Mechanisms junctions cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

Based on this view, we think that most of the paradox about the role of gap junctions in cardiac impulse propagation will be solved. (ac.ir)
Since then there has been a surge of studies dedicated to discovering the role of gap junctions and connexins in tumor progression [5 12 Reduced expression of connexins and GJIC has been shown in many tumor types and connexins have been recognized as tumor suppressors. (liveconscience.com)

JAM3 knockdown additionally inhibited trophoblast proliferation and increased the number of trophoblasts in the sub-G1 and G2/M phases, indicating cell-cycle disturbance and apoptosis. (bioone.org)
In a different study, in which researchers systematically analyzed mutations identical to those found in patients with Darier disease, mutant SERCA2 protein aggregates were found to cause stress to the endoplasmic reticulum, subsequently inducing cell apoptosis. (medscape.com)
These include the role of connexins in cell growth migration apoptosis signaling and development. (liveconscience.com)
2 Gap junction-independent functions of connexins on tumorigenic cell growth migration and apoptosis Loewenstein and Kanno [11] first established evidence that liver cancer cells were different from normal liver cells in that they lacked intercellular communication. (liveconscience.com)
In addition, cell cycle distribution analysis revealed that G0/G1 phase arrest was induced following pristimerin treatment in CAL‑27 and SCC‑25 cells, which was strongly associated with upregulation of p21 and p27, coupled with downregulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin E. Meanwhile, pristimerin induced significant apoptosis of CAL‑27 and SCC‑25 cells, alongside decreased levels of caspase‑3 and specific cleavage of poly (ADP‑ribose) polymerase. (spandidos-publications.com)
Pristimerin has also been reported to induce apoptosis of various human cancer cells, including in multiple myeloma ( 10 ), breast ( 11 ), liver ( 12 ), pancreatic ( 13 ) and prostate cancer ( 14 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In addition to apoptosis induction ( 11 ), the mechanisms involved in the anticancer effects of pristimerin include stimulation of reactive oxygen species generation ( 15 ), blocking of nuclear factor-κB ( 16 ) and proteasome inhibition ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Pristimerin exhibited potent anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects on the OSCC cell lines CAL-27 and SCC-25. (spandidos-publications.com)
Proteomic data showed that apoptosis and junction-related pathways were enriched within 3 days of infection, indicating the occurrence of liver injury. (biomedcentral.com)

Other above represented cell adhe sion pathways include things like integrins, adherens junctions, nectins, and tight junctions. (hdac-inhibitors.com)

Junctional adhesion molecule 3 (JAM3) is involved in epithelial cell junction, cell polarity, and motility. (bioone.org)
The laboratories of Dr. Bhattacharyya and Dr. Dalal study the biogenesis and size and copy control mechanisms of organelles such as the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, the nucleus, the centrosome and the cell-cell adhesion junction the desmosome. (actrec.gov.in)
Connexins are reportedly able to influence cell adhesion migration and cell cycle in a GJIC-independent manner [6-9]. (liveconscience.com)
Gap junction adhesion is necessary for radial migration in the neocortex. (ca.gov)
Even more examination of M7 unveiled an enrich ment of signaling cascades which might be downstream of cellular junctions, most appreciably the focal adhesion pathway. (hdac-inhibitors.com)

Previous researches completed by our team have also demonstrated that resveratrol inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
The present work introduces a computational implementation of some principles of a theory of organism development, namely that the default state of cells is proliferation and motility, and includes the principle of variation and organization by closure of constraints. (nature.com)
In the present model, the bioelectric context of cells and tissue is the field responsible for organization, as it regulates cell proliferation and the level of communication driving the system's evolution. (nature.com)
Starting from a depolarized (proliferative) cell, the organism grows to a certain size, limited by the increasingly polarized state after successive proliferation events. (nature.com)
In line with other studies, we measured heterogeneity in terms of cell cycle, proliferation, and junction organisation. (bvsalud.org)
We correlated cell proliferation with different NOTCH activation states at the single-cell and population levels. (bvsalud.org)
HIV-1 expression induces cyclin D 1 and phospho-pRb (Ser780) expression in infected podocytes, suggesting that HIV-1 activates cyclin D1-dependent cell-cycle mechanisms to promote proliferation of infected renal epithelium. (biomedcentral.com)
In comparison to the two general alternative mechanisms utilized by known transforming viruses to promote cell-cycle progression, namely, by activating or bypassing endogenous D-type cyclins (herein, referred to as "cyclin D"), it has not been established whether HIV-1 gene products trigger either cyclin D-dependent or cyclin D-independent proliferation in non-lymphoid tissues [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Results demonstrated that pristimerin was toxic against the two cell lines, and exhibited inhibitory effects against proliferation. (spandidos-publications.com)
Proteomic-based GO analysis demonstrated that biological processes such as cell deformation, proliferation, migration and wound healing occurred in the liver during the early infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic stem cell-specific microRNAs regulate the G1-S transition and promote rapid proliferation. (ca.gov)
miR-294/miR-302 Promotes Proliferation, Suppresses G1-S Restriction Point, and Inhibits ESC Differentiation through Separable Mechanisms. (ca.gov)
In vitro studies based on MCF-7 cell proliferation and induction of vitellogenin in primary culture of rainbow trout hepatocytes. (cdc.gov)

ZO-1 is a protein located on a cytoplasmic membrane surface of intercellular tight junctions. (thermofisher.com)
Electron microscopy reveals loss of desmosomes (epithelial intercellular junctions formed by membrane and submembrane protein complexes), breakdown of desmosome-keratin intermediate filament attachment, and perinuclear aggregates of keratin intermediate filaments. (medscape.com)

Liquid-liquid phase separation in cells has emerged as a common principle for the organization of membrane-less compartments. (ki.se)
After neurons are stimulated, synaptic vesicles fuse with the cell membrane, releasing their chemical signals, neurotransmitters. (eurekalert.org)
The ultrafast mechanism perhaps rapidly clears the fusion sites of excess membrane," he wrote. (eurekalert.org)
He concludes that the ultrafast mechanism is not a kiss-and-run model and the slow mechanism does not operate at the plasma membrane, as the clathrin model is thought to. (eurekalert.org)
Each node of Ranvier is flanked by paranodes, where the myelin sheath attaches to the cell membrane. (thephilosophyforum.com)
Because a neuron is more porous to K+ than Na+, sodium-potassium pumps are located throughout the cell membrane, helping to restore ion concentrations of the resting potential by a constant ferrying of two K+ ions into the cell accompanied by three Na+ ions out of the cell. (thephilosophyforum.com)
Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used throughout the cell as a source of chemical energy . (wikipedia.org)
Importantly, we observed that loss of N-myristoylation resulted in greatly reduced infectivity of assembled mature virus particles, characterized by significantly reduced host cell entry and a decline in membrane fusion activity of progeny virus. (cdc.gov)

Here, we reconstructed Par-dependent polarity using non-polarized Drosophila S2 cells expressing all three components endogenously in the cytoplasm. (elifesciences.org)
Thus, this reconstruction system provides an experimental paradigm to study features of the assembly process and structure of Par-dependent cell-autonomous polarity. (elifesciences.org)
We used Drosophila Schneider cells (S2 cells) of mesodermal origin, as host cells for cell-autonomous reconstruction of cell polarity ( Schneider, 1972 ). (elifesciences.org)
Gene ontology annotation revealed a number of critical signalling pathways that were differentially expressed in cells treated with LA, including biological processes involved in establishment of cell polarity, molecular functions that regulate junctional structures, and cellular components associated with epithelial repair (cell leading edge, ruffle and apical junctional complex). (ecco-ibd.eu)

These observations raise the possibility that HIV-1 gene products may interact with mitogenic pathways in infected renal epithelium to cause aberrant cell-cycle engagement. (biomedcentral.com)
His research is focused on Cell surface receptors, Ligand-receptor networks, Signalling pathways and inhibition, Signal transduction, Trafficking mechanisms. (hoajonline.com)
We are aiming at characterizing the signaling mechanisms that regulate the liquid-liquid phase transitions in the synaptic vesicle cycle, mitochondrial functions, and degradation pathways at nerve terminals to clarify how do they become affected at the early stages of neurodegenerative diseases and which molecular steps lead to protein aggregate formation. (ki.se)
The underlying mechanisms of these effects were primarily mediated by G 1 phase cell cycle arrest and inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulate kinase 1/2 (Erk 1/2) and protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
A plausible mechanism for how signaling from these pathways is integrated into a transcriptional response is offered by the remaining module, six. (hdac-inhibitors.com)

The aberrant cell-cycle progression of HIV-1-infected kidney cells plays a major role in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated nephropathy, however the mechanisms whereby HIV-1 induces infected glomerular podocytes or infected tubular epithelium to exit quiescence are largely unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
This group focuses on the cell biology of normal and tumor cells and how these differences can explain tumor progression and possibly identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention. (actrec.gov.in)
The objectives of these studies are to provide novel insights into how the cell regulates organelle size and number, how these mechanisms are altered in tumor cells and the subsequent consequences for tumor progression. (actrec.gov.in)
The laboratories of Dr. Dalal, Dr. Hasan and Dr. Teni study cell cycle progression and checkpoint control. (actrec.gov.in)
Fortunately, extensive Ned 19 MedChemExpress progress has been created in molecular targeted therapy together with the emerging improvement of novel target-specific drugs because the investigation on the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and progression grows. (rockinhibitor.com)
Genomic stability relies around the precise execution of DNA replication, chromosome segregation, DNA repair and genomic monitoring mechanisms, and their integration with cell cycle progression and also other processes. (rockinhibitor.com)

In addition, these proteins can also associate with claudin, occludin and F-actin, at tight junction stands, where they provide a linkage between the actin cytoskeleton and the tight junction. (thermofisher.com)
TNF-α induced a relocalization of tight junction protein occludin and increased the lateral diffusion speed of HCV receptor tetraspanin CD81 in polarized HepG2 cells, providing a mechanism for their increased permissivity to support HCV entry. (ox.ac.uk)

Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis The clinical presentation of AAC is usually nonspecific, but tradihg in differ- entiated cells, induces transcription factors that profitabe vate stress response strateggy [Witt et al. (forextrading-madeeasy.com)
A combination treatment of Simvastatin (Simva) and Temozolomide (TMZ) inhibits autophagy flux and induces unfolded protein response (UPR) in GBM cells (U251, U87). (mdpi.com)
Al though it has been shown that EPO induces tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 in addition to a likely purpose for this gene continues to be inferred in fetal definitive erythropoi esis through pathway examination, activation of Stat3 is uncommon in hematopoietic cell lines. (hdac-inhibitors.com)

In this phase, same L protein acts as a replicase and ignore the gene junctions to generate a polycistronic anti-genomic analogue that acts as a template for further rounds of replication to generate many more copies of the genome RNA. (wikipedia.org)
Within the context of DNA double-strand breaks, MUS81 maintainshttp://jcancer.orgJournal of Cancer 2019, Vol.genome stability by forming a heterodimer with Eme1/Mms4 and resolving the Holliday junction (HJ) [6]. (rockinhibitor.com)
Cell cycle-dependent formation and activation of this tri-nuclease complex provides a unique mechanism by which cells ensure chromosome segregation and preserve genome integrity. (figshare.com)
Although most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus , the mitochondrion has its own genome ("mitogenome") that is substantially similar to bacterial genomes. (wikipedia.org)
iCLIP of spliceosome components reveals that PRPF8 depletion decreases RNP complex formation at most splice sites in exon-intron junctions throughout the genome. (biomedcentral.com)

Arguably, the most recognized and well-studied stromal populations in thymus biology are thymic epithelial cells (TEC) within the cortical and medullary areas, which are defined by their anatomical separation and function. (frontiersin.org)
Cortical epithelial cells (cTEC) support the earliest thymocyte progenitor populations, guiding them through the cortex, directing them to a T-cell lineage fate and ensuring their functional qualities as self-MHC restricted cells through the process of positive selection ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Gap junctions: multifaceted regulators of embryonic cortical development. (ca.gov)
Although spontaneous changes of [Ca 2+ ] i have been examined in immature cortical neurons, the calcium dynamics of cortical precursor cells have received less attention. (jneurosci.org)
Using an intact cortical mantle and confocal laser microscopy, we examined the spatiotemporal patterns of spontaneous [Ca 2+ ] i fluctuations in neocortical ventricular zone (VZ) cells in situ . (jneurosci.org)
These results demonstrate distinct patterns of spontaneous [Ca 2+ ] i change in cortical precursor cells and raise the possibility that these dynamics may contribute to the regulation of neurogenesis. (jneurosci.org)

ZO-1 may be involved in signal transduction at cell-cell junctions. (thermofisher.com)
His research area of expertise includes growth-related heat shock proteins, translational control of gene expression, molecular mechanisms of stress-dependent signal transduction, nucleo-cytoplasmic signalling, role of stress-activated protein kinase MK2 in vivo using knockout mouse models, regulation of gene expression by protein phosphorylation at the post-transcriptional level and new ERK3/MK5 signalling modules. (hoajonline.com)

As a structure-specific endonuclease, MUS81 is involved in cell cycle regulation and regulates the DNA damage repair approach. (rockinhibitor.com)
The regulation of DNA repair by the cell cycle is largely the result of chromatin alterations that happen through DNA replication, compression, and dissociation that permit cells to divide effectively [8]. (rockinhibitor.com)
Cell cycle regulation by MicroRNAs in embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
Transcriptional integration of upstream signaling Examination of M6 unveiled an enrichment for TFs together with other nuclear proteins involved in cell cycle regulation, chromatin modifications, and epigenetic regulation. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
Description of acidosis and fixed and respiratory alkalosis Respiratory and renal regulation of blood pH.Energy metabolism:Energy sources: alattacid, glycolytic and aerobic lactate mechanism. (uninsubria.eu)

Symptoms range from a purely ocular form to weakness of the limb, bulbar and respiratory muscles, which are attributed to the unique pathophysiology of impaired neuromuscular transmission, which produces a dynamic disorder governed by the cycle of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) repair. (medscape.com)
To address our goals we use several model systems such as giant reticular spinal axon in lamprey, Drosophila neuromuscular junction, and mammalian neurons, in combination with molecular biology, genetics, cellular imaging techniques, and intracellular recordings. (ki.se)
An Endocytic Scaffolding Protein together with Synapsin Regulates Synaptic Vesicle Clustering in the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction. (ki.se)
Neuromuscular Junction. (uninsubria.eu)
During her postdoc training, equipped with broad range of skills and knowledge, she moved onto studying several different themes in neuroscience such as glutamate transporter, voltage gated calcium channels, prion, immediate early gene Arc, TrpC channels, activity dependent synaptic vesicle cycling and NCAM in the neuromuscular junction formation and myelinogenesis in invertebrate. (tesarlab.com)

CD44, a cell surface component that interacts with the extracellular matrix, has been found to be highly expressed in CSCs of several solid tumors. (elsevierpure.com)

ZO-2 and ZO-3 are ubiquitously expressed within epithelial tight junctions, and unlike ZO-1, which is also expressed at cell junctions of cardiac myocytes, ZO-2 is not expressed in nonepithelial tissue. (thermofisher.com)
Carcinogenesis is introduced through a localized event (a spot of depolarized cells) or by random depolarization of cells in the tissue, which returns cells to their initial proliferative state. (nature.com)
This simplified model of embryogenesis, tissue organization and carcinogenesis, based on non-excitable cells' bioelectric properties, can be made more realistic with the introduction of other components, like biochemical fields and mechanical interactions, which are fundamental for a more faithful representation of reality. (nature.com)
An organism's growth and transformation during its life cycle is a tremendously complex succession of processes and events but even a simplistic and limited theory, dealing with only the general trend and generating a broad vision of tissue organization, can drive specific studies and experiments to further inform this field of research. (nature.com)
Similar to normal tissue stem cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to be quiescent or slow-cycling and, thereby, insensitive to chemo- and radiotherapies. (elsevierpure.com)
Slow thaw times and repeat freeze-thaw cycles produce more tissue injury than a single freeze and thaw. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism , tissue , and cell type. (wikipedia.org)

Dr. Paul Robert Fisher holds the Chair in Microbiology at La Trobe University, where he leads the Microbial Cell Biology Group. (hoajonline.com)
The Eppendorf and Science Prize in Neurobiology recognizes outstanding international neurobiological research based on current methods and advances in the field of molecular and cell biology by a young, early-career scientist, as described in a 1,000-word essay based on research performed within the last three years. (eurekalert.org)
Drosophila neuroblast asymmetric cell division: recent advances and implications for stem cell biology. (ca.gov)
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology. (lu.se)

Dedifferentiation is the process by which terminally differentiated cells acquire the properties of stem cells. (bvsalud.org)
Gata6-lineage positive and negative epidermal stem cells in wounds are transcriptionally indistinguishable. (bvsalud.org)
Furthermore, in contrast to reprogramming of induced pluripotent stem cells, the same genes are expressed in the epidermal dedifferentiation and differentiation trajectories, indicating that dedifferentiation does not involve adoption of a new cell state. (bvsalud.org)
Intrapulmonary delivery of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells improves survival and attenuates endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in mice. (ca.gov)

Because the disease-causing mutations in ATP2A2 affect functional domains of the gene, the mechanism of autosomal dominant transmission is believed to be haploinsufficiency, in which a single wild-type functioning ATP2A2 is insufficient to prevent disease. (medscape.com)
Filamentation is rescued in this mutant by expression of the gtaB gene involved in cell wall synthesis. (biologists.com)
TCDD for every step of the mechanism described for 2,3,7,8-TCDD carcinogenesis in humans including receptor binding, gene expression, protein activity changes, cellular replication, oxidative stress, promotion in initiation-promotion studies and complete carcinogenesis in laboratory animals. (who.int)
Gene expression patterns of human colon tops and basal crypts and BMP antagonists as intestinal stem cell niche factors. (ca.gov)

In the last few years, some different evidences suggest another view on action potential propagation via myocardial cells. (ac.ir)
Some researches offered that myocardial cells may not require low-resistance connections for successful propagation of action potential. (ac.ir)
Resting potential and action potential in undifferentiated myocardial cells and pacemakers. (uninsubria.eu)

Polarization is a fundamental cellular property that plays a vital role in various biological processes in multi-cellular as well as single-cell organisms. (elifesciences.org)
Data generated in Dr. Bussard's laboratory suggest that osteoblasts form gap junctions with metastasis-suppressed breast cancer cells, which may contribute to cellular crosstalk between the two cell types. (jefferson.edu)
Bone osteoblasts were also found to produce exosomes which contain exosomal microRNAs found to be involved in cell cycle control and cellular dormancy. (jefferson.edu)
In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling , cellular differentiation , and cell death , as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth . (wikipedia.org)
[20] This finding has led to general acceptance of the endosymbiotic hypothesis - that free-living prokaryotic ancestors of modern mitochondria permanently fused with eukaryotic cells in the distant past, evolving such that modern animals, plants, fungi, and other eukaryotes are able to respire to generate cellular energy . (wikipedia.org)
Cellular morphology, time-lapse imaging, and nuclear staining demonstrated that this activity occurred in mitotically active cells. (jneurosci.org)

The system reaches homeostasis, with a depolarized core (proliferative cells) surrounded by a rim of polarized cells (non-proliferative in this condition). (nature.com)
1) identify microRNA, proteins, and novel mediators that facilitate cancer cell dissemination to bone, including mediators of cancer cell arrival and localization, as well as delineate conditions that orchestrate proliferative quiescence and cancer cell re-activation in bone. (jefferson.edu)
Combined, these data suggest that there is extensive crosstalk between osteoblasts and disseminated cancer cells in bone, and highlights the importance of investigating osteoblasts as key players which mediate cancer cell proliferative quiescence in bone. (jefferson.edu)
Furthermore, pristimerin exhibited a more potent anti‑proliferative activity in CAL‑27 and SCC‑25 cells than the common chemotherapy drugs cisplatin and 5‑fluorouracil. (spandidos-publications.com)
After mitosis, daughter cells can either remain proliferative and re-enter the cell cycle or become terminally postmitotic and migrate out of the VZ ( McConnell, 1995 ). (jneurosci.org)
Both intrinsic and extrinsic signals are likely to influence the proliferative potential and eventual fates of precursor cells within the VZ. (jneurosci.org)

Mukhopadhyay C.K. A Study on the molecular mechanism of insulin-induced activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1, the master regulator of oxygen homeostasis. (jnu.ac.in)
Mukhopadhyay C.K . A study on the plausible molecular mechanism(s) on hepatic iron overload in hyperinsulinemia. (jnu.ac.in)
The results of the present study provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of action of LA on the protection of TJ integrity in anoxic injury, an IBD microenvironment and the potential for a more broad use in important digestive diseases such as IBD. (ecco-ibd.eu)
However, the molecular mechanism by which C. sinensis juvenile initially infects the host remains poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
Throughout her scientific career, her primary interest has been molecular mechanism of cell-cell communication. (tesarlab.com)

Viral life cycle is cytosolic. (wikipedia.org)
Accumulation of adequate amounts of viral proteins within infected cells through viral transcription and subsequent translation potentiate the onset of viral replicative cycle. (wikipedia.org)
The precise mechanism underlying the switch in polymerase function during viral replication remains unknown. (wikipedia.org)
however, their role in the viral life cycle is poorly understood. (ox.ac.uk)
We have recently shown that the replication of rhinovirus, poliovirus and foot-and-mouth disease virus requires the co-translational N-myristoylation of viral proteins by human host cell N-myristoyltransferases (NMTs), and is inhibited by treatment with IMP-1088, an ultrapotent small molecule NMT inhibitor. (cdc.gov)

Our results demonstrate that although the mechanism of electrical field alters the resting potential of the post-junctional cell, but it is not sufficient to excite the post-junctional cell. (ac.ir)
its structural components include not only tight junctions (TJs), but also gap junctions (GJs) and atypical adherens junctional complexes - ectoplasmic specialization (ES) [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The positional and relational information extracted with our novel approach is key to elucidating the molecular mechanisms underpinning EC heterogeneity. (bvsalud.org)
Thus, there is a critical need for elucidating the molecular mechanisms facilitating breast cancer dormancy and reactivation in the bone such that preventative therapeutics can be developed. (jefferson.edu)

HIV-1-infected podocytes showed markedly elevated cyclin D 1 mRNA and cyclin D 1 protein, the latter of which did not down-regulate during cell-cell contact or differentiation, suggesting post-transcriptional stabilization of cyclin D 1 protein levels by HIV-1. (biomedcentral.com)
It is well documented that GJIC is important in mediating normal cell growth differentiation and development. (liveconscience.com)
We previously provided an overview of the gap junction-independent functions of connexins on cell growth differentiation and tumorigenicity [6]. (liveconscience.com)

Significantly, there are additional non-epithelial stromal cells (NES) that exist alongside TEC within thymic microenvironments, including multiple subsets of mesenchymal and endothelial cells. (frontiersin.org)
Broadly separated into mesenchymal and endothelial cells, NES have been implicated in thymus organogenesis, thymocyte development, tolerance induction and development/maintenance of epithelial stroma. (frontiersin.org)
Indian hedgehog regulates intestinal stem cell fate through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during development. (ca.gov)

Our current interest is in the molecular mechanisms, which link the synaptic vesicle cycle with the onset of neurodegenerative diseases and primerily under conditions that lead to α-synuclein-related pathologies observed in Parkinson's disease, as well as in several diseases referred to as synucleinopathies. (ki.se)

The mechanisms by which specific ATP2A2 mutations impact the function of the ATP2A2 protein have been investigated using an in vitro model. (medscape.com)
The investigators found that the resultant transfected cells showed defects in ATP2A2 protein expression (15 mutants), ATP hydrolysis (29 mutants), calcium transport (4 mutants), and calcium binding and kinetics (3 mutants). (medscape.com)
[ 7 ] Thus, diverse biochemical mechanisms are responsible for altered protein function. (medscape.com)
Present study was designed to establish a causal connection between changes in the cell-cell junction protein expression at the blood-testis barrier and alterations in the adult rat testis histology following an anti-androgen flutamide exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
Particular emphasis was placed on the basal ectoplasmic specialization (ES) in the seminiferous epithelium and expression of gap junction protein, connexin 43 (Cx43). (biomedcentral.com)
For biological systems, Q peaks were first observed in protein from different perspectives [3,7,9,13,15,21-23] , the detailed molec- powders and attributed to 1H-14N spin pairs [9], which were also ular mechanism of the ubiquitous 1H-14N Q peaks in biological sys- thought to be of critical importance for the background 1H relaxa- tems has not been established. (lu.se)

Furthermore, p53 as a transcription factor in DDRs is involved in innate and adaptive responses through recognizing immune receptors and activating immune cells such as T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages. (ppjonline.org)

However, the relevancy between CD44 + cells and slow-cycling cells and the underlying mechanisms for the emergence of CD44 + CSCs during tumorigenesis have not been elucidated. (elsevierpure.com)
Here we show that a gastric gland residing at the squamo-columnar junction (SCJ) in normal mouse stomach contains CD44 + stem cell-like slow-cycling cells and that this characteristic CD44 + gland was expanded by prostaglandin E2 (PGE 2 ) and Wnt signaling in K19-Wnt1/C2mE mouse, a genetic mouse model for gastric tumorigenesis. (elsevierpure.com)
In this review we provide an updated overview on the current knowledge of gap junction- and hemichannel-independent functions of connexins in particular their effects on tumorigenesis neurogenesis and disease development. (liveconscience.com)

Studies in 2D cell monolayers have shown that several species of bacteria usurp the host actin cytoskeleton to propel themselves into neighbouring cells either via lateral cell membranes or via filopodia extensions. (biologists.com)

PCI-34051 and the permeability and signaling properties of the individual gap junctions and hemichannels are defined by their specific connexins. (liveconscience.com)

In addition to basic science investigations in such areas as tumor cell invasion, oncogenes, immunotherapy and genetic inheritance, our scientists and physicians participate in national cancer trials. (upstate.edu)

While adult lymphoid progenitor cells are produced by the bone marrow, their lineage commitment and development into mature T-cells is dependent on their migration into the thymus, where essential interactions with heterogeneous thymic stromal cells take place ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
During this time, precursor cells undergo interkinetic nuclear migration ( Seymour and Berry, 1975 ) in which cells in the DNA synthetic S phase have their nuclei in the upper third of the VZ. (jneurosci.org)

Activation of blood-derived and intrahepatic macrophages with a panel of Toll-like receptor agonists induce soluble mediators that promote hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry into polarized hepatoma cells. (ox.ac.uk)
High concentrations of HCV particles could stimulate macrophages to express TNF-α, providing a direct mechanism for the virus to promote infection. (ox.ac.uk)

Endothelial cells (ECs) are heterogeneous across and within tissues, reflecting distinct, specialised functions. (bvsalud.org)

When imaging near the ventricular surface, synchronous spontaneous [Ca 2+ ] i increases were frequently observed in pairs of adjacent cells. (jneurosci.org)
Ventricular pressure and volume during the cardiac cycle. (uninsubria.eu)

band structure, intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors - charge carrier concentrations and transport phenomena · non-equilibrium in semiconductors: excitation and recombination mechanisms, charge carrier injection · understanding of key parameters of semiconductor materials · properties and function of components such as pn junctions, metal- semiconductor junctions, transistors and solar cells. (lu.se)

Dhar S . K. Functional analysis of replication and cell cycle regulated genes in Plasmodium falciparum The Wellcome Trust, UK (2003-08). (jnu.ac.in)
During cefoxitin-based nasal screening, phenotypically categorized methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was isolated and tested negative for the presence of the mecA and mecC genes as well as for the SCC mec - orfX junction region. (cdc.gov)

Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries Here, the computationally predicted functional purpose for Stat3 in primitive, but not definitive, erythroid cell maturation is validated in vitro. (hdac-inhibitors.com)

ATM and ATR are directly targeted and phosphorylated in mammalian cells by Chk1 and Chk2. (ppjonline.org)
Some cells in some multicellular organisms lack mitochondria (for example, mature mammalian red blood cells ). (wikipedia.org)

The studies on checkpoint control have identified a mechanism by which entry into mitosis is regulated in response to incomplete DNA replication and DNA damage and the identification of a potential target for therapeutic intervention. (actrec.gov.in)
additionally, at the finish of mitosis, CyclinB1 is prompted to degrade the complex, enabling cells to complete the replication cycle [10]. (rockinhibitor.com)
When cells pass from S to G 2 , the nuclei migrate toward the VZ surface where mitosis occurs. (jneurosci.org)

Tight junctions (TJs) located at the apical lateral region of adjacent intestinal epithelial cells are largely responsible for regulating the intestinal mucosal barrier. (ecco-ibd.eu)

MetZilla comprises multi-walled carbon nanotubes embedded in the silver matrix to electromechanically reinforce the metal grid lines and busbars of multi-junction solar cells. (pv-magazine.com)
When the carbon nanotubes are properly functionalized and appropriately incorporated into commercial silver pastes, the resulting metal contacts on solar cells, after screen-printing and firing, show exceptional fracture toughness," wrote the innovation's creators in a paper describing the process. (pv-magazine.com)
A variation of the technology can also be applied to the high-efficiency gallium arsenide (GaAs) solar cells used in satellites . (pv-magazine.com)
Metzilla Plate Technology replaces photolithography and vacuum evaporation in the production of III-V material solar cells . (pv-magazine.com)

Electrical field has been suggested as the main effective mechanism in action potential propagation. (ac.ir)
It is demonstrated that in the lack of gap junctions, electrical field is sufficient for action potential propagation. (ac.ir)
We simulated the mechanism of electrical field and local circuit current separately, studied the effect of these mechanisms on action potential propagation and compared them with each other. (ac.ir)
The composite metal contacts are also 'self-healing' as they are able to regain electrical continuity after cycles of complete electrical failure caused by extreme strain. (pv-magazine.com)
The resulting composite metal contacts, according to Osazda scientists, have an electrical gap-bridging capability of up to 50 μm and are self-healing as they can regain electrical continuity even after cycles of complete electrical failure under extreme strain. (pv-magazine.com)
This allows for the spread of electrical and chemical signals to cells within a defined radial compartment within the VZ. (jneurosci.org)
Electrical discharge of these pacemaker cells stimulates adjacent cells, leading to stimulation of successive regions of the heart in an orderly sequence. (msdmanuals.com)

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a CNS disorder that is characterized by both inflammatory and neurodegenerative mechanisms of brain and spinal cord injury. (medscape.com)

We study the molecular and biophysical mechanisms underlying and regulating vesicle trafficking in neurons and in particular in their axons and presynaptic nerve terminals. (ki.se)
Nerve cells, or neurons, operate on a millisecond time scale, but the traditional electron microscopy methods are too slow to track changes that occur in these cells," said Watanabe, who pursued his Ph.D. research at the University of Utah with Dr. Erik Jorgensen and his postdoctoral work in the Rosenmund laboratory at the Charité Universitätsmedizin in Berlin, Germany. (eurekalert.org)
Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that these events occurred primarily in precursor cells rather than in postmitotic neurons. (jneurosci.org)

It appears to first form filaments in intestinal epithelial cells which septate into coccobacilli prior to cell exit. (biologists.com)

Tyagi R.K. Mechanisms of inhibition of transcriptional activity of androgen receptor by antagonists/endocrine disruptors CSIR , (2003-2006). (jnu.ac.in)
IRE1 RNase inhibition (MKC8866) and PERK kinase inhibition (GSK-2606414) affect autophagy flux in U251 and U87 cells (p62 degradation and LC3β-II/LC3β-I ratio) in different ways. (mdpi.com)
Overall, PERK and IRE1 arms of the UPR are involved in the inhibition of autophagy induced by Simva-TMZ- in GBM cells. (mdpi.com)
Inhibition of vaccinia virus L1 N-myristoylation by the host N-myristoyltransferase inhibitor IMP-1088 generates non-infectious virions defective in cell entry. (cdc.gov)

Connexins a family of transmembrane proteins are components of both gap junction channels and hemichannels which mediate the exchange of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells and between the inside and outside of the cell respectively. (liveconscience.com)

The mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of ARDS are complex and are primarily under clinical investigation. (ceufast.com)
ATM is primarily involved in double-strand breaks (DSBs), whereas ATR depends on the junctions of DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) for activation. (ppjonline.org)
Glial cells are primarily produced in a second germinal zone, the subventricular zone that is located superficially to the VZ. (jneurosci.org)

Within SMX, SLX4 co-ordinates the SLX1 and MUS81-EME1 nucleases for Holliday junction resolution, in a reaction stimulated by XPF-ERCC1. (figshare.com)

DNA replication restart mechanism in Helicobacter Pylori . (jnu.ac.in)

Seminiferous epithelium of both groups of rats displayed normal histology without any loss of germ cells. (biomedcentral.com)
They create a specialized microenvironment to support the germ cell development especially through the formation of the blood-testis barrier (BTB). (biomedcentral.com)

However, heterogeneity driven by contact-dependent or short-range cell-cell crosstalk cannot be evaluated with single cell transcriptomic approaches, as spatial and contextual information is lost. (bvsalud.org)
ECPT uncovered a previously under-appreciated single-cell heterogeneity in NOTCH activation. (bvsalud.org)
ecDNAs lack centromeres, and are consequently subject to random inheritance during cell division, driving intratumoral genetic heterogeneity 6 . (nature.com)

While the mechanism for directional metastasis is unknown, the bone microenvironment provides a fertile soil for breast cancer cells to colonize and grow. (jefferson.edu)

Immunoreceptor signaling during development, homeostasis, and effector function of T cells and NK cells. (upstate.edu)
This theory would deal with the way an organism spontaneously grows from a single cell to a complete and complex organism, introducing organization at the different development stages and homeostasis for a mature organism. (nature.com)
Non-coupling or non-communicating gap PCI-34051 junctions and hemichannels result in the disruption of normal homeostasis. (liveconscience.com)
Maintenance of genomic stability is crucial for standard development, cell homeostasis and tumor suppression [7]. (rockinhibitor.com)

These results offer a new view on action potential propagation in which both of the abovementioned mechanisms are necessary for normal cardiac functioning, but in different times of a cardiac cycle. (ac.ir)
It seems that gap junction has a dynamic behavior in each cardiac cycle, managing different routes of propagation in the diverse moments of normal cycle. (ac.ir)

Cell-cycle arrest was associated with the engagement of checkpoint kinase 2-cell division cycle 25C-cyclin-dependent kinase 1/cyclin B1 signaling. (bioone.org)
However, impaired splicing affects only a subset of human transcripts, enriched for mitotic cell cycle factors, leading to mitotic arrest. (biomedcentral.com)

Cl- channels are located at the junction between dendrites and soma to block signal transmission while the neuron is at rest. (thephilosophyforum.com)
She hopes to find the molecular basis of earthworm myelin and regeneration property of myelin producing cells, neuron, glia and blasts cells as well as evolutional development and relationship of glial cells and immune cells in earthworm. (tesarlab.com)

How do pathogens spread from cell to cell in a live animal? (biologists.com)

As shown by examination of semi-thin and ultrathin sections, cell surface occupied by the basal ES connecting neighboring Sertoli cells and the number of gap and tight junctions coexisting with the basal ES were apparently reduced in flutamide-treated rats. (biomedcentral.com)
In the testis, Sertoli cells serve as supporting cells and reside as a basal epithelial lining within the seminiferous epithelium. (biomedcentral.com)

The thymus supports T-cell development via specialized microenvironments that ensure a diverse, functional and self-tolerant T-cell population. (frontiersin.org)
The production of a diverse αβ-T-cell pool is vital to establishing and maintaining a functional adaptive immune system. (frontiersin.org)
In the interstitial compartment, however, short-term exposure leads to both histological and functional changes of the Leydig cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Dlx1 and Dlx2 control neuronal versus oligodendroglial cell fate acquisition in the developing forebrain. (ca.gov)

DNA damage responses (DDRs) are conserved mechanisms that evolved to maintain eukaryotes' DNA integrity. (ppjonline.org)
[1] pl. mitochondria ) is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes , such as animals , plants and fungi . (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy31

Organisms14

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs108

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes77

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Role of gap junctions2

Apoptosis9

Adherens junctions1

Adhesion5

Proliferation13

Intercellular2

Membrane8

Polarity4

Pathways5

Progression6

Occludin2

Induces3

Genome5

Cortical6

Signal transduction2

Regulation5

Neuromuscular5

Extracellular1

Tissue7

Biology4

Stem cells4

Gene4

Myocardial3

Cellular6

Proliferative6

Molecular mechanism5

Viral5

Junctional2

Elucidating the molecular mechanisms2

Differentiation3

Mesenchymal3

Synaptic vesicle1

Protein6

Receptors1

Tumorigenesis3

Cytoskeleton1

Permeability1

Tumor cell1

Migration2

Macrophages2

Endothelial1

Ventricular2

Recombination1

Genes2

Maturation1

Mammalian2

Mitosis3

Lateral1

Solar cells4

Electrical7

Neurodegenerative1

Neurons3

Intestinal epithelial1

Inhibition4

Adjacent1

Primarily3

Holliday1

Replication1

Germ2

Heterogeneity3

Microenvironment1

Homeostasis4

Cardiac cycle2

Arrest2

Neuron2

Pathogens1

Basal2

Functional3

Neuronal1

Eukaryotes2