• A megakaryocyte (mega- + karyo- + -cyte, "large-nucleus cell") is a large bone marrow cell with a lobated nucleus that produces blood platelets (thrombocytes), which are necessary for normal clotting. (wikipedia.org)
  • Once the cell has completed differentiation and become a mature megakaryocyte, it begins the process of producing platelets. (wikipedia.org)
  • Platelets are held within these internal membranes within the cytoplasm of megakaryocytes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Megakaryocytes are directly responsible for producing platelets, which are needed for the formation of a thrombus, or blood clot. (wikipedia.org)
  • Megakaryocytes (MKs) generate platelets via intravascular protrusions termed proplatelets, which are tandem arrays of platelet-sized swellings with a beaded appearance. (nih.gov)
  • Intracytoplasmic neutrophils develop membrane contiguity with the demarcation membrane system, thereby transferring membrane to the megakaryocyte and to daughter platelets. (elifesciences.org)
  • These findings identify emperipolesis as a new cell-in-cell interaction that enables neutrophils and potentially other cells passing through the megakaryocyte cytoplasm to modulate the production and membrane content of platelets. (elifesciences.org)
  • Megakaryocytes (MKs) are the cellular source of platelets. (elifesciences.org)
  • Circulating platelets were thought to arise solely from the protrusion and fragmentation of megakaryocyte cytoplasm. (rupress.org)
  • Platelets are continuously produced by fragmentation of the cytoplasm of their giant polyploid precursors in the bone marrow, the megakaryocytes. (rupress.org)
  • Even though the platelets released by megakaryocyte rupture were mildly enlarged in size, they were functionally indistinguishable from proplatelet-derived platelets. (rupress.org)
  • However, the ability to generate large numbers of platelets is limited by the challenges of (1) producing many megakaryocytes (Mks) from each input CD34+ cell and (2) efficiently generating platelet-like-particles (PLPs) from Mks. (engconfintl.org)
  • In platelets, PIKfyve inhibition specifically impaired the integrity of dense granules culminating in defects in their secretion, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation.CONCLUSIONS:These data demonstrated that PIKfyve and its lipid products PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P2control granule integrity both in megakaryocytes and platelets. (acmv.com.co)
  • The platelets arise from the fragmentation of the cytoplasm of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and circulate in blood as disc-shaped anucleate particles for 7-10 days. (medscape.com)
  • It is believed that megakaryocytes undergo a specialized form of apoptosis to shed platelets. (medhelp.org)
  • TPO is sufficient but not absolutely necessary for inducing differentiation of progenitor cells in the bone marrow towards a final megakaryocyte phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many of the morphological features of megakaryocyte differentiation can be recapitulated in non-hematopoietic cells by the expression of Class VI β-tubulin (β6) and they provide a mechanistic basis for understanding these changes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of megakaryocyte differentiation. (virtualflybrain.org)
  • Together with in vitro and in vivo analysis, we demonstrated that Hcy promoted megakaryocytes (MKs) differentiation via growth hormone (GH)-PI3K-Akt axis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We identified a bias toward megakaryocyte differentiation apparent from early multipotent stem cells in myelofibrosis and associated aberrant molecular signatures. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In the present study, primary human bone marrow cells were cultured for 12 days in megakaryocyte lineage induction (MKLI) media to induce their differentiation into megakaryocyte (MK) lineage cells, in the presence or absence (+/-) of TWS119, a GSK-3β inhibitor, during MK differentiation from stem cells and subsequent platelet production. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Myelofibrosis (MF) is a clonal neoplasia of the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells characterized by distinctive abnormalities in megakaryocyte (MKC) development and platelet (PLT) activation. (unibo.it)
  • Megakaryocytes are derived from hematopoietic stem cell precursor cells in the bone marrow. (wikipedia.org)
  • Myelofibrosis is a severe myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by increased numbers of abnormal bone marrow megakaryocytes that induce fibrosis, destroying the hematopoietic microenvironment. (ox.ac.uk)
  • To resolve this paradox, we generated mice with hematopoietic- or megakaryocyte-specific deletions of the essential mediators of apoptosis, Bak and Bax. (medhelp.org)
  • A sub-fraction of myelofibrosis megakaryocyte progenitors (MkPs) are transcriptionally similar to healthy-donor MkPs, but the majority are disease specific, with distinct populations expressing fibrosis- and proliferation-associated genes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Conversely, a range of pathophysiological insults, including chemotherapy, are thought to cause thrombocytopenia by inducing the apoptotic death of megakaryocytes and their progenitors. (medhelp.org)
  • The bHLH protein SCL/Tal-l interacts with the co-repressor ETO-2 in erythroid cells and megakaryocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Basophils, lymphoid cells, and megakaryocytes are not direct precursors of mast cells. (proprofs.com)
  • During its maturation, the megakaryocyte grows in size and replicates its DNA without cytokinesis in a process called endomitosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201410052 ) show that platelet release from megakaryocytes can be induced by interleukin-1α (IL-1α) via a new rupture mechanism, which yields higher platelet numbers, occurs independently of the key regulator of megakaryopoiesis thrombopoietin, and may occur during situations of acute platelet need. (rupress.org)
  • A 3D microvasculature assay reveals novel sub-cellular dynamics of megakaryocyte endothelial barrier interactions, proplatelet formation and release. (isth.org)
  • There are several diseases that are directly attributable to abnormal megakaryocyte function or abnormal platelet function. (wikipedia.org)
  • In humans, megakaryocytes usually account for 1 out of 10,000 bone marrow cells, but can increase in number nearly 10-fold during the course of certain diseases. (wikipedia.org)
  • The megakaryocyte develops through the following lineage: CFU-Me (pluripotential hemopoietic stem cell or hemocytoblast) → megakaryoblast → promegakaryocyte → megakaryocyte. (wikipedia.org)
  • The development of a megakaryocyte lineage specific Cre deleter, using the Pf4 (CXCL4) promoter (Pf4-Cre), was a significant step forward in the specific analysis of platelet and megakaryocyte cell biology. (nih.gov)
  • We recently established expandable immortalized megakaryocyte cell lines (imMKCLs) from hPSCs by transducing MYC, BMI1, and BCL-XL (MBX). (hokudai.ac.jp)
  • We have isolated a cDNA clone encoding a novel human intracytoplasmic tyrosine kinase, termed matk (megakaryocyte-associated tyrosine kinase). (ox.ac.uk)
  • Bone marrow megakaryocytes engulf neutrophils in a phenomenon termed emperipolesis. (elifesciences.org)
  • In megakaryocytes, PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P2were found in alpha and dense granule membranes with higher levels in dense granules. (acmv.com.co)
  • Pharmacological inhibition or knock-down of PIKfyve in megakaryocytes decreased PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P2synthesis and induced a vacuolar phenotype with a loss of alpha and dense granule identity. (acmv.com.co)
  • Antibodies raised against the NH2 terminus of matk immunoprecipitated a 60-kDa protein from the CMK human megakaryocyte cell line. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In stark contrast, deletion of the prosurvival protein Bcl-xL resulted in megakaryocyte apoptosis and a failure of platelet shedding. (medhelp.org)
  • As a result, the nucleus of the megakaryocyte can become very large and lobulated, which, under a light microscope, can give the false impression that there are several nuclei. (wikipedia.org)
  • We examined the effect on megakaryocytes of three agents that activate the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in other cell types: etoposide, staurosporine, and the BH3 mimetic ABT-737. (medhelp.org)
  • The primary signal for megakaryocyte production is thrombopoietin or TPO. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thrombopoietin plays a role in inducing the megakaryocyte to form small proto-platelet processes. (wikipedia.org)
  • An improved plasma culture system for the production of megakaryocyte " by H Mizoguchi, K Kubota et al. (jax.org)
  • An improved plasma culture system for the production of megakaryocyte colonies in vitro. (jax.org)
  • This work provides for the first time an explanation of how megakaryocytes can maintain platelet mass equilibrium and quickly restore platelet numbers under pathological conditions associated with increased platelet turnover. (rupress.org)
  • Mutant-clone HSPCs have increased expression of megakaryocyte-associated genes compared to wild-type HSPCs, and we provide early validation of G6B as a potential immunotherapy target. (ox.ac.uk)