• The fibers converge onto the inner (medial) part of the quadriceps tendon and the inner (medial) border of the patella. (wikipedia.org)
  • As an alternative to established static reconstruction techniques, dynamic graft techniques have been introduced for stabilizing the patella with the aim of providing a more physiological reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament. (springer.com)
  • The results of the study will clarify whether the reported surgery success for patella stabilization via dynamic MPFL reconstruction is due to muscle contraction or to the passive tenodesis effect combined with clinical outcome measures. (springer.com)
  • This can cause the patella to go "off track," being pulled laterally, due to the quadriceps' lateral muscles being stronger than the medial ones. (acefitness.org)
  • The patella, or knee cap, is a small bone buried in the tendon of the extensor muscles (the quadriceps muscles) of the thigh. (acvs.org)
  • The quadriceps muscle, the patella and its tendon form the "extensor mechanism" and are normally well-aligned with each other. (acvs.org)
  • The gliding motion of the patella across the femur allows smooth extension at the knee and increases the mechanical advantage of the quadriceps. (aafp.org)
  • The patella alters the pull, increases the moment arm, protects the quadriceps tendon, and provides a greater contact surface for the tendon on the trochlea of the femur than would exist without the patella. (physio-pedia.com)
  • Attaches to the quadriceps muscles to the patella (kneecap). (otcbrace.com)
  • The rectus femoris is one of the four quadriceps muscles, all of which attach to the patella. (picmonic.com)
  • The powerful muscles on the front of the thigh, the quadriceps muscles, straighten the knee by pulling at the patellar tendon via the patella. (sportspodiatry.co.uk)
  • One of the quadriceps muscles, the vastus medialis, pulls the patella inward (medially). (sportspodiatry.co.uk)
  • Another quadriceps muscle, the vastus lateralis, pulls the patella outward (laterally). (sportspodiatry.co.uk)
  • There are also smaller rope like structures (ligaments) on the inner (medial) and outer (lateral) sides of the patella. (sportspodiatry.co.uk)
  • These small ligaments work with the quadriceps muscles to help keep the patella in the centre of the femoral groove. (sportspodiatry.co.uk)
  • MPL surgery for dogs are needed when the medial luxating patella, commonly called a "trick knee," acts up. (animalmedicalcenterav.com)
  • The tendon of the quadriceps femoris completely encompasses the patella. (medscape.com)
  • The vastus medialis and lateralis contribute to the patellar ligament medially and laterally through the medial and lateral retinacula, which make up the joint capsule of the knee on either side of the patella. (medscape.com)
  • The patella (kneecap) is a protective bone attached to the quadriceps muscles of the thigh by quadriceps tendon. (stephenthonmd.com)
  • The patella is protected by a ligament called the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL), which prevents the kneecap from gliding out. (stephenthonmd.com)
  • The patella slides within a groove (called the trochlear groove) and serves as a fulcrum for the extensor muscles and their tendons as they course over the front of the stifle (or knee) joint. (blogspot.com)
  • The patella is attached proximally to the quadriceps and biceps femoris muscles and distally to the tibia. (blogspot.com)
  • Inadvertent locking of the patella over the medial femoral trochlea prevents normal flexion of the affected limb(s). (blogspot.com)
  • Lack of fitness: Lack of quadriceps and/or biceps femoris muscle tone results in an inability to quickly pull the patella up and off of the medial femoral trochlea. (blogspot.com)
  • Straight or upright pelvic limb conformation: This places the medial femoral trochlea further distad in closer proximity with the patella, facilitating patellar fixation. (blogspot.com)
  • The patella transfers the mechanical force of the quadriceps (thigh) muscles around the knee as the knee moves. (myfootshop.com)
  • The medial patellofemoral ligament is the main stabilizer of the patella in preventing the patella from shifting laterally. (sportsinjuryclinic.net)
  • Factors to consider include, depth of the trochlear groove, alignment of the quadriceps mechanism (quadriceps, patella, patellar tendon), and the presence of excessive laxity or tension of the joint capsule and retinacular tissues medially and laterally. (vin.com)
  • Patella is protected by a ligament which secures the kneecap from gliding out and is called as medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL). (sportsandshoulderdoc.com)
  • The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is located at the inner side the knee joint. (otcbrace.com)
  • Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury is one of the most common knee injuries, especially in young athletic patients. (wbsphysicaltherapy.com)
  • The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is a broad, thick band found on the inside area of the knee. (wbsphysicaltherapy.com)
  • The extracapsular ligaments or external ligaments are the patellar ligament, medial collateral ligament (MCL), lateral collateral ligament (LCLs), oblique popliteal ligament, and arcuate popliteal ligament. (medscape.com)
  • The medial collateral ligament (MCL) provides medial stability. (medscape.com)
  • How is a medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury treated? (stanfordhealthcare.org)
  • the medial (tibial) collateral ligament has a superficial extracapsular portion and a deep portion that is part of the joint capsule. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The vastus medialis arises medially along the entire length of the femur, and attaches with the other muscles of the quadriceps in the quadriceps tendon. (wikipedia.org)
  • The top (base) is connected to your quad muscle by the quadriceps tendon. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • A strain is abnormal stretching or tearing of a muscle or tendon. (medicinenet.com)
  • Physicians grade sprain and strains based on how much damage has occurred to the muscle, tendon, or ligament. (medicinenet.com)
  • A strain is an injury to muscle or tendon tissue. (medicinenet.com)
  • A muscle attaches to bone on each side of a joint, either directly or by way of a tendon. (medicinenet.com)
  • The transition of muscle to tendon happens gradually as muscle fibers give way to tendon fibers before the bony attachment occurs. (medicinenet.com)
  • A strain is a damage caused by an overstretched muscle or tendon, causing its fibers to be pulled apart, losing the ability to adequately contract. (medicinenet.com)
  • The most common cause of a muscle or tendon strain is overuse, which weakens the tissue fibers. (medicinenet.com)
  • Muscles and joints may also be forced to perform movements for which they are not prepared or designed, stretching and potentially damaging the surrounding muscle or tendon. (medicinenet.com)
  • The damage can occur in three areas: the muscle itself, the muscle-tendon intersection where the muscle fibers transition to tendon fibers, or the tendon itself. (medicinenet.com)
  • The extensor mechanism originates from the hip area, includes the quadriceps muscle, knee cap and patellar tendon, and attaches on the tibial crest. (acvs.org)
  • The extra-articular muscle-tendon units include the quadriceps and patellar tendons (responsible for knee extension), medial and lateral hamstrings (chiefly responsible for knee flexion), gastrocnemius muscle, popliteal ligament and iliotibial band ( Figure 2 ) . (aafp.org)
  • The large muscle group found in front of the thigh that traverses the femur and terminates at the supra-patellar tendon. (otcbrace.com)
  • The calf muscles, including the gastrocnemius and soleus, join to form the strong calcaneal (Achilles) tendon of the heel and attach to the calcaneus bone in the heel. (innerbody.com)
  • It is the distal part of the quadriceps tendon and attaches to the tibial tuberosity. (medscape.com)
  • Lateral release of the retinaculum and other muscle fibres VMO tendon advancement Tibial tubercle transfer. (sportsinjuryclinic.net)
  • In response to sway medial perturbations the patients with severe KOA-I increased the co-contraction of the quadriceps versus hamstrings muscles during terminal stance. (eur.nl)
  • Most people think that as long as their leg day workout routine includes exercises for the quadriceps and hamstrings, they are good to go. (athleanx.com)
  • The quads, hamstrings, adductors, and abductors are all important muscle groups in the legs that can be targeted with leg workouts at the gym or leg workouts at home. (athleanx.com)
  • Posterior muscles, such as the hamstrings and gluteus maximus, produce the opposite motion - extension of the thigh at the hip and flexion of the leg at the knee. (innerbody.com)
  • Your doctor may recommend physical therapy to increase range of motion and strengthen your quadriceps muscles and hamstrings. (stanfordhealthcare.org)
  • If posterior groups such as calf muscles and hamstrings are tight extra stress is placed on the knee as it does not fully extend through the gait cycle. (sportspodiatry.co.uk)
  • Medial patellofemoral ligament This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 471 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918) Drake, Richard L. (wikipedia.org)
  • One of the leading surgical strategies is medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction. (springer.com)
  • Over-tensioning is one of the most challenging complications in static medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction as the graft used for reconstruction is isometric and the anatomical MPFL is a mostly dynamic structure. (springer.com)
  • Here, we present the protocol of a randomized clinical trial for comparing clinical and biomechanical outcomes of dynamic versus static medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction. (springer.com)
  • The stronger those muscles are, the less likely you will need a knee replacement, and the less likely you will be to sustain a ligament or cartilage injury. (acefitness.org)
  • A grade three injury, where the muscle or ligament is completely torn, is considered the most severe strain or severe sprain. (medicinenet.com)
  • Proximal tibia is wider than the distal cylindrical tibia * Medial and lateral tibial condyles, an intercondylar eminence, and a tibial tuberosity are all positioned on the proximal tibia * Large tibial tuberosity - patellar ligament * Tibial plateau slopes distally from cranial to caudal. (physio-pedia.com)
  • Horses have 3 distal patellar ligaments: the medial patellar ligament, the middle patellar ligament, and the lateral patellar ligament. (blogspot.com)
  • Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS), commonly known as shin-splints, is associated with pain located on or near the anterior midline of the distal (lower) tibia (shin bone) (Lopes et al. (unm.edu)
  • 2012). MTSS is caused by excessive stress on the medial (inside) border of the tibia from biomechanical running factors such as over-pronation, leading to pain and inflammation. (unm.edu)
  • The extensor groove, on the cranial tibia and lateral to the tibial tuberosity, provides a pathway for the long digital extensor muscle. (physio-pedia.com)
  • The tibia articulates with the distal lateral and medial femoral condyles. (medscape.com)
  • It runs from the medial femoral epicondyle to the tibia where it fans out on the medial side. (medscape.com)
  • It arises from the ASIS and inserts in the medial surface of the tibia. (picmonic.com)
  • In particular, the crest on the tibia where the thigh muscle (the quadriceps femoris) attaches may have migrated inward. (animalmedicalcenterav.com)
  • The tibia lies distal to the femur and medial to the fibula. (medscape.com)
  • The MCL extends from the medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial condyle and superior part of the medial surface of the tibia. (medscape.com)
  • The tibial sesamoid is named after the tibia , the large bone of the medial (inside) ankle and the fibular sesamoid is named after the fibula , the lateral (outside) bone of the ankle. (myfootshop.com)
  • The vastus medialis muscle originates from a continuous line of attachment on the femur, which begins on the front and middle side (anteromedially) on the intertrochanteric line of the femur. (wikipedia.org)
  • It continues down and back (posteroinferiorly) along the pectineal line and then descends along the inner (medial) lip of the linea aspera and onto the medial supracondylar line of the femur. (wikipedia.org)
  • A buttress plate in the medial region of the femur neck with cannulated screws offers patients the best biomechanical microenvironment needed for fracture healing without obviously blood-supply disruption, especially in Pauwels type Ⅱ and III. (researchsquare.com)
  • during normal motion, the contact point between the femur and the medial tibial plateau is relatively stationary (the medial pivot point of the knee). (orthobullets.com)
  • The vastus medialis lies on the medial side of the femur and helps to extend the knee. (picmonic.com)
  • The proximal end consists of medial and lateral condyles, an intercondylar area, and the tibial tuberosity that articulates with the medial and lateral condyles of the femur. (medscape.com)
  • Exercising will strengthen the quadriceps femoris muscle, particularly the medial great muscle. (correns-europe.com)
  • The only component of the quadriceps muscle that has an attachment above the hip is the rectus femoris muscle. (athleanx.com)
  • It cannot be seen without dissection of the rectus femoris muscle. (picmonic.com)
  • Loading response plantar flexion is passive, substantially restrained by eccentric work of pretibial muscles. (medscape.com)
  • Subjects first performed a maximal isometric knee extension (IKE) and knee flexion (IKF) followed by the IS and muscle activity (EMG max ) was recorded for the vastus medialis (VMO), vastus lateralis (VL), semitendinosus (ST) and biceps femoris (BF). (jssm.org)
  • Patients with KOA-I respond to different gait perturbations by increasing knee flexion angles, co-contraction of muscles or both during terminal stance. (eur.nl)
  • When our research group gave passive flexion and extension exercise of the stifle joint to newborn puppies, not more than30 days old, for strengthening the muscles, expanding the range of motion of the stifle joint, and promoting skeletal growth, all cases showed remarkable improvement in motor functions of the hind limbs, and even surgical intervention became unnecessary in many cases. (vin.com)
  • Trunk neuromuscular strategies during sharper cutting angles revealed the importance of external oblique muscles to maintain trunk lateral flexion at the expense of trunk rotation. (jssm.org)
  • Note that pectineus is sometimes classified as a medial thigh muscle given its role in hip flexion and adduction. (picmonic.com)
  • The patella's medial facet (the side closer to the inside of your body) articulates (moves) with your femur's medial condyle. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • It is palpable, and articulates with the lateral femoral condyle # The sesamoid in the medial head is smaller and may not have a distinct facet on the medial femoral condyle. (physio-pedia.com)
  • Having athletes train with a WNM device has now been shown to effectively strengthen the ACL and its supporting muscles, and coaches should consider ways to implement this valuable knowledge. (training-conditioning.com)
  • Activating muscles can help strengthen muscles. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This is usually done none weight bearing, however the use of a wobbleboard is an excellent way to strengthen muscles around the knee, foot and ankle in a controlled gentle manner. (sportspodiatry.co.uk)
  • As you strengthen your leg muscle tissues via hill operating, you may additionally scale back the chance of affected by ​running-related accidents. (patzs.com)
  • Exercises to strengthen the Quadriceps muscles, in particular, the VMO (vastus medialis oblique) muscle. (sportsinjuryclinic.net)
  • The intra-articular structures include the medial and lateral menisci and the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments ( Figure 1 ) . (aafp.org)
  • Sprains of the external (medial and lateral collateral) or internal (anterior and posterior cruciate) ligaments or injuries of the menisci may result from knee trauma. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The medial and lateral joint lines correspond to locations of the medial and lateral menisci and can be located by palpation while slowly flexing and extending the knee. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The obliquus genus muscle is the most distal segment of the vastus medialis muscle. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are two parts to the calf muscle: the Gastrocnemius and the Soleus. (athleanx.com)
  • The upper part of the soleus muscle fiber is behind the gastrocnemius. (athleanx.com)
  • To describe a kinesiologic EMG method and determine the reliability of EMG activity of representative muscles of mastication (temporal, masseter), posture of neck (sternocleidomastoid, trapezius) and trunk (rectus abdominis, paravertebral), and lower extremity strength (rectus femoris, medial gastrocnemius) during simulation of activities of daily living. (bvsalud.org)
  • Descrever uma metodologia de EMG cinesiológica e determinar a reprodutibilidade da atividade eletromiográfica dos músculos mastigatórios (m. temporal e m. masseter), posturais do pescoço (mm. esternocleidomastoideo e trapézio), posturais do tronco (mm. reto abdominal e paravertebrais) e de força das extremidades inferiores (mm. reto femoral e gastrocnemius medial) durante simulação de atividades de vida diária (AVDs). (bvsalud.org)
  • Your physical therapist will extend your knee and apply direct lateral to medial pressure on the knee, which helps in relocation. (stephenthonmd.com)
  • This could be attributed to the more pronounced quadriceps-angle in women and/or thigh muscle imbalances. (unm.edu)
  • The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare thigh muscle activities among the various squat exercises. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A balance between knee stability and shock absorption is achieved by eccentric quadriceps contractions during loading response. (medscape.com)
  • These ligaments act as the principal extra-articular static stabilizing structures (i.e., they provide stability for the medial and lateral aspects of the knee). (aafp.org)
  • Weakening of muscles around the waist reduces body stability. (correns-europe.com)
  • Exercising strengthens mainly the middle gluteal muscle and increases the stability of the pelvis, which resolves wobbling movements when walking or standing on one leg and prevents falling. (correns-europe.com)
  • The Abductors tend to be weak because most people neglect them, which is a big mistake because this all-too important muscle helps to move your legs outward while guaranteeing stability during single-leg exercises. (athleanx.com)
  • During GS, the antagonistic muscles may have a significant influence on the stability of the weakened joints due to the agonist muscle co-activation [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Weak muscle groups do not provide the stability required around the knee joint and can lead to patellofemoral syndrome. (sportspodiatry.co.uk)
  • Its function is to coordinate with the thigh muscles and provide stability the knee joint. (jasonlowrymd.com)
  • The stability of a Medial-Pivot knee achieves higher patient satisfaction when resuming everyday activities. (fullfunctionfaster.com)
  • The anterior muscles, such as the quadriceps femoris, iliopsoas, and sartorius, work as a group to flex the thigh at the hip and extend the leg at the knee. (innerbody.com)
  • The term iliopsoas refers to the combination of the psoas major and iliacus muscles, which are indistinguishable in the thigh. (picmonic.com)
  • This study aimed to determine the squat exercises [general squat (GS), wall squat (WS), and Spanish squat (SS)] that effectively increased muscle activity using electromyography (EMG). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Squat exercises for improving quadriceps strength are said to be functional since they require more joint movement than other lower limb exercises, promoting functional muscle mobilization patterns [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It includes straightening and strengthening exercises of the hip muscles and other exercises which will improve range of motion. (stephenthonmd.com)
  • Through the electromyographic signal it is possible to study the response to the therapeutic exercises commonly used in rehabilitation regarding the beginning and end of the activity, type of muscle contraction and joint position. (bvsalud.org)
  • Four analyzed muscle activation in isometric exercises, six used isotonic exercises and only one article used isokinetic exercises. (bvsalud.org)
  • The superficial, spine-moving muscles, including the rectus abdominis, make up the outer unit. (acefitness.org)
  • Weakness in the VMO causes the kneecap to be pulled off track by the stronger quadricep muscles on the outside of the thigh, leading to pain and decreased function. (azcentral.com)
  • Tighten your quad muscle by tensing the muscle at the front of your thigh, pulling your kneecap upward. (azcentral.com)
  • For some dogs, resetting the kneecap and regaining normal extension of the rear leg is only attainable with surgical correction known as medial patellar luxation surgery. (animalmedicalcenterav.com)
  • Tender extra-articular bursae such as the anserine bursa below the medial joint line should be differentiated from true intra-articular disturbances. (msdmanuals.com)
  • It is the most superficial of the quadriceps muscles and originates from the ilium. (picmonic.com)
  • The sartorius runs down the length of the thigh in the anterior compartment and is the longest muscle in the body. (picmonic.com)
  • The impact of loading is minimized at the hip during single support through hip abductor muscle contraction. (medscape.com)
  • The two main mechanisms of patellar fracture are direct trauma to the anterior aspect of the knee or a powerful contraction of the quadriceps muscle (transverse, upper pole and lower pole fractures). (aafp.org)
  • Trunk kinematics at the time of peak knee abduction moment and directed co-contraction ratios for trunk muscles during the pre-activation and weight acceptance phases were determined. (jssm.org)
  • Some of the causes for patellar dislocation include a direct blow or trauma, twisting of the knee while changing direction, muscle contraction, and congenital defects. (stephenthonmd.com)
  • Through the EMGs it is possible to observe the degree, duration, type of muscle contraction, alteration of the composition of the motor units resulting from muscle training programs, recruitment neural strategies, as well as allowing inferences related to muscle fatigue. (bvsalud.org)
  • The proximal aspect of the medial femoral trochlea is shaped similar to a hook or ski jump. (blogspot.com)
  • For example, if a dog has good alignment of the quadriceps mechanism, but a shallow trochlear groove--the surgical plan should include a technique to deepen the femoral trochlea, but not a tibial tuberosity transposition. (vin.com)
  • The vastus medialis (vastus internus or teardrop muscle) is an extensor muscle located medially in the thigh that extends the knee. (wikipedia.org)
  • Shin muscles, such as the tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus, dorsiflex the foot and extend the toes. (innerbody.com)
  • Inserts are used to decrease the in-direct load bearing (mechanical pull) of the extensor hallucis brevis muscle. (myfootshop.com)
  • This essentially means avoiding positions or activities which overly stress the graft, such as uncontrolled knee hyperextension (forced over straightening), valgus stresses (stresses on the inside of the knee, taking the knee into 'knock knee' position) on a flexed knee and unrestrained anterior Tibial translation (forward movement of the shin bone), most commonly from the pull of the quadriceps during open kinetic chain knee extension activities. (physioroom.com)
  • Free joint mobility and appropriate muscle force increase walking efficiency. (medscape.com)
  • Altered joint motion or absent muscle forces may increase joint reaction (contact) forces and lead subsequently to additional pathology. (medscape.com)
  • For biomechanical outcome, pre- and postoperative evaluations will be performed to assess isokinetic muscle strength, gait asymmetry, joint kinematics and kinetics, and timing of muscle activity. (springer.com)
  • When the muscle contracts, the joint moves through its range of motion. (medicinenet.com)
  • Sliding together causes the muscle fibers to shorten and the muscle to contract and move the joint. (medicinenet.com)
  • When the muscle relaxes, the muscle fibers return to their resting position and as the fibers elongate, the joint may return to its previous position. (medicinenet.com)
  • That medial inferior to the joint line point tenderness is consistent with pes anserine bursitis. (medscape.com)
  • Patellar luxation (medial, lateral and upward) and instability of the femoropatellar joint are the major causes of lameness in the hind limbs of dogs. (vin.com)
  • The key to rehabilitating either graft type is to establish normal motion at the knee and patellofemoral joint, reduce any swelling and muscle inhibition around the knee and regain normal motion control of the lower limb. (physioroom.com)
  • Although WS with Swiss ball is often used to facilitate greater muscle activation [ 17 ], the location of the wall and feet altered biomechanical force on the patellofemoral joint which could potentially results in increasing patellofemoral force and reducing the effect of exercise [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The powerful muscles of the hip, buttock, and pelvis actuate the flexible ball-and-socket hip joint. (innerbody.com)
  • The muscles of the calf also work subtly to stabilize the ankle joint and foot and to maintain the body's balance. (innerbody.com)
  • The knee is a complex joint made up of different structures including bones, tendons, ligaments and muscles. (jasonlowrymd.com)
  • At the knee, gross deformities such as swelling (eg, joint effusion, popliteal cysts), quadriceps muscle atrophy, and joint instability may be obvious when the patient stands and walks. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 2014 ). Imbalances in ratio or magnitude of muscle activity are suggested to result in poor performance in physical activities and potentially increase risk of injury, particularly in women (Hewett et al. (jssm.org)
  • Some activities that we do repetitively can cause muscle imbalances," explains Michele Olson, Ph.D., researcher and professor of exercise physiology at Auburn University Montgomery. (acefitness.org)
  • Muscle imbalances can also occur between each side of the body, particularly in the arms and shoulders. (acefitness.org)
  • The core is another common area for muscle imbalances, in particular, between the inner and outer core units. (acefitness.org)
  • Olson explains that trainers can do a couple of simple tests to determine if there are imbalances in the lower- or upper-body muscles. (acefitness.org)
  • With an analysis of muscle activity of the VMO through the use of electromyography, proper rehabilitative plans and goals can be established to not only correct the already established abnormality, but even prevent such injuries if tested sooner. (wikipedia.org)
  • Knee injuries in the lower limbs frequently occur, and lower limb muscles need to be strengthened to reduce injuries. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Poor neuromuscular control has been proposed as a risk factor for non-contact injuries, thus this study aimed to explore the effects of soccer-specific fatigue on leg muscle activation, reactive strength, leg stiffness, and functional hamstring/quadriceps ratio (H/QFUNC) in elite male youth soccer players. (glos.ac.uk)
  • The patients were divided into MCS (multiple cannulated screws) group and CMBP (combined with medial buttress plate) group according to the surgical method. (researchsquare.com)
  • The femoral nerve functions to extend the knee, and is responsible for sensation over the anterior and medial aspects of the thigh, medial shin, and arch of the foot. (picmonic.com)
  • The vastus intermedius lies deep and intermediately to the other two vastus muscles and helps to extend the knee. (picmonic.com)
  • This combined with a reduction in medial quadriceps muscle activation may reflect poor kinetic chain control at the hip and an increase in knee injury risk. (glos.ac.uk)