Penicillin ResistancePenicillinsPenicillin GStreptococcus pneumoniaePenicillin VPneumococcal InfectionsPenicillin-Binding ProteinsAnti-Bacterial AgentsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMuramoylpentapeptide CarboxypeptidaseDrug Resistance, MicrobialHexosyltransferasesPeptidyl TransferasesDrug Resistance, BacterialPoint MutationPenicillin G ProcainePenicillinaseMutationMutation, MissensePenicillin AmidaseNeisseria gonorrhoeaePenicillin G BenzathineLactamsDrug ResistanceAminoacyltransferasesBacterial ProteinsSerotypingDrug Resistance, MultipleDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialErythromycinTransformation, Bacterialbeta-LactamasesCarrier ProteinsMacrolidesStreptococcal InfectionsMolecular Sequence DataAmpicillinTetracyclineFrameshift MutationNasopharynxCefotaximePneumococcal VaccinesOxacillinStreptococcusDrug Resistance, NeoplasmTransformation, Geneticbeta-LactamsPolymerase Chain ReactionBase SequenceDNA, BacterialGenes, BacterialMoraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalisPneumonia, PneumococcalPlasmidsR FactorsGerm-Line MutationStaphylococcusAmino Acid SequenceDrug Resistance, ViralStaphylococcus aureusCarrier StateDisease ResistanceElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldRespiratory Tract InfectionsEscherichia coliNeisseria meningitidisSpainPedigreeVascular ResistanceCommunity-Acquired InfectionsCulture MediaHaemophilus influenzaeSequence Analysis, DNABacteremiaGenotypeMolecular EpidemiologyBacteriaMutation RateDNA FingerprintingCephalosporinsPhenotypeAllelesTetracycline ResistanceExonsHeterozygoteAmino Acid SubstitutionDNA Mutational AnalysisMutagenesis, Site-DirectedBacterial Typing TechniquesStreptomycinMutagenesisPolymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformationalbeta-Lactam ResistanceDNA PrimersGonorrheaAmpicillin ResistanceCloning, MolecularPrevalenceChromosome MappingHomozygote