AnatomyDiseasesAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and Processes
AcromionScapulaAcromioclavicular JointShoulder Impingement SyndromeShoulder JointRotator CuffOsteophyteGlenoid CavityRange of Motion, ArticularNeckAbscessPeritonsillar AbscessPleural CavityRetropharyngeal AbscessLudwig's AnginaThyroiditis, Suppurative
ScapulaClavicleCoracoacromial ligamentLateral borderInferiorBelow the acromion processHumeralAnteriorAcromioclavicularAcromialDistalCoracoid processAnteriorlyEpicondyleScapularBoneSubacromial-subdeltoid bursaInferiorlyCoracoclavicularInfraspinatusRotationGlenohumeralAttachesFracturesPosteriorlySuperiorlyTendonExtendsProcessClassificationOccurBiglianiAspect
Scapula24
Clavicle23
  • The deltoid originates from the scapular spine, acromion, and anterior clavicle. (medscape.com)
  • The acromion extends anteriorly and laterally from the scapular spine and articulates with the clavicle, forming the acromioclavicular joint. (orthopaedia.com)
  • The sternoclavicular joint is formed by the medial aspect of the clavicle articulating with the manubrium of the sternum. (medscape.com)
  • Of compressed form, it much resembles the acromial end of the clavicle, with which it articulates by means of a surface (facies articularis acromii) which is placed on its medial border near its anterior extremity. (co.ma)
  • Its medial edge, where not in contact with the clavicle, has attached to it the fibres of the trapezius, whilst its lateral margin affords origin to the central part of the deltoid. (co.ma)
  • The acromioclavicular (AC) joint is formed by the medial facet of the acromion and the distal end of the clavicle. (sheenablackmd.com)
  • During arthroscopy of the subacromial space, the AC joint is located and the distal end portion of the clavicle is resected so as to create a 1-2 centimeter gap between the acromion and the clavicle. (sheenablackmd.com)
  • its articulation with the sternum forms essentially a weak joint, which is liable to be dislocated, especially from blows upon the lateral part of the shoulder which drive the medial end of the clavicle forwards against the weak anterior sterno-clavicular ligament. (co.ma)
  • hence in fractures of the clavicle, both medial and lateral to the coraco-clavicular ligament, the point of the shoulder rotates forwards and medially. (co.ma)
  • medial to the lateral border of the acromion, and immediately lateral to a slight prominence upon the lateral extremity of the clavicle. (co.ma)
  • When the acromio-clavicular joint is dislocated the clavicle almost invariably overrides the acromion, and the summit of the shoulder presents a somewhat conical or 'sugar-loaf' appearance. (co.ma)
  • The tip of the acromion looks directly forwards, and lies a finger's breadth lateral to and a little in front of the lateral extremity of the clavicle. (co.ma)
  • The acromioclavicular joint is part of the shoulder girdle and is diarthrodial joint between the acromion process and lateral end of the clavicle. (boneandspine.com)
  • This same mechanism of injury can result in sternoclavicular dislocations, fractures of the clavicle or acromion. (boneandspine.com)
  • The degree of damage to the acromioclavicular ligaments and coracoclavicular ligament with resultant displacement of the clavicle relative to the acromion is the primary criterion for the classification of AC separations. (boneandspine.com)
  • The radiographs are normal, except for mild soft tissue swelling when compared with the uninjured shoulder [No widening, no separation, No elevation of the clavicle with respect to the acromion and no deformity. (boneandspine.com)
  • The lateral end of the clavicle may be slightly elevated but not above the superior border of the acromion. (boneandspine.com)
  • The ligament and tendon attachment perimeters and center points on the coracoid, clavicle, and acromion were identified and subsequently dissected off the bone . (docslib.org)
  • The distance between the most medial to the most lateral point of the CC ligaments on the clavicle was 25.6 mm [22.3, 28.9], which accounted for 18.2% [15.8, 20.6] of the clavicle length. (docslib.org)
  • the acromion arches over the glenohumeral joint and articulates with the clavicle. (mhmedical.com)
  • The clavicle has three regions: the medial end, the lateral end, and the shaft. (pressbooks.pub)
  • The medial end, known as the sternal end of the clavicle , has a triangular shape and articulates with the manubrium portion of the sternum. (pressbooks.pub)
  • The inferior surfaces of the lateral clavicle and the acromion should be level. (imageinterpretation.co.uk)
Coracoacromial ligament3
  • The coracoacromial arch is formed (anteriorly to posteriorly) by the coracoid process, coracoacromial ligament, and acromion. (radiopaedia.org)
  • The upper limits of the bursae are the coracoacromial ligament, acromion bone and the deltoid. (physio-pedia.com)
  • The space at the shoulder joint, into which the supraspinatus tendon slides when lifting the arm, is very limited by the acromion (acromion and coracoacromial ligament - the outward end of the shoulder blade). (klinik-am-ring.de)
Lateral border2
  • The lateral border, more curved than the medial, with which it is united in front, is confluent. (co.ma)
  • The acromion also functions as a site of muscle attachment, with the trapezius inserting along its medial border, and the deltoid originating from its lateral border. (anatomicaljustice.com)
Inferior5
  • The subscapularis covers the anterior surface, and the serratus anterior attaches to the inferior angle along the anterior medial border. (medscape.com)
  • The area of insertion of this muscle is, however, considerably increased over the ventral aspects of the medial and inferior angles respectively. (co.ma)
  • Anterior dislocations: prominence of the humeral head anterior, medial and inferior to the shoulder joint with a hollow region beneath the lateral deltoid. (eorif.com)
  • An anterior lateral portal is then made lateral and inferior to the anterolateral tip of the acromion. (orthob.com)
  • Next, the coracoacromial (CA) ligament is identified anteriorly and this is followed in its course down medial and inferior to its attachment on the coracoid tip. (orthob.com)
Below the acromion process1
Humeral3
  • Laterally is the glenoid fossa , anteriorly is the coracoid process and superiorly is the acromion that is continuous with the scapular spine and arcs anteriorly over the humeral head. (radiopaedia.org)
  • A curved, type II acromion is the most prevalent morphology, with a concave undersurface that lies parallel to the curve of the humeral head. (anatomicaljustice.com)
  • Also, a medial and anterior humeral head compression fracture may be evident (trough line). (imageinterpretation.co.uk)
Anterior7
  • This narrowness is caused when the arm is being raised to shoulder height and the gap between the anterior edge of the acromion and the head of the humerus narrows. (klinik-am-ring.de)
  • See: The collective term for the medial ankle ligaments, formed by the anterior tibiotalar, tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal, and posterior tibiotalar ligaments. (montserrat-flights.com)
  • Its medial boundary, which is formed by the anterior lipped edge of the vertebral margin, affords attachment to the fibres of insertion of the serratus anterior along the greater part of its extent. (co.ma)
  • Hooked, type III acromions curve inferiorly at the anterior aspect of the acromion, and are associated with an increased incidence of shoulder impingement. (anatomicaljustice.com)
  • Loss of normal deltoid contour with prominent anterior acromion. (eorif.com)
  • This muscle is divided into three different sections, which includes the anterior, medial, and posterior sections. (arizonahealthnet.com)
  • These anterior and posterior bundles attached 10.6 mm [8.4, 12.9] and 24.8 mm [12.3, 27.4] medial and proximal to the apex of the coracoid process, respectively. (docslib.org)
Acromioclavicular2
  • Acromioclavicular joint injuries are also known as shoulder separations, acromioclavicular joint separation or acromioclavicular joint dislocation and occur as a result of downward force on the acromion. (boneandspine.com)
  • and (3) CAL attachment on the acromion in relation to surgically relevant anatomic landmarks to assist in planning of the Latarjet procedure, acromioclavicular (AC) joint reconstructions, and CAL resection distances avoiding iatrogenic injury to sur- rounding structures. (docslib.org)
Acromial1
Distal1
  • The medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (MACN) is a pure sensory nerve that innervates the distal anteromedial arm, antecubital fossa, posterior olecranon, and anteromedial forearm [ 1 ]. (e-arm.org)
Coracoid process2
  • The suprascapular notch lies immediately medial to the base of the coracoid process. (radiopaedia.org)
  • A small notch medial to the root of the coracoid process where the suprascapular nerve courses. (mhmedical.com)
Anteriorly2
  • The acromion process is a bony protuberance extending anteriorly from the superolateral aspect of the scapular spine. (anatomicaljustice.com)
  • After piercing the brachial fascia at the elbow, the ABMACN anteriorly crosses the elbow between the biceps tendon and medial epicondyle (ME) [ 1 , 9 ]. (e-arm.org)
Epicondyle1
  • 상완골 간부 골절에서 요골신경마비가 잘 동반되는 이유로 그 해부적 특징이 관련되는데 상완에서 요골신경의 경로에 대한 연구도 많이 시행되어 측정치의 범위가 넓은 편이긴 하지만 Gerwin 등[ 8 ]은 내상과(medial epicondyle)에서 평균 20.7 cm, 외상과(lateral epicondyle)에서 14.2 cm 근위부에 신경이 위치한다 하였고, Guse와 Ostrum [ 9 ]은 견봉(acromion)의 후연(posterior edge)에서 원위부로 평균 12.4 cm에서 후방으로 가로지른다 하였다. (handmicro.org)
Scapular3
  • The scapular notch lies just medial to the coracoid base and is covered by the transverse scapular ligament. (medscape.com)
  • Scapular fractures can be categorized by the affected region of the bone: namely, the coracoid, the acromion, the glenoid, the scapular neck, and the scapular body. (orthopaedia.com)
  • This proportion is expressed by what is termed the scapular index (Appendix D). The greater size of the acromion is also a distinctive feature. (co.ma)
Bone2
  • The bone included between these two borders is called the acromion. (co.ma)
  • The superior surface of the acromion, which is broad and expanded, is subcutaneous, and is directed upwards and dorsally, and in the normal position of the bone laterally as well. (co.ma)
Subacromial-subdeltoid bursa1
  • 6 medial extension of subacromial-subdeltoid bursa]] * Subscapular Bursa or the Scapulothoracic Bursa: between the tendon of the subscapularis muscle and the shoulder joint capsule. (physio-pedia.com)
Inferiorly1
  • A direct force applied to the superior aspect of the acromion, usually from a fall with the arm in an adducted position drives the acromion inferiorly. (boneandspine.com)
Coracoclavicular1
  • Conoid tubercle - attachment point of the conoid ligament, the medial part of the coracoclavicular ligament. (teachmeanatomy.info)
Infraspinatus1
  • The suprascapular nerve and vessels pass through the notch en route to the infraspinatus. (medscape.com)
Rotation1
  • Assists in opposition and may assist in flexion and medial rotation of MCP joint. (freezingblue.com)
Glenohumeral1
Attaches1
  • A ligament of the lateral ankle that attaches the posterior portion of the talus, and a portion of the posterolateral calcaneus, to the medial malleolus. (montserrat-flights.com)
Fractures1
Posteriorly1
  • Meanwhile, the PBMACN runs medial to the BV and crosses the elbow posteriorly toward the medioposterior aspect of the forearm [ 1 , 5 , 8 ]. (e-arm.org)
Superiorly1
Tendon1
Extends1
  • During loading postures such as standing and landing, the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) extends its effect on the dynamic knee valgus [3]. (scirp.org)
Process2
  • The medial border of this process is continuous with the upper margin of the spine, and is gently curved. (co.ma)
  • The other options mentioned, such as the acromion process and epicondyles, are not relevant landmarks for this particular projection. (proprofs.com)
Classification1
  • Because of the innate unfavorable shape of the acromion (hooked acromion type II and III according to Bigliani classification), the incidence of subacromial impingement syndrome increases significantly. (klinik-am-ring.de)
Occur1
Bigliani1
  • There are three distinct morphological shapes (Bigliani classifications) for the undersurface of the acromion: type I- flat, type II- curved, and type III- hooked. (anatomicaljustice.com)
Aspect1
  • Facing forward, the medial aspect is convex, and the lateral aspect concave. (teachmeanatomy.info)