• DRB2 has been remarkably conserved throughout plant evolution, raising the possibility that translational repression is the ancient form of miRNA-directed gene regulation in plants, and that Dicer partnering proteins, such as human TRBP, might play a similar role in other eukaryotic systems. (nature.com)
  • Figure 4: Translational and post-translational regulation of DRB1 and DCL1, and evolutionary conservation of DRB1 and DRB2 proteins. (nature.com)
  • In 1997, we identified the NRDR proteins from rabbit liver tissues, and found that this protein had strong retinol oxidation and retinal reduction activities and was a crucial enzyme in the metabolism and synthesis of retinoic acid [ 1 ], an important intracellular signaling molecule involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation of embryonic cells, and the regulation of immune functions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have learned that genes in mammalian cells are transcribed into messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which are to be translated into polypeptides (proteins). (intechopen.com)
  • Regulation of gene expression by proteins and small RNAs. (otago.ac.nz)
  • In the study, the authors showed that a protein called JHDM1A is able to remove a methyl group from histone H3, one of four histone proteins bound to all genes. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Regulatory non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are important research areas in gene regulation and RNA biology. (rochester.edu)
  • Human alveolar lung A459 epithelial cells were exposed to freshly generated metal NP mixtures at a target concentration of 100?µg/m3 for 6?hr and then harvested for assessment of cytotoxicity, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and alterations in the expression of genes and proteins involved in metal regulation, inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress. (cdc.gov)
  • They associate with the PIWI SUBFAMILY OF ARGONAUTE PROTEINS to form effector complexes known as piRNA-induced silencing complexes, which repress transposons via transcriptional or posttranscriptional mechanisms and maintain germline genome integrity. (bvsalud.org)
  • The course comprises molecular biology of genes, proteins, multicomponent protein complexes, and other biomolecules that provide structure and perform the organism's functions. (lu.se)
  • Although, the number of omic techniques is ever expanding, the most developed omics technologies are high throughput DNA sequencing, transcriptomics (focused on gene expression), epigenomics (focused on epigenetic regulation of gene expression), proteomics (focused on large sets of proteins, the proteome) and metabolomics (focused on large sets of metabolites, the metabolome). (who.int)
  • Oxidant damage to cellular DNA, proteins (including the epigenome), and lipids can occur when reactive oxygen species escape cell antioxidant and repair mechanisms. (who.int)
  • This process is mediated by a complex molecular machinery known as the spliceosome, which enables the production of multiple and functionally distinct proteins from single genes. (lu.se)
  • Specifically, we discuss how the interaction of p53 with DNA and chromatin affects gene expression, and how p53 post-translational modifications, its temporal expression dynamics and its interactions with chromatin regulators and transcription factors influence cell fate. (nih.gov)
  • Many processes in parasite biology involve changes at the chromatin level, including regulation of transcription along a complex life cycle, delimitation of functional elements in the genome, and antigenic variation. (plos.org)
  • Here we will describe our current knowledge of the biological processes and mechanisms that can be considered bona fide epigenetic phenomena in Plasmodium biology, and attempt to distinguish them from those unlikely to involve epigenetic flow of information, even if chromatin changes occur. (plos.org)
  • CREB siRNA inhibited upregulation of both cytoprotective genes by MTX, while chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated CREB binding to the MnSOD promoter in MTX-treated EC. (bmj.com)
  • Molecular mechanisms for regulation of gene expression at different levels: remodeling of chromatin, initiation of transcription, nuclear transport and signalling, and RNA interference. (lu.se)
  • This Special Issue of "Genes" seeks reviews and original papers covering a wide range of topics related to microRNA biology, such as regulation of expression in various disorders (cancer, metabolism, autoimmunity to mention but a few), genetics of microRNAs and their target sites, functional analysis of microRNA function and studies of interactions between microRNAs and target genes. (mdpi.com)
  • Emergence can result from mutations in housekeeping structural or regulatory genes or from acquiring foreign genetic information. (cdc.gov)
  • The information is mainly transmitted in the primary sequence of the genome (genetic information), but there are heritable traits that are transmitted by other mechanisms. (plos.org)
  • To dissect the genetic architecture of the divergent gene expression, we developed a novel allele-specific expression analysis pipeline to detect genes with divergent functional cis-regulatory variation between highland and lowland populations. (usda.gov)
  • Despite this, there are adaptive characteristics and distinctive features that that distinguish the lifestyle of plants from those of animals, hence the adoption of only distantly related components in revealing the genetic regulations of plant cell death. (essaywriter.org)
  • My laboratory works on the genetic and molecular mechanisms that regulate aging and aging-related disease. (berkeley.edu)
  • Although the etiology and pathogenesis of medulloblastoma is not entirely understood at present, some recent molecular genetic studies have provided important insights into possible disease mechanisms. (medscape.com)
  • We develop a computational model for the hematopoietic erythroid-myeloid lineage decision, which is determined by a genetic switch involving the genes PU.1 and GATA-1. (lu.se)
  • Mechanisms for maintaining genetic information during cell division and the generation of genetic variation: replication, mitosis, meiosis, recombination. (lu.se)
  • Gene technology: basic and applied molecular genetic methods. (lu.se)
  • A team of researchers led by Dr. Cristian Bellodi recently discovered a hardwired genetic control mechanism modulating individual spliceosomal components, known as splicing factors, in cells harboring oncogenic lesions common in human cancers. (lu.se)
  • Activated p53 transcriptionally regulates hundreds of genes that are involved in multiple biological processes, including in DNA damage repair, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence. (nih.gov)
  • The genome of P. falciparum contains hundreds of genes that show CVGE, such that individual parasites within an isogenic population express these genes at very different levels, often fully active or completely silenced [15] . (plos.org)
  • We identified hundreds of genes with divergent cis-regulation between highland and lowland landrace alleles, with 20 in common between regions, further suggesting convergence in the genes underlying highland adaptation. (usda.gov)
  • Similar to microRNAs, tRF-3s have been found in diverse biological pathways, in particular gene-silencing pathways that rely on base pairing between the small RNAs, in this case tRF-3s, and the target RNAs. (onealcanceruab.org)
  • The book goes on to discuss the evolution of ribosomes and the functions of RNPs, before reviewing the recent work that has revolutionized our understanding of gene regulation by non-coding RNAs, including miRNAs and siRNAs. (cshlpress.com)
  • Our laboratory is interested in the understanding of pathophysiological function and molecular mechanism of new non-coding RNAs (and RBPs) and new modes of gene regulation in c. (rochester.edu)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs responsible for posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. (lu.se)
  • Crossing-over & chromosome structural changes (such as translocations, inversions) disrupt clusters of genes that otherwise might become operons. (ignouworld.com)
  • Prior to December of 2008, an examination of the DHRS4 gene on chromosome 14q11.2 in GenBank revealed that the human DHRS4 gene cluster consisted of two genes, DHRS4 and DHRS4L2 . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Clonal dissemination is associated with chromosome replication, plasmid conjugation with replicative transfer, and gene migration with replicative transposition ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The Yokomori laboratory investigates the mechanisms of chromosome structural organization and how they affect DNA repair and gene regulation in human health and disease. (uci.edu)
  • Ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat on chromosome X (UTX), also known as lysine (K)-specific demethylase 6A (KDM6A), functions as a tumor suppressor gene or oncogene depending on the tumor type and context. (bvsalud.org)
  • TCF7L2 was discovered as a type 2 diabetes susceptibility gene after a strong linkage signal was mapped to chromosome 10q in a Mexican-American population. (medscape.com)
  • Most, if not all, cases of WS1 are caused by mutations in the PAX3 gene located on chromosome band 2q35. (medscape.com)
  • Mutations in the MITF gene, located on chromosome band 3p14.1-p12.3, cause some cases of WS2. (medscape.com)
  • Based on the analysis of gene transcripts and bioinformatic prediction, we propose here that antisense transcription may be involved in the transcriptional initiation regulation of DHRS4 and in the posttranscriptional splicing of DHRS4L2 and DRHS4L1 for the homologous identity of DHRS4 gene cluster. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We also identified a novel mRNA processing mechanism that expands human proteome at the posttranscriptional level and regulates gene expression (Yao, P, et al. (rochester.edu)
  • However, the components and mechanism(s) that determine whether a plant miRNA ultimately regulates its targets by guiding cleavage or translational inhibition are unknown 6 . (nature.com)
  • Testing the hypothesis that SNORD116 regulates microexons could help unveil the molecular mechanism, and lay the foundation for rational therapeutic approaches. (uky.edu)
  • MicroRNAs are known to silence genes by binding to the RNA-induced silencing complex, or RISC. (onealcanceruab.org)
  • Since the first microRNA was identified in 1993 by Victor Ambros and colleagues (the lin-4 heterochronic gene in C. Elegans ), more than 24,000 microRNAs have now been identified. (mdpi.com)
  • Our current focus is to study the role of epigenetic mechanisms and microRNAs. (lu.se)
  • Recent advances have been made in the of host factors, polymorphisms, and candidate genes associated characterization of the immune response to low-molecular- with occupational asthma may improve our understanding of weight agents. (cdc.gov)
  • We find that one way bladder cancer cells activate the pro-survival unfolded protein response to alleviate endoplasmic reticulum stress is by preventing tRFs from silencing the expression of genes involved in this unfolded protein response. (onealcanceruab.org)
  • This module provides an up to date understanding of how fundamental research in bacterial cell biology helps to elucidate central biological questions such as the control and regulation of cell division and of gene expression in bacteria. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • These technologies can be used as biomarker discovery tools in human observational studies or to elucidate mechanisms. (who.int)
  • Anindya Dutta, MBBS, Ph.D., and colleagues have described a novel form of gene regulation that is altered in bladder cancer, leading to the boosting of a gene pathway that helps the cancer cells survive during rapid growth. (onealcanceruab.org)
  • Therefore, it is important to describe their mechanisms of actions, expression patterns and possible target genes and cellular pathways with which they interact. (mdpi.com)
  • We also devised a method to knock-down SNORDs using mixed oligonucleotides and determined that most target genes for SNORD116 regulate microexons, whose deregulation is a hallmark of autism, a feature of PWS. (uky.edu)
  • 2. Determine snoRNA116 mode of function on its target genes. (uky.edu)
  • In contrast, the selection of regulatory mechanisms is independent of the degree of mismatch between a plant miRNA and its target transcript 5 . (nature.com)
  • For example, steroid and thyroid hormones directly bind to nuclear receptors, which induce expression of specific genes. (intechopen.com)
  • Studies of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and arterial endothelial cells (HAEC) showed that therapeutically relevant concentrations of MTX phosphorylate AMPKα Thr172 , and induce cytoprotective genes including manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1). (bmj.com)
  • Inhalation of agents in the workplace can induce asthma in a mechanisms involved in asthma. (cdc.gov)
  • Transcription of the same gene may be needed in different developmental stages. (ignouworld.com)
  • Anti-cell death is a technique adopted by multi-cellular organisms as a defensive and developmental mechanism (Franklin-Tong and Gourlay, pg 390). (essaywriter.org)
  • Gene regulation in developmental biology and the cell cycle. (lu.se)
  • Assessment of gene expression demonstrated variable up-regulation in cellular mechanisms related to metal transport and storage, inflammation, and oxidative stress based upon aerosol composition. (cdc.gov)
  • The cellular mechanisms that enable this remarkable process are just beginning to be elucidated. (lu.se)
  • Regulatory processes in a eukaryotic act, or might act, to control gene expression at various levels. (ignouworld.com)
  • The long-term objective of our laboratory is to identify novel RNA-based molecular mechanisms that control gene expression and conduct pathophysiological function in cardiac system, as well as to develop novel therapeutic approaches for the prevention or treatment of human cardiovascular diseases. (rochester.edu)
  • My lab studies how the genomic sequences that control gene expression function and evolve. (berkeley.edu)
  • Molecular mechanisms of the initiation of transcription from TATA box have been well known as the most essential nuclear events in mammalian cells. (intechopen.com)
  • and (5) for the first time in the Jasper's series describes the current efforts to translate the discoveries in epilepsy disease mechanisms into new therapeutic strategies. (nih.gov)
  • He received his Ph.D. degree in the laboratory of Dr. En-Duo Wang in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Chinese Academy of Science in 2008, where he studied the structural and functional interplay of transfer RNA (tRNA) and tRNA synthetase in bacteria, yeast and human. (rochester.edu)
  • This modification prevents tRF-3bs from silencing the expression of various genes in the unfolded protein response pathway in the cancer cells, resulting in increased expression of those genes. (onealcanceruab.org)
  • It has been previously noted that unfolded protein response-related genes are globally upregulated in several cancer types, including bladder cancer, and so our results suggest that inhibiting the TRMT6/61A enzyme may be a new approach to treat bladder cancer. (onealcanceruab.org)
  • The enhanced expression of CD26 in serum-depleted media and a requirement for HIF-1α suggest a role for nutrients or growth factors in the regulation of CD26 protein expression. (nih.gov)
  • Transcription of a producer gene could occur only if at least one of its receptor sites was activated by forming a sequence-specific complex with activator RNA (or activator protein). (ignouworld.com)
  • This RNA (or protein) would be synthesized by integrator gene in response to the signals by the sensor site that are sensitive to external or internal development signals. (ignouworld.com)
  • Globally, aquaculture is the fastest growing food producing sector, accounting for almost 50% of the animal protein consumed, with the expectation that this will rise to 65% by 2030, due to the increasing emphasis on fish products as important components of a healthy diet ( http://www.fao.org/fishery/aquaculture/en ). (europa.eu)
  • Scientists at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have purified a novel protein and have shown it can alter gene activity by reversing a molecular modification previously thought permanent. (sciencedaily.com)
  • It can function as an enzyme, scaffold various subcellular structures, and regulate gene expression through a variety of mechanisms, as well as act as a key component of the protein synthesis and splicing machinery. (cshlpress.com)
  • This was related to an increased DNMT3a protein association with a discreet region of the Nr3c1 (GR gene) promoter, shown here to undergo increased DNA methylation after FSS. (karger.com)
  • The RYR2 gene provides instructions for making a protein called ryanodine receptor 2. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Almost all of the RYR2 gene mutations involved in CPVT change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the ryanodine receptor 2 protein. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The RYR2 gene mutations responsible for ARVC change single amino acids in the ryanodine receptor 2 protein. (medlineplus.gov)
  • UTX mRNA and protein expression and their regulation in PDA cell lines were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. (bvsalud.org)
  • Molecular neuroscience has largely focused on the functions of protein-coding genes, which account for less than 2% of our DNA. (lu.se)
  • To understand the role of the epigenetic co-repressor protein TRIM28 in the control of transposable elements (TEs) and how TEs control gene regulation in the developing and adult brain. (lu.se)
  • Mutation in bam gene precludes the differentiation step resulting in accumulation of SpG cysts in the testis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • And the long-term regulation of gene expression refers to the regulation during the development & differentiation of organisms. (ignouworld.com)
  • Gene expression must be appropriately maintained to regulate development, differentiation, and proliferation of cells. (intechopen.com)
  • Evidence suggests that the MITF gene transactivates the tyrosinase gene, which is involved in melanocyte differentiation. (medscape.com)
  • [ 5 ] Therefore, mutations in the PAX3 gene could affect regulation of the MITF gene, leading to abnormalities of melanocyte differentiation. (medscape.com)
  • Various potential control points recognized in eukaryotes are regulation at the level of gene structure, initiation of transcription, processing transcript & transport to the cytoplasm, translation of mRNA & post-translation control. (ignouworld.com)
  • Recent studies showed non-canonical function of SNORDs in pre-mRNA alternative splicing, a fundamental process of human gene-regulation and proteome diversity. (uky.edu)
  • We will test the hypothesis that by forming a novel snoRNP, SNORD116 promotes distinct sets of microexons by masking splicing regulatory elements in their pre-mRNA, regulating a gene program influencing vesicular transport. (uky.edu)
  • Here we present a computational approach called exon-intron split analysis (EISA) that measures changes in mature RNA and pre-mRNA reads across different experimental conditions to quantify transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. (nature.com)
  • This work investigates the molecular mechanisms underpinning stress-induced changes in hippocampal GR mRNA levels in vivo. (karger.com)
  • The lab investigates mechanisms of RNA mediated epigenetic gene regulation by employing a combination of biochemistry, cell and molecular biological methods, and genome wide approaches. (lncrnablog.com)
  • In prokaryotes, metabolically related genes are lying close together whereas in eukaryotes metabolically related genes may be scattered throughout the genome. (ignouworld.com)
  • R.J Britten & E.H Davidson developed a theoretical model in 1969 to explain enormous genome & possible modes of regulation in higher forms. (ignouworld.com)
  • We are a hybrid computational and experimental lab who couple genome-scale computational and experimental analysis of gene regulation in Drosophila melanogaster and Saccharomyces cerevisiae with extensive analysis of comparative sequence data and experimental analysis of species closely related to these model systems. (berkeley.edu)
  • We focus on short evolutionary timescales where it is possible to couple specific changes in genome sequences with alterations in gene regulation and expression. (berkeley.edu)
  • The detailed experimental data we are generating for D. melanogaster , and the genome sequences of 12 Drosophila species are a tremendous resource for studying the evolution of gene regulation. (berkeley.edu)
  • The objective being to give an overview of the methods used in the discovery of molecular mechanisms used by model bacteria and the application of this in understanding the basic processes involved in bacterial growth and development in terms of regulation and biological function. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • On the biological level, we demonstrate that gene expression levels fluctuate during in vitro development of both intracellular amastigotes and promastigotes. (cambridge.org)
  • Here, we investigated the clinical significance and biological effects of UTX expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) and determined the potential mechanisms of its dysregulation. (bvsalud.org)
  • It will also provide an introduction into how understanding basic cellular processes can be used to understand the mechanisms by which antibiotics specifically inhibit certain bacteria and permit the identification of new targets for the development of novel antibiotics. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Therefore, the only means of dealing with this situation is to delay the emergence and subsequent dissemination of resistant bacteria or resistance genes. (cdc.gov)
  • Resistance to antimicrobial drugs in bacteria can result from mutations in housekeeping structural or regulatory genes. (cdc.gov)
  • Dissemination can occur at the level of the bacteria (clonal spread), replicons (plasmid epidemics), or of the genes (transposons). (cdc.gov)
  • Molecular mechanisms by which bacteria adapt to environmental change. (otago.ac.nz)
  • MICR 335 will provide a fundamental knowledge of the mechanisms that bacteria use to sense their environment and adapt their gene expression to optimise their growth and survival. (otago.ac.nz)
  • The realization of the vastness of bacterial diversity and the development of novel experimental techniques have propelled molecular microbiology into a new era of investigation This course provides insights into how genes are organized and regulated in bacteria and in their viruses. (lu.se)
  • In principle, development of small molecule inhibitors of interactions of specific transcriptional activators (or repressors) with DNA or with the basal transcription machinery could provide highly selective regulators of gene expression and thus highly selective therapeutic agents (e.g., antiviral agents based on disabling essential viral gene expression). (mtu.edu)
  • Dynamical models based upon known interactions between these master genes, such as mutual antagonism and autoregulation, fail to make the system bistable, a desired feature for robust lineage determination. (lu.se)
  • Environmental factors that can detect specific IgE antibodies against most low-molecular- affect the initiation of occupational asthma include the intrinsic weight agents has resulted in a search for alternative or characteristics of causative agents as well as the influence of the complementary physiopathologic mechanisms leading to airway level and route of exposure at the workplace. (cdc.gov)
  • Recent global analyses of gene transcripts revealed that specific transcription factors (TFs) and their networking systems physiologically correspond to the onset of human diseases, including cancer. (intechopen.com)
  • The mechanism and function of heterochromatin disruption in FSHD muscular dystrophy is another area of research, in which we perform single cell/nucleus analyses to isolate and characterize a small number of disease-driving cells and are developing 3D and tissue on a chip to measure intrinsic defects of FSHD and CRISPR-engineered mutant myocytes. (uci.edu)
  • Methods for analysis of gene expression: microarray, hybridisation, promoter analyses. (lu.se)
  • From 1989 to 1992, Carlberg was a post-doctoral fellow in the team of Willi Hunziker at the Central Research Units of Hoffmann-La Roche in Basel, Switzerland, and started his work on the gene regulation of Vitamin D. From 1992 to 1997, he worked in the Dermatology Department of Jean-Hilaire Saurat at the University of Geneva, where he continued his studies of gene regulation by nuclear receptors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Researchers at Lund University Faculty of Medicine have determined a novel mechanism linking the metabolism of ribonucleic acids, RNA, to the development of leukemia in myelodysplastic syndrome patients, MDS. (lu.se)
  • Therefore, it is all the more surprising that genes commonly found on plasmids in the latter bacterial genus, such as bla for penicillinase production and aac6 ´- aph2 ´´ for resistance to nearly all commercially available aminoglycosides, have not yet emerged in streptococci. (cdc.gov)
  • In other words, expression of specific genes might have relevance to pathogenesis of diseases. (intechopen.com)
  • This article aims to provide an in-depth exploration of molecular hydrogen, from its basic properties to its therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action. (water-for-health.co.uk)
  • To develop vector-based strategies of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in the brain for experimental and therapeutic purposes. (lu.se)
  • Next, we found gene categories related to cell structure, translation, and metabolism that differed in expression across species in virgins, as well as categories associated with cell structure, synaptic and neuroendocrine signaling, and transcription and translation that varied among the focal regions in our study. (cdc.gov)
  • Gene expression profiling is increasingly used in the field of infectious diseases for characterization of host, pathogen and the nature of their interaction. (cambridge.org)
  • We are driven by a desire to understand the molecular basis of organismal diversity, and the belief that many differences in physiology, morphology and behavior arise from changes in gene regulation. (berkeley.edu)
  • Epigenetic information can be transmitted by several different molecular mechanisms, which include but are not limited to DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). (plos.org)
  • A set of structural genes controlled by one sensor site is termed as a battery. (ignouworld.com)
  • Because they are so intimately associated with DNA, even slight chemical alterations of histones can have profound effects on nearby genes. (sciencedaily.com)
  • It seemed possible that these genes are regulated by transcription factors that are themselves regulated by miRNAs, and at a translational level by a process involving DRB2. (nature.com)
  • Colon adenocarcinoma cells were grown to confluence, and expression of CD26 and transcription factors implicated in its regulation was confirmed by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. (nih.gov)
  • The microarray analysis of drb2 also revealed a large set of gene transcripts that were significantly different from wild-type levels, but which are not thought to be the primary targets of miRNA-directed regulation ( Supplementary Fig. 3 ). (nature.com)
  • Analysis of exon composition in the transcripts of DHRS4 gene cluster revealed that exon 1 was absent in all the transcripts initiated from exon a1 of DHRS4L2 and exon a2 of DHRS4L1 . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Additionally, this discussion expands its mandate by analyzing the function and regulation of anti-cell death in plant development. (essaywriter.org)
  • Additionally, we identified genes that were differentially expressed across species after mating in each of our regions of interest. (cdc.gov)
  • In animals, the degree of base pairing between a miRNA and its target messenger RNA seems to determine whether the regulation occurs through cleavage or translation inhibition 1 . (nature.com)
  • Figure 3: Regulation of miRNA targets in floral tissue of drb1 and drb2 . (nature.com)
  • The main aim of this paper is to review the pathways that lead to cell death in plants with a purpose of identifying the anti-cell death genes. (essaywriter.org)
  • Although glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) in the hippocampus play a vital role in the regulation of physiological and behavioural responses to stress, the regulation of receptor expression remains unclear. (karger.com)
  • Drosophila spermatogenesis and the main regulators of gene activity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • More than 200 mutations in the RYR2 gene have been found to cause catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), a heart condition characterized by an abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia) during exercise or emotional stress, which can be fatal. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Researchers are uncertain how RYR2 gene mutations lead to ventricular tachycardia, the abnormally fast and irregular heart rhythm that is characteristic of CPVT. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Some studies have suggested that mutations interfere with the regulation of the RYR2 channel. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Several other mutations in the RYR2 gene have been found to cause a heart condition called arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mutations in multiple genes cause the various forms of Waardenburg syndrome (WS). (medscape.com)
  • Novel mutations of PAX3 , MITF , and SOX10 genes have been described in Chinese patients with WS1 or WS2. (medscape.com)
  • In some cases, WS3 may be a manifestation of homozygous mutations of this gene. (medscape.com)
  • heterozygous mutations in either of these genes cause isolated Hirschsprung disease. (medscape.com)
  • In the minus strand of the human DHRS4 gene cluster, a gene transcribed in an antisense direction was found containing a 5' sequence overlapping the region of exon 1 and promoter of DHRS4 . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Drosophila TAFII150: similarity to yeast gene TSM-1 and specific binding to core promoter DNA. (uci.edu)
  • Together, our results expand knowledge of the genes involved in the pair bonding process and open new avenues of research in the molecular mechanisms of bond formation. (cdc.gov)
  • During his post-doctoral training under Dr. Paul Fox at Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, he made contributions in understanding the translational control mechanisms regulating VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor-A) expression in human monocytes. (rochester.edu)
  • In this Review, we discuss the multiple molecular mechanisms of p53 regulation and how they modulate the induction of apoptosis or cell cycle arrest following DNA damage. (nih.gov)
  • In Britten-Davidson model, it is also proposed that receptor sites & integrator genes may be repeated a number of times so as to control the activity of a large number of genes in the same cell. (ignouworld.com)
  • By cloning the full length of RNA variants through 5'RACE and 3'RACE, we identified two transcription start sites, within exon a2 and exon 1, of this newly named gene DHRS4L1 using neuroblastoma cell line BE(2)-M17. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human genes are so tightly compact within the nucleus that if the DNA of a single cell were unwound and stretched, it would be a line of about two meters in length," said Zhang. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Primarily, the aim of anti-cell death in animals is to describe the processes of autophagy and apoptosis, while necrosis is the mechanism for defining the uncontrollable or chaotic mode of death. (essaywriter.org)
  • Therefore, there is need for fundamental distinction between the different types and functions of genes that are involved in anti-cell death in plants. (essaywriter.org)
  • At the end of the discussion, significant insights will be developed to paint a picture of the emerging trends in plant development with respect to the topical research on anti-cell death genes. (essaywriter.org)
  • The dominant discovery in these experiments indicates that there is a heterologous expression of certain genes in plants that can regulate cell death. (essaywriter.org)
  • [ 16 ] Potential mechanisms through which TCF7L2 variants influence T2DM include its role in adipogenesis, myogenesis, and pancreatic islet development, as well as in beta-cell survival and insulin secretory granule function. (medscape.com)
  • However, prior to commitment, it has been cells, it is evident that GATA-1 and PU.1 are able to specify observed that many genes are expressed at intermediate or basal erythroid and myeloid cell fates (see [16] and references therein). (lu.se)
  • Mechanisms that regulate development from single cell to multicellular organisms. (lu.se)
  • In my goal to understand beta- and alpha-cell regulation, we have lately demonstrated the novel finding that the chloride channel CFTR is present in both mouse and human beta- and alpha-cells. (lu.se)
  • In alpha-cells, CFTR is important for regulation of alpha-cell electrical activity and the generation of action potentials. (lu.se)
  • These multiple layers of regulation enable p53 to execute cellular responses that are appropriate for specific cellular states and environmental conditions. (nih.gov)
  • These include genes involved in regulating transcription, neuron structure, and synaptic plasticity. (cdc.gov)
  • We provide a new mechanism for the regulation of heart development by PITX2 isoforms through the regulation of ANF and PLOD1 gene expression and Nkx2.5 transcriptional activity. (lu.se)