GenesEnhancerProteinsBHLH transcriptionHumansMEF2CCardiacDifferentiationDevelopmentalEmbryonic developmentDirect transcriptionalTranscriptionalGeneGenomeKnockoutDrosophilaNeuronal activityProteinMef2dRegulatorsRegulatesRegulateFunctionalPromoterMutationActivatesEpigeneticPolymeraseMADSBindExpressionInsightsActivationDevelopmentSpecificFound
Genes7
- When activated, MEF2 promoted the transcription of a set of genes, including ore and synGAP, that restrict synapse number. (elsevierpure.com)
- All of the mammalian Mef2 genes share approximately 50% overall amino acid identity and about 95% similarity throughout the highly conserved N-terminal MADS-box and Mef2 domains, however their sequences diverge in their C-terminal transactivation domain (see figure to the right). (wikipedia.org)
- In addition, Mef2 genes are indicated in activating gene expression to aid in sprouting angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from existing vessels. (wikipedia.org)
- We found that HDAC7 specifically interacted with the transcription factor MEF2C in pre-B cells and was recruited to MEF2 binding sites located at the promoters of genes critical for macrophage function. (eur.nl)
- Global gene profiling reveals enrichment for many genes downstream of developmental signaling molecules and self-renewal pathways, such as TGF-β/bone morphogenic protein, Wnt, or fibroblast growth factor, as well as for those that are involved in specification of mesodermal lineages (myocyte enhancer factor 2A, YY1-associated factor 2, and filamin-β). (tau.ac.il)
- Proliferation was characterized by enrichment in genes involved in basic cellular and metabolic processes (transcription, ribosome biogenesis, translation and protein folding), cellular remodelling and autophagy. (biomedcentral.com)
- Fasting also induced muscle atrophy marker genes Murf1 and Fbxo32 and reduced myogenesis factor Mef2 expression without muscle fibre or gender differences. (hku.hk)
Enhancer12
- We show that myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) transcription factors suppressed excitatory synapse number in a neuronal activity- and calcineurin-dependent manner as hippocampal neurons formed synapses. (elsevierpure.com)
- In the field of molecular biology, myocyte enhancer factor-2 (Mef2) proteins are a family of transcription factors which through control of gene expression are important regulators of cellular differentiation and consequently play a critical role in embryonic development. (wikipedia.org)
- Mef2 was originally identified as a transcription factor complex through promoter analysis of the muscle creatine kinase (mck) gene to identify nuclear factors interacting with the mck enhancer region during muscle differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
- Three human mRNA coding sequences designated RSRF (Related to Serum Response Factor) were cloned and shown to dimerize, bind a consensus sequence similar to the one present in the MCK enhancer region, and drive transcription. (wikipedia.org)
- MEF2, Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2, is a transcription factor with four specific numbers such as MEF2A, B, C, and D. Each MEF2 gene is located on a specific chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
- Emerging evidence suggests that myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) transcription factors act as effectors of neurogenesis in the brain, with MEF2C the predominant isoform in developing cerebrocortex. (ca.gov)
- Myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) family activation is reported to be involved in pitavastatin-dependent KLF4 induction. (soken.ac.jp)
- By applying whole genome and quantitative chromatin conformation analysis {chromatin interaction analysis with paired end tag sequencing (ChIA-PET), and real time chromosome conformation capture (3C) assay}, we observed that the MEF2C-bound enhancer and transcription start site (TSS) of KLF4 came into closer spatial proximity by pitavastatin treatment. (soken.ac.jp)
- Within this conserved region is a consensus site for myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) proteins that we show is bound efficiently by MEF2 and is required for transgene expression in all three muscle lineages in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
- Furthermore, the entire HRC enhancer sequence lacks any discernible CArG motifs, the binding site for serum response factor (SRF), and we show that the enhancer is not activated by SRF. (ox.ac.uk)
- Thus, these studies identify the HRC enhancer as the first MEF2-dependent, CArG-independent transcriptional target in smooth muscle and represent the first analysis of the transcriptional regulation of an SR gene in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
- The activities of transcription factors nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and myocyte enhancer-binding factor (MEF)2, were also enhanced in an IGF-1 signaling-dependent manner. (ox.ac.uk)
Proteins5
- In adult organisms, Mef2 proteins mediate the stress response in some tissues. (wikipedia.org)
- Mef2 proteins contain both MADS-box and Mef2 DNA-binding domains. (wikipedia.org)
- In adult tissues, Mef2 proteins regulate the stress-response during cardiac hypertrophy and tissue remodeling in cardiac and skeletal muscle. (wikipedia.org)
- Analysis of the proteins that activate and repress different enhancers is combined with genetic studies to accurately position these factors within complex signalling networks. (ox.ac.uk)
- these multidomain guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) contain additional domains known to interact with phosphatidylinositides as well as with a number of different proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
BHLH transcription2
- Mammalian Mef2 can cooperate with bHLH transcription factors to turn non-muscle cells in culture into muscle. (wikipedia.org)
- The bHLH transcription factor TWIST1 plays a key role in the embryonic development and in tumorigenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Humans1
- The Mef2 gene is widely expressed in all branches of eukaryotes from yeast to humans. (wikipedia.org)
MEF2C7
- While Drosophila has a single Mef2 gene, vertebrates have at least four versions of the Mef2 gene (human versions are denoted as MEF2A, MEF2B, MEF2C, and MEF2D), all expressed in distinct but overlapping patterns during embryogenesis through adulthood. (wikipedia.org)
- bHLH factors can activate Mef2c expression, which then acts to maintain its own expression. (wikipedia.org)
- Mef2c upregulates the expression of the homeodomain transcription factors DLX5 and DLX6, two transcription factors that are necessary for craniofacial development. (wikipedia.org)
- MEF2C is known to be directly related to congenital heart disease when associated with Tdgf1 (teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1). (wikipedia.org)
- Transcription factor MEF2C influences neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation and maturation in vivo. (ca.gov)
- We focused on MEF2C among the MEF2 family members and identified a novel functional MEF2C binding site 148 kb upstream of the KLF4 gene by chromatin immunoprecipitation along with deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) followed by luciferase assay. (soken.ac.jp)
- Mechanistically, ICN1 upregulated expression of SNAIL1, a transcriptional repressor, to increase TPC number in human ERMS and to block muscle differentiation through suppressing MEF2C, a myogenic differentiation transcription factor. (duke.edu)
Cardiac6
- Mef2 is a critical regulator in heart development and cardiac gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
- Epigenetic mechanisms and transcription factor networks essential for differentiation of cardiac myocytes have been uncovered. (nature.com)
- In contrast, deletion of the E-box elements from the 580bp cardiac α-actin promoter had no effect on transcription of the transgene. (ucl.ac.uk)
- This Sbp sequence does not conform to any known transcription factor binding site involved in contractile isoform regulation, therefore, might represent a novel control element required for cardiac muscle-specific activation of the cardiac α-actin gene. (ucl.ac.uk)
- HRC is a direct transcriptional target of MEF2 during cardiac, skeletal, and arterial smooth muscle development in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
- We have isolated a murine cDNA encoding a 9-kD protein, Chisel (Csl), in a screen for transcriptional targets of the cardiac homeodomain factor Nkx2-5. (ox.ac.uk)
Differentiation2
- MEF2 is known to be involved in the development and the looping of the heart (Chen) MEF2 is necessary for myocyte differentiation and gene activation (Black). (wikipedia.org)
- To date, the central role of specific transcription factors in positively regulating these distinct differentiation processes to acquire a B cell-specific genetic program is well established. (eur.nl)
Developmental1
- The transcription factor MEF2 directs developmental visually-driven functional and structural metaplasticity. (schenlabuottawa.com)
Embryonic development1
- Both roles contribute to the heart structure, and if there is a disruption with MEF2 in embryonic development, it can lead to two phenotypic problems (Karamboulas). (wikipedia.org)
Direct transcriptional1
- SoxF factors induce Notch1 expression via direct transcriptional regulation during early arterial development. (ox.ac.uk)
Transcriptional1
- MAMSTR (MEF2 Activating Motif And SAP Domain Containing Transcriptional Regulator) is a Protein Coding gene. (gzsys.org.cn)
Gene9
- Gel shift experiments reveal that the four consensus MEF2 sites in the 5' flanking region of the XMLC2 gene bind Xenopus MEF2D protein. (ucl.ac.uk)
- This suggests that XMLC2 is a direct target for activation by MEF2D and indicates that functional differences exist between MEF2 family members to activate the XMLC2 gene. (ucl.ac.uk)
- Enhancers are densely clustered groups of transcription factor binding motifs and are the principal regulators of spatio-temporal patterns of gene transcription. (ox.ac.uk)
- In endothelial cells, statin-dependent atheroprotective gene up-regulation is mediated by Kruppel-like factor (KLF) family transcription factors. (soken.ac.jp)
- To better understand these mechanisms involved in gene regulation, we pursue two questions: 1) what are the roles of the chromatin remodeler CHD7 in cerebellar development and 2) what are the roles of the MEF2 TF family in cerebellar function. (wustl.edu)
- Finally, motor activity induces a switch from non-compensatory to compensatory MEF2-dependent gene regulation. (wustl.edu)
- Collectively, our studies on CHD7 and MEF2 provide further understanding of the roles of two critical classes of gene regulators in cerebellar development and function. (wustl.edu)
- Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include nucleic acid binding and obsolete transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding. (gzsys.org.cn)
- Despite the expression of multiple Rho GDP/GTP exchange factors (GEFs) in the nervous system, the Kalrn gene, which encodes multiple isoforms of Kalirin, plays an essential, non-redundant role. (biomedcentral.com)
Genome1
- Genome-wide identification of calcium-response factor (CaRF) binding sites predicts a role in regulation of neuronal signaling pathways. (neurotree.org)
Knockout1
- Using single and double conditional knockout of MEF2 family TFs, we find that MEF2A and MEF2D play functionally redundant roles in cerebellar-dependent motor learning. (wustl.edu)
Drosophila1
- In Drosophila, Mef2 regulates muscle development. (wikipedia.org)
Neuronal activity3
- In response to increased neuronal activity, calcium influx into neurons induced the activation of the calcium/calmodulin-regulated phosphatase calcineurin, which dephosphorylated and activated MEF2. (elsevierpure.com)
- Widespread transcription at neuronal activity-regulated enhancers. (neurotree.org)
- Proteasome activity is also affected by neuronal activity, via increased expression of UBE3A through transcription factor MEF2, which leads to the internalization of AMPA-R. Variations in the Calcium-channel CACNA1C are also associated with ASD and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy_syndrome Timothy Syndrome]. (wikipathways.org)
Protein3
- Through an interaction with the MADS-box, Mef2 transcription factors have the ability to homo- and heterodimerize, and a classic nuclear localization sequence (NLS) in the C-terminus of Mef2A, -C, and - D ensures nuclear localization of the protein. (wikipedia.org)
- Fiore R, Khudayberdiev S, Christensen M, Siegel G, Flavell SW , Kim TK , Greenberg ME , Schratt G. Mef2-mediated transcription of the miR379-410 cluster regulates activity-dependent dendritogenesis by fine-tuning Pumilio2 protein levels. (neurotree.org)
- The small muscle-specific protein Csl modifies cell shape and promotes myocyte fusion in an insulin-like growth factor 1-dependent manner. (ox.ac.uk)
Mef2d1
- The latter part of this dissertation will address the roles of paralogous transcription factors, MEF2A and MEF2D, and their roles in cerebellar function. (wustl.edu)
Regulators2
- Corrigendum: MEF2 transcription factors are key regulators of sprouting angiogenesis. (ox.ac.uk)
- MADS domain transcription factors are key regulators in yeast, animals, and plants. (frontiersin.org)
Regulates4
- PTH regulates myleoid ELF-1-like factor (MEF)-induced MAB-21-like-1 (MAB21L1) expression through the JNK1 pathway. (univ-paris5.fr)
- Proteoglycan 4, a novel immunomodulatory factor, regulates parathyroid hormone actions on hematopoietic cells. (univ-paris5.fr)
- We found that transcription factor MEF2 regulates basal Mfn2 expression in neurons and that excitotoxicity-dependent degradation of MEF2 causes Mfn2 downregulation. (opioid-receptors.com)
- animal model of stroke (Barsoum and models of excitotoxicity via MEF2 degradation that by acting on the Mfn2 promoter regulates basal levels of Mfn2. (opioid-receptors.com)
Regulate1
- In order to understand the development of adiposity, it is crucial to identify the factors and mechanisms that regulate the recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of the vascular stromal fraction of the adipose tissue and its transformation into lipid-filled adipocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
Functional1
- The dynamic cytoskeletal localization of Csl and its dominant effects on cell shape and behavior and transcription factor activity suggest that Csl plays a role in the regulatory network through which muscle cells coordinate their structural and functional states during growth, adaptation, and repair. (ox.ac.uk)
Promoter2
- Characterisation of a 3kb XMLC2 promoter fragment reveals the presence of four MEF2 and four GATA transcription factor binding sites. (ucl.ac.uk)
- The ability of MEF2 factors to activate transcription from the XMLC2 promoter is assayed using microinjection of oocytes. (ucl.ac.uk)
Mutation1
- Mutation of the MEF2 elements indicate that they might play redundant roles in XMLC2 regulation. (ucl.ac.uk)
Activates1
- Parathyroid hormone activates the orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 to induce FGF23 transcription. (univ-paris5.fr)
Epigenetic1
- The whole adipogenic process was driven by a coordinated activation of transcription factors and epigenetic modulators. (biomedcentral.com)
Polymerase1
- The primary microRNA (Pri-miRNA) is produced in the cell nucleus through the transcription of a DNA strand mediated by RNA polymerase II [ 2 ]. (archivesofmedicalscience.com)
MADS2
- The MADS-box serves as the minimal DNA-binding domain, however an adjacent 29-amino acid extension called the Mef2 domain is required for high affinity DNA-binding and dimerization. (wikipedia.org)
- Se han encontrado muchas proteínas con dominio MADS en especies de todos los reinos eucariotas. (bvsalud.org)
Bind1
- Furthermore, transcription factors can bind accessible regions and recruit other factors important for transcription to occur. (wustl.edu)
Expression1
- We further found that the expression of transcription factors Pgc1α, Pparα, Pparγ and Pparδ had muscle fibre type-dependent effects, and the expression of Pgc1α and Pparα had gender-dependent effects. (hku.hk)
Insights1
- New Molecular Insights into the Excitation-Transcription Coupling. (neurotree.org)
Activation1
- Changes in mTOR activation is believed to be a risk factor for ASD. (wikipathways.org)
Development2
- The mTOR pathway is also regulated by the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which plays a key role in the development and the plasticity of the central nervous system and is considered a risk factor for ASD. (wikipathways.org)
- Despite of the relevance of this issue, very little is known about the factors regulating the development of adipose tissue in fish, and the possible health alterations associated to an increased fat deposition. (biomedcentral.com)
Specific1
- The recruitment of chromatin remodelers to specific regions is accomplished by multiple factors including transcription factors. (wustl.edu)
Found1
- D-Mef2 and human MEF2B lack this conserved NLS but are still found in the nucleus. (wikipedia.org)