Melanoma cell proliferation. Medical search. Frequent questions

It is indicated for treatment of adults and pediatric patients aged 12 years and older with unresectable or metastatic melanoma. (medscape.com)
Molecular imaging with the PET probe 18 F-FLT allows mapping and noninvasive imaging of cell proliferation in secondary lymphoid organs after CTLA4 blockade in patients with metastatic melanoma. (snmjournals.org)
The emerging clinical data suggest that a subset of patients with metastatic melanoma treated with CTLA4-blocking antibodies, in the range of 5%−15%, achieve durable objective tumor responses. (snmjournals.org)
GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) announced today the start of two global Phase III studies in advanced or metastatic melanoma patients with a BRAF V600 mutation. (gsk.com)
The BRF113683 Phase III study compares GSK'436, a BRAF inhibitor, to dacarbazine (DTIC) in previously untreated patients with BRAF V600 mutated advanced or metastatic melanoma. (gsk.com)
The METRIC study compares GSK'212, a MEK inhibitor, to chemotherapy (DTIC or paclitaxel) in advanced or metastatic melanoma patients with a BRAF V600 mutation. (gsk.com)
By focusing our research programme on patients with the V600 mutation, we are striving to understand how our investigational MEK and BRAF inhibitors can best be used to treat patients with metastatic melanomA," said Paolo Paoletti, President, GSK Oncology. (gsk.com)
In addition to our ongoing research in metastatic melanoma, we are also studying GSK'212 and GSK'436, both alone and in combination with other agents, in other difficult to treat forms of cancers including pancreatic cancer, refractory or relapsed leukaemias and other solid tumours. (gsk.com)
Metastatic melanoma occurs when melanoma spreads to other parts of the body. (gsk.com)
The METRIC Phase III study of GSK'212, a MEK inhibitor, in patients with advanced/metastatic melanoma focuses on patients with BRAF V600 mutation who have had no more than one prior regimen of chemotherapy and no prior BRAF inhibitor treatment. (gsk.com)
When JNJ and the Nutlin-3 were combined, the full function of p53 was restored in metastatic melanoma cells. (medindia.net)
Previous studies have indicated that adding an anti-PD-1 drug to lenvatinib achieves superior antitumor activity than either treatment alone, with promising results in phase 1/2b data in pretreated metastatic melanoma. (medscape.com)
Frequency of BRAF V600E Mutation in the Mexican Population of Patients With Metastatic Melanoma. (cdc.gov)

Malignant melanoma. (medscape.com)
According to the World Health Organization, 132,000 melanoma skin cancers occur globally each year and approximately 19,000 women and 22,000 men die annually from malignant melanoma. (gsk.com)
More recently, the successes in the treatment of the notoriously refractory malignant melanoma via the targeting of a specific BRAF mutation and via immune activation represent an unprecedented achievement of this new therapeutic direction. (cancernetwork.com)
5/16-5/17: R&S mini grant - Adoption of a mouse model to study malignant melanoma. (bloomu.edu)
Qi J, Wang W, Lu W, Chen W, Sun H, Shang A. Design and biological evaluation of novel BF-30 analogs for the treatment of malignant melanoma. (jcancer.org)
LBF-14 holds potential to be developed as a promising once-weekly candidate for the treatment of malignant melanoma. (jcancer.org)
Inflammasome polymorphisms confer susceptibility to sporadic malignant melanoma. (cdc.gov)
KIR gene variability in cutaneous malignant melanoma: influence of KIR2D/HLA-C pairings on disease susceptibility and prognosis. (cdc.gov)
Genotyping and differential expression analysis of inflammasome genes in sporadic malignant melanoma reveal novel contribution of CARD8, IL1B and IL18 in melanoma susceptibility and progression. (cdc.gov)

In agreement, pharmacological inhibition of MITF signaling with ML329, significantly reduced OMM2.5 cell survival and viability in vitro ( p = 0.0001) and in vivo ( p = 0.0006). (biorxiv.org)
Its inhibition suppressed the proliferation, cell cycle transition, and migration of such cells, and increased levels had the opposite effect. (geneticsmr.org)
Collectively, these results indicate that PFKP expression in melanoma cells increases proliferation and glycolytic activity in vitro and promotes tumorigenesis in vivo, suggesting that suppression of PKFP and inhibition of glycolysis may potently suppress melanoma progression. (bvsalud.org)
Inhibition of YAP or TGF-β breaks this loop and suppresses cancer stemness and proliferation In nude mice, RAD18 promoted subcutaneous transplanted tumor growth and M2-type TAM recruitment. (nature.com)
The results demonstrated that JIB extract combined with cisplatin enhanced the inhibition of cell growth, proliferation, and survival through the obstruction of cell cycle progression and AKT/mTOR and MAPK signaling as well as the induction of cell apoptosis. (medsci.org)
In addition, TWIST overexpression can reverse the inhibition of lncRNA SNHG3 knockdown or miR-326 overexpression on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. (hindawi.com)
The compound can also be used in protocols for the chemical reprogramming of somatic cells to iPSCs.Shown to induce autophagy in cancer cell lines via a mechanism independent of AMPK inhibition. (tocris.com)
In addition, chronic treatment of LBF-14 significantly suppressed melanoma growth and improved the survival rate of B16F10-bearing mice with the observed inhibition of 63.5% for 0.3mg/kg and 91.5% for 0.9 mg/kg. (jcancer.org)

Glycolysis regulator PFKP induces human melanoma cell proliferation and tumor growth. (bvsalud.org)
This protein stops potentially precancerous cells from dividing and induces suicide in those that are damaged beyond repair. (medindia.net)
In the current study, Lu and her colleagues show that a protein complex named cyclin B1/cdk1, which is expressed at high levels in the cytoplasm of advanced melanomas, induces a pair of precise chemical modifications on iASPP to activate the protein. (medindia.net)
Apigenin induces autophagic cell death in human papillary thyroid carcinoma BCPAP cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
The cell has sensed this oncogenic influence-activated BRAF-and that induces an anti-cancer mechanism to throw the cell into this frozen state," he said. (healthnewstrack.com)
CCL5 induces the proliferation and activation of certain natural killer (NK) cells. (biolegend.com)

Metastatic uveal melanoma (MUM) is characterized by poor patient survival. (biorxiv.org)
Simple Summary Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common adult eye cancer. (biorxiv.org)
We aimed to investigate the biological role of miR-367 in uveal melanoma cell growth and migration, and the underlying mechanism responsible. (geneticsmr.org)
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate miR-367 expression in uveal melanoma tissue samples and cell lines. (geneticsmr.org)
In addition, the role of PTEN in miR-367-mediated uveal melanoma cell growth and migration was evaluated. (geneticsmr.org)
More importantly, co-transfection with a PTEN construct lacking the 3'-untranslated region mitigated miR-367 mimic-induced promotion of uveal melanoma cell proliferation and migration. (geneticsmr.org)
In summary, miR-367 was found to be upregulated in this malignancy, and may promote uveal melanoma cell proliferation and migration, at least in part by regulating PTEN. (geneticsmr.org)
The FDA approved a kit that allows for liver-directed delivery of the chemotherapy melphalan to treat metastatic liver disease from uveal melanoma. (aacr.org)
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a kit for hepatic delivery of the chemotherapy agent melphalan (HEPZATO KIT) as a treatment for adult patients with unresectable liver metastases from uveal melanoma, a type of cancer found in the eye. (aacr.org)
The approval was based on results from FOCUS , a single-arm, multicenter, open-label phase III clinical trial in 91 patients with uveal melanoma who had unresectable liver metastases and no extrahepatic disease or extrahepatic metastases limited to the bone, lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissues, or lung that could be resected or treated with radiation therapy. (aacr.org)
Uveal melanoma , also called intraocular melanoma, is a rare cancer that develops in the middle layer of the eye. (aacr.org)
Uveal melanoma has a high tendency to spread to other organs. (aacr.org)
According to the National Cancer Institute, the mean age-adjusted incidence of uveal melanoma in the U.S. is 4.3 new cases per 1 million people . (aacr.org)

Glycolysis is widely implicated in cancer progression, but its precise role in melanoma has not been extensively studied. (bvsalud.org)
Here, we investigated the role of the glycolysis regulator phosphofructokinase 1 platelet isoform (PFKP) in melanoma progression. (bvsalud.org)
The studies will separately assess the efficacy and safety of two investigational agents, GSK2118436 and GSK1120212, to determine their individual ability to stop or slow the progression of skin cancer in patients whose tumours contain a BRAF V600 mutation, which occurs in 50 to 60 percent of melanoma patients. (gsk.com)
The studies will separately assess the efficacy and safety of two investigational agents, GSK2118436 and GSK1120212, to determine their individual ability to stop or slow the progression of skin cancer in patients whose tumours contain a BRAF V600 mutation, which occurs in 50 to 60 percent of melanoma patients.Commencement of these studies confirms previously announced plans to progress these assets into Phase III. (gsk.com)
En conclusion, ces travaux illustrent bien le rôle de PGC-1β dans la reprogrammation métabolique et la réponse au stress du mélanome, ces processus pouvant influencer l'inflammation et l'immunosuppression du microenvironnement afin d'assurer la progression tumorale. (umontreal.ca)
In conclusion, this work illustrates well the role of PGC-1β in melanoma metabolic reprogramming and stress response, processes that regulate inflammation and create an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in order to ensure tumor progression. (umontreal.ca)
In LEAP-004 trial, over 100 patients with stage 3 or 4 melanoma who had progressed after immunotherapy were given lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab, which yielded a median progression-free survival (PFS) of more than 4 months and a median OS of more than a year. (medscape.com)
Presenting the findings, Ana Maria Arance Fernandez, MD, PhD, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain, said lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab has "promising" antitumor activity in patients with advanced melanoma with confirmed progression on a PD-1 inhibitor given alone or in combination. (medscape.com)
LEAP-004 therefore enrolled patients with unresectable stage 3 or 4 melanoma, who had disease progression within 12 weeks of their last dose of anti-PD-(L)1 therapy either alone or with a CTLA-4 inhibitor. (medscape.com)
My lab explores the molecular mechanisms that promote melanoma development and progression to a metastatic phenotype. (bloomu.edu)

Perillyl-O-acetylhydroquinone, biphenylethyl-O-acetylhydroquinone and biphenylpropyl-O-acetylhydroquinone had dose-dependent impacts on the proliferation of B16 cells with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) values of 8.0, 4.2 and 1.4 μmol/L, respectively. (iiarjournals.org)
OBJECTIVE: Investigation of the inhibitory capacity on melanoma cells (B16F10) proliferation and the influence on % distribution of cell cycle phases, in the presence of various concentrations of whey protein isolate (WPI), bovine collagen hydrolysate (BCH) or its fractions. (greenmedinfo.com)
RESULTS: The inhibitory concentrations for 50% of B16F10 cells (IC(50)) ranged from 0.19 to 156.9 mg/mL for all these proteins evaluated. (greenmedinfo.com)
Inhibitory effects on cell proliferation , glycolysis , and tumorigenesis due to PFKP knockdown were further augmented upon treatment with the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG). (bvsalud.org)
Preclinical models predict that blockade of the coinhibitory molecule cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) on lymphocytes results in the release of a cell cycle inhibitory checkpoint, allowing lymphocyte proliferation, tumor targeting, and regression. (snmjournals.org)
Three major classes of transcripts are generated from this gene- melanoma inhibitory activity 2-specific transcripts, cTAGE family member 5-specific transcripts and transcripts that include exons from both these transcript species (TANGO1-like or TALI). (nih.gov)
A common genetic variation of melanoma inhibitory activity-2 labels a subtype of pancreatic adenocarcinoma with high endoplasmic reticulum stress levels. (nih.gov)
Protumoral roles of melanoma inhibitory activity 2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. (nih.gov)
The X protein of hepatitis B virus activates hepatoma cell proliferation through repressing melanoma inhibitory activity 2 gene. (nih.gov)

Additionally, RAD18 functions beyond DNA repair and may regulate many other key biological processes, such as chromatin strengthening, cell survival/death, stemness, and differentiation. (nature.com)
Specifically, the RAS/MAPK pathway regulates the growth and division (proliferation) of cells, the process by which cells mature to carry out specific functions (differentiation), cell movement (migration), and the self-destruction of cells (apoptosis). (medlineplus.gov)
The mutation appears to have a direct role in activating the MAP kinase pathway, which controls processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and apoptosis (cell death). (gsk.com)
Dorsomorphin dihydrochloride also inhibits bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptors (ALK2, ALK3 and ALK6), promotes cardiomyogenesis in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro and promotes neural differentiation of hPSCs as part of a chemical cocktail. (tocris.com)
It also helped to open a very exciting avenue of research involving investigators with expertise in different aspects of growth control and cancer.Giordano's lab also discovered the tumor suppressor gene RB2/p130 and the cell cycle kinases CDK9 and CDK10, two other key players in cell cycle regulation and cell differentiation. (newswise.com)
Cancer stem cells are a selective clonal subset of tumour cells that have avoided various cell regulatory mechanisms, including terminal differentiation, and yet have retained the self-renewal properties and proliferative potential of adult stem cells. (who.int)

Melphalan inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells by damaging DNA and interfering with its replication. (aacr.org)
BRAF inhibitor GSK'436 binds to and inhibits the activity of BRAF, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells containing a mutation in BRAF. (gsk.com)
Inhibits proliferation of A375 melanoma cells (IC 50 =0.58µM). (enzolifesciences.com)
Inhibits proliferation of U87MG human glioblastoma cells (IC 50 =1.10.µM).Inhibits proliferation of A2780 human ovarian cells (IC 50 =0.27µM). (enzolifesciences.com)
When activated, iASPP is shuttled into the nucleus, binds to p53 and ultimately inhibits its ability to induce cell suicide. (medindia.net)
This drug specifically inhibits BRAFV600E, a mutated protein that drives cancer cell proliferation. (medindia.net)

TAMs are the major inflammatory cells in the TME, and are closely related to poor outcomes in several types of tumors [ 11 ]. (nature.com)
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is generally indicated for pathologic staging of the regional nodal basin(s) for primary tumors greater than 1 mm depth and when certain adverse histologic features (eg, ulceration, high mitotic rate, lymphovascular invasion) are present in thinner melanomas. (medscape.com)
With such treatment, advanced melanoma tumors in preclinical mouse models shrank by a full 75 percent after 28 days of treatment. (medindia.net)
Green said IGFBP7's ability to target melanoma tumors throughout the body may make it a powerful tool for cancer therapy. (healthnewstrack.com)
Here, in Part I, we describe areas where major inroads were initially achieved by targeting angiogenesis (central to the biology of renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular cancer) and by unraveling pathways in the heterogeneous tumors of mesenchymal origin-spurred by the identification of c-Kit-activating mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and the regressions that ensued when tumors harboring these mutations were exposed to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec). (cancernetwork.com)
This study was also performed in breast tumors according to estrogen receptor status and melanoma tumors with proliferative and invasive phenotypes. (biorxiv.org)
Furthermore, we show frequent transcript isoform changes in breast tumors according to estrogen receptor status, and in melanoma tumors according to the invasive or proliferative phenotype, and derive accurate predictive models of stage and survival within each patient subgroup. (biorxiv.org)
Findings of the clonal integration of MCPyV in tumor cell genomes, tumor-associated mutations in the large T-antigen (T-ag) gene, and large T-ag expression in tumors suggest that MCPyV is not only associated with MCC, but that it may be the causative agent ( 1 , 12 , 13 ). (cdc.gov)

Knockdown of PFKP in human melanoma cells suppressed cell proliferation and reduced ECAR, ATP levels, and lactic acid levels, while overexpression of PFKP displayed the opposite effects. (bvsalud.org)

The ability of lovastatin, mevastatin and simvastatin to inhibit the melanoma cell proliferation was examined using cytotoxicity and apoptosis assays. (biomedcentral.com)
BACKGROUND: Porcine skin gelatine presented anti-tumoral effect on murine hepatoma cells (MH134), inducing programmed cell death (apoptosis). (greenmedinfo.com)
Additionally, JIB extract induced B16/F10 cell apoptosis via the caspase cascade. (medsci.org)

The BRAF gene provides instructions for making a protein that helps transmit chemical signals from outside the cell to the cell's nucleus. (medlineplus.gov)
The BRAF gene mutation that causes this condition is somatic, meaning that it occurs during a person's lifetime and is present only in certain cells. (medlineplus.gov)
This mutation leads to production of a BRAF protein that is abnormally active, which disrupts regulation of cell proliferation and may allow histiocytes to grow and divide uncontrollably, leading to the abnormal accumulation of histiocytes that occurs in Erdheim-Chester disease. (medlineplus.gov)
This mutation leads to production of a BRAF protein that is abnormally active, which disrupts regulation of cell proliferation. (medlineplus.gov)
MEK 1 and 2 are thought to play a role in the activation of key signalling pathways that regulate cell growth.In BRAF mutant melanoma, MEK activation is a driver of the disease. (gsk.com)
Mutations in BRAF are present in ~50-60 percent of melanoma and ~8 percent of all cancers. (gsk.com)
BRF113683 is a Phase III, randomised, open-label study comparing the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of GSK'436 to DTIC in patients with advanced (Stage III) or metastatic (Stage IV) melanoma who harbour a BRAF V600 mutation. (gsk.com)
For instance, vemurafenib is a targeted therapy for melanoma with BRAF gene mutation. (medsci.org)
While nevi are, by definition, non-cancerous, more than half the time the same mutation is at fault in melanoma and nevi: a single amino acid change in a protein called BRAF. (healthnewstrack.com)
BRAF is part of a signaling system that is important for cell growth and proliferation. (healthnewstrack.com)
The BRAF mutation found in nevi and melanoma increases the activity of the BRAF protein, prompting cells to multiply abnormally. (healthnewstrack.com)
But sometimes when the mutated BRAF gene is expressed in melanocytes, those cells go into a state of permanent hibernation via a process known as senescence. (healthnewstrack.com)
We present a case of multiorgan, multisite Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), positive for the oncogenic BRAF V600E mutation, in a preterm neonate. (thieme-connect.de)
BRAF and NRAS mutations are frequent in nodular melanoma but are not associated with tumor cell proliferation or patient survival. (cdc.gov)
Frequencies of BRAF and NRAS mutations are different in histological types and sites of origin of cutaneous melanoma: a meta-analysis. (cdc.gov)
Amelanotic acral melanomas: clinicopathological, BRAF mutation, and KIT aberration analyses. (cdc.gov)
Pathogenetic Implications of BRAF Mutation Distribution in Stage IV Melanoma Patients. (cdc.gov)
BRAF, KIT, and NRAS Mutations of Acral Melanoma in White Patients. (cdc.gov)

Melanoma is a malignancy of pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) located predominantly in the skin but also found in the eyes, ears, GI tract, leptomeninges, and oral and genital mucous membranes. (medscape.com)
The uppermost one is the epidermis, which is divided into five layers of cells made mostly out of keratinocytes, along with melanocytes, Merkel cells, and Langerhans cells. (hindawi.com)
In giant congenital melanocytic nevus, a somatic V600E mutation occurs during embryonic development in cells that will develop into pigment-producing skin cells (melanocytes). (medlineplus.gov)
The unregulated cell proliferation of early melanocytes leads to a large patch of darkly pigmented skin characteristic of giant congenital melanocytic nevus. (medlineplus.gov)
Melanoma is a type of cancer which develops when melanocytes (pigment cells in the skin) become malignant and start to grow and divide at an abnormally quick pace, spreading into the surrounding surface layers of skin. (gsk.com)
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) researchers have uncovered a protein that stops the growth of melanoma, a cancer that develops from pigment-producing cells in the skin called melanocytes. (healthnewstrack.com)
Melanoma is caused by the uncontrolled proliferation of melanocytes, whose pigment, melanin, protects the skin against the sun's ultraviolet rays. (healthnewstrack.com)
In some melanocytes with this mutation, the proliferation cannot be stopped, and cancer develops. (healthnewstrack.com)

The concentrations required to inhibit proliferation of melanoma cells (0.8-2.1 μM) have previously been achieved in a phase I clinical trial of lovastatin in patients with solid tumours, (45 mg/kg/day resulted in peak plasma concentrations of approximately 3.9 μM). (biomedcentral.com)

Targeted therapy drugs are used to target specific genes and proteins of cancer cells to precisely identify and attack specific types of cancer cells. (medsci.org)
Lu's study showed that p53 is inhibited by two proteins in melanoma cells, iASPP and MDM2. (medindia.net)
The fact that XPO1 and other essential nucleo-cytoplasmatic transport proteins are over expressed in cancer, specifically in melanoma, offers the opportunity to treat cancer by modulating this transport system. (massgeneral.org)
Together, Green said, the proteins made by these genes make up the body's melanoma defense pathway. (healthnewstrack.com)
His early research includes seminal work done in 1989, demonstrating the importance of cell cycle proteins in the functioning of DNA tumor viruses. (newswise.com)
These ectatic vessels are lined by flat, benign-appearing endothelial cells, similar to the vessels of normal skin, with similar staining characteristics for endothelial antigens, including fibronectin, von Willebrand factor, and collagenous basement membrane proteins. (medscape.com)

This suggests that PGC-1s play a role in melanoma response to immunotherapy. (umontreal.ca)
Studies from my lab have demonstrated that EpA2 expression plays a role in melanoma tumor cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and the plastic phenotype as evident in the ability to engage in vasculogenic mimicry. (bloomu.edu)

We examined the effects of statin drugs on in vitro proliferation, migration and invasion of melanoma cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Effects on cell migration and invasion were assessed using transwell invasion and migration chambers. (biomedcentral.com)
Lovastatin, mevastatin and simvastatin inhibited the growth, cell migration and invasion of HT144, M14 and SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The aim of our study was to investigate the role of SNHG3 in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cell lines. (hindawi.com)
CCK-8 and Transwell assays were performed to detect cell proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities. (hindawi.com)
Moreover, lncRNA SNHG3 knockdown or miR-326 overexpression significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cell lines. (hindawi.com)
MSK investigators have developed a fully humanized and potent bispecific antibody directed at Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4), which plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation and migration. (mskcc.org)
In addition, CCL5 plays a crucial role in the migration and metastasis of cancer cells. (biolegend.com)

The growth-suppression effected by biphenylpropyl-O-acetylhydroquinone was accompanied by a dose-dependent arrest at the G1/S interface of the cell cycle, an impact greater than that previously reported for farnesyl-O-acetylhydroquinone (IC 50 =2.5 μmol/L). These new hydroquinone derivatives may have potential in cancer chemoprevention and/or therapy. (iiarjournals.org)
This first or primary UM is treated by targeting the cancer cells using ocular radiation implants or by surgical removal of the eye. (biorxiv.org)
These conflicting reports highlight the need for further studies on the effects of statins on cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive and deadly cancer resulting from malignant transformation of cells involved in skin pigmentation . (bvsalud.org)
However, the mechanism through which RAD18 influences triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), especially the interaction between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, remains elusive. (nature.com)
A total-body skin examination is critical when evaluating a patient at risk for melanoma, particularly those with increased mole count, presence of clinical atypical nevi, prior nonmelanoma skin cancer (i.e., keratinocyte carcinoma), and/or strong family history of melanoma. (medscape.com)
Since chemotherapy drugs like melphalan do not discriminate between normal cells and cancer cells, normal cells that divide frequently can also be damaged, resulting in side effects. (aacr.org)
This condition is characterized by a large, noncancerous patch of abnormally dark skin that is present from birth and an increased risk of a type of skin cell cancer called melanoma (described below). (medlineplus.gov)
In the April 25 issue of Cancer Cell , a research team, led by Xin Lu, PhD, Ludwig director and member at the University of Oxford and a team of scientists from both institutions, describes how p53 is silenced in advanced melanomas by a protein named iASPP, and applies that information to restore p53 function in such cells. (medindia.net)
They also provide a proof of principle that both of those factors need to be blocked if p53 is to be successfully reactivated in cancer cells," said Lu. (medindia.net)
Since multiple signaling pathways drive the growth of tumor cells, Lu and her colleagues wondered if the restoration of p53 function could be used as a strategy to enhance existing cancer therapies that target parallel signaling pathways. (medindia.net)
Apigenin Restrains Colon Cancer Cell Proliferation via Targeted Blocking of Pyruvate Kinase M2-Dependent Glycolysis. (spandidos-publications.com)
reported that miR-326 is abnormally expressed in metastasis and nonmetastasis tissues in non-small-cell lung cancer, providing an experimental basis for exploring the mechanism of non-small cell lung cancer metastasis and molecular diagnosis and treatment [ 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Our investigations are ongoing in biomarkers of resistance and potential new targets for therapeutic intervention in colorectal cancer, melanoma and Merkel cell carcinoma. (massgeneral.org)
HHMI investigator Michael Green and colleagues at the University of Massachusetts Medical School reported their identification of the genetic underpinnings of a new way to thwart one of the deadliest forms of cancer in the February 8, 2008, issue of the journal Cell. (healthnewstrack.com)
According to the American Cancer Society, 60,000 people in the United States developed melanoma in 2007, and more than 8,000 died of the disease. (healthnewstrack.com)
Some of the cells progressed to cancer, while others did not. (healthnewstrack.com)
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) coactivators 1, or PGC-1s, are a family of coactivators that potentiate the transcription of genes involved metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis, thus participating in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells. (umontreal.ca)
In the context of cancer, appropriately activated DCs can induce anti-tumor immunity by activating innate immune cells and tumor-specific lymphocytes that target cancer cells. (mdpi.com)
Our scientists pursue every aspect of cancer research-from exploring the biology of genes and cells, to developing immune-based treatments, uncovering the causes of metastasis, and more. (mskcc.org)
He has published over 600 papers on gene therapy, cell cycle, genetics of cancer, and epidemiology. (newswise.com)
previously demonstrated that native BF-30 may selectively inhibit the proliferation of melanoma cells via in vitro permeabilization of cytoplasmic membrane and DNA-binding, and exerted the outstanding anti-cancer effects in B16F10-bearing mice [ 4 ]. (jcancer.org)
On the other hand, the infiltration of organs by a monoclonal population of aberrant cells, the possibility of lethal evolution, and the cancer-based modalities of successful treatment are all consistent with a neoplastic process. (medscape.com)
Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) was first described in 2008 ( 1 ) as a new human virus associated with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), an uncommon but aggressive form of skin cancer. (cdc.gov)
arations verified the presence of cancer cells in all samples. (lu.se)

However, higher doses of statins may have a role to play in adjuvant therapy by inhibiting growth and invasion of melanoma cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, results of H&E staining prove that chronic treatment of LBF-30 effectively suppressed metastasis and invasion of B16F10 cells. (jcancer.org)

Additional gene mutations in cells within the nevus after birth can lead to melanoma in people with giant congenital melanocytic nevus. (medlineplus.gov)

Treatment of OMM2.5 MUM cells with ACY-1215 resulted in a significant ( p = 0.0001), dose-dependent reduction in cell survival and proliferation in vitro , and in vivo regression of primary OMM2.5 xenografts in zebrafish larvae. (biorxiv.org)
Our findings provide evidence that ACY-1215 and ML329 are efficacious against growth and survival of MUM cells and are potential therapeutic options for MUM. (biorxiv.org)
PFKP upregulation was observed in human melanoma tissues and correlated with poor patient survival . (bvsalud.org)
The E3 ubiquitin ligase RAD18 is well known for the maintenance of genome stability and cell survival through many DNA damage response (DDR) pathways such as translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) and homologous recombination repair (HRR) [ 4 , 5 ]. (nature.com)
In vivo development and survival of NK cells require cytokines ( 6 - 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
The survival rate of melanoma patients with increasing stage ranges from 85% to 25% due to the high incidence of metastasis [ 1 ]. (medsci.org)
We also show a mechanism of regulation of PGC-1β by an RNA-binding protein enhencing the role of PGC-1β in the response to different stresses and the survival of melanoma cells. (umontreal.ca)
Patients with advanced melanoma who have progressed on anti-programmed death (PD)-1/PD ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunotherapy could substantially extend their overall survival (OS) with a combination of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib (Lenvima) and pembrolizumab (Keytruda), suggests an open-label, single arm study. (medscape.com)
FGFR4 Arg388 allele correlates with tumour thickness and FGFR4 protein expression with survival of melanoma patients. (cdc.gov)
Arguments supporting the reactive nature of LCH include the occurrence of spontaneous remissions, the extensive elaboration of multiple cytokines by dendritic cells and T-cells (the so-called cytokine storm) in LCH lesions, and the good survival rate in patients without organ dysfunction. (medscape.com)

Treatment with nicotinamide resulted in a 23% lower rate of new non-melanoma skin cancers and an 11‒20% reduction in incidence of the precancerous lesion actinic keratosis compared with the placebo group. (lifeextension.com)

MEK is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signalling pathway that regulates cell growth. (gsk.com)
Protein kinase C regulates human pluripotent stem cell self-renewal. (rndsystems.com)

Moreover, LBF-14 was proved to inhibit the proliferation of B16F10 melanoma cell by disrupting the cytoplasmic membrane and binding to genomic DNA to prevent transcription. (jcancer.org)

Lymphoid proliferations are traditionally thought to be either benign conditions (reactive hyperplasia and lymphadenitis) or malignant lymphomas. (medscape.com)
Therefore, in addition to these two extremes, there also exist a third group of lymphoid proliferations - the atypical lymphoid proliferations (AtLP). (medscape.com)
They have some likelihood for subsequent transformation into lymphomas, and therefore AtLP occupy a middle ground between benign and malignant lymphoid proliferations. (medscape.com)
In the author's opinion, the use of this descriptive term AtLP may obviate the need to force some lymphoid proliferations (equivocal lesions or mimickers of lymphomas) into either the benign or malignant categories. (medscape.com)
Distinction between atypical lymphoid proliferations rich in Reed-Sternberg-like cells (reactive immunoblasts) and classic Hodgkin lymphomas. (medscape.com)
Distinction between atypical lymphoid proliferations with follicular pattern and follicular lymphoma. (medscape.com)
Therefore, in addition to epidermal Langerhans cells, other potential cellular origins for LCH include dermal langerin + dendritic cells, lymphoid tissue-resident langerin + dendritic cells, and monocytes that can be induced by local environmental stimuli to acquire a Langerhans cell phenotype. (medscape.com)
To test the hypothesis that Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) can infect cells of the lymphoid system, we analyzed 353 specimens, including 152 non-Hodgkin lymphomas, 44 Hodgkin lymphomas, 110 benign lymph nodes, 27 lymph nodes with metastasis, and 20 extranodal tissue samples. (cdc.gov)
BK virus, simian virus 40, and JC virus DNA sequences have been detected in human lymphoid tissues, blood cells, and lymphomas ( 17 - 20 ). (cdc.gov)

[ 1 ] Early detection of thin cutaneous melanoma is the best means of reducing mortality, although mortality rates have dropped over the past decade due to the advent of more effective targeted and immune therapies for patients with advanced disease. (medscape.com)
[ 2 ] Characteristic images of cutaneous melanoma are shown below. (medscape.com)
Cutaneous melanoma with characteristic asymmetry, irregular borders, and color variation. (medscape.com)
The most important aspects of the initial workup for patients with cutaneous melanoma are a careful history, review of systems, and physical examination. (medscape.com)
Surgery is the primary mode of therapy for localized cutaneous melanoma. (medscape.com)
Primary cutaneous melanoma may develop in association with precursor melanocytic nevi (ie, common, congenital, and atypical/dysplastic types), although more than 70% of cases are believed to arise de novo (ie, not from a preexisting pigmented lesion). (medscape.com)
Polymorphisms in nevus-associated genes MTAP, PLA2G6, and IRF4 and the risk of invasive cutaneous melanoma. (cdc.gov)
Clinicopathological characteristics and mutation profiling in primary cutaneous melanoma. (cdc.gov)

Moles, also known as nevi, and melanoma often result from the same genetic mutation, and the biological pathway that differentiates the two had been a mystery. (healthnewstrack.com)
Two synchronous malignancies: nodular melanoma and renal cell carcinoma in a patient with an underlying germline BRCA2 mutation. (cdc.gov)

Genetic linkage and candidate gene studies have identified a number of genes involved in melanoma susceptibility, such as MC1R and CDKN2A, via the endophenotypes of pigmentation and nevus proliferation. (nih.gov)
The most recent wave of melanoma GWASs has uncovered genes functioning independently of the known melanoma-associated phenotypes, highlighting the role of processes such as DNA repair and cell cycle control. (nih.gov)

High expression of RAD18 facilitated a highly stem-cell phenotype through the Hippo/YAP pathway, which supports the proliferation of TNBC. (nature.com)
A clear example of the critical role of CTLA4 on tolerance is the striking phenotype of CTLA4 knock-out mice, which develop rapid T-cell proliferation and autoimmune infiltration of multiple organs shortly after birth ( 6 , 7 ). (snmjournals.org)

IL-4 or IL-6, in particular IL-6, facilitated IL-2-induced CTL proliferation, but not their cytotoxicity. (johnshopkins.edu)
Humanized anti-CD123 antibody facilitates NK cell antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of Hodgkin lymphoma targets via ARF6/PLD-1. (rndsystems.com)

To evaluate anti-tumour effects and mechanism of novel BF-30 derivative via cell-based assays and melanoma-bearing model mice. (jcancer.org)

Uncultured allogeneic melanoma cells mostly failed to induce CTL proliferation. (johnshopkins.edu)
Hence, we established a two-phase expansion protocol with IL-15 to induce an early NK cell expansion, followed by short exposure to IL-21 that boosted the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against RMS cells. (frontiersin.org)

[ 6 , 7 ] A meta-analysis by Lee et al demonstrated that the prevalence of these mutations may also depend on melanoma histologic subtype. (medscape.com)
Activating mutations upstream may also underlie some epigenetic or within the ERK1/2 cascade are events that change cell signalling. (who.int)

Hydroquinone, an activator of caspase-9 activity via reactive oxygen species, and farnesol, a post-translational down-regulator of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity suppress the growth of murine B16 melanoma cells. (iiarjournals.org)
In murine melanoma xenograft models, this bispecific antibody was shown to significantly inhibit tumor growth. (mskcc.org)

In addition, AKT/mTOR signaling and MAPK signaling were inhibited by JIB extract to suppress melanoma cell growth and proliferation. (medsci.org)

The Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (AFCAPS/TexCAPS) trial to evaluate the efficacy of lovastatin for preventing coronary events, found a significantly decreased incidence of new melanomas in the lovastatin arm compared with the placebo arm. (biomedcentral.com)
A recent meta-analysis described the incidence of melanoma in 12 qualifying randomized controlled statin trials, with a total of 39,426 participants. (biomedcentral.com)
Melanoma is the most malignant and lethal skin tumor owing to its high metastatic ability and the incidence of melanoma has been increasing over the years. (medsci.org)
CSPG4 is expressed both at high levels and in more than 85% of melanomas, a condition whose global incidence is increasing by 3%-7% annually. (mskcc.org)

Melanoma is characterized by a significant metabolic remodeling, which contributes to metastasis and treatment resistance. (umontreal.ca)

It is an attractive immunotherapy target since it is strongly expressed in melanoma and numerous other cancers, yet highly restricted in normal human tissues. (mskcc.org)

The potent endothelial cell mitogen vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and its most active receptor VEGF-R2 expression are significantly increased in capillary malformation skin tissue compared with control skin. (medscape.com)
The signature of our top screening hits is significantly correlated with gene expression data from clinical melanoma samples. (cdc.gov)

Protein expression and function of organic anion transporters in short-term and long-term cultures of Huh7 human hepatoma cells. (cancerindex.org)

The current treatments for melanoma are surgery, which is performed in the early stages of the disease, and neoadjuvant treatments for advanced patients, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and combination therapy [ 2 , 3 ]. (medsci.org)
Among these, targeted therapy and immunotherapy are now the current main therapeutic procedure in melanoma. (medsci.org)
This regulation could contribute to melanoma immunosuppression and determine the tumor's response to immunotherapy. (umontreal.ca)

Collectively, our results indicate that JIB extract showed anti-tumor effects and synergized with cisplatin against B16/F10 cells, indicating the possibility of JIB extract to be developed as adjuvant therapy for melanoma. (medsci.org)

In vitro impact of a whey protein isolate (WPI) and collagen hydrolysates (CHs) on B16F10 melanoma cells proliferation. (greenmedinfo.com)
Most naïve T cells do not express surface CTLA4 because of its binding to AP50, a subunit of the clathrin adaptor AP-2 protein ( 2 ). (snmjournals.org)
This protein is part of a signaling pathway known as the RAS/MAPK pathway, which controls several important cell functions. (medlineplus.gov)
Almost all of these genetic changes abnormally activate the protein, which disrupts the tightly regulated RAS/MAPK signaling pathway in cells throughout the body. (medlineplus.gov)
JIB extract induced cell cycle arrest at the G 0 /G 1 phase and decreased cyclin and cdk protein expressions. (medsci.org)
One protein that keeps healthy cells from behaving this way is a tumor suppressor named p53. (medindia.net)
Protein transport between the nuclear and the cytoplasmic compartment is a key factor for cell viability and proliferation. (massgeneral.org)
Investigator Arance Fernandez pointed out that patients with advanced melanoma who progress on standard-of-care treatment with anti-PD-1 therapy or a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor plus anti-PD-1 "have very limited therapeutic options available and there is no approved regimen in this indication. (medscape.com)
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by normal prostate cells. (medscape.com)
DeMarini, and Chapter 20, by Rice and cell death determine the size protein in several signal ing path- and Herceg). (who.int)

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a group of idiopathic disorders characterized by the presence of cells with characteristics similar to bone marrow-derived Langerhans cells juxtaposed against a backdrop of hematopoietic cells, including T-cells, macrophages, and eosinophils. (medscape.com)
Hematologic neoplasms are abnormal and anarchic proliferations of hematopoietic cells with a medullary or peripheral starting point. (bvsalud.org)

Our findings reveal a distinct role of STAF65gamma in nuclear import, transcriptional repression, and cell cycle regulation at high levels of expression, which is associated with poor clinical outcomes of lung adenocarcinoma. (nih.gov)
Chemoprevention agents for melanoma: A path forward into phase 3 clinical trials. (uc.edu)
Many culturing strategies are based on the addition of feeder or accessory cells, which need to be removed prior to the clinical application of the final NK cell product. (frontiersin.org)

We show that different cellular stresses affecting metabolic and epigenetic processes or translation decrease PGC-1s expression and the viability of melanoma cell lines. (umontreal.ca)

The aberrant metabolism of H 2 S is involved in the pathogenesis of several skin diseases, such as vascular disorders, psoriasis, ulcers, pigment disorders, and melanoma. (hindawi.com)
[ 4 ] This may suggest that VEGF and VEGF-R could contribute to the pathogenesis of capillary malformations by inducing vessel proliferation and/or vasodilatation. (medscape.com)
The pathogenesis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is unknown. (medscape.com)

Recognition of a new ARTC1 peptide ligand uniquely expressed in tumor cells by antigen-specific CD4+ regulatory T cells. (nih.gov)
The cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) is a coinhibitory activation-induced surface receptor on T cells that functions as a major negative regulator of anti-self-immune responses. (snmjournals.org)
It provides a dominant negative signaling to T cells on binding to the costimulatory molecules CD80 (B7.1) and CD86 (B7.2) expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells ( 1 ). (snmjournals.org)
Cell surface CTLA4 has 100-1,000 times higher affinity for the costimulatory molecules expressed by antigen-presenting cells, thereby efficiently competing with the positive costimulatory receptor CD28 ( 1 ). (snmjournals.org)
Despite occasional cases of expansion of melanoma-specific T cells ( 14 , 15 ), the bulk of the data suggest that there is no detectable expansion of tumor antigen-specific lymphocytes, in particular when focusing on CD8+ T-cell responses. (snmjournals.org)
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that have a notable role in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. (mdpi.com)
CSPG4 is an established melanoma-associated tumor antigen (also known as High-molecular-weight melanoma-associated antigen). (mskcc.org)
and, in response to antigen, are subsequently secreted by plasma cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Immunohistochemical testing showed that 1 T-cell lymphoma expressed MCPyV T-antigen. (cdc.gov)

The transforming gene products of these viruses, such as the E1A oncoproteins of adenovirus 5, led to the identification of cellular factor p60, known as cyclin A. This research was the first demonstration of a physical link between cellular transformation and the cell cycle, thereby paving the way for the melding of these two areas of research. (newswise.com)
Melanoma risk is associated with vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms. (cdc.gov)

Joseph Thomas Bagnara (1929-2016), a pioneer of Pigment Cell Biology par excellence. (uc.edu)

In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of ACY-1215, a histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor (HDAC6i), to attenuate MUM cell growth in vitro and in vivo, and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. (biorxiv.org)
In our study, we identified that the drug ACY-1215 prevents the growth of UM cells from the liver. (biorxiv.org)
Changes in cell cycle phases were characterized by a general decrease in the G2/M phase that emphasizes growth arrest, some increase in phase S (BCH-P1 and F4) but a strong increase in G0/G1 phase for BCH-P1 and F4. (greenmedinfo.com)
High doses inhibit growth and proliferation of melanoma cells. (wikipedia.org)

In December 2021, the FDA approved the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab for the adjuvant treatment of stage IIB or IIC melanoma following complete resection in adult and pediatric patients aged 12 years and older. (medscape.com)

GSK'212 may inhibit a critical node on a key pathway underpinning melanoma cell proliferation. (gsk.com)

The role of uncultured melanoma cells in the proliferation of autologous tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) was investigated. (johnshopkins.edu)

PFKP expression in human melanoma tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry . (bvsalud.org)
This rare condition is characterized by the abnormal production and accumulation of immune system cells called histiocytes in many of the body's tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
Also included in our study were 157 nonlymphoma frozen tissue specimens, including 110 benign lymph node biopsy specimens from healthy patients or patients with inflammatory disease, 27 lymph nodes from patients with metastatic carcinoma or melanoma, 7 biopsy specimens of inflammatory tissues, and 13 other neoplastic (non-MCC) tissue samples. (cdc.gov)
Tissues and Cells. (lu.se)

In vivo, knockdown of PFKP in melanoma cells markedly reduced tumorigenesis . (bvsalud.org)
We first show that PGC-1β knockdown decreases the proliferation of melanoma cell lines. (umontreal.ca)

Variation in color and/or an increase in diameter, height, or asymmetry of borders of a pigmented lesion are noted by the majority of patients with melanoma. (medscape.com)
Additionally, adjuvant treatment for stage III melanoma following complete resection expanded to include pediatric patients aged 12 years and older. (medscape.com)
We tested the role of whole-body molecular imaging in patients with advanced melanoma receiving the CTLA4-blocking antibody tremelimumab, allowing the analysis of changes in glucose metabolism using the PET probe 18 F-FDG and cell replication with the PET probe 3′-deoxy-3′- 18 F-fluorothymidine ( 18 F-FLT). (snmjournals.org)
Besides, 12% of patients have second- or third-degree skin reactions that are sensitive to light, and about 18% of patients develop cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma or occurred at the same time [ 6 ]. (medsci.org)
Significance of glutathione S-transferases M1, T1 and P1 polymorphisms in Swedish melanoma patients. (cdc.gov)
Les concentrations sériques de sCD40L circulant et d'interleukine 10 circulante ont été analysées à l'aide de la méthode immuno-enzymatique chez 30 patients positifs pour le VHC avec un CHC, chez 30 patients patients positifs pour le VHC avec une cirrhose du foie, et chez 30 volontaires d'âge correspondant en bonne santé avec des anticorps anti-VHC négatifs servant de groupe témoin. (who.int)
Le protocole utilisé dans le traitement du myélome multiple a été le VMCD-REV à 76,92% avec pour réponse thérapeutique complète chez 6 patients, 3 réponses partielles et 4 en cours de traitement. (bvsalud.org)

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease resulting from the destruction of insulinproducing β cells in the pancreas, that leads to hyperglycemia [1,2,20]. (researchgate.net)
[ 3 ] Taken together, these findings have led some to speculate that LCH is not a specific disease of epidermal Langerhans cells, but rather one of mononuclear phagocyte dysregulation. (medscape.com)

In this study, we addressed feeder cell-free expansion methods using common γ-chain cytokines, especially IL-15 and IL-21. (frontiersin.org)

Anatomy20

Organisms7

Diseases21

Chemicals and Drugs81

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Metastatic melanoma13

Malignant melanoma9

Inhibition8

Induces6

Uveal melanoma13

Progression10

Inhibitory9

Differentiation6

Inhibits6

Tumors8

Human melanoma cells1

Apoptosis3

BRAF18

Melanocytes8

Required to inhibit1

Proteins6

Role in melanoma2

Migration8

Cancer25

Invasion2

Lead to melanoma1

Survival10

Skin cancers1

Regulates2

Inhibit the proliferation1

Lymphoid9

Cutaneous melanoma8

Mutation2

Genes2

Phenotype2

Cytotoxicity2

Assays1

Induce2

Mutations2

Murine2

Suppress1

Incidence4

Metastasis1

Cancers1

Significantly2

Hepatoma1

Immunotherapy3

Adjuvant therapy1

Protein10

Hematopoietic cells2

Clinical3

Viability1

Pathogenesis3

Antigen9

Gene2

20161

Growth4

20211

Pathway1

Tumor-specific1

Tissues4

Knockdown2

Patients7

Disease2

Methods1