Mechanism for self renewal self renewal progenitor satellite cell. Medical search. Frequent questions

1 2 Residing outside the sarcolemma but within the basal lamina of individual myofibers is a population of cells that are responsible for muscle repair and regeneration, the satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)
6 These manipulations result in satellite cell activation and proliferation, which in turn are responsible for muscle repair and regeneration. (arvojournals.org)
Using genetic tools to conditionally abrogate C/EBPβ expression in Pax7 + cells, we examined the role of C/EBPβ in self-renewal of satellite cells during muscle regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
After a single muscle injury, C/EBPβ-deficient satellite cells fail to self-renew resulting in a reduction of satellite cells available for future rounds of regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings demonstrate that C/EBPβ is a novel regulator of satellite cell self-renewal during muscle regeneration acting at least in part through Notch2. (biomedcentral.com)
Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α or XBP1 in mice diminishes skeletal muscle regeneration that is accompanied with reduced number of satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
Finally, targeted ablation of IRE1α also reduces Notch signaling, abundance of satellite cells, and skeletal muscle regeneration in the mdx mice, a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. (elifesciences.org)
Collectively, our experiments suggest that the IRE1α-mediated signaling promotes muscle regeneration through augmenting the proliferation of satellite cells in a cell non-autonomous manner. (elifesciences.org)
The findings shed new light on mechanisms of regeneration of healthy myofibers after severe tissue injury and suggest interplay between these fibers and muscle satellite cells though mechanisms remain to be elucidated. (elifesciences.org)
However, the mechanisms of muscle regeneration are not yet fully understood. (elifesciences.org)
She completed her PhD in Dr. Peter Zammit's lab at King's College London (UK), where she investigated muscle stem cell regeneration in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived muscle progenitor cells (hiPSC-MuPCs) resemble fetal-stage muscle progenitor cells and possess in vivo regeneration capacity. (bvsalud.org)
In 2009 beginning of 2010 we have focused on investigating what factors human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) may produce that enhance regeneration and if those factors have any effects by themselves on regeneration. (ca.gov)
Finally, our data suggest that muscle stem cells either do not accumulate DNA damage with age or can efficiently repair such damage, when activated for tissue regeneration. (ca.gov)
Although much should be achieved for completely understanding the biological basis of aging, cellular senescence is now believed to mainly contribute to organismal aging via two independent, yet not mutually exclusive mechanisms: on the one hand, senescence of stem cells leads to exhaustion of stem cells and thus decreases tissue regeneration. (molcells.org)
To achieve this, it would involve renewal of the injury signaling, reestablishment of the communication and transportation system, recruitment of the materials for repairing, regeneration of the failed organ, and rehabilitation of the renewed organ. (biomedcentral.com)
Skeletal muscle growth and regeneration involves the activity of resident adult stem cells, namely satellite cells (SC). (sdbonline.org)
Ductular reaction is known to be present in most chronic liver diseases, but it seems especially important in hepatic stem and progenitor cells in liver regeneration mechanisms underlying hepatic fibrosis, and hepatobiliary carcinogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)

high MyoD expression represses cell renewal, promotes terminal differentiation and can induce apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
The balance between differentiation and self-renewal is critical to maintain muscle tissue homeostasis, and alterations in this equilibrium can lead to chronic muscle degeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
The transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) is expressed in Pax7 + satellite cells of healthy muscle and is downregulated during myoblast differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
We find that loss of C/EBPβ leads to precocious differentiation at the expense of self-renewal in primary myoblast and myofiber cultures. (biomedcentral.com)
When overexpressed in the murine myoblast cell line C2C12 or in primary myoblasts, C/EBPβ reduced MyoD and other myogenic protein levels during differentiation, in addition to reducing myoblast fusion. (biomedcentral.com)
Loss of C/EBPβ in SCs results in precocious differentiation at the expense of self-renewal in both primary myoblasts and myofiber cultures. (biomedcentral.com)
The embryonic AMPs are at the origin of all adult fly muscles and, as we demonstrate here, they express repressors of myogenic differentiation and targets of the Notch pathway known to be involved in muscle cell stemness. (biologists.com)
whereas LREC in suprabasal epithelial layers are enriched for more committed progenitor cells, expressing some genes that are associated with stem cell attributes along with those indicative of cell differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
This dictates cycles of mammary growth, differentiation, lactation, and regression, during which mammary stem cells (MaSC) provide for the lineages of luminal and basal (myoepithelial) epithelial cells in the ducts and alveoli. (frontiersin.org)
Deletion of HP1β, but not HP1α, in ESCs provokes a loss of the morphological and proliferative characteristics of embryonic pluripotent cells, reduces expression of pluripotency factors and causes aberrant differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
However, in differentiated cells, loss of HP1β has the opposite effect, perturbing maintenance of the differentiation state and facilitating reprogramming to an induced pluripotent state. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrate an unexpected duality in the role of HP1β: it is essential in ESCs for maintaining pluripotency, while it is required for proper differentiation in differentiated cells. (biomedcentral.com)
This unique duality makes them an attractive system for potential regenerative medicine and cell therapies, but also for differentiation studies in vitro and for modeling diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
All cells have been tested for myotube differentiation. (zen-bio.com)
She then spent 3 years completing a postdoc with Dr. Francesco Saverio Tedesco at University College London (UK) in stem cell trans-differentiation and disease modelling. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
Assessing and enhancing migration of human myogenic progenitors using directed iPS cell differentiation and advanced tissue modelling. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
In clinical practice, these involve the life-long immunosuppression of the organ transplantation patients, the creation of the supporting environment for engineered tissues in the mended organ, the unsolved issues of cell survival and differentiation of the cell-based therapy, and the selection and development of vectors for gene therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
IL-2/IL2R also promotes the differentiation of T cells into effector T cells. (ilreceptor.com)
Conversely, ectopic expression of PRDM16 in myoblasts induces their differentiation into brown fat cells. (bioseek.eu)
The hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) have been identified in the human liver as bipotential cells capable of proliferation and differentiation into both hepatocellular and biliary cell lineages [ 11 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Three-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture can promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSC). (biomedcentral.com)

Enriched expression of genes in LRECb was associated with stem cell attributes and identified WNT, TGF-β, and MAPK pathways of self renewal and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), derived from the blastocyst-stage embryo, are capable of generating all cell types of the mammalian body (pluripotency) and of maintaining the capacity for indefinite self-renewal without compromising their genomic integrity. (biomedcentral.com)
Three-dimensional niche stiffness synergizes with Wnt7a to modulate the extent of satellite cell symmetric self-renewal divisions. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
We used conjugated polymers to develop a novel neural stem cell culture substrate with anchored growth factors to promote cell self-renewal. (5dok.org)

The use of patient's own bone marrow aspirates, hematopoietic stem cells and MSCs, for heart muscle tissue repair can be puzzling because these cells do not normally contribute to the cardiac lineage types that are desired. (biomedcentral.com)
We used a clinically acceptable regimen of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to establish mixed donor/host blood cell chimerism and immune tolerance in a canine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy ( cxmd ) [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

One of the main actions of MyoD is to remove cells from the cell cycle (halt proliferation for terminal cell cycle arrest in differentiated myocytes) by enhancing the transcription of p21 and myogenin. (wikipedia.org)
During rapid mammary growth in the mouse, label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) appear to retain label by asymmetric distribution of DNA strands, as evidenced by a rapid proliferation index of the LREC ( Smith, 2005 ). (frontiersin.org)
During periods of low mammary proliferation, quiescence of the stem cell population may account for retention of label. (frontiersin.org)
However, diprotin A, a positive modulator of CXCR4-SDF-1 binding, significantly enhanced engraftment and stimulated sustained proliferation of donor cells in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
Diprotin A stimulation of CXCR4, however, significantly increased the number of canine dystrophin-positive muscle fibers and canine-derived satellite cells by enhancing donor cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Eph/ephrin signaling is a cell-to-cell communication pathway, which regulates cell migration and proliferation. (5dok.org)

Ex vivo cultures of myofiber explants demonstrate that ablation of IRE1α reduces the proliferative capacity of myofiber-associated satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
These approaches result in the loss of all histological information pertaining to the in vivo locale of MaSC and progenitor cells. (frontiersin.org)
Here we show by in vivo fate mapping that brown, but not white, fat cells arise from precursors that express Myf5, a gene previously thought to be expressed only in the myogenic lineage. (bioseek.eu)
Using biologically relevant elastic substrates to study cell function in vitro has proven beneficial, as the in vivo microenvironment usually is much softer than rigid plastic dishes. (5dok.org)
Traditional cell delivery methods involve direct seeding and attachment of MSC on biomaterial scaffolds before in vivo transplantation [ 26 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, this method may not be optimal for the delivery of cell spheroids where the 3D structure, essential to maximize their in vivo effects, is lost by direct seeding. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, mtDNA stress in TFAM-deficient mouse melanoma cells produces tumours that are more resistant to doxorubicin in vivo. (regenerativemedicine.net)

Curiosity ingly, even though the methylation standing of APC did not differ Discussion Gene silencing by epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation or histone acetylation continues to be proven to contribute to HCC improvement. (ilreceptor.com)

however, the level of telomerase activity is low or absent in the majority of stem cells regardless of their proliferative capacity. (nature.com)
Telomeric DNA consists of short guanine-rich repeat sequences in all eukaryotes with linear chromosomes, and its length in human somatic cells is remarkably heterogeneous among individuals ranging from 5 to 20 kb, according to age, organ, and the proliferative history of each cell ( Wright and Shay, 2005 ). (nature.com)
Telomerase can add telomeric repeats onto the chromosome ends, and prevents the replication-dependent loss of telomere and cellular senescence in highly proliferative cells of the germline and in the majority of cancers ( Blasco, 2005 ). (nature.com)
As stem cells have elongated proliferative capacity, they should have a mechanism that maintains telomere length through many cell divisions. (nature.com)
The RDCs are pathological, proliferative, biliary epithelial cell-like cells formed during repair process after liver injury, and are able to secrete various cytokines and chemokines, which interact with microenvironment [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The transplantation of muscle progenitor cells (MuPCs) differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is a promising approach for treating skeletal muscle diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). (bvsalud.org)
Transplantation of myogenic stem cells possesses great potential for long-term repair of dystrophic muscle. (biomedcentral.com)
In murine-to-murine transplantation experiments, CXCR4 expression marks a population of adult murine satellite cells with robust engraftment potential in mdx mice, and CXCR4-positive murine muscle-derived SP cells home more effectively to dystrophic muscle after intra-arterial delivery in mdx 5cv mice. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we used a canine-to-murine xenotransplantation model to quantitatively compare canine muscle cell engraftment, and test the most effective cell population and modulating factor in a canine model of DMD using allogeneic transplantation experiments. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, the canine-to-murine xenotransplantation model accurately predicted results in canine-to-canine muscle cell transplantation. (biomedcentral.com)
Intramuscular injection of donor muscle-derived cells into chimeric cxmd recipients restored dystrophin expression for at least 24 weeks in the absence of post-transplant immunosuppression, indicating that cell transplantation may be a viable therapeutic option for muscular dystrophy. (biomedcentral.com)
Yet, it remains unclear from murine transplantation experiments which cell population most effectively engrafts into diseased skeletal muscle. (biomedcentral.com)

The function of MyoD in development is to commit mesoderm cells to a skeletal myoblast lineage, and then to regulate that continued state. (wikipedia.org)
Taken together, these data indicate that PRDM16 specifies the brown fat lineage from a progenitor that expresses myoblast markers and is not involved in white adipogenesis. (bioseek.eu)

While numerous teams continue to refine and expand the role of bone marrow and cord blood stem cells for their vanguard uses in blood and immune disorders, many others are looking to expand the uses of the various types of stem cells found in bone marrow and cord blood, in particular mesenchymal stem cells, to uses beyond those that could be corrected by replacing cells in their own lineage. (biomedcentral.com)
More research teams are accelerating the use of other types of adult stem cells, in particular neural stem cells for diseases where beneficial outcome could result from either in-lineage cell replacement or extracellular factors. (biomedcentral.com)
The splicing co-factor Barricade/Tat-SF1, is required for cell cycle and lineage progression in Drosophila neural stem cells. (unibas.ch)
In Drosophila with depleted RACK1 in all muscle cells or, specifically, in SC lineage resulted in a delayed recovery of skeletal muscle after physical damage as well as the low presence of active SC in the wound area. (sdbonline.org)

Previous molecular characterizations of mammary stem cells (MaSC) have utilized fluorescence-activated cell sorting or in vitro cultivation of cells from enzymatically dissociated tissue to enrich for MaSC. (frontiersin.org)
Instead, we used laser microdissection to excise putative progenitor cells and control cells from their in situ locations in cryosections and characterized the molecular properties of these cells. (frontiersin.org)
Our results support the use of DNA label retention to identify MaSC and also provide a molecular profile and novel candidate markers for these cells. (frontiersin.org)
Our work is at the stage of understanding the molecular mechanisms by which the aging of the regenerative potential of organ stem cells can be reversed by particular human embryonic factors that are capable of neutralizing the affects of aged niches on tissue regenerative capacity. (ca.gov)
Additionally, our data in progress suggest that muscle and brain age by similar molecular mechanisms and thus, therapeutic strategies for rejuvenating muscle repair might be applicable to the restoration of neurogenesis in aged brain. (ca.gov)
Here, we discuss current progress and limitations in understanding molecular mechanisms of senolytics and senostatics and therapeutic strategies for applying them. (molcells.org)
The effects of ginseng oligosaccharides (GSOs) on neuronal oxidative injury induced by glutamate (GLU) and the molecular mechanisms involved were investigated. (sdbonline.org)
BTE aims to combine the cellular ( osteogenic cells), extracellular ( osteoconductive scaffolds) and/or molecular elements ( osteoinductive growth factors) required for bone healing [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The poor performance of stem cells in an aged organ, such as skeletal muscle, is caused by the changes in regulatory pathways such as Notch, MAPK and TGF‐β, where old differentiated tissues and blood circulation inhibit the regenerative performance of organ stem cells. (ca.gov)
The epidemic of obesity, closely associated with increases in diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cancer and other disorders, has propelled a major interest in adipose cells and tissues. (bioseek.eu)
Adipose tissues contain two distinct types of fat cells, white and brown. (bioseek.eu)
Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)

At the same time, the first three trials using cells derived from pluripotent cells have begun. (biomedcentral.com)

In somatic cells, the activity of telomerase, a reverse transcriptase that can elongate telomeric repeats, is usually diminished after birth so that the telomere length is gradually shortened with cell divisions, and triggers cellular senescence. (nature.com)
Thus, even in stem cells, except for embryonal stem cells and cancer stem cells, telomere shortening occurs during replicative ageing, possibly at a slower rate than that in normal somatic cells. (nature.com)
In most human somatic cells except for stem cells and lymphocytes, telomerase activity is diminished after birth so that telomere length shortens with each cell division. (nature.com)
For example, when the variant H2AZ is incorporated into the nucleosome it increases the accessibility of DNA to specific transcription factors and promotes the conversion of somatic cells to iPS cells. (jove.com)
therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. (jove.com)

MyoD has also been shown to function cooperatively with the tumor suppressor gene, Retinoblastoma (pRb) to cause cell cycle arrest in the terminally differentiated myoblasts. (wikipedia.org)
Human skeletal myoblasts satellite cells are isolated from consented patients with good representation from all levels of adiposity and age. (zen-bio.com)
We also demonstrate that the transcriptional regulator PRDM16 (PRD1-BF1-RIZ1 homologous domain containing 16) controls a bidirectional cell fate switch between skeletal myoblasts and brown fat cells. (bioseek.eu)

10 Even more compelling is a recent study that subjected individual quiescent satellite cells isolated from adult limb muscle to stretching in vitro, and showed that direct stretching of the satellite cells themselves results in activation and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. (arvojournals.org)
A defined synthetic mixture of amino acids, salts, carbohydrates, vitamins and serum was shown to support cells in vitro[ 3 ], thus unifying a major variable in cell culturing experiments and providing a possibility for rapid development of this novel method. (intechopen.com)

4 ] in 1951 cell culturing has become one of the most widely used methods with exceptional contribution to the advances in almost all fields of contemporary biology - cell biology, genetics, cell biochemistry, physiology etc. (intechopen.com)
Insights into the biology of stem cells will be gained by confirmation and characterization of candidate MaSC markers identified in this study. (frontiersin.org)
It thus would require a comprehensive understanding of developmental biology and a development of new approaches to activate the critical players to rejuvenate the self-repair mechanism in the elder or under chronic injury condition. (biomedcentral.com)
Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology, 72. (unibas.ch)
Cold Spring Harbor, NY -- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (CSHLP) announced the release of The Digital Cell: Cell Biology as a Data Science, available on its website in hardcover format. (cshlpress.com)

MyoD is expressed at extremely low and essentially undetectable levels in quiescent satellite cells, but expression of MyoD is activated in response to exercise or muscle tissue damage. (wikipedia.org)
Skeletal muscle, the most abundant tissue of the body, has remarkable regenerative capacity mainly due to its resident muscle stem cells, also known as satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
The identification of heterogenous distribution of factors across the myofiber is an important contribution for dissecting how muscle stem cell diversity in a tissue is achieved. (sciety.org)
Our data shows that a post-translational mechanism controls spatial heterogeneity of Notch ligands in a multinucleated niche cell to maintain a continuum of diverse states within the SC pool during tissue homeostasis. (sciety.org)
These early trials are showing roles for stem cells both in replacing damaged tissue as well as in providing extracellular factors that can promote endogenous cellular salvage and replenishment. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, the use of hESC-produced pro-regenerative factors for boosting the regenerative capacity of organ stem cells is likely to yield healthy, young tissue. (ca.gov)
Although functional organ stem cells persist in the old, tissue damage invariably overwhelms tissue repair, ultimately causing the demise of an organism. (ca.gov)
On the other hand, senescent cells secrete many proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and proteases, collectively termed as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which causes chronic inflammation and tissue dysfunction. (molcells.org)
The levels of catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were measured in PC12 cells and Drosophila brain tissue. (sdbonline.org)
GSOs also mitigated the deleterious effects of GLU on the mitochondrial membrane potential and Cyt C release, thus alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased GSH levels and CAT activity in both cells and Drosophila brain tissue. (sdbonline.org)
Tissue microarray with peritumoral and intratumoral tissue samples of 120 HCCs after hepatectomy was analysed for peritumoral expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen for PI-DR. Peritumoral and intratumoral expression status of HPC markers including EpCAM, OV6, CD133 and c-kit were also examined by immunohistochemistry. (biomedcentral.com)
Regardless of monolayer or spheroid cell culture, PLATMC-HPLG constructs represent promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. (biomedcentral.com)

Combined Notch and PDGF Signaling Enhances Migration and Expression of Stem Cell Markers while Inducing Perivascular Cell Features in Muscle Satellite Cells. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)

Bioinformatic analysis revealed four cell clusters for hiPSC-MuPCs: myocytes, committed, cycling, and noncycling progenitors Using FGFR4 as a marker for noncycling progenitors and cycling cells and CD36 as a marker for committed and myocyte cells, we found that FGFR4+ cells possess a higher regenerative capacity than CD36+ cells. (bvsalud.org)

Retention of labeled DNA strands may be attributed to the ability of stem cells to retain the parental DNA strand during asymmetric cell division ( Cairns, 1975 ) or to quiescence of the stem cell population such that the DNA label is not diluted by frequent cell divisions ( Klein and Simons, 2011 ). (frontiersin.org)

Basically, given the difference of telomere and telomerase activity in human and mouse cells, the telomere and telomerase status in stem cell populations is different between humans and mice ( Harrington, 2004 ). (nature.com)
Current knowledge of cellular behavior is mainly acquired by studies concerning homogenous populations of cells cultured as monolayers. (intechopen.com)
Tedesco, FS, Moyle, LA, Perdiguero, E. Muscle Interstitial Cells: A Brief Field Guide to Non-satellite Cell Populations in Skeletal Muscle. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
Therefore, these results establish the efficacy of diprotin A in stimulating muscle cell engraftment, and highlight the pre-clinical utility of a xenotransplantation model in assessing the relative efficacy of muscle stem cell populations. (biomedcentral.com)

The researchers expressed the complementary DNA (cDNA) of the murine MyoD protein in a different cell lines (fibroblast and adipoblast) and found MyoD converted them to myogenic cells. (wikipedia.org)
Among these is the isolation of the first line of murine stem cells [ 5 , 6 ] in 1981, followed by establishment of the first human embryonic stem cell lines by Thompson [ 7 ]. (intechopen.com)

In fact, low levels of telomerase activity have been found in human adult stem cells including haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic stem cells such as neuronal, skin, intestinal crypt, mammary epithelial, pancreas, adrenal cortex, kidney, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ( Table 1 ). (nature.com)
We isolated four categories of cells from mammary epithelium of female calves: bromodeoxyuridine label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) from basal (LRECb) and embedded layers (LRECe), and epithelial control cells from basal and embedded layers. (frontiersin.org)
The main epithelial component of DR are reactive ductule cells (RDCs) with biliary/HPC phenotype arranged in an irregularly shaped structure residing along parenchymal-stromal boundaries. (biomedcentral.com)

Her research investigates mechanisms of muscle stem cell dysfunction in neuromuscular disorders, with the aim of transferring this knowledge towards future cell and gene therapies. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)
Current laboratory work includes developing cell models of AMD and assessing the value of gene therapy in AMD. (southampton.ac.uk)

There are many studies involving autologous therapies and some allogenic therapies, based on the recovery of mobilized bone marrow cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and adipose derived stem cells that also include the stromal or adherent cell type that has an MSC phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)

Postnatal growth and repair of skeletal muscle relies upon a population of quiescent muscle precursor cells, called satellite cells that can be activated to proliferate and differentiate into new myofibers, as well as self-renew to replenish the satellite cell population. (biomedcentral.com)
The quiescent muscle stem cell (QSC) pool is heterogeneous and generally characterized by the presence and levels of intrinsic myogenic transcription factors. (sciety.org)

However, the heterogeneity of hiPSC-MuPCs is unknown, which could impact the regenerative potential of these cells. (bvsalud.org)

In the resected muscle and in the passively stretched antagonist muscle, there was a dramatic increase in the number of myofibers positive for neonatal MyHC and in the number of BrdU- and MyoD-positive satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)
Both active and passive stretch of the rectus muscles produced by strabismus surgery dramatically upregulated the processes of satellite cell activation, integration of new myonuclei into existing myofibers, and concomitant upregulation of immature myosin heavy chain isoforms. (arvojournals.org)
3 When a muscle is injured, this specialized cell population becomes activated, divides, and either repairs damaged fibers or forms new myofibers. (arvojournals.org)

A critical length of telomere repeats is required to ensure proper telomere function and avoid the activation of DNA damage pathways that result in replicative senescence or cell death. (nature.com)
Much effort has been recently made to therapeutically target detrimental effects of cellular senescence including selectively eliminating senescent cells (senolytics) and modulating a proinflammatory senescent secretome (senostatics). (molcells.org)
This led to an intriguing hypothesis that senescence contributes to aging, and thus the elimination of senescent cells might delay the aging process. (molcells.org)

As a way to do so, quantitative methylation precise PCR was carried out for APC and RASSF1A in cells taken care of with 0. (ilreceptor.com)
General, Hep3B cells appeared to be more sensitive towards the DACi mediated inhibition of DNA methylation as shown by a significant and robust reduction of methylated APC after only six h. (ilreceptor.com)
In line with all the reduction of methylation, an greater expression of APC was observed in each cell lines, reaching the highest degree at 48 h for Hep3B and at 72 h for HepG2, respectively. (ilreceptor.com)

We have therefore investigated the role of matrix stiffness in Notch signaling in breast cancer cells. (5dok.org)
Our results show that we can tune cell stiffness and migration by regulating Notch activity and matrix stiffness. (5dok.org)
We propose an opportunity to target the cancer cell/microenvironment interface instead of the Notch pathway itself in the development of cancer therapies. (5dok.org)

In the next reporting period we will re-confirm that the levels of candidate proteins from the 500 antibody array actually are very highly produced by hESCs and that the signals from these proteins are perceived by regenerating muscle cells. (ca.gov)
Furthermore, GSOs protected cells against GLU-induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis-associated Bcl-2 family effector proteins and protected cells from GLU-induced oxidative damage by increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. (sdbonline.org)

In Drosophila , a population of muscle-committed stem-like cells called adult muscle precursors (AMPs) keeps an undifferentiated and quiescent state during embryonic life. (biologists.com)

Once the "master controller" MyoD has become active, SETDB1 is required to maintain MyoD expression within the cell. (wikipedia.org)
Embryonic myogenic progenitor cells express CXCR4, G-protein coupled cell surface receptor, and migrate towards regions of SDF-1 expression during limb muscle development, suggesting that CXCR4/SDF-1 plays a role in muscle cell homing. (biomedcentral.com)
We used the xenotransplant model to show that CXCR4 expression on canine donor muscle cells is also important for cell engraftment, but FACS sorting for CXCR4-positive cells decreased their engraftment efficiency. (biomedcentral.com)

Identification and functional characterization of muscle satellite cells in Drosophila. (unibas.ch)
This study aims to understand the function and mechanism of Drosophila Glycine N-acyltransferase (GLYAT) in cell invasion. (sdbonline.org)

These epigen etic mechanisms alone or in combination with genetic modifications like mutations can result in the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes this kind of as RASSF1A or APC and as a result market hepatocarcinogenesis. (ilreceptor.com)

This signaling pathway is a highly conserved cell-to-cell communication system that regulates cell fate in development and disease. (5dok.org)

There has been a rapid surge in clinical trials involving stem cell therapies over the last two to three years and those trials are establishing the clinical pathways for an emergent new medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
This step is important not only to enhance the efficacy of MSC expansion but also to facilitate clinical translation of cell therapies according to current regulations [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Cells sense and respond to the mechanics of their substrate - be it the extracellular matrix, neighboring cells or artificial matrix in cell culture. (5dok.org)

Stem Cell Reports. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)

Firstly, loss of dGLYAT suppressed scrib depletion- or Egr overexpression-induced JNK pathway activation and invasive cell migration. (sdbonline.org)

Recently, the importance of telomere maintenance in human stem cells has been highlighted by studies on dyskeratosis congenital, which is a genetic disorder in the human telomerase component. (nature.com)
Reversible immortalisation enables genetic correction of human muscle progenitors and engineering of next-generation human artificial chromosomes for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. (neuromuscularnetwork.ca)

Cell invasion is a crucial step of tumor metastasis , finding new regulators of which offers potential drug targets for cancer therapy. (sdbonline.org)
Cold Spring Harbor, NY -- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (CSHLP) announced the release of Metastasis: Mechanism to Therapy, available on its website in Hardcover format. (cshlpress.com)

The regulation of telomere length and telomerase activity is a complex and dynamic process that is tightly linked to cell cycle regulation in human stem cells. (nature.com)
Here we review the role of telomeres and telomerase in the function and capacity of the human stem cells. (nature.com)
In the next funding period we also plan to accomplish transition from mouse model to human cells and studies. (ca.gov)
On the cover: Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neuroepithelial-like stem cells stained for actin (green) and DNA (blue). (5dok.org)

Upon the administration of a synthetic drug called rapalog, p16 INK4A positive senescent cells are removed in this system by apoptosis. (molcells.org)

Anatomy62

Organisms22

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs69

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment37

Psychiatry and Psychology12

Phenomena and Processes41

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Humanities1

Information Science6

Health Care7

Regeneration18

Differentiation21

Self-renewal4

Hematopoietic2

Proliferation6

Vivo7

Epigenetic Mechanisms1

Proliferative5

Transplantation7

Myoblast2

Lineage4

Molecular8

Tissues4

Pluripotent cells1

Somatic cells5

Myoblasts3

Vitro2

Biology5

Tissue12

Markers1

Myocytes1

Asymmetric cell div1

Populations4

Murine2

Epithelial3

Gene2

Stromal1

Quiescent muscle2

Regenerative potential1

Myofibers3

Senescence3

Methylation3

Notch3

Proteins2

Adult muscle1

Expression3

Drosophila2

Genes1

Regulates1

Therapies2

Extracellular Matrix1

Stem Cell Reports1

Migration1

Genetic2

Metastasis2

Human4

Apoptosis1