEGFR2 pathway [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Due to the complexity and heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment, it remains unclear how stemness features regulate stem cell-related biological programs and shape the tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
A common theme of these processes is a dynamic reorganization of actin cytoskeleton which has now emerged as a major switch control mainly carried out by Rho and Rac GTPase subfamilies, playing an acknowledged role in adaptation of cell motility to the microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)

We also evaluated the impact of proinflammatory molecules TNFα and IFNγ on IL32 expression and dedifferentiation in melanoma cell lines in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
A significant proportion of established human melanoma cell lines express IL32, with its expression being highly correlated with a dedifferentiation genetic signature (high AXL/low MITF). (biomedcentral.com)
Expression of IL32 in human melanoma can be induced by TNFα or IFNγ and correlates with a treatment-resistant dedifferentiated genetic signature. (biomedcentral.com)
Prognostic Gene Expression Profiling in Cutaneous Melanoma: Identifying the Knowledge Gaps and Assessing the Clinical Benefit. (utah.edu)
We found that TNFRSF12A expression was transcriptionally induced during glutamine deprivation in cancer cell lines. (bvsalud.org)
Liu Q , Lan T , Song Y , Cai J , Yu X , Chen W , . Oncostatin M expression and TP53 mutation status regulate tumor-infiltration of immune cells and survival outcomes in cholangiocarcinoma. (aging-us.com)
The survival outcomes of CCA patients were associated with the TP53 gene mutation status, levels of Oncostatin M (OSM) expression, and the proportions of tumor-infiltrating immune cell types, including dendritic cells, monocytes, and T follicular helper cells. (aging-us.com)
Our study demonstrates that OSM expression and TP53 mutation status regulate the tumor infiltration by immune cells and survival outcomes in CCA. (aging-us.com)
Glucocorticoids attenuate interleukin-6-induced c-Fos and Egr1 expression and impair neuritogenesis in PC12 cells. (harvard.edu)
The lncRNA SLNCR Recruits the Androgen Receptor to EGR1-Bound Genes in Melanoma and Inhibits Expression of Tumor Suppressor p21. (harvard.edu)
Results revealed that hypoxia exposure upregulated Nodal expression and activated Nodal signaling in melanoma cancer cell A375, contributed to maintain stemness and promotes malignancy potential, including invasion, sphere formation and dacarbazine resistance. (cusabio.com)
The dissection of signaling pathways in chondrosarcoma cells will be essential to figure out no matter if the correlation of endo glin expression to Smad158 phosphorylation in these cells genuinely displays an enhanced activation of this signal ing axis in higher grade chondrosarcoma. (faksignaling.com)
Endoglin expression is up regulated during the dedifferentiation of chondrocytes and conversely down regulated through the chondro genic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. (faksignaling.com)
It really is a mar ker of activated endothelial cells and its expression has become established being a unique marker for tumor endothe lium in various tumor kinds. (faksignaling.com)
In some cancers, PD-L1 expression by tumor cells correlates with a good prognosis for the patient, whereas in glioblastoma many reports suggest that it is a bad prognostic marker. (jscimedcentral.com)
Expression of the B7-related molecule B7-H1 by glioma cells: a potential mechanism of immune paralysis. (jscimedcentral.com)
Tanshinone IIA attenuated the stemness of breast cancer cells, evident by downregulating the expression of stemness markers, hindering the capacity of spheroid formation, decreasing the CD24 − /CD44 + sub-population in a concentration-dependent manner and reducing the tumor-initiating ability of breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cells, estrogen increases Siah2 levels, resulting in degradation of the nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (N-CoR) and a reduction in N-CoR-mediated repressive effects on gene expression, thus promoting cancer growth ( 12 ). (aacrjournals.org)
Survival analysis revealed that a low NRP1 expression in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC), low-grade glioma (LGG), and stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) was associated with poor prognosis. (hindawi.com)
A high NRP2 expression in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA), kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP), and mesothelioma (MESO) was associated with poor prognosis. (hindawi.com)
Genome-wide association analysis revealed that the NRP1 expression was strongly associated with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), whereas the NRP2 expression was closely associated with BLCA. (hindawi.com)
Expression of OCT4 gene dropped after RA treatment, but it was recovered in NT2-RA-VH cells. (bvsalud.org)
TIM4 expression by dendritic cells mediates uptake of tumor-associated antigens and anti-tumor responses" presented b. (virginia.edu)
In recent years, advances in cancer immunotherapy have extended overall survival (OS) in select non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with positive PD-L1 expression. (biomedcentral.com)

Abstract Blood vessel formation is dependent on metabolic adaption in endothelial cells. (cn1699.cn)
There is a strong link between neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)

Background Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibodies are now routinely administered for metastatic melanoma and for increasing numbers of other cancers, but still only a fraction of patients respond. (bmj.com)
Here, we investigated whether such reactive T cells can also be informative for clinical outcomes in metastatic melanoma under PD-1 immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB). (bmj.com)
Mounting evidence indicates that tumor cells bearing stemness features can differentiate into cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are empowered with increased metastatic capacity and resistance to therapy. (biomedcentral.com)

In this study, the NTERA2-D1 (NT2) cells were induced towards differentiation (NT2-RA) with 10-5 M retinoic acid (RA) for three days and then subjected to various amounts of vitreous humor (VH). (bvsalud.org)
CSCs take charge of a cancer hierarchy, harboring stem cell-like properties involving self-renewal and aberrant differentiation potential. (bmbreports.org)
Neuronal differentiation and cell-cycle programs mediate response to BET-bromodomain inhibition in MYC-driven medulloblastoma. (cancerindex.org)
With foundations in muscle and cancer biology, the lab investigates regenerative mechanisms including stem cell development and de-differentiation. (ucsf.edu)

Prespecification and plasticity: shifting mechanisms of cell migration" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
Lineage-Restricted Regulation of SCD and Fatty Acid Saturation by MITF Controls Melanoma Phenotypic Plasticity. (ox.ac.uk)
These two modes of cell movement are interconvertible and several moving cells, including tumor cells, show an high degree of plasticity in motility styles shifting ad hoc between mesenchymal or amoeboid movements. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, Wnt/β-catenin has emerged as a critical regulator of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which is considered one of the root causes of cancer recurrence and metastasis because of their heterogeneity and plasticity ( 13 ). (frontiersin.org)

Our results reveal that MITF is a lineage-specific regulator of metabolic reprogramming, whereby fatty acid composition is a driver of melanoma phenotype switching, and highlight that cell phenotype dictates the response to drugs targeting lipid metabolism. (ox.ac.uk)

Tumor-associated B7-H1 promotes T-cell apoptosis: a potential mechanism of immune evasion. (jscimedcentral.com)
Although the conventional activities of p53 such as cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis are well accepted as the major checkpoints in stress responses, accumulating evidence implicates the importance of other tumor suppression mechanisms. (nature.com)
Is p53-dependent ferroptosis sufficient for tumor suppression in the absence of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis? (nature.com)
To date, various mechanisms have been suggested to explain the powerful tumor-suppressive effect of p53, including the induction of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis. (nature.com)
Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. (springer.com)

Unlike the development of squamous cell carcinoma, the development of sarcomas is unrelated to smoking and alcohol use. (medscape.com)
Cancer stemness has been proven to affect tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance in various cancers, including lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). (biomedcentral.com)
[ 45 ] and are similar to those of conventional squamous cell carcinomas. (medscape.com)
The typical microscopic section shows a well-differentiated typical squamous cell carcinoma with verrucous clinical morphology. (medscape.com)
[ 52 ] This phenomenon may be an example of a verrucous carcinoma undergoing programmed dedifferentiation to become a classic squamous cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
The hybrid verrucous carcinoma-squamous cell carcinoma deserves careful scrutiny. (medscape.com)

The programmed death-1 ligand 1:B7-1 pathway restrains diabetogenic effector T cells in vivo. (jscimedcentral.com)
Effects of microRNA-135a on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells by targeting GSK3β through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. (beyotime.com)
Long non-coding RNA-ENST00000434223 suppresses tumor progression in gastric cancer cells through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. (beyotime.com)
Abnormally activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a crucial role in promoting malignant tumor occurrence, development, recurrence, and metastasis, particularly in cancer stem cells. (frontiersin.org)
Studies have shown that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway controls cell fate and function through the transcriptional and post-translational regulation of omics networks. (frontiersin.org)

Abstract Resistance to BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy in BRAFV600-mutated advanced melanoma remains a major obstacle that limi. (cn1699.cn)

Chemo-radio therapeutic outcomes are poor in CCA patients because the tumor is highly desmoplastic with fibrogenic connective tissue and immune cells such as T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages that infiltrate the tumor epithelium [ 4 ]. (aging-us.com)
According to recent findings, especially targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) is the most promising therapeutic strategy. (bmbreports.org)
Muscle stem cells are a subpopulation of incompletely understood muscle progenitors called satellite cells that are focal points of vulnerability in muscle aging and disease states, and in turn, promising therapeutic targets. (ucsf.edu)
The proposed research will result in a deeper understanding of the populations of human satellite cells that exist naturally in a broad age range of adults, a necessary foundation for developing muscle stem cell therapeutic applications. (ucsf.edu)

We identified 96 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 13 upregulated and 83 downregulated genes, in CCA tissues as regulatory T cells were significantly higher and the proportions of activated natural killer cells and monocytes were significantly lower in CCA tissues than the precancerous tissues. (aging-us.com)

Metformin (MTF) has been reported to target NLK (Nemo-like kinase) to inhibit non-small lung cancer cells. (cancerindex.org)
It was shown that when cytoplasmic survivin is just not phosphorylated at S20 it binds XIAP and enhances XIAP stability by defending it from proteaso mal degradation as a result enabling antagonization of apoptosome mediated cell death via the capacity of XIAP to inhibit caspase three, 7 and 9 activation in vivo. (faksignaling.com)
Programmed death-1 ligand 1 interacts specifically with the B7-1 costimulatory molecule to inhibit T cell responses. (jscimedcentral.com)

Abstract Lineage dedifferentiation toward a mesenchymal-like state displaying myofibroblast and fibrotic features is a com. (cn1699.cn)

In this study, we used bioinformatics tools to analyze transcriptome data from cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients in multiple datasets (Sun Yat-sen University, TCGA and GSE32225 cohorts) to identify mechanisms that regulate tumor infiltration by immune cells and survival outcomes. (aging-us.com)
However, only limited types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells have been analyzed in CCA tissues and the mechanisms regulating the tumor infiltration of immune cells are poorly understood. (aging-us.com)
In different immune cell types, each MiT family member is shown to play distinct or redundant roles and we expect that there is far more to learn about their functions and regulatory mechanisms in host defense and inflammatory responses. (molcells.org)
One of the mechanisms associated with natural regeneration is dedifferentiation. (bvsalud.org)
However, vegetation use multiple mechanisms to increase their tolerance to freezing temps, such as accumulation of compatible osmolytes (soluble sugars, glycine betaine, and proline) and improved levels of antioxidants and soluble proteins in cell cytoplasm [2]C[3]. (researchensemble.com)

Our study shows for the initial time that abrogation of TGFB signaling ends in enhanced cytosolic localization of survivin and XIAP proteins that are linked WZ4003 structure with enhanced cell survival capability and eventual metastasis inside the FET colon cancer cell model. (faksignaling.com)
The proteasome controls protein abundance within the cell through proteolytic degradation of unneeded or damaged proteins. (aacrjournals.org)

In addition, mtDNA stress in TFAM-deficient mouse melanoma cells produces tumours that are more resistant to doxorubicin in vivo. (regenerativemedicine.net)

Like EMTs, CATs are involved in the invasion of tumor cells into surrounding tissues, with amoeboid movement more likely to occur in soft extracellular matrix (ECM) and mesenchymal movement in stiff ECM. (wikipedia.org)
CCA patients with a higher proportion of neutrophils and T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and lower proportion of CD8 + T cells in the tumor tissues are associated with poor prognosis [ 5 ]. (aging-us.com)
The growth of neoplastic cells exceeds and is not coordinated with that of the normal tissues around it. (solutionpharmacy.in)
Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Using model organisms such as zebrafish and mice, and extending discoveries to human cells and tissues, the lab hopes to gain fundamental insight that can be translated into clinical advances, notably solving the structural and reconstructive problems of the limbs, face, and head, whether congenital or acquired. (ucsf.edu)

In bone marrow stromal cells, endoglin appears to be a constructive regulator of both ALK1Smad1 58 and ALK5Smad2 pathways. (faksignaling.com)
These originate in the plasma cells of bone marrow. (solutionpharmacy.in)
These cancers affect the bone marrow which is the site for blood cell production. (solutionpharmacy.in)
When cancerous, the bone marrow begins to produce excessive immature white blood cells that fail to perform their usual actions and the patient is often prone to infection. (solutionpharmacy.in)

Translational aspects of his work include the identification of transcriptional programs as potential biomarkers for early melanoma diagnosis and the discovery of administered compounds that alter the probability of transformation. (utah.edu)

Interleukin 32 (IL32) is produced by T cells, NK cells and monocytes/macrophages, but also by a subset of melanoma cells. (biomedcentral.com)

This review will discuss the metabolic reprogramming of cancer, possible explanations for the high glucose consumption in cancer cells observed by Warburg, and suggest key experimental practices we should consider when studying the metabolism of cancer. (researchgate.net)

We previously showed that the presence of NY-ESO-1-reactive and/or Melan-A-reactive T cells in the blood correlated with prolonged overall survival (OS) of patients with melanoma with a heterogeneous treatment background. (bmj.com)
NF-κB pathways are associated with immunity, inflammation and cell survival. (springer.com)
Furthermore, the Wnt/β-catenin can crosstalk with other signaling pathways including Notch, FGF, Hedgehog, and TGF-β/BMP signaling cascades to form a signaling network to regulate the survival and progression of cancer cells ( 14 - 16 ). (frontiersin.org)

In order to study the transcriptional regulation of IL32 in these cell lines, we cloned up to 10.5 kb of the 5′ upstream region of the human IL32 gene into a luciferase reporter vector. (biomedcentral.com)
Dr. Judson-Torres' research program seeks to understand the dynamic transcriptional programs regulating human melanocytes and how disruptions to these programs permit or drive the early stages of melanoma development. (utah.edu)
And a recent study demonstrates that Tanshinone IIA restrains migratory and invasive ability of cervix carcinoma stem cells by suppressing the transcriptional activity of YAP (Yes-associated protein) [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

An evaluation of melanoma tissue from selected cases suggested a correlation between tumor-resident NY-ESO-1- and Melan-A-reactive T cells and disease control, supporting the notion of a therapy-associated sequestration of cells from the periphery to the tumor predominantly in those patients benefitting from ICB. (bmj.com)
The ability of malignant tumor cells to invade normal surrounding tissue contributes in large part to the morbidity and mortality of cancers. (cellbiolabs.com)
When cells in some area of the body duplicate without control, the excess of tissue develops called tumor or neoplasm. (solutionpharmacy.in)

All types of cancers are common, in that, the cancer cells are abnormal and multiply out of control. (solutionpharmacy.in)

However, the role of IL32 in human melanoma cells is less well understood. (biomedcentral.com)

For the past 20 years, plenty of studies have suggested that only a small subpopulation of the cancer cells with tumor-initiating capability is the core origin of the tumorigenesis and the subset of cancer cells was named cancer stem cells (CSCs). (bmbreports.org)

In vitro mammary spheroid formation, flow cytometry assay on CD24 − /CD44 + sub-population, ALDH activity detection, cell viability assay and western blot analysis, and in vivo tumor-initiating analysis were performed to examine the effects of Tanshinone IIA on the stemness of breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, Tanshinone IIA enhanced adriamycin sensitivity and attenuated adriamycin resistance of breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Notably, miR-125b overexpression enhanced the stemness of breast cancer cells, and miR-125b overexpression or STARD13 knockdown impaired the inhibitory effects of Tanshinone IIA on the stemness of breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The study has previously revealed that miR-125b faciliates cell migratory ability breast cancer via targeting STARD13 (StAR-related lipid transfer protein 13) [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The initiation and development of tumor cell is accompanied by elevated stresses, such as oncogene activation, DNA damage, genome instability, and reprogrammed tumor metabolism. (nature.com)

Somatic mutations can reduce or abolish the ability of immune cells to recognize neoantigens on the tumor cells [ 8 ]. (aging-us.com)
A large body of evidence has shown that EMT tumor cells and immune cells can reciprocally influence each other, with EMT cells promoting immune exclusion and deviation and immune cells promoting, under certain circumstances, the induction of EMT in tumor cells. (encyclopedia.pub)
This cross-talk between EMT tumor cells and immune cells can occur both between EMT tumor cells and cells of either the native or adaptive immune system. (encyclopedia.pub)
In this mesenchymal subtype, a decreased number of CD8 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were detected, suggesting an association between EMT tumor cells and exclusion of these immune cells from the TME. (encyclopedia.pub)

This ob servation was even more validated by restoring TGFB sensi tivity from the native CBS colon carcinoma cell line. (faksignaling.com)
In addition to GEP-NETs, there are several subtypes of NETs including pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, medullary thyroid carcinoma, Markel cell carcinoma and bronchial carcinoids. (intheranostics.com)
Verrucous carcinoma is characterized by blunt projections of well-differentiated epithelium supported by an edematous stroma, with chronic inflammatory cells of lymphohistiocytic origin at its infiltrating margins. (medscape.com)

Methods Peripheral blood T cell stimulation by NY-ESO-1 and Melan-A overlapping peptide libraries was assessed before and during ICB in two independent cohorts of a total of 111 patients with stage IV melanoma. (bmj.com)

Nat Cell Biol. (utah.edu)

As it can be inferred from its nomenclature, CSCs share several features of normal stem cells. (bmbreports.org)

Inserts are precoated on the top of the membrane with Basement Membrane, an ECM protein mix isolated from EHS tumor cells. (cellbiolabs.com)
Protein kinase C regulates human pluripotent stem cell self-renewal. (rndsystems.com)
This kinase is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression and G1/S transition. (cancerindex.org)
Signaling is initiated when the Wnt ligand binds to the Frizzled receptor on the cell membrane and the LDL receptor-associated protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) co-receptor. (frontiersin.org)

The Evolution of Melanoma - Moving beyond Binary Models of Genetic Progression. (utah.edu)
Siah ubiquitin ligases play important roles in a number of signaling pathways involved in the progression and spread of cancer in cell-based models, but their role in tumor progression remains controversial. (aacrjournals.org)
Cancer cell lines have been used to identify several roles for Siah in cancer progression pathways, including the Ras, p53, and hypoxic response signaling pathways and are reviewed in depth elsewhere (reviewed in ref. 8 ). (aacrjournals.org)

Tanshinone II A is an effective component extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza and the roles of Tanshinone IIA in regulating the stemness of tumor cells remain unclear. (biomedcentral.com)

1. by inhibiting cytotoxic T-lymphocytes from destroying the tumor cells, 2. (jscimedcentral.com)

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) arises from thyroid C cells that are normally found in the upper third of the thyroid lobes in and around the normal thyroid follicle. (touchendocrinology.com)

The collective-amoeboid transition (CMT) is a process by which collective multicellular groups dissociate into amoeboid single cells following the down-regulation of integrins. (wikipedia.org)
Collective cell migration Dedifferentiation Invasion (cancer) Krakhmal, N. V. (wikipedia.org)
Collective motility leads to movement of cohorts of cells which maintain the adherens junctions and move by photolytic degradation of matrix barriers. (biomedcentral.com)

An association between EMT tumor cells (mesenchymal and hybrid epithelial-mesenchymal phenotypes) and increased numbers of infiltrating PD-1 + cells was also observed in another study in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung [ 6 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
This type of cancer originates from the epithelial layer of cells that form the lining of external parts of the body or the internal linings of organs within the body. (solutionpharmacy.in)

Cell invasion requires several distinct cellular functions including adhesion, motility, detachment, and extracellular matrix proteolysis. (cellbiolabs.com)
In conclusion, we suggest VH as a potent mixture for improving the cellular reprogramming leading to dedifferentiation. (bvsalud.org)
Single cell mesenchymal-type movement is characterized by an elongated cellular shape and again requires extracellular proteolysis and integrin engagement. (biomedcentral.com)

In addition to training students in molecular, cell and translational research, he is also particularly interested in career development for graduate students and post-doctoral fellows. (utah.edu)
Nature reviews Molecular cell biology. (ed.ac.uk)

Yap, 1997} considers that melanomas can arise within clinical lesions resembling SK, and that a histological examination should be done for any SK lesion excised. (genevadermatology.ch)

Melanomas are derived from melanocytes that have acquired specific genetic mutations. (utah.edu)
However, the majority of melanocytes that acquire these exact mutations do not progress to melanoma. (utah.edu)

Conversely, in amoeboid movement cells have a rounded morphology, the movement is independent from proteases but requires high Rho GTPase to drive elevated levels of actomyosin contractility. (biomedcentral.com)

This review will focus on the role of Rac and Rho small GTPases in cell motility and in the complex relationship driving the reciprocal control between Rac and Rho granting for the opportunistic motile behaviour of aggressive cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Among other members, we will focus our attention on the Rac and Rho subfamilies, as they are the main effectors of cell motility. (biomedcentral.com)

Endoglin CD105 selelck kinase inhibitor is probably the classical markers expressed by mesenchymal stem cells and applied for the definition of those cells. (faksignaling.com)
Helps maintain human pluripotent stem cells in undifferentiated state. (rndsystems.com)
Jason H. Pomerantz, M.D. , associate professor of surgery and surgical director of the UCSF Craniofacial Center, has been awarded a 5-year $1.7M R01 grant from National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) to study muscle stem cells, a subpopulation of muscle progenitors that are focal points of vulnerability in muscle dysfunction from disease, trauma or aging. (ucsf.edu)
Jason Pomerantz, MD. Photo by Susan Merrell "Muscle dysfunction from disease, trauma or aging, a major health care burden not adequately alleviated by available therapies, could be greatly reduced by treatments that directly address regeneration pathophysiology by capitalizing on muscle stem cells. (ucsf.edu)

The sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), which actively pumps iodine into thyroid follicular cells, has been cloned and found in DTC, as well as other benign and malignant cells. (touchendocrinology.com)
This large (670kDa) glycoprotein, which is composed of two identical subunits, is released along with thyroid hormone from normal and malignant follicular cells in response to TSH. (touchendocrinology.com)

Influential research by Warburg and Cori in the 1920s ignited interest in how cancer cells' energy generation is different from that of normal cells. (researchgate.net)
They observed high glucose consumption and large amounts of lactate excretion from cancer cells compared with normal cells, which oxidised glucose using mitochondria. (researchgate.net)
It was therefore assumed that cancer cells were generating energy using glycolysis rather than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and that the mitochondria were dysfunctional. (researchgate.net)
Advances in research techniques since then have shown the mitochondria in cancer cells to be functional across a range of tumour types. (researchgate.net)
cancer cells lack the presence of Lefty, thus leading to uncontrolled tumor growth. (cusabio.com)
In cultured primary fibroblasts and cancer cells, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin causes mtDNA damage and release, which leads to cGAS STING dependent ISG activation. (regenerativemedicine.net)

Diseases2

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Phenomena and Processes2

Proliferation16

Tumors5

Microenvironment13

Expression24

Endothelial cells2

Metastatic3

Differentiation4

Plasticity4

MITF1

Apoptosis5

Squamous6

Pathway5

BRAF1

Therapeutic4

Genes1

Inhibit3

Lineage1

Mechanisms5

Proteins2

Tumours1

Tissues5

Bone marrow4

Biomarkers1

Interleukin1

Metabolic1

Survival3

Transcriptional3

Tissue3

Cancers1

Understood1

Subset1

Breast4

Tumor cell1

Immune cells4

Carcinoma3

Methods1

Biol1

CSCs1

Protein4

Progression3

Stemness1

Lymphocytes1

Thyroid cancer1

Collective3

Epithelial2

Cellular3

Molecular2

Clinical1

Mutations2

Amoeboid movement1

Motility2

Stem4

Malignant2

Cancer cells6