• Phosphorylation introduces a charged and hydrophilic group in the side chain of amino acids, possibly changing a protein's structure by altering interactions with nearby amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
  • The addition of a phosphate (PO43-) molecule to a non-polar R group of an amino acid residue can turn a hydrophobic portion of a protein into a polar and extremely hydrophilic portion of a molecule. (wikipedia.org)
  • FLIM-FRET analysis of protein-protein interactions showed that PLIN5 S155 phosphorylation regulates PLIN5 interaction with adipose triglyceride lipase at the lipid droplet, but not with α-β hydrolase domain-containing 5. (uci.edu)
  • Phosphorylation regulates protein function and cell signaling by causing conformational changes in the phosphorylated protein. (github.io)
  • This phosphorylation causes dramatic conformational changes, which enable full activation and interaction of MAPK1/ERK2 with its substrates. (assaygenie.com)
  • The name of this modification indicates the protein phosphorylation of serine 10 on histone H3 protein subunit: The addition of a negatively charged phosphate group can lead to major changes in protein structure, leading to the well-characterized role of phosphorylation in controlling protein function. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reversible phosphorylation results in a conformational change in the structure in many enzymes and receptors, causing them to become activated or deactivated. (wikipedia.org)
  • These enzymes promote transfer of a gamma phosphate group from ATP to a tyrosine residue on a protein. (callaix.com)
  • Phosphorylation allows cells to accumulate sugars because the phosphate group prevents the molecules from diffusing back across their transporter. (github.io)
  • MAPK cascades also plays a role in initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors. (assaygenie.com)
  • The mitotic inducer nim1+ functions in a regulatory network of protein kinase homologs controlling the initiation of mitosis. (wikidata.org)
  • Completion of DNA replication is monitored by a feedback system that controls the initiation of mitosis in vitro: studies in Xenopus. (wikidata.org)
  • Perilipin 5 (PLIN5) is a lipid-droplet-associated protein that coordinates intracellular lipolysis in highly oxidative tissues and is thought to regulate lipid metabolism in response to phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA). (uci.edu)
  • Ectopic up-regulation of PTPRD in neuroblastoma dephosphorylates tyrosine residues in AURKA resulting in a destabilization of this protein culminating in interfering with one of AURKA's primary functions in neuroblastoma, the stabilization of MYCN protein, the gene of which is amplified in approximately 25 to 30% of high risk neuroblastoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • DksA-DnaJ redox interactions provide a theoretical explanation for why spindle checkpoint activity with direct comparisons between meiosis and mitosis in cells containing the gene of interest were used to generate cDNA using 100 U M-MLV reverse transcriptase (Promega). (kameshwarmahadev.com)
  • H3S10p temporarily increases during mitosis while H3K9me3 decareses and H3K9me3 recovers upon mitotic exit. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is a mark that indicates the phosphorylation the 10th serine residue of the histone H3 protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is not clear what structural implications histone phosphorylation has, but histone phosphorylation has clear functions as a post-translational modification. (wikipedia.org)
  • Post-translational modification of histones such as histone phosphorylation has been shown to modify the chromatin structure by changing protein:DNA or protein:protein interactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2 In addition to the well-established epigenetic role of DNA methylation, this definition includes a variety of more transient histone modifications such as acetylation, methylation, or phosphorylation that underlie epigenetic effects, and that will be discussed in this chapter along with the influence of SUMOylation, ubiquitination, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) ribosylation, and microRNA. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • Tseng BS, Tan L, Kapoor TM, Funabiki H. Spc105 recruits PP1 to bind Spc105KNL1 and silence the spindle checkpoint is less persistent in meiosis I has a more robust to confounding (Fig 3B), allowing larger p values approximate the SDE estimator and result in bending. (kameshwarmahadev.com)
  • Background: The phosphorylation of NF-kappaB inhibitor alpha (IκBα) protein is pivotal to the regulation of NF-κB transcription factor activity in the cell. (researchsquare.com)
  • H3S10 and H3S28 phosphorylation is an excellent illustration of this duality: both phosphorylated residues are involved in chromatin compaction during mitosis and meiosis, as well as chromatin relaxation after transcription activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The role of phosphorylation and the CDC28 protein kinase in cell cycle-regulated nuclear import of the S. cerevisiae transcription factor SWI5. (wikidata.org)
  • We investigated the new phosphorylation site for IκBα and identified its biological function in breast cancer cells. (researchsquare.com)
  • We sought to identify PKA phosphorylation sites in PLIN5 and assess their functional relevance in cultured cells and the livers of mice. (uci.edu)
  • Expression of phosphorylation-defective PLIN5 S155A in Plin5 null cells resulted in decreased rates of lipolysis and triglyceride-derived fatty acid oxidation. (uci.edu)
  • To identify the essential domains of IκBα for phosphorylation of IκBα by AURK, kinase assay was performed with a series of IκBα truncation mutants. (researchsquare.com)
  • Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphoryl (PO3) group to a molecule. (github.io)
  • Perilipin 5 S155 phosphorylation by PKA is required for the control of hepatic lipid metabolism and glycemic control. (uci.edu)
  • We detected phosphorylation on S155 and identified S155 as a functionally important site for lipid metabolism. (uci.edu)