However, plants can experience a lower oxygen availability (hypoxia) or total absence of oxygen (anoxia) owing to flooding of the soil or as a consequence of the anatomical structure of some tissues. (ristudypost.com)
Plants cannot survive for long periods of time under hypoxia or anoxia, but some species can avoid or withstand anaerobiosis. (ristudypost.com)
Ethylene production under anoxia is prevented by the lack of oxygen, required for the conversion of 1-aminocyclopropane1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to ethylene, while production of this hormone is observed under hypoxia. (ristudypost.com)
1) Gene expression studies identify genes that are up-regulated in response so hypoxia/anoxia and also evaluate the activity status of specific transcription factors and the suite of genes under their control in order to determine how anoxia tolerant systems respond when oxygen is withdrawn. (kenstoreylab.com)
Tolerance4
Ongoing Projects (i) Mechanisms of Ammonia Tolerance & Nitrogen Excretion in Fishes. (wlu.ca)
ii) Mechanisms of Anoxia Tolerance in the Goldfish. (wlu.ca)
2011. Mechanisms associated with cellular desiccation tolerance in the animal extremophile Artemia. (ucdavis.edu)
2011. Mechanisms associated with cellular desiccation tolerance of Artemia encysted embryos from locations around the world. (ucdavis.edu)
Oxygen8
The collective geochemical datasets provide some of the first direct paleoredox evidence for an increase in marine oxygen concentrations as a key mechanism for the Ordovician radiation of marine life. (lu.se)
A caesarean birth is likely to cause more harm than a normal delivery since it results in anoxia which means a temporary loss of oxygen to the brain. (medicforyou.in)
The physiological mechanism(s) allowing some plant species to survive in oxygen-deprived environments are still largely unknown. (ristudypost.com)
In this review, we describe some classical aspects of the physiology of plants under limited oxygen availability, highlighting new evidence of gene modulation by anoxia arising from recent microarray experiments using Arabidopsis seedlings. (ristudypost.com)
Positions are available starting in September for Ph.D. students to study the regulatory mechanisms that allow selected organisms to survive for extended times without oxygen. (kenstoreylab.com)
The signature of that kill mechanism, climate warming and oxygen loss, is this geographic pattern that's predicted by the model and then discovered in the fossils," Penn said. (sciencedaily.com)
The agreement between the two indicates this mechanism of climate warming and oxygen loss was a primary cause of the extinction. (sciencedaily.com)
Expansions in reducing marine conditions are commonly invoked as key causal mechanisms for mass extinctions, while increases in marine oxygenation are becoming an increasingly common causal mechanism invoked for biodiversification events. (lu.se)
Here, we test new kill-mechanisms for iconic Devonian mass-extinctions. (ugent.be)
Arabidopsis3
The availability of molecular tools for genome-wide analyses of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings transcriptome opens new opportunities for the study of plant responses to anoxia. (ristudypost.com)
In this article, we analyze the results obtained by transcript profiling of Arabidopsis seedlings under anoxia and discuss the results in relation to the existing literature on the anaerobic response of higher plants. (ristudypost.com)
The effects of anoxia on starch synthesis genes are limited, and the pathway of starch degradation is not induced under anoxia in Arabidopsis thaliana. (ristudypost.com)
Toxicity8
Act (FQPA) of 1996 requires that factors to be considered in establishing, modifying, or revoking tolerances for pesticide chemical residues shall include the available information concerning the cumulative effects of substances that have a common mechanism of toxicity, and combined exposure levels to the substance and other related substances. (cdc.gov)
These cell lines will be used to determine how ammonia affects neuron survival, and to establish the mechanism of ammonia toxicity in brain cells by exposing cells to ammonia in the presence of various drugs that are thought to reduce the ammonia's toxic effects in the nervous system. (wlu.ca)
All of these benefit from understanding the fundamental mechanisms of toxicity. (cloudaccess.net)
Understanding the mechanism by which a substance causes toxicity enhances different areas of toxicology in different ways. (cloudaccess.net)
For the forensic toxicologist the mechanism of toxicity often provides insight as to how a chemical or physical agent can cause death or incapacitation. (cloudaccess.net)
If the mechanism of toxicity is understood, descriptive toxicology becomes useful in predicting the toxic effects of related chemicals. (cloudaccess.net)
Understanding mechanisms of toxicity is the art and science of observation, creativity in the selection of techniques to test various hypotheses, and innovative integration of signs and symptoms into a causal relationship. (cloudaccess.net)
Transient1
for example, during several transient Cretaceous events, anoxia spanned much of what is now the Atlantic Ocean or maybe even almost all of the ancient oceans. (blogspot.com)
Soil2
These factors include anoxia, nutrient deficiency, decreased or elevated temperature, or soil pollution e.g. with heavy metals. (lublin.pl)
Rice bran is the standard carbon source for ASD and we identified three other substrates (molasses, mustard seed meal, and tomato pomace) that are similar in efficacy to rice bran at generating and sustaining soil anoxia and reducing the population of an introduced plant pathogen. (usda.gov)
Symptoms1
To gain new insights into the underpinning mechanisms of CP symptoms we investigated the long-term effects of PA and disuse on the hind limb musculoskeletal histology and topographical organization in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) of adult rats. (cdc.gov)
Suppression3
ASD is under study for adoption in tree crops as a replacement for chemical-fumigation, but its widespread use is limited by incomplete understanding of its suppression mechanisms and high economic costs. (usda.gov)
A new focus is epigenetics - the mechanisms of global transcriptional suppression that contribute for metabolic rate depression while frozen. (kenstoreylab.com)
Our newest interest is epigenetic mechanisms as the means of global suppression of transcription during torpor. (kenstoreylab.com)
Regulatory1
To elucidate the exact roles of autophagy/mitophagy and reveal its in-depth regulatory mechanisms, we conduct a systematic literature study and analyze the factors that might be responsible for divergent results obtained. (bvsalud.org)
Neuronal2
This may prevent the activation of downstream cell death mechanisms and restore Cl - homeostasis and neuronal function. (jneurosci.org)
It is also neuroprotective in various in vivo experimental models of neuronal injury involving excitotoxic mechanisms. (nih.gov)
Aerenchyma1
Bacanamwo and Purcell (1999) reported that morphological mechanisms of acclimation to flooding stress in soybean appear to involve an avoidance of water loss by transpiration and a facilitated transport of atmospheric O 2 to the submerged roots through the flood-induced formation of adventitious roots and aerenchyma. (cropscience.org.au)
Bacterial2
In my own work, I have used the by-products of certain bacterial pigments to interrogate the extent of that anoxia. (blogspot.com)
Combined effects of zooplankton grazing and dispersal on the diversity and assembly mechanisms of bacterial metacommunities. (uu.se)
Adult1
In contrast, if anoxia is prolonged or if adult hippocampal slices are subjected to OGD under conditions that model cerebral ischemia, in vivo , the loss of synaptic transmission may become irreversible ( Zhu and Krnjević, 1999 ). (jneurosci.org)
Responses1
2) Biochemical studies evaluate the signaling mechanisms involved in activating metabolic responses to freezing. (kenstoreylab.com)
Understood2
In vivo , diazepam is neuroprotective when given early after ischemia, although the mechanism by which this occurs is not well understood. (jneurosci.org)
The types of processes that bring about anoxia are relatively well understood. (blogspot.com)
Effects3
In in vitro tests, riluzole protected cultured rat motor neurons from the excitotoxic effects of glutamic acid and prevented the death of cortical neurons induced by anoxia. (nih.gov)
Another situation that causes severe effects due to anoxia is a pre-mature delivery which can even cause the death of the infant. (medicforyou.in)
Mechanisms of anti-inflammatory relative effects of Evodia rutaecarpa and its bioactive components are summarized in Additional file 1 . (biomedcentral.com)
Genes3
Genes coding for enzymes of the lipid degradation pathway are repressed by anoxia, mostly at the level of lipases, while the genes encoding b-oxidation and the glyoxylate cycle genes are unaffected or moderately induced by anoxia. (ristudypost.com)
The microarray results highlight the strong induction of two sucrose synthase genes, which, together with the repression of neutral invertase (At1g35580) and the activation of an invertase inhibitor, suggests that a sucrose-synthase pathway predominates for sucrose utilization under anoxia, as previously proposed for rice seedlings. (ristudypost.com)
This pragmatic approach allows identification of pertinent issues and their resolution as well as enhancement of our understanding of the mechanisms of joint toxic action. (cdc.gov)
Detailed knowledge of toxic mechanisms will enhance the predictability of newer risk models currently being developed and will result in continuous improvement. (cloudaccess.net)
While not discussed in this article, an enhanced understanding of toxic mechanisms and their ultimate consequences in an ecosystem would help scientists to make prudent decisions regarding the handling of municipal and industrial waste material. (cloudaccess.net)
Rice1
The production of alanine is indeed relevant in rice roots, reaching up to 1.2% of the dry weight after 24 hr under anoxia. (ristudypost.com)
Processes1
Growth regulators are also involved, although the mechanisms of these complex and interactive processes require elucidation. (globalsciencebooks.info)
Survival1
In Anoxia: Paleontological Startegies and Evidence for Eukaryotic Survival. (ucdavis.edu)
Evidence1
Although anoxia is one of the suggested mechanisms for the exclusion of grazers, we find that it is not supported by geochemical and biotic evidence. (psu.edu)
Plants1
The discovery that the activity of aluminium-activated malate transporters (ALMTs) can be regulated by GABA 18 represents a plausible mechanism by which GABA signals could be transduced in plants, providing a putative-but unproven-novel signalling link between primary metabolism and physiology 19 . (nature.com)
Fatty1
These differences in protein abundance have given greater understanding of the mechanism by which salt stress promotes fatty acid accumulation in the un-sequenced microalga C. nivalis as it switches to a non-growth state, whereas C. reinhardtii does not have this response. (biomedcentral.com)
The mechanism of action in Dermatitis herpetiformis has not been established. (nih.gov)
Cyanides and especially hydrogen sulfide also have additional mechanisms of action not yet fully characterized. (msdmanuals.com)
Major1
Anoxia is a major problem because a premature infant's respiratory mechanism is not fully developed. (medicforyou.in)
Important2
Besides the important role of fermentative metabolism, the AHB/NR1-dependent NADH utilization can be useful to regenerate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) under anoxia. (ristudypost.com)
It is generally accepted that the severe apoptosis of mucosal epithelial cells induced by over accumulation of NO and subsequent local cytotoxicity is an important pathogenic mechanism of necrotizing enterocolitis [ 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Plant2
In some unfavourable conditions, the plant activates its defence mechanisms, which mitigate the impact of these conditions. (lublin.pl)
Here, we establish endogenous GABA as a bona fide plant signal, acting via a mechanism not found in animals. (nature.com)
Control1
Intuitive, automated operating and control mechanisms. (imagescanners.asia)
Common1
I will explain the common mechanisms behind vaccine damage and how vaccines harm the health of everyone who receives them regardless of whether or not they notice any adverse reactions at the time they take the shots. (tapnewswire.com)
Damage1
Therefore, we can say that the more complicated the birth and the more damage to the brain due to anoxia, the greater will be the effect on the infant's postnatal life. (medicforyou.in)
Complex1
Understanding environmental mechanisms is complex and presumes a knowledge of ecosystem disruption and homeostasis (balance). (cloudaccess.net)
Motor1
Comparison between sensorimotor restriction and anoxia on gait and motor cortex organization: implications for a rodent model of cerebral palsy. (cdc.gov)
RESEARCH1
Research focuses on the biochemistry of metabolic arrest, in particular the mechanisms that regulate and coordinate the depression of all cell functions in concert to permit long term homeostasis in the torpid state. (kenstoreylab.com)
Global1
Similar studies on global faunal PETM records may confirm, refine or refute this mechanism as a driver for the benthic foraminiferal extinction. (confex.com)
Human1
ATP is released from human osteoblasts by multiple mechanisms. (ljmu.ac.uk)