Medial cell nucleus. Medical search. Frequent questions

In the supraoptic nucleus, staining of conspicuous dendritic networks with subunit alpha1, alpha2, beta2, and gamma2 antibodies was contrasted by perykarya labeled for alpha5-, beta1- and delta-immunoreactivities. (nih.gov)
The PVN signals to the pituitary and the supraoptic nucleus, triggering a cascade of signaling molecules that modulate the regulatory mechanisms of steroid-dependent prosocial behaviors such as pair-bonding and alloparental care, through estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The cells produce a signal that are transmitted through different nuclei until it finally reaches the medial geniculate nucleus in the thalamus. (cognifit.com)
Experiments in several species have identified direct projections to the medial geniculate nucleus (MG) from cells in subcollicular auditory nuclei. (omeka.net)

Subunit alpha3-immunoreactivity was observed in the glomerular and external plexiform layers of the olfactory bulb, in the inner layers of the cerebral cortex, the reticular thalamic nucleus, the zonal and superficial layers of the superior colliculus, the amygdala and cranial nerve nuclei. (nih.gov)
In most pontine and cranial nerve nuclei and in the medulla, only subunit alpha1-, beta2- and gamma2-immunoreactivities were strong, whereas the inferior olive was significantly labeled only for subunits beta1, gamma1 and gamma2. (nih.gov)
Pyriform neurons project to the nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (nMLF) and cranial nerve nuclei III and IV, while commissural neurons project to the contralateral nBOR. (umass.edu)
However, supporting Schwann and satellite cells, as in all cranial ganglia, are entirely of neural crest origin, apparently arising from the ganglion of the facial nerve (see the image below). (medscape.com)
The division of cranial nerve (CN) VIII into the cochlear and vestibular branches may occur in the medial segment of the IAC or in the subarachnoid space. (medscape.com)
These palsies may be isolated and idiopathic or the result of various disorders involving the cranial nerve nuclei or the infranuclear nerve or nerves. (msdmanuals.com)

Subunit alpha6-immunoreactivity was only present in granule cells of the cerebellum and the cochlear nucleus, and subunit gamma1-immunoreactivity was preferentially located in the central and medial amygdaloid nuclei, in pallidal areas, the substantia nigra pars reticulata and the inferior olive. (nih.gov)

B. On the lateral side are left-side lateral ganglion nuclei posterior to the NR. C. At a more medial level, more NR fibers are seen extending from the VNC and growing around the isthmus ( black circle ). (wormatlas.org)
D. At a slightly more medial level, multiple labial neuron and support cell nuclei become visible anterior to the NR around the anterior bulb, whereas more lateral ganglion nuclei are visible posterior to the NR. Magnification, 600x. (wormatlas.org)
Neurons were recorded from the most dorsal and caudal nuclei of the PNC, the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) and the posterior pretectal nucleus (PPN). (figshare.com)
Concha-Miranda M, Tang W, Hartmann K, Brecht M (2022) Large-scale mapping of vocalization-related activity in the functionally diverse nuclei in rat posterior brainstem. (activetouch.de)

Specifically, prosocial behavior in prairie voles ( Microtus ochrogaster ) has been linked to the expression of oxytocin in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. (biomedcentral.com)
The behavioral data was cross-referenced with the number of neurons expressing oxytocin and arginine vasopressin, as well as the density of dopaminergic neurons (identified by the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase), in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. (biomedcentral.com)
The medial hypothalamus is believed to be a critical location in the mediation of serotonin's action. (springer.com)
The activity of serotonergic function in the medial hypothalamus exhibits a circadian rhythm which is characterised by a peak at the beginning of the active cycle when the motivation to eat is strongest and is triggered by deficits in energy stores. (springer.com)
At this time, carbohydrate is found to be the naturally preferred macronutrient, and it appears that serotonin becomes most activated under these conditions to terminate the carbohydrate-rich meal, possibly by activating satiety neurons localised in the medial hypothalamus. (springer.com)
We also expected to find decreased levels of oxytocin producing cells in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) and the medial amygdala of animals that experienced hormone withdrawal, which we believed might contribute to the development of PPD. (brynmawr.edu)

The calyx of Held synapse in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body of the auditory brainstem has become an established in vitro model to study the development of fast glutamatergic transmission in the mammalian brain. (le.ac.uk)
As part of the auditory system, each Calyx is part of the axon of a globular bushy cell in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus, which forms a synapse with a principal cell i n the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body. (nih.gov)
At a time when the existence of synapses between nerve cells were not yet accepted as fact, Cajal's drawings of the mammalian auditory system revealed a sophisticated understanding of the relationship between the Calyx of Held and the neuronal cell body it envelops. (nih.gov)
Perineuronal nets in subcortical auditory nuclei of four rodent species with differing hearing ranges. (omeka.net)
Brain stem nuclei and auditory cortex. (polimi.it)
The longer central fibers, also called the primary auditory fibers, form the cochlear nerve, and the shorter, peripheral fibers extend to the bases of the inner and outer hair cells. (medscape.com)
The Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response (BAEP) is a complex response to externalstimulation that represents the neural electrophysiological activity of the auditory system at the level of the brainstem, mapping the synapses of the auditory pathways from the cochlear nerve, cochlear nucleus, superior olivary brainstem complex to the inferior colliculus-midbrain 1,2 . (bvsalud.org)

Tukker JJ, Beed P, Brecht M, Kempter R, Moser EI, Schmitz D (2022) Microcircuits for spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex. (activetouch.de)
Mitral cells innervate the following brain areas: the medial amygdala, anterior olfactory nucleus, entorhinal cortex, olfactory tubercle, and piriform cortex. (psychologic.science)

Here we profile 65,309 single-nucleus transcriptomes from 30 frontal cortex and choroid plexus samples across 14 control individuals (including 1 patient with terminal influenza) and 8 patients with COVID-19. (nature.com)
b , Uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) of 38,217 nuclei from the medial frontal cortex of 8 control individuals (including 1 patient with influenza) and 8 patients with COVID-19. (nature.com)
Swanson LW , Hahn JD , Jeub LGS, Fortunato S, Sporns O . Subsystem organization of axonal connections within and between the right and left cerebral cortex and cerebral nuclei (endbrain). (neurotree.org)
In the cerebellar cortex, tenascin-C mRNA in Golgi epithelial cells was down-regulated 3 days after the lesion and returned to control values 80 days after the lesion. (researchgate.net)
After a lesion, the density of cells containing tenascin-R transcripts increased significantly in the inferior olivary nucleus and in the white matter of the cerebellar cortex. (researchgate.net)
Cerebellar input arrives from climbing and mossy fibers to stimulate neurons in the deep nuclei and the cortex, in which climbing fibers stimulate Purkinje cells directly and granule cells excited by mossy fibers stimulate Purkinje cells by way of parallel fibers. (jneurosci.org)
Figure 1A and Figure 1B Radiograph of talus showing the lesion involving most of body and the medial cortex is thin compared to lateral cortex in lateral view. (faoj.org)
The lesion was approached with a posteromedial incision and by making a cortical window in the medial cortex. (faoj.org)
The medial cortex was thinner than the lateral cortex. (faoj.org)

With the exception of the reticular thalamic nucleus, which was prominently stained for subunits alpha3, beta1, beta3 and gamma2, most thalamic nuclei were rich in alpha1-, alpha4-, beta2- and delta-immunoreactivities. (nih.gov)

The medial amygdala is associated with social functions like mating and recognizing others. (psychologic.science)

Specifically, the paraventricular and ventromedial nuclei are known to be involved in controlling energy balance, while the suprachiasmatic nucleus determines circadian patterns of eating. (springer.com)

To investigate whether tenascin-C and tenascin-R may play important functional roles in the lesioned central nervous system, we have analysed their expression in the olivocerebellar system of the adult rat after 3-acetylpyridine-induced degeneration of nerve cells in the inferior olivary nucleus. (researchgate.net)
Tenascin-C mRNA was not detectable at any time in the unlesioned or lesioned inferior olivary nucleus by in situ hybridization. (researchgate.net)
Spontaneous electrical activity in neonate rats of either sex was analyzed through a ventral craniotomy in mechanically ventilated pups to carry out patch clamp and multi-electrode electrophysiology recordings in the medial region of the superior olivary complex (SOC) between birth (postnatal day 0, P0) and P12. (frontiersin.org)
The results of patch clamp recordings demonstrate for the first time that olivary and periolivary neurons in the medial region of the SOC fire bursts of action potentials. (frontiersin.org)
Taken together, the results of this study provide a framework to use injectable and volatile anesthetics for future studies to obtain functional information on the activity of medial superior olivary neurons in vivo . (frontiersin.org)

Both molecules support neurite outgrowth from several neuronal cell types when presented as uniform substrates. (researchgate.net)
A parallel in vitro study has identified in the guinea-pig medial vestibular nuclei (MVN) two main neuronal cell types, A and B MVNn, differing by their intrinsic membrane properties. (haifa.ac.il)

We suggest the lobes form, via hydrostatic pressure on the nucleoplasm, in response to the beat of the anterior-medial flagella. (johnshopkins.edu)

Sun S, Brecht M (2022) Relative enlargement of the medial preoptic area in the Etruscan shrew, the smallest torpid mammal. (activetouch.de)

Network architecture of the cerebral nuclei (basal ganglia) association and commissural connectome. (neurotree.org)
In addition, cells which lie medial to the terminal field, pyriform and commissural neurons, send dendrites into nBOR. (umass.edu)

The neuron cell bodies are located in the abducens nucleus in the pons. (wikipedia.org)

Olfactory sensory neurons are transduction cells that total about six million in humans (Moran et al. (psychologic.science)
OSNs are located in the olfactory epithelium in the nose, where its cell bodies are distributed among all three of its stratified layers. (psychologic.science)

The fibers of the cochlear nerve originate from an aggregation of nerve cell bodies in the spiral ganglion, located in the modiolus of the cochlea. (medscape.com)
They extend radially from the spiral ganglion to the habenula perforata, a series of tiny holes beneath the inner hair cells. (medscape.com)

Neurons of the dorsal ganglion (neuron nuclei) become visible at this level. (wormatlas.org)
MicrocircuitDB: Superior paraolivary nucleus neuron (Kopp-Scheinpflug et al. (yale.edu)
Superior paraolivary nucleus neuron (Kopp-Scheinpflug et al. (yale.edu)
Molecules of cAMP cause ion channels within the cell membrane to open, which ultimately results in depolarization of the neuron and the generation of an action potential, due to an influx of sodium and calcium and an efflux of chloride ions. (psychologic.science)
Minimally, a recep- tor includes a peripheral axon terminal of one pri- mary afferent neuron, whose cell body is sited proximally in the dorsal root ganglion. (cdc.gov)

It then enters the medial surface of the lateral rectus to innervate it. (wikipedia.org)
While attempting to look straight ahead, the left eye will be deviated medially towards the nose due to the unopposed action of the medial rectus of the eye. (wikipedia.org)
Orbital infiltration of the intra and extraconal fat caused displacement of the medial rectus muscle and left inferior rectus muscle. (isciii.es)

The second largest collection of cell bodies is in the tail ganglia (the left lumbar ganglion and preanal ganglion are shown). (wormatlas.org)
FLRT3 marks direction-selective retinal ganglion cells that project to the medial terminal nucleus. (mpg.de)
In contrast, all the supporting and Schwann cells are derived from neural crest cells, possibly from the VIIth nerve ganglion to which the vestibulocochlear ganglion is initially attached. (medscape.com)

HeLa cells expressing Myc-GnT1IP-L (Myc-tagged GlcNAcT-1 inhibitory protein, long transcript, membrane-anchored) (red) and GlcNAcT-1-HA (green) were treated with cycloheximide and brefeldin A to cause retrograde transport of Golgi enzymes into the ER. (cellimagelibrary.org)
GlcNAcT-1 is normally a resident of the medial Golgi. (cellimagelibrary.org)
The neuroanatomical connections between the visual and motor nuclei of the anuran mesencephalon were investigated using horseradish peroxidase and the Golgi technique. (umass.edu)

Neurons of the medial septum and diagonal band of Broca (MS-DBB) provide an important input to the hippocampus and are critically involved in learning and memory. (jneurosci.org)
The medial septum and diagonal band of Broca (MS-DBB) is mutually connected with the hippocampus and provides an important input for spatial learning and hippocampal theta rhythm ( Winson, 1978 ). (jneurosci.org)
MRI result: tumor mass with infiltration of the nasal septum, sphenoidal sinus, frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, and left orbit medial wall. (isciii.es)

it was darkest in midbrain and pontine nuclei. (nih.gov)
The box in the reconstructed section from the right midbrain in the left panel indicates the position of the PNC shown at higher magnification in the right panel (dorsal is up, medial is to the left). (figshare.com)

This is a model of neurons in the brainstem superior paraolivary nucleus (SPN), which produce very salient offset firing during sound stimulation. (yale.edu)

The cerebellar granule cells (GrCs) are classically described as a homogeneous neuronal population discharging regularly without adaptation. (nature.com)
A puzzling case is presented by cerebellar granule cells (GrC), the most numerous neurons of the brain 4 . (nature.com)

Transfected HeLa cells were fixed in 3% paraformaldehyde, blocked with 0.2% Triton X-100, 1% FBS, 0.5% BSA in PBS with Ca[2+] and Mg[2+], followed by incubation in primary antibodies (anti-Myc mouse mAb, 9E10 (Covance) and anti-HA mouse mAb, HA.11 (Covance)) and secondary antibodies (Alexa 568 and Alexa 488) and DAPI (blue) to stain nuclei. (cellimagelibrary.org)
Cell nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue). (alomone.com)

If the neurons are radially symmetrical, each cell has a three-letter name followed by L (left), R (right), D (dorsal), or V (ventral). (wormatlas.org)
Longitudinal nerve tracts travel along the body at ventral, subventral, lateral, subdorsal, and dorsal positions and connect cell bodies to major neuropils. (wormatlas.org)

Our new surface morphology studies showed that the cell surface was unadorned and a caudal projection was present. (johnshopkins.edu)

Only about 30,000 of these fibers exist, and the greater number of them-about 95%-innervate the inner hair cells. (medscape.com)
The remainder cross the tunnel of Corti to innervate the outer hair cells. (medscape.com)

Although our systematic analysis yields no molecular traces of SARS-CoV-2 in the brain, we observe broad cellular perturbations indicating that barrier cells of the choroid plexus sense and relay peripheral inflammation into the brain and show that peripheral T cells infiltrate the parenchyma. (nature.com)
Across cell types, perturbations associated with COVID-19 overlap with those found in chronic brain disorders and reside in genetic variants associated with cognition, schizophrenia and depression. (nature.com)
Critically, a comprehensive assessment across specific cell types in the brain affected by severe COVID-19 is missing. (nature.com)
This is in part because the high-quality, fresh-frozen human brain tissue from patients with COVID-19 needed for single-cell transcriptomic studies is largely inaccessible, and methods to isolate human brain barrier cells have only recently emerged 22 , 23 . (nature.com)
Fig. 1: Overview of diverse brain and choroid plexus cell types captured from post-mortem tissue from patients with COVID-19. (nature.com)
For Purkinje cell output to reach the rest of the brain it must be conveyed by neurons of the DCN or vestibular nuclei. (jneurosci.org)
1982). Transduction cells convert chemical signals into electrical signals that travel to the brain, so smells can be perceived. (psychologic.science)
Astrocytes are an abundantly distributed population of glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that perform myriad functions in the normal and injured/diseased brain. (cdc.gov)
The accuracy and precision of brain signaling are primarily based on interactions involving neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, pericytes, and dendritic cells within the CNS. (cdc.gov)

Synaptic connections are established with characteristic, cell type-specific size and spacing. (rupress.org)

Tenascin-R mRNA was expressed by distinct neural cell types in the unlesioned olivocerebellar system. (researchgate.net)

Four distinct cell types were identified within the terminal field of nBOR: stellate neurons, amacrine cells, elongate neurons, and large ganglionic neurons. (umass.edu)
Neuronal and glial differentiation within expanded glial cultures derived from the lateral and medial ganglionic eminences. (lu.se)

these connections are highly asymmetric, with superficial DL cells preferentially projecting towards deeper cells. (nih.gov)
Serotonergic stimulation of these 3 nuclei with exogenous serotonin or drugs that release endogenous serotonin, preferentially reduces carbohydrate intake in naturally feeding animals through satiety mechanisms involved in the termination of feeding. (springer.com)

On examination, a firm, nontender mass was appreciated on the dorso-medial aspect of the distal ulna with terminal supination defect compared with the contralateral forearm. (medscape.com)
10. Lindvall, O., Björklund, A., Skagerberg, G.: Selective histochemical demonstration of dopamine terminal systems in rat di- and telencephalon: new evidence for dopaminergic innervation of hypothalamic neurosecretory nuclei. (lu.se)

No topographical segregation between spontaneously active cells (indicated by asterisks) and neurons without spontaneous activity (filled circles) was observed within the PNC. (figshare.com)

Activation of the MS-DBB led to fast, AMPA receptor-mediated glutamatergic responses in CA3 pyramidal cells. (jneurosci.org)

Cell counts reveal that, similar to thalamocortical projections, many more cells are present in DL than in the diencephalic nucleus that provides it with sensory input. (nih.gov)
9. Björklund, A., Skagerberg, G.: Evidence for a major spinal cord projection from the diencephalic A11 dopamine cell group in the rat. (lu.se)

Vascular changes were present in all exposed mice but manifestations varied and included medial hypertrophy and contraction, mural neutrophil infiltrates, and rare mural MWCNTs. (cdc.gov)

Both proteins had punctate costaining around the nucleus, typical of ERGIC localization, in addition to reticular costaining of the ER after BFA treatment. (cellimagelibrary.org)

They are bipolar cells, because they have 2 sets of processes, or fibers, that extend from opposite ends of the cell bodies. (medscape.com)

For assessing the function of the glutamatergic projection, we used an in vitro septohippocampal preparation, electrically stimulated the fornix or chemically activated the MS-DBB using NMDA microinfusions and recorded postsynaptic responses in CA3 pyramidal cells. (jneurosci.org)
However, key questions remain as to whether the glutamatergic neurons can be distinguished from other MS-DBB neurons electrophysiologically, which hippocampal cell types they target, and the functional consequence of this projection. (jneurosci.org)

Histologic sections showed marked medial degeneration. (medscape.com)
However, aortic dissections may occur with medial degeneration in the absence of preexisting aneurysm. (medscape.com)
Pathologically, noninflammatory aneurysms demonstrate degrees of cystic, medial degeneration, depending on etiology or association. (medscape.com)
Most commonly, the pathogenesis of the aneurysms is due to noninflammatory, medial degeneration of the elastic aortic wall. (medscape.com)

When calcium diffuses into the cell, a series of events occur. (psychologic.science)

In many macrophages, cytopathologic changes included 1) MWCNT penetration of the cytoplasmic membrane, 2) MWCNT penetration of nuclei, and 3) karyolysis. (cdc.gov)
Cochlea, basilar membrane, and ciliate cells. (polimi.it)
I-L ) In toto images can be automatically processed using membrane and nuclei segmentation algorithms for estimating cell numbers, cell shapes, and protein expression at a single-cell resolution. (elifesciences.org)

The building blocks of neural systems are the neurons, which are specialized eukaryotic biological cells able to communicate with each other at highly specialized contact sites, called synapses. (biomedcentral.com)

The architecture of DL and the expansive representation of its input, taken together with the strong expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors by its cells, are consistent with theoretical ideas concerning the cortical computations of pattern separation and memory storage via bump attractors. (nih.gov)

MWCNT translocation to the tracheobronchial lymph node progressed with time and localized to the deep paracortex, the normal location of T lymphocytes and dendritic cells. (cdc.gov)

Displacement of the dome by as little as 5 ,um can result in a supra-threshold generator potential within the Merkel cell-axon ter- minal complex. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy100

Organisms14

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs49

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment40

Psychiatry and Psychology5

Phenomena and Processes49

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

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Health Care1

Supraoptic nucleus2

Geniculate nucleus2

Cranial6

Substantia nigra1

Posterior4

Hypothalamus6

Auditory7

Entorhinal cortex2

Cortex9

Thalamic nucleus1

Amygdala1

Suprachiasmatic nucleus1

Olivary5

Neuronal cell types2

Anterior1

Preoptic1

Commissural2

Pons1

Olfactory2

Spiral ganglion2

Neuron5

Rectus3

Ganglion3

Golgi3

Septum3

Midbrain2

Brainstem superior1

Granule cells2

DAPI2

Ventral2

Caudal1

Innervate2

Brain9

Synaptic1

MRNA1

Ganglionic2

Preferentially2

Terminal2

Spontaneously active cells1

Receptor1

Diencephalic2

Vascular1

Reticular1

Fibers1

Projection2

Degeneration4

Occur1

Membrane3

Neural1

Cortical1

Dendritic cells1

Displacement1