Mechanism for cell division. Medical search. Frequent questions

Each time a cell divides the protective telomere 'cap' gets shorter. (sciencedaily.com)
Telomeres provide a buffer that grows shorter every time a cell divides. (cdc.gov)
Every time a cell divides, the telomeres shorten a bit. (msdmanuals.com)

We also studied the roles of other classes of protein kinases (Cla4) and additional post-translational modifications (SUMOylation) in septin complex assembly, formation of different septin-based supramolecular ensembles, disassembly of septin-containing structures, and the function of septin organization in the events required for cell division and membrane septation during cytokinesis. (berkeley.edu)
FtsZ (filamentation temperature-sensitive Z) is the bacterial homolog of tubulin that polymerizes into rings localized to cell-division sites, and the constriction of these rings drives cytokinesis. (nih.gov)
Traction stimulates the process of cytokinesis, where cells divide to form new cells. (canton-georgia.com)

In eukaryotes, there are two distinct types of cell division: a vegetative division (mitosis), producing daughter cells genetically identical to the parent cell, and a cell division that produces haploid gametes for sexual reproduction (meiosis), reducing the number of chromosomes from two of each type in the diploid parent cell to one of each type in the daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
In cell biology, mitosis (/maɪˈtoʊsɪs/) is a part of the cell cycle, in which, replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei. (wikipedia.org)
The different stages of mitosis all together define the mitotic (M) phase of animal cell cycle-the division of the mother cell into two genetically identical daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
After growth from the zygote to the adult, cell division by mitosis allows for continual construction and repair of the organism. (wikipedia.org)
If the chromosomal number is not reduced, eukaryotic cell division is classified as mitosis (equational division). (wikipedia.org)
The preprophase band (PPB) is a transient ring of microtubules that forms before mitosis in land plants, and delineates the cytokinetic division plane established at telophase. (silverchair.com)
Two dividing cells in different phases of mitosis surrounded by interphase cells. (concordia.ca)
Controlled cell division, or mitosis, is crucial to the development of all living organisms. (concordia.ca)
PhD student Dilan B. Jaunky is investigating the mechanisms that govern mitosis in associate professor Alisa Piekny 's biology lab in the Faculty of Arts and Science . (concordia.ca)
During this phase the cell copies its DNA in preparation for mitosis, when they divide to produce cells genetically identical to themselves. (concordia.ca)
Metaphase and anaphase are both stages in mitosis and we study the mechanisms that govern them. (concordia.ca)
Citokinesis = division of the cytoplasm in the phases of meiosis and mitosis, to separate daughter cells. (cea.fr)
The authors interpret the mechanism of multinucleation to be due to failure of cells to divide following mitosis. (cdc.gov)
Mechanisms for maintaining genetic information during cell division and the generation of genetic variation: replication, mitosis, meiosis, recombination. (lu.se)

On Thursday, Oct. 12, Associate Professor in the Department of Molecular Biosciences at Northwestern University Sadie Wignall shared her findings on the mechanisms oocytes employ to regulate spindles without centrosomes during meiosis. (jhunewsletter.com)
Yarden's lab discovered that BRCA1 targets two specific proteins cyclin B and Cdc25c, which are the "keeper genes" that regulate the G2/M checkpoint - the last checkpoint a cell has to go through before it divides. (georgetown.edu)
In this regard, we have recently shown that efficient activation of Ypk1 by TORC2 requires stimulation of TORC2 by the GTP-bound state of a Rab5 GTPase (Vps21/Ypt51) and that, in turn, Rab5-dependent endocytosis may be a mechanism to down-regulate TORC2 signaling after it has been activated. (berkeley.edu)
We investigated control mechanisms that regulate the activity, localization, and stability of Wee1, especially the bud neck-localized protein kinase Hsl1 and its more distant paralogs (Gin4 and Kcc4), in particular their recruitment to septin filaments, which assemble at the presumptive site of cell division. (berkeley.edu)
My laboratory works on the genetic and molecular mechanisms that regulate aging and aging-related disease. (berkeley.edu)
Mechanisms that regulate development from single cell to multicellular organisms. (lu.se)

We integrate structural biology methods, including NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy and protein X-ray crystallography, to study the protein-protein interactions underpinning cell division regulation. (brookes.ac.uk)
The seminar , titled "Stabilizing a Dynamic Structure: Mechanisms that Maintain Acentrosomal Spindle Integrity During Oocyte Meiosis," was hosted by the Department of Biology at Hopkins for their seminar series. (jhunewsletter.com)
This module provides an up to date understanding of how fundamental research in bacterial cell biology helps to elucidate central biological questions such as the control and regulation of cell division and of gene expression in bacteria. (ncl.ac.uk)
The lecture sequence will comprise of a module introduction followed by lectures on specific aspects of bacterial cell biology. (ncl.ac.uk)
Based on the crystal structure in this research, we propose that a rotary mechanism drives the transformation to initiate DNA replication," said Eric Enemark, Ph.D., an associate member of the St. Jude Department of Structural Biology. (sciencedaily.com)
1) Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Lab, Cell Biology and Infection Department, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris, France. (pasteur.fr)
6 Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710-3709. (nih.gov)
Gene regulation in developmental biology and the cell cycle. (lu.se)

Prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) usually undergo a vegetative cell division known as binary fission, where their genetic material is segregated equally into two daughter cells, but there are alternative manners of division, such as budding, that have been observed. (wikipedia.org)
The divisome is a protein complex in bacteria that is responsible for cell division, constriction of inner and outer membranes during division, and remodeling of the peptidoglycan cell wall at the division site. (wikipedia.org)
This study elucidates the mechanisms employed by endophytes in protecting the plant from diseases and different bioactivities of importance to humans with a focus on endophytic bacteria and fungi. (frontiersin.org)
This review aimed to present the various mechanisms of action used by endophytes in protecting a plant and report some bioactivities of importance to people with special emphasis on endophytic bacteria and fungi. (frontiersin.org)
It will also provide an introduction into how understanding basic cellular processes can be used to understand the mechanisms by which antibiotics specifically inhibit certain bacteria and permit the identification of new targets for the development of novel antibiotics. (ncl.ac.uk)
The objective being to give an overview of the methods used in the discovery of molecular mechanisms used by model bacteria and the application of this in understanding the basic processes involved in bacterial growth and development in terms of regulation and biological function. (ncl.ac.uk)
The work of François Jacob has dealt mainly with the genetic mechanisms existing in bacteria and bacteriophages, and with the biochemical effects of mutations. (nobelprize.org)
He first studied the properties of lysogenic bacteria and demonstrated their «immunity», i.e. the existence of a mechanism inhibiting the activity of genes in the prophage as in infective particles of the same type. (nobelprize.org)
In 1963, together with Sydney Brenner, François Jacob put forward the «replicon» hypothesis to account for certain aspects of cell division in bacteria. (nobelprize.org)

He was appointed Laboratory Director in 1956, then in 1960 Head of the Department of Cell Genetics, recently created at the Institut Pasteur. (nobelprize.org)
In 1964 he was appointed Professor at the Collège de France, where a chair of Cell Genetics was created for him. (nobelprize.org)

The primary concern of cell division is the maintenance of the original cell's genome. (wikipedia.org)
Protein 53 is known as the guardian of the genome since it is basic for the genome's integrity by preventing the accumulation of mutations originating either by the cell's own mechanisms or by the action of external agents. (scienceblog.com)
HLJ1 is a protein involved in a cell's defense mechanism against outside stress. (eurekalert.org)
Telomeres are used to move the cell's genetic material in preparation for cell division. (msdmanuals.com)

Researchers have been studying their ability to replace aged or damaged tissues and cells in a bid to understand the mechanisms underlying their longevity. (sciencedaily.com)
To do this, we must understand the mechanisms that make cancers adapt and become resilient to therapy. (lu.se)

A tubulin-like protein, FtsZ plays a critical role in formation of a contractile ring for the cell division. (wikipedia.org)
Many cell-cycle regulators are targeted for degradation by being tagged with chains of the small protein ubiquitin. (nature.com)
We hypothesize Shot interaction with Arp1 functions to crosslink it to spindle MTs, facilitating MT motor protein Dynein activity, promoting its activities in cell division. (unm.edu)
Protein 53 is very important in protecting against cancer given that it prevents cancer-causing mutations from accumulating and its inactivation is closely linked to the proliferation of tumour cells. (scienceblog.com)
This causes the gene encoding the protein, which in humans is the TP53 gene, to be seen as a tumour suppressor since its inactivation can make it easier for many types of tumour cells to develop. (scienceblog.com)
The Wee1 class of protein-tyrosine kinase has an important role in cell cycle control. (berkeley.edu)
For example, the essential, most well-conserved bacterial division protein, FtsZ, is thought to both provide constriction forces to reduce the radius of the division site, as well as recruiting other division proteins. (umich.edu)
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a major mechanism that detects and alleviates protein-folding stresses in the endoplasmic reticulum. (elifesciences.org)
A New Tumor Suppressor DnaJ-Like Heat Shock Protein, HLJ1, and Survival of Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma. (eurekalert.org)
Recently, Leisch and colleagues have extended these observations by carefully determining cellu-lar dimensions and visualizing the FtsZ division protein with fluorescent E. coli monoclonal anti-bodies. (asmblog.org)
The BUBR1 protein, produced from the BUB1B gene, and the TRIP13 proteins help ensure that each copy of the duplicated chromosomes is attached to a spindle microtubule, and they prevent cell division if any remain unattached. (medlineplus.gov)
The BUB1B gene mutations reduce the amount of functional BUBR1 protein, and TRIP13 gene mutations lead to an absence of TRIP13 protein in cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Crystal structure of the putative cell-wall lipoglycan biosynthesis protein LmcA from Mycobacterium smegmatis. (edu.au)
Phospholipid content was determined by extraction of cells with chloroform and methanol and protein and DNA were measured. (cdc.gov)
Alzheimer Disease Alzheimer disease is a progressive loss of mental function, characterized by degeneration of brain tissue, including loss of nerve cells, the accumulation of an abnormal protein called beta-amyloid. (msdmanuals.com)
protein sorting and protein maturation by passage through the cytoplasmic organelles of the cell. (lu.se)

If the chromosomal number is reduced, eukaryotic cell division is classified as meiosis (reductional division). (wikipedia.org)
For a long time the bacterial cell division process was considered to be a lot simpler than the eukaryotic cell division. (umich.edu)

Meiosis undergoes two divisions resulting in four haploid daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
Homologous chromosomes are separated in the first division of meiosis, such that each daughter cell has one copy of each chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
These chromosomes have already been replicated and have two sister chromatids which are then separated during the second division of meiosis. (wikipedia.org)
In meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes are paired before being separated and distributed between two daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
During her postdoctoral fellowship, Wignall began studying meiosis - a type of cell division that produces reproductive cells with half the number of chromosomes - occurring in female reproductive cells or oocytes. (jhunewsletter.com)
It becomes activated specifically during meiosis, the cell division process resulting in gametes. (scienceblog.com)

Finally, we utilize mRNA sequencing (RNAseq) to describe Shot KD-induced genes involved in DDR, highlighting a distinct mechanism to mitigate loss of a key oriented cell division regulator. (unm.edu)
If they become so short that the genes they protect could be damaged, the cell stops dividing and renewing. (mpg.de)
The genes of cells program a process that, when triggered, results in death of the cell. (msdmanuals.com)

Collectively, our experiments suggest that the IRE1α-mediated signaling promotes muscle regeneration through augmenting the proliferation of satellite cells in a cell non-autonomous manner. (elifesciences.org)
The authors observed that HLJ1 stopped proliferation of lung cancer cells, slowed the cell division cycle's progression, and inhibited the cells' ability to move and invade other tissues. (eurekalert.org)
Hematopoiesis, in particular the genetic control of hematopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation is also studied in human cell cultures and transgenic mouse model systems. (lu.se)

which divides the cytoplasm, organelles, and cell membrane of one cell into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. (wikipedia.org)
The Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Laboratory, directed at the Institut Pasteur by Arnaud Echard (Institut Pasteur/CNRS UMR 3691), is looking into apical-basal polarity acquisition mechanisms during cell division when organs are being formed. (pasteur.fr)
New replacement cells-the progeny of basal stem cells-are born without barrier-forming structures such as a specialized apical membrane and occluding junctions. (stanford.edu)
We find they gestate their future apical membrane in a sublumenal niche created by a transitional occluding junction that envelops the differentiating cell and enables it to form a deep, microvilli-lined apical pit. (stanford.edu)

Transmembrane and intracellular signal transduction mechanisms are the focus of our group, especially understanding how extracellular stimuli control cell growth and division, cell morphology, and gene expression at the biochemical level. (berkeley.edu)
not only can gene expression be manipulated and lineages traced at single-cell and whole-tissue levels, but complete population counts of all cell types are possible. (stanford.edu)
Molecular mechanisms for regulation of gene expression at different levels: remodeling of chromatin, initiation of transcription, nuclear transport and signalling, and RNA interference. (lu.se)

Mechanisms of Prostate Cancer Initiation and. (hhmi.org)
His research shed light on the mechanisms that prevent and suppress leukemia initiation, paving the way for more effective and targeted treatments. (lu.se)
My research has focused on pediatric leukemia and its mechanisms of initiation and suppression. (lu.se)

Cancer is not one disease, but rather many different diseases with different causal mechanisms that share a similar characteristic: uncontrollable cell growth and division (3,4). (cdc.gov)
Mutations in p53, found in most cancers, lead to uncontrollable cell division. (medscape.com)

Ubiquitin ligases refers to a family of proteins that are widely distributed in animals and plants and act as key regulators of cell metabolism and cell signaling. (brookes.ac.uk)
Her laboratory worked to discover which proteins BRCA1 is targeting with ubiquitin and how that activity might help attenuate cell division in response to DNA damage - a function that is important for maintaining genomic integrity and suppressing tumor growth. (georgetown.edu)
The paper shows that in response to DNA damage, BRCA1 is responsible for tagging these two proteins to stop the cells from dividing so repair can occur," Yarden said. (georgetown.edu)
However, as more and more bacterial division proteins are identified, their functions and mechanisms remain largely elusive. (umich.edu)
Lipids and proteins are attacked and oxidized, resulting in loss of chlorophyll and carotenoids and in leaky membranes which allow cells and cell organelles to dry and disintegrate rapidly. (weedscience.org)
To gain insight into the molecular regulation I analysed the composition of whole internalised desmosomes and the potential cross- talk with the actin cytoskeleton and actin-linked cell-cell junction proteins. (manchester.ac.uk)
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the actomyosin crosstalk with desmosome, I depleted cells of proteins that could provide the potential link of desmosomes to the actomyosin machinery (Î±-catenin, Î²-catenin). (manchester.ac.uk)
The mechanism of relative resistance in these isolates involves expression of altered forms of 1 of 4 penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) that are involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis during bacterial growth and cell division ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)

Bacterial cell division is coordinated by several mechanisms including the synthesis. (pasteur.fr)
In 1958 the remarkable analogy revealed by genetic analysis of lysogeny and that of the induced biosynthesis of ß-galactosidase led François Jacob, with Jacques Monod , to study the mechanisms responsible for the transfer of genetic information as well as the regulatory pathways which, in the bacterial cell, adjust the activity and synthesis of macromolecules. (nobelprize.org)
Macromolecular synthesis (chromosome structure, cell division and its control). (lu.se)

On a larger scale, mitotic cell division can create progeny from multicellular organisms, such as plants that grow from cuttings. (wikipedia.org)
Properly executed cell division is crucial to development, maintenance, and longevity of multicellular organisms. (unm.edu)

Cell division gives rise to genetically identical cells in which the total number of chromosomes is maintained. (wikipedia.org)
Before division can occur, the genomic information that is stored in chromosomes must be replicated, and the duplicated genome must be cleanly divided between progeny cells. (wikipedia.org)
During cell division, macromolecule structures known as spindles form to segregate chromosomes. (jhunewsletter.com)
The genetic information inside cells is arranged in twisted strands of DNA called chromosomes. (sciencedaily.com)
Dr Aboobaker predicted that planarian worms actively maintain the ends of their chromosomes in adult stem cells, leading to theoretical immortality. (sciencedaily.com)
Telomeres are protective caps at the ends of chromosomes that become shorter with each cell division. (mpg.de)
In MVA syndrome, some cells are aneuploid and others have the normal number of chromosomes, which is a phenomenon known as mosaicism . (medlineplus.gov)
Typically, at least one-quarter of cells in affected individuals have an abnormal number of chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)
Because the additional or missing chromosomes vary among the abnormal cells, the aneuploidy is described as variegated. (medlineplus.gov)
Before cells divide, they copy all of their chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)
To aid in the equal sorting of chromosomes to the two new cells, structures called spindle microtubules attach to the chromosomes and pull one copy of each to opposite sides of the cell. (medlineplus.gov)
Then the cell divides such that each new cell has a full set of chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)
Without BUBR1 or TRIP13, cell division can proceed, even if not all the chromosomes are attached to spindle microtubules. (medlineplus.gov)
these abnormal chromosomes are often observed in cancer cells. (cdc.gov)

Answers to these questions are likely to elucidate the degrees of freedom in bacterial cell division. (asmblog.org)

Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α or XBP1 in mice diminishes skeletal muscle regeneration that is accompanied with reduced number of satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
Finally, targeted ablation of IRE1α also reduces Notch signaling, abundance of satellite cells, and skeletal muscle regeneration in the mdx mice, a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. (elifesciences.org)
Skeletal muscle, the most abundant tissue of the body, has remarkable regenerative capacity mainly due to its resident muscle stem cells, also known as satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)

We next focus on another regulator, Shortstop (Shot), describing a role for Shot in cell divisions, with both tissue culture and in vivo Drosophila epithelial models showing spindle assembly, spindle misalignment, and chromosome migration defects in Shot knockdowns (KDs). (unm.edu)
The findings shed new light on mechanisms of regeneration of healthy myofibers after severe tissue injury and suggest interplay between these fibers and muscle satellite cells though mechanisms remain to be elucidated. (elifesciences.org)
This property involves activation of the remaining tissue at the site of injury to promote cell division, cell migration and replacement of the missing structures. (unifr.ch)
Jeremy J.W. Chen, Ph.D., of National Chung-Hsing University, Pan-Chyr Yang, M.D., Ph.D., of National Taiwan University in Taiwan, and colleagues increased or blocked the expression of HLJ1 in lung carcinoma cells in the lab and examined the gene's expression in tumor and surrounding tissue cells of 71 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. (eurekalert.org)
The PeniMaster PRO creates this gentle traction on the penis, prompting cell division and tissue expansion. (canton-georgia.com)
While single-cell sequencing provides valuable insights into cellular differences within diverse tissue samples, current tools are only able to detect a small amount of SNVs, limiting information on genetic ancestry. (mdanderson.org)

If this drug is indeed targeting a mechanism unique to highly progressive cancers, then it could provide an alternative treatment for patients in the late stages of their disease. (concordia.ca)
I've always had a strong interest in studying the mechanism of a cell and how robust processes are deregulated in cancers. (concordia.ca)

WASHINGTON - A new study by Georgetown University Medical Center researchers reveals how a well-known tumor suppressor gene may be functioning to stop cancer cell growth. (georgetown.edu)
Tumor-Suppressor Networks: Cellular Mechanisms. (hhmi.org)
The authors conclude that HLJ1 expression is a novel tumor suppressor in non-small-cell lung cancer. (eurekalert.org)

Epigenetic and RNA-mediated mechanisms. (lu.se)

Specifically, we focused on understanding the disease mechanisms and studied two of the most common chromosomal translocations, or genetic mutations, that lead to pediatric leukemia. (lu.se)

Bacterial cell division happens through binary fission or sometimes through budding. (wikipedia.org)

Shot loss in vivo leads increases in apoptosis, in line with previous findings linking mitotic regulators to cell death. (unm.edu)
The findings demonstrate an unanticipated capping-based regulatory mechanism for FtsZ. (nih.gov)
The authors write, "These findings may identify a subgroup of non-small-cell lung cancer patients who may benefit from adjuvant therapy and facilitate the design of individualized therapies for lung cancer. (eurekalert.org)

Dr. Cayetano González, Group Leader - Cell Division Laboratory- IRB Barcelona - Cancer Science Programme. (irbbarcelona.org)
Scientists working in basic, translational, and clinical cancer metabolism research are invited to join the Academy in New York on April 17th to discuss the intersection between cell signaling and metabolism. (nyas.org)
When a person has cancer, malignant cells take over the machinery controlling that division and cause them to continue to split when they shouldn't. (concordia.ca)
The dream is to develop an anti-cancer drug that targets and stops unregulated cell division caused by cancer cells. (concordia.ca)
However, cancer cells hijack the machinery controlling division. (concordia.ca)
The drug we are developing stops cancer cells from continuing to divide and arrests cells in metaphase. (concordia.ca)
The mechanism it targets appears to be selective to highly progressive cancer cells. (concordia.ca)
We need to screen our drugs against many cancer cell lines and do multiple types of characterization to help us narrow down which cells our drug is most effective against. (concordia.ca)
Two prestigious research institutes, Baylor Scott and White Health and the Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), announced today a new research study aimed at analyzing cancer resistance mechanisms using several multiomics technologies, in collaboration with Israeli startup OncoHost . (forbes.com)
OncoHost has developed a precision oncology platform , a plasma-based, proprietary proteomic analysis tool that guides decision-making in the choice of first-line treatment in cancer patients, analyzes resistance mechanisms, and suggests potential treatment combinations to overcome this resistance. (forbes.com)
The new, multi-year study will utilize Baylor Scott and White's Texas Immuno-Oncology Biorepository (TIOB)-which collects, catalogs and stores samples of biological material for cancer research-to analyze resistance mechanisms in cancer using multiomics tools including proteomics, single cell analysis, Ct-DNA, and microbiome analysis combined with bioinformatics and machine learning tools. (forbes.com)
Research suggests that impairment of the process that delays cell division until the correct time underlies the increased risk of cancer in MVA syndrome, although the mechanism is not completely understood. (medlineplus.gov)
The PEAK family of pseudokinases, their role in cell signalling and cancer. (edu.au)
Although it is normally inactive in most other cells in the body, telomerase is activated in cancer cells, making them "immortal. (cdc.gov)
Since the previous "transmeridian travel", or "circadian disrup- evaluation, new data have become available for tion", and standardized terms for each of the these areas and for carcinogen mechanisms, and relevant outcomes (cancer and mechanisms). (who.int)
The mechanisms of cancer cachexia are not well understood, but cachexia is correlated with elevated circulating GDF15. (medscape.com)
We make genetic and functional maps of cancer cell evolution in patients by analysing multiple tumour samples from the same patient. (lu.se)
In particular, we focus on childhood cancer where we try to unravel the genetic mechanisms leading to relapse and treatment resistance. (lu.se)
One main cause of cancer death is the emergence of treatment resistance through clonal evolution of cancer cells. (lu.se)
Execution Analyses to identify evolutionary first principles that make cancer cells grow, spread, and survive microenvironmental challenges. (lu.se)

Here we show that loss of function of Physcomitrella patens PpTON1 strongly affects development of the moss gametophore, phenocopying the developmental syndrome observed in Arabidopsis ton1 mutants: mutant leafy shoots display random orientation of cell division and severe defects in cell elongation, which are correlated with absence of PPB formation and disorganization of the cortical microtubule array in interphase cells. (silverchair.com)
It shows two dividing cells surrounded by interphase cells. (concordia.ca)

Live cell imaging experiments show defects in cell division timing under Shot KD conditions, implicating involvement of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). (unm.edu)

In 1970 he began to study cultured mammalian cells, particularly certain aspects of their genetic properties. (nobelprize.org)

All cell divisions, regardless of organism, are preceded by a single round of DNA replication. (wikipedia.org)
Before cells divide, their DNA must be precisely copied in a process called replication. (sciencedaily.com)
The same mechanism may also explain how DNA replication begins, Enemark said. (sciencedaily.com)
This twisting inhibits further unwinding of the DNA, stalling vital cell processes such as DNA replication. (jove.com)
Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. (jove.com)

The cells' apical pole is shown in green and their nuclei in red. (pasteur.fr)
Nuclei in each cell were also counted. (cdc.gov)

Cells have surveillance mechanisms and check points that govern cell division," she said. (georgetown.edu)

Epithelia are layers of cells that cover the surface of our bodies and internal organs. (pasteur.fr)
Do regenerative programs of different organs rely on conserved mechanisms? (unifr.ch)
p class=\'abstract\'>Barrier epithelial organs face the constant challenge of sealing the interior body from the external environment while simultaneously replacing the cells that contact this environment. (stanford.edu)
The body changes with aging because changes occur in individual cells and in whole organs. (msdmanuals.com)
How well organs function depends on how well the cells within them function. (msdmanuals.com)
Also, in some organs, cells die and are not replaced, so the number of cells decreases. (msdmanuals.com)
However, not all organs lose a large number of cells. (msdmanuals.com)

They were then able to confidently measure its activity and resulting telomere length and found that asexual worms dramatically increase the activity of this gene when they regenerate, allowing stem cells to maintain their telomeres as they divide to replace missing tissues. (sciencedaily.com)
Telomeres also protect a chromosome's DNA sequence as it is being copied during cell division. (cdc.gov)
Over time, telomeres become so short that cell division stops and the cell dies. (cdc.gov)
Eventually, the telomeres become so short that the cell can no longer divide. (msdmanuals.com)

and (5) for the first time in the Jasper's series describes the current efforts to translate the discoveries in epilepsy disease mechanisms into new therapeutic strategies. (nih.gov)

We are interested in the study of the underlying molecular mechanisms of higher organisms that ensure the proper segregation of the genetic material upon cell division. (brookes.ac.uk)
Further-more, how is DNA segregation carried out in the absence of cell elongation? (asmblog.org)
Short axis cell-division (and nucleoid segregation? (asmblog.org)

The platform also identifies and highlights personalized drug combinations to mitigate active resistance mechanisms to overcome treatment resistance. (forbes.com)

If the damage is not repaired on time, the activation of p53 results in programmed cell death known as apoptosis. (scienceblog.com)
This programmed death, called apoptosis, is a kind of cell suicide. (msdmanuals.com)
Our previous results indicated that BAG-1 large (BAG-1L) overexpression significantly increases cell viability and decreases apoptosis by upregulating HSP70 and p-AKT in response to hypoxia/reoxygenation in SY-SH5Y cells. (bvsalud.org)

Furthermore, we identified that chromatin modification is critical for redifferentiation of blastema cells. (unifr.ch)

Life depends on double-stranded DNA unwinding and separating into single strands that can be copied for cell division. (sciencedaily.com)

This mechanism is thought to restrict the lifespan of cells to a limited number of divisions, making telomere length a measure of aging at the cellular level. (cdc.gov)

But, basic questions remain largely unanswered: How do stem cells sense different levels of functional demand? (stanford.edu)

Here we investigate the mechanism by which the Bacillus subtilis cell-division inhibitor, MciZ (mother cell inhibitor of FtsZ), blocks assembly of FtsZ. (nih.gov)
Despite its central role in cell division, little is known about how FtsZ carries out these tasks. (umich.edu)
Such structural transition is demonstrated to derive a significant amount of mechanical force that is sufficient for cell division, thereby providing a molecular explanation for the role of FtsZ as a force generator. (umich.edu)
The common picture of a dividing rod-shaped bacterium encompasses the positioning of the di-visome, including an FtsZ-ring, in the cell center. (asmblog.org)

When a cell stops dividing, it is called senescence. (msdmanuals.com)

However, the mechanisms of muscle regeneration are not yet fully understood. (elifesciences.org)
Which biological mechanisms guide the mature cells through the regeneration process? (unifr.ch)
We are currently investigating which adhesion mechanisms organize the different cells types during fin regeneration. (unifr.ch)

Cell division usually occurs as part of a larger cell cycle in which the cell grows and replicates its chromosome(s) before dividing. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike embryonic growth, adult organ remodeling is reversible and repeatable, suggesting that it occurs through different mechanisms. (stanford.edu)
This occurs after the cell has doubled its length without increasing its diameter. (asmblog.org)

Mechanisms of Genomic Stability and Immune System. (hhmi.org)

The research interests of his group involve the structure-function analysis of macromolecular machines, involved in cell division, genome maintenance and their connection with molecular scissors that initiate genome editing. (irbbarcelona.org)
It is a moment in which the cell automatically breaks DNA all along its genome. (scienceblog.com)

Allostery is a fundamental property in the mechanism of these RNA-guided nucleases, which regulates the precise generation of the DSB that initiates editing. (irbbarcelona.org)
Our goal is to understand how this nutrient-driven mechanism regulates stem cell behavior for lifelong optimization of organ form and function. (stanford.edu)

Anatomy51

Organisms23

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs81

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes85

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science5

Health Care2

Time a cell divides3

Cytokinesis3

Mitosis14

Regulate6

Biology8

Bacteria9

Genetics2

Cell's4

Understand the mechanisms2

Protein16

Eukaryotic cell division2

Meiosis6

Genes3

Proliferation3

Membrane4

Gene expression3

Initiation3

Uncontrollable cell2

Proteins8

Synthesis3

Multicellular organisms2

Chromosomes14

Elucidate1

Skeletal muscle3

Tissue6

Cancers2

Tumor3

Epigenetic1

Chromosomal1

Bacterial cell division1

Findings3

Cancer20

Interphase cells2

Defects in cell1

Mammalian cells1

Replication5

Nuclei2

Govern1

Organs7

Telomeres4

Disease mechanisms1

Segregation3

Mitigate1

Apoptosis3

Chromatin1

Strands1

Cellular1

Remain largely1

FtsZ4

Stops1

Regeneration3

Occurs3

Immune System1

Genome2

Regulates2