Measurements of nitrous oxide emissions. Medical search. Frequent questions

This study presents ground-based remote sensing approaches to make greenhouse gas (GHG) flux measurements of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from a waste incineration chimney at distances of 150-200 m. (diva-portal.org)
The prevalence of such underestimated CH4 sources may necessitate additional reductions in anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions to keep global warming below a threshold of 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. (bas.ac.uk)
quantifying and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, reducing the risk of transfers of pollutants to watercourses, and understanding the secondary impacts of mitigating diffuse agricultural pollution. (bangor.ac.uk)
Measurement of greenhouse gas emissions and carbon accounting. (edu.au)
I have over 27 years of international lecturing, consulting and research experience in greenhouse gas measurements, hydrogeology, geology, and geostatistics. (edu.au)
In the Greenhouse Gas Measurement laboratory we can analyse the isotopic composition of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide gases. (edu.au)
Agricultural Research Service (ARS) scientists are testing out alternative ways of managing the soil and rotating crops to see if they can help wheat farmers in Oregon sequester more carbon in the soil and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. (no-tillfarmer.com)
She is measuring residue yields, soil conditions and greenhouse gas emissions, taking measurements throughout the year. (no-tillfarmer.com)
The aim is to reduce emissions of this potent greenhouse gas by gaining a better understanding of the processes taking place in the soil. (myscience.ch)
However, as nitrous oxide contributes to the greenhouse gas effect, it has attracted increasing atention since 2012 following the revision of the CO 2 Act. (lonza.com)
While not a risk to health, nitrous oxide is a greenhouse gas. (lonza.com)
The Maine Legislature has enacted laws to reduce the state's greenhouse-gas emissions by 45% by 2030 and 80% by 2050, and transitioning Maine's electricity use to 80% renewable energy by 2030. (publicnewsservice.org)
The legislation, supported by Sen. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va., and signed into law by President Joe Biden, provides billions of dollars in funding over the next decade toward reducing the nation's greenhouse gas emissions. (publicnewsservice.org)
Fertilizing crops in the U.S. Corn Belt emits a potent greenhouse gas, and a new University of Minnesota study shows officials have been underestimating those emissions by as much as 40 percent. (mprnews.org)
The study , published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, looked at nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas about 300 times more potent than carbon dioxide and 12 times more potent than methane. (mprnews.org)
Previous estimates show nitrous oxide contributes to roughly 6 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, he said. (mprnews.org)
With the increasing number of biogas plants in Germany the necessity for an exact determination of the actual effect on the greenhouse gas emissions related to the energy production gains importance. (iwaponline.com)
The National Sustainable Agriculture Coalition (NSAC) applauds USDA's commitment of funds to improve the tracking and analysis of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. (sustainableagriculture.net)
As the agency increasingly focuses on implementing incentive-based support for reducing agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, effective measurement becomes ever more vital. (sustainableagriculture.net)
Our understanding of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture has developed substantially over the past decades, but remains inadequate for fully understanding the best paths toward greenhouse gas reductions in agriculture. (sustainableagriculture.net)
The $300 million USDA is investing in developing measurement systems will be key to expanding our understanding of how crop and livestock systems can best be improved to reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions to far below their current levels, and perhaps even to make agriculture a system with potential for net greenhouse gas sequestration. (sustainableagriculture.net)
Measurements of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from peatlands have started on all the project sites, in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Germany. (life-peat-restore.eu)
Environment 56 11.1 Environmental Management Systems 58 11.2 Operating Expenses for Environmental Protection Systems 59 11.3 Environmental Investments 60 11.4 Air Emissions 61 11.4.1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions 62 11.4.2 SO2 Emissions 63 11.4.3 NOX Emissions 64 11.4.4 Captured Dust Emissions 65 11.4.5 Organic Air Pollutants 66 11.5 Water Management 67 11.6 Waste and Recycling Management 68 11.7 Energy 70 11.8 Biodiversity 71 12. (slideshare.net)
We need to understand the processes that determine these effects, in order to improve the sustainability of agriculture, preserve carbon stocks, control the eutrophication of terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, and reduce nutrient delivery to the sea and greenhouse gas emissions. (ukri.org)
Measurements of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O)) in cities have been rare. (confex.com)
Countries face huge technical challenge in the accurate measurement of greenhouse gas emissions. (cifor.org)
While these forgotten gases account for only a small fraction of total greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation, nitrous oxide is up to 300 times more effective at trapping heat in the atmosphere when compared to carbon dioxide over a 100-year time period. (cifor.org)
Forest degradation and conversion are responsible for around 12 percent of overall greenhouse gas emissions - the majority of which is carbon dioxide released from forest fires and deforestation. (cifor.org)
One of the goals of the four-year study is helping developing countries to develop robust monitoring, reporting and verifying (MRV ) systems in order to accurately measure their effectiveness in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. (cifor.org)
In Indonesia, 60 percent of national greenhouse gas emissions come from land-use change, in part, fuelled by the growing demand for palm oil and agricultural crops. (cifor.org)
Further research is also needed to understand how climate change mitigation activities might be contributing to greenhouse gas emissions, especially when considering biofuel production. (cifor.org)
This study assessed historical changes in emissions of nitrous oxide (N 2 O), a potent greenhouse gas and stratospheric ozone-depleting substance, from the soils of East Asia to the atmosphere. (springeropen.com)
Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a greenhouse gas (GHG) which is released from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) during nitrogen removal. (unisense-environment.com)

N2O fluxes have also been continuously measured using a tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer at the Cork grassland continuously since July 2002, and two years of closed chamber measurements of CH4 have been made at the Kerry peatland. (ucc.ie)
In this work, we use the first airborne measurements of CH4 sampled over three wetland areas in Zambia to derive emission fluxes. (bas.ac.uk)
The former landfill site showed seasonal patterns in N 2 O stem emissions and decreasing N 2 O fluxes with increased stem sampling position above the forest floor. (open.ac.uk)
Tree stem emissions accounted for 1% of the total landfill N 2 O surface flux, which is lower than the contribution of stem fluxes to the total surface flux in dry and flooded boreal forests. (open.ac.uk)
This paper reports measurements of land-atmosphere fluxes of sensible and latent heat, momentum, CO2, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), NO, NO2, N2O and O3 over a 30 m high rainforest canopy and a 12 m high oil palm plantation in the same region of Sabah in Borneo between April and July 2008. (lancs.ac.uk)
Here we measure net ecosystem exchanges of carbon dioxide, methane and soil nitrous oxide fluxes between October 2016 and May 2022 from Acacia crassicarpa plantation, degraded forest and intact forest within the same peat landscape, representing land-cover-change trajectories in Sumatra, Indonesia. (nature.com)
From a climate-forcing perspective, the effects of a land-use change on the atmospheric GHG concentrations (that is, the extra GHG fluxes that the atmosphere will see because of current land use) will be determined by the change in emissions relative to those occurring before the land-use change 17 , 31 . (nature.com)
Fluxes of nitrous oxide (N2 O) and nitric oxide (NO) from agricultural soils show high spatial and temporal variations. (ifdc.org)
Therefore, automated continuous measurement, which includes all the temporal variations, gives a real estimate of GHG fluxes, particularly for N2 O and NO. This manual deals with automated continuous measurement system designed by International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC) to measure N2 O and NO emissions. (ifdc.org)

The specific determination of the isotopes allows conclusions to be drawn about the formation processes of N 2 O. "Isotope measurements can also be used to estimate the extent, to which the harmful nitrous oxide in the soil is degraded to harmless nitrogen. (myscience.ch)
Nitrous oxide (N2O) or laughing gas consists of two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. (myscience.ch)
Nitrous oxide (N 2 O), which is more commonly known as laughing gas, is a colourless gas and is an oxide of nitrogen used in medicine as an anesthetic. (lonza.com)
Agriculture produces food, fiber and biofuels for the world's growing population, however, agriculture can be a major contributor of nitrogen (N) losses including emissions of ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrate (NO3-) leaching and runoff. (researchgate.net)
There is also a risk for increased nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions and nitrogen leaching to the ground water because of increased nitrogen availability. (lu.se)
Global warming is impacted by atmospheric ammonia and nitrogen oxides, both from animal waste and fertilizers. (publicnewsservice.org)
Deforestation itself is not a major contributor to nitrogen and methane gas emissions, however conversion to make way for crops and livestock (an average cow is thought to emit 600 litres of methane per day through belching and exhalation), and the use of nitrogen-based fertilisers to boost agricultural yields is increasing atmospheric levels of these two gases. (cifor.org)
When fertiliser is added it stimulates microbes in the soil that convert nitrogen to nitrous oxide" explains Hergoualc'h. (cifor.org)
At Newcastle University's Cockle Park Farm near Morpeth, north-east England (clay loam topsoil texture), direct nitrous oxide (N2O) and ammonia (NH3) emissions were measured from replicated (x3) plots (24 x 13 m), following spring applications of manufactured nitrogen (N) fertilisers to winter barley. (environmentdata.org)
A process-based terrestrial ecosystem model (VISIT) was used to simulate the nitrogen cycle and associated N 2 O emissions as a function of climate, land use, atmospheric deposition, and agricultural inputs from 1901 to 2016. (springeropen.com)
The simulated N 2 O emissions showed a clear seasonal cycle and interannual variability, primarily in response to meteorological conditions and nitrogen inputs. (springeropen.com)
The average N 2 O emission factor (emission per unit nitrogen input) was estimated to be 1.38%, a value comparable to previous estimates. (springeropen.com)
First, N 2 O emissions are intimately linked with the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen (N), which has been greatly impacted by anthropogenic effects that include fertilizer use and industrial activities that lead to atmospheric deposition of reactive nitrogen (e.g. (springeropen.com)
They estimate an emission of 20.5-554 g N 2 O/(m 3 ∙year), corresponding to 0.1%-0.8% of the oxidized ammonia released as N 2 O-N. Studies are limited, but Søvik and Kløve (2007) and references therein report that 0.004-8% of the nitrogen load was released as N 2 O-N. Wang et al. (unisense-environment.com)
The use of nitrification inhibitors has become increasingly common on dairy farms in NZ since 2004, ostensibly to reduce nitrogen (N) loss from nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide emissions. (lincoln.ac.nz)
As a consequence, dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen increased in soil solution after the first FT event, while a substantial part of the liberated nitrogen was likely lost through gaseous emissions. (springer.com)

Important potential adsorption sites for P in soils are surfaces of iron and aluminum oxides or hydroxides such as gibbsite or ferrihydrite. (wikipedia.org)
Measurement and modeling of soil respiration in arable and pasture soils. (theconversation.com)
The long-term goal is to reduce nitrous oxide emissions from natural and agricultural soils. (myscience.ch)
In addition, boreal forest soils normally take up methane (CH 4 ) from the atmosphere and there is a risk that this uptake of CH 4 is reduced or even turned into an emission following a severe disturbance. (lu.se)
Emissions of nitrous oxide were larger from the soils of the oil palm plantation than from the soils of the rainforest by approximately 25 per cent. (lancs.ac.uk)
Peatlands and mangroves are well known for their huge carbon-storing potential - mangrove soils alone store up to 4 times more carbon than trees - however, less is known about methane and nitrous oxide emissions, which may be important for their global warming potential, warns Hergoualc'h. (cifor.org)
The accurate monitoring and reporting of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases is essential for countries participating in climate mitigation schemes, such as reduced emissions from deforestation and degradation ( REDD+) - a scheme that pays developing countries for the carbon stored in trees and soils. (cifor.org)
Recently, more mechanistic models have been developed and used to evaluate global N 2 O emissions from soils, the largest source to the atmosphere (Tian et al. (springeropen.com)

In one field, she is comparing levels of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide emissions released from the traditional 2-year rotation with an alternative 3-year cycle of no-till winter wheat, followed by a second crop of no-till winter wheat, followed by sorghum. (no-tillfarmer.com)

Indicators: (Bottom panel) Global anthropogenic CO2 emissions from forestry and other land use as well as from the burning of fossil fuel, cement production, and flaring. (noaa.gov)
Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is one of the long-lived anthropogenic greenhouse gases, which are attracting particular attention in the context of mitigating global warming. (springeropen.com)
Agriculture is one of the major sources of greenhouse gases (GHG) which accounts for 10-12% of total anthropogenic GHG emissions. (ifdc.org)
BECC focuses on three Grand Challenges that must be tackled to assess the combined consequences of anthropogenic emissions, climate and land-use change on biodiversity and ecosystem services and provide a basis for informed societal responses, with a focus on critical changes in forest, agricultural, urban and arctic ecosystems, including interactions between terrestrial and aquatic systems. (lu.se)

Since 2018 I have been affiliated with the United National Environment Programme Methane Science Studies team, which completed the world's first airborne measurements of greenhouse gases from coal seam gas fields. (edu.au)
Nitrous oxide (N 2 O, also known as laughing gas) is one of the most important greenhouse gases. (myscience.ch)
However, the physical properties of nitrous oxide mean that it has significant global warming potential: it accounts for 6% of all greenhouse gases. (lonza.com)
Our own measurements also indicate significant emissions of the powerful greenhouse gases methane and nitrous oxide from clear-cuts. (lu.se)
It is clear from the measurements that the large change in the species composition generated by replacing rainforest with oil palm leads to profound changes in the net exchange of most of the trace gases measured, and thus on the chemical composition of the boundary layer over these surfaces. (lancs.ac.uk)
The role of grassland ecosystems as net sinks or sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is limited by a paucity of information regarding management impacts on the ﬂux of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4). (issuu.com)
The major component of human activity that contributes to climate change is historical and continued emission of long-lived greenhouse gases. (noaa.gov)
These gases comprise carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O). Since the beginning of the post-industrial era in 1750, atmospheric concentrations of these gases have increased substantially because of human activities. (noaa.gov)
Top panel) Atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2, green), methane (CH4, orange) and nitrous oxide (N2O, red) determined from ice core data (dots) and from direct atmospheric measurements (lines). (noaa.gov)
BOGOR, Indonesia (5 October, 2012)_Policy makers seeking to reduce greenhouse gases from deforestation cannot ignore the levels of nitrous oxide and methane released into the atmosphere as part of land conversion for palm oil, soya bean and other crops, scientists say. (cifor.org)
IRLAM, a new infrared gas measurement technology invented by HORIBA, utilizes HORIBA's gas measurement technologies and know-how cultivated over 65 years to realize high sensitivity, low interference and high reliability that enable real-time measurement of gases that were difficult to measure with conventional infrared gas analysis technologies. (horiba.com)
2) Highly accurate measurement of the concentration of the target gas even when various interfering gases (gases not to be measured) are included. (horiba.com)
However, information regarding N 2 O emissions from trickling filters is limited, partly caused by the difficulties in capturing off-gases. (unisense-environment.com)
Soil produces or consumes gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ammonia, and oxygen through normal biological and geological processes. (warf.org)
Planet Alpha Corp. ("PαC") is a carbon measurement infrastructure, carbon pricing and carbon products company integrating multiple Earth, economic and social transactions to reduce emissions of CO 2 and greenhouse gases (GHG) to benefit landowners, investors and the planet. (planetalphaforest.earth)
PαC deploys patented carbon measurement analyzers, observation networks, software and telecommunications to monitor CO 2 levels, and other greenhouse gases, 24/7, over project areas. (planetalphaforest.earth)
In Sammaltunturi, ICOS measures cover most important greenhouse gases including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrous oxide (N2O), which are contributing to the increase in the global temperature of the Earth. (lu.se)
The FTIR analyzer simultaneously collected real-time data for multiple gases, including sevoflurane, isoflurane, and nitrous oxide. (cdc.gov)

Three independent approaches to flux quantification from airborne measurements were used: airborne mass balance, airborne eddy-covariance, and an atmospheric inversion. (bas.ac.uk)
The Picarro G2308 gas concentration analyzer provides simultaneous, precise measurement of nitrous oxide (N 2 O), methane (CH 4 ) at parts-per-billion (ppb), and water (H 2 O) vapor at parts-per-million (ppm) sensitivity with negligible drift for agriculture soil science, ecology, and emissions quantification. (picarro.com)

1998. Ammonia: Emission, atmospheric transport and deposition. (cdc.gov)

Field measurements of the dissociation of ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride aerosols. (cdc.gov)

Nitrous oxide has stratospheric ozone-depleting potential due to its photochemical decomposition into reactive nitric oxide radicals. (lonza.com)

For this particular plant, local knowledge is high and emission estimates at corresponding levels have been reported previously. (diva-portal.org)
Nitrous oxide gas is emitted from rivers and streams that receive agricultural runoff, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates that 75 percent of the country's nitrous oxide emissions come from agricultural soil management. (mprnews.org)
Researchers compared measurements of nitrous oxide across Minnesota and found nitrous oxide emissions from rivers are nine times greater than estimates used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the United Nations organization that's been tackling the problem. (mprnews.org)
Bird age, or co-linear factors such as size, amount of deposition, and management, is a significant factor for the increase in litter gas flux during the winter and should be considered in comprehensive models for emission estimates. (usda.gov)
Factors evaluated for their contribution to GWP included (i) CO2 emissions associated with N fertilizer production and application, (ii) literature-derived estimates of CH4 production for enteric fermentation, (iii) change in soil organic carbon (SOC) over 44 yr using archived soil samples, and (iv) soil-atmosphere N2O and CH4 ﬂuxes over 3 yr using static chamber methodology. (issuu.com)
2005). Inherent challenges associated with upscaling N2O emissions from grazed lands are reﬂected by global estimates, which range from 16 to 33% of total agricultural N2O emissions (Clark et al. (issuu.com)
Our results can help to reduce the uncertainty in GHG emissions estimates, provide an estimate of the impact of land-use change on tropical peat and develop science-based peatland management practices as nature-based climate solutions. (nature.com)
Corrigendum to "Global and regional emission estimates for HCFC-22", Atmos. (mit.edu)

Reduction in enteric methane (CH4) emissions from cattle can be achieved through use of feed additives, which often results in increased emission of hydrogen (H2). (bvsalud.org)

Therefore, it is important to understand the N 2 O emission triggers in order to implement mitigation controls through changes of process parameters. (unisense-environment.com)
The extrapolation of the emissions measured over wide interval of time over a season or a year that may either over- or under-estimate total emissions, is not desirable particularly for GHG emissions mitigation research. (ifdc.org)

But little research has yet been done into the exact processes that take place in the soil," says Empa emissions and isotope researcher Joachim Mohn. (myscience.ch)
You can see exactly what isotope composition the emitted nitrous oxide has. (myscience.ch)
Empa and other research institutions are currently investigating which biochemical process in a bacterium prefers to form which nitrous oxide isotope," says Mohn (see box). (myscience.ch)
Based on these findings, Empa researchers, together with scientists from ETH Zurich and the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), carried out more than 600 laser spectrometer measurements over several months in Bavaria over grassland and thus analysed the isotope composition of the emitted N 2 O. (myscience.ch)
If we also determine the isotope signature, then we know immediately whether the model correctly predicts the processes by which nitrous oxide is produced. (myscience.ch)

Recent reports indicate that, in the U.S., nearly 78% of fossil fuel emissions occur in urban areas along with 60% of residential water use. (confex.com)

A Novel Approach to Estimating Nitrous Oxide Emissions during Wetting Events from Single-Timepoint Flux Measurements. (nih.gov)
Instantaneous flux measurements were estimated from the differences in time zero and one-minute concentrations using the ideal gas law. (usda.gov)

As part of the LIFE Peat Restore project, NABU starts GHG measurements in degraded peatlands Berlin, April 25, 2018 - Degraded peatlands globally emit a significant amount of nitrous oxide: The negative effect on climate change is thus worse than anticipated. (life-peat-restore.eu)

a procedure that instead increases N2O emissions (which is approximately 300 times more potent as a GHG than CO2 on a 100-year time scale). (diva-portal.org)

Our measurements show that most of the variance of N2 O mixing ratios in the troposphere is driven by the influence of N2 O-depleted stratospheric air, especially at mid- and high latitudes. (nasa.gov)

This research gap was addressed by an investigation quantifying stem and soil N 2 O emissions from a closed UK landfill and a comparable natural site. (open.ac.uk)
Hashimoto ( 2012 ) has used an empirical model to estimate mean global soil N 2 O emissions of 4.4 Tg N year −1 . (springeropen.com)

Effects of cover crops on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in cereal cropping. (slu.se)

2016). The N 2 O Wastewater Sensor can be implemented for gas phase analysis in a hood as well as for liquid monitoring of the effluent to quantify the emissions from trickling filters (see Fig. 1). (unisense-environment.com)
2016. Assessment of online monitoring strategies for measuring N 2 O emissions from full-scale wastewater treatment systems. (unisense-environment.com)

Because we're going to be reducing the carbon emissions, we're going to see less black lung, we're going to see healthy -- healthy, happier -- families in our communities," Carter asserted. (publicnewsservice.org)
Princeton University's Zero Lab projected the legislation will slash carbon emissions by 40% by 2030 , putting the nation more in line with Paris Climate Agreement goals. (publicnewsservice.org)
The week of action also builds support for the Agriculture Resilience Act (ARA), a comprehensive set of policy changes that would steer agriculture in the US towards net-zero carbon emissions by 2040 and serves as an important roadmap for how the next farm bill can effectively address climate change. (sustainableagriculture.net)
Similarly CIFOR research suggests that the rewetting of drained peat - a measure to prevent carbon emissions released from forest fires and peat degradation- could increase levels of methane from the soil. (cifor.org)

We have seen that logging seems to lead to the ecosystem going from methane uptake to large methane emissions. (lu.se)
Within a grassland ecosystem, emission of N2O tends to be highly variable in space and time (Mosier et al. (issuu.com)

Conversion of cultivated land to permanent grassland would result in the greatest reduction in N2O emissions, particularly in eastern Canada wherethe mod. (researchgate.net)
We do good by directly supporting landowners for their reduction of CO 2 emissions through forest growth and management resulting in a performance-linked GHG economy positioned for business growth and return on investment. (planetalphaforest.earth)
Measurements of forest carbon sequestration and GHG emission reduction can occur actively by forest growth or by avoidance mechanisms. (planetalphaforest.earth)

Much of the uncertainty associated with total AFOLU emissions is caused by uncertainty in measurements of carbon stocks associated with deforestation and rates of tropical forest cover change. (nationalacademies.org)
For example, if the annually deforested area in a country decreases by a factor of 2, then, all else equal, CO 2 emissions from deforestation have also decreased by a factor of 2 (van der Werf et al. (nationalacademies.org)
This chapter first describes remote sensing methods that are able to estimate the activities responsible for the majority of AFOLU emissions (e.g., deforestation) and removals by sinks. (nationalacademies.org)

I primarily focus on the application mechanistic models to conduct assessments of GHG emissions from various agricultural practices along with evaluating the long-term sustainability of crop production and soil health under present and future climate variability/change. (researchgate.net)
Climate Protection 30 6.1 The Political Framework 30 6.2 EU Emissions Trading 31 6.3 Decarbonization: voestalpine's Options and Projects 32 6.4 Technology Scenarios 33 7. (slideshare.net)

However, emissions of CH(4 )are often not included in GHG emission inventories for waste incineration. (diva-portal.org)

Researchers around the world are looking for ways to reduce N 2 O emissions. (myscience.ch)
Regarding the potential of measures to reduce emissions it is highly recommended to focus on the digestate storage and the exhaust of the co-generation. (iwaponline.com)
We need to find ways to reduce these emissions caused by fertilisation without reducing the productivity of the system," she added. (cifor.org)

At the same time, fertilisers used to boost yields of palm oil plants in converted landscapes, such as Sumatra , are causing significant nitrous oxide emissions. (cifor.org)

It is well known that more nitrous oxide escapes from the soil after fertilisation or rainfall, for example. (myscience.ch)

The vehicle exhibited good emissions performance for regulated pollutants and were below Euro 6 standards, with the exception of the cold-start test. (theicct.org)

The level of nitrous oxide (N2O) in the Earth's atmosphere is increasing at a rate of 0.2 to 0.3% annually. (wikipedia.org)

On average, cropping systems with legumes reduced nitrous oxide emissions by 18 and 33% and N fertilizer use by 24 and 38% in arable and forage systems, respectively, compared to systems without legumes. (frontiersin.org)
A sensitivity analysis suggested that the increase of N 2 O emissions was primarily attributable to the increase of agricultural inputs from fertilizer and manure. (springeropen.com)

Tropical wetlands are thought to account for ∼20% of global CH4 emissions, but African tropical wetlands are understudied and their contribution is uncertain. (bas.ac.uk)
Peter Turner, a PhD candidate at the university and one of the study's authors, said the findings are 'an important step forward for understanding the global nitrous oxide budget. (mprnews.org)
Syakila and Kroeze ( 2010 ) analyzed the global N 2 O budget from 1500 to 2006 and estimated the global agricultural and natural soil emissions in 2000 to be 4.9 and 6-7 Tg N year −1 , respectively. (springeropen.com)
2012 ) used the DyN-LPJ model to simulate the global terrestrial N cycle and estimated total N 2 O emissions in the twentieth century of 8.2-9.5 Tg N year −1 . (springeropen.com)
Comment on "Global OH trend inferred from methylchloroform measurements" by Maarten Krol et al. (mit.edu)

Measurements were made by using flux chambers and gas chromatography over a four-month period. (open.ac.uk)
Following N fertiliser application, measurements of direct N2O-N were made over c.12 months, using 5 static chambers (0.8 m2 total surface area) per plot and analysed by gas chromatography. (environmentdata.org)

Because precipitation usually increases nitrous oxide emissions, she also collects data after any rain or snowfall. (no-tillfarmer.com)

This will use a variety of data, and atmospheric physics, to describe N deposition at 5 km2 resolution for the UK from 1800 to the present, and take into account emissions from industry and agriculture. (ukri.org)

Thanks to a newly developed laser spectrometer, Empa researchers can for the first time show which processes in grassland lead to nitrous oxide emissions. (myscience.ch)
Thanks to our new device, we can now carry out highly precise measurements in the field and compare the results, for example from grassland, with those from the lab. (myscience.ch)
1998). Across grassland ecosystems, diﬀerences in N2O emission appear to be driven by soil water status, N mineralization, and plant community dynamics (Mosier et al. (issuu.com)

Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions have been observed from tree stems in natural ecosystems but have not yet been measured in the context of forested former landfill sites. (open.ac.uk)

Protocols based on sparse measurement campaigns (e.g., every 6 years) and estimation are subject to invalidation by direct measurement. (planetalphaforest.earth)

Uncertainty in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emitted by AFOLU activities is typically 50-100 percent or more. (nationalacademies.org)

If solid particles in the unregulated size range had been accounted for, the total emissions of solid PN would have been up to 114% higher. (theicct.org)
Total VOC emissions are also larger over the oil palm than over the rainforest by a factor of 3. (lancs.ac.uk)

Cumulative emissions of CO2 from these sources and their uncertainties are shown as bars and whiskers, respectively, on the right hand side. (noaa.gov)
The N2O emission factors are calculated using annual cumulative N2O values to 15 decimal places, however the annual cumulative N2O and emission factor values have been reported to 2 decimal places. (environmentdata.org)

Denitrification-Decomposition) and DayCent, were investigated for their ability to capture the inter-annual variability in spring wheat grain yields, soil carbon change, and trace gas emissions for three long-term experiments conducted on the Canadian prairies. (researchgate.net)

A UW-Madison researcher has developed a method for predicting subsurface mechanical properties using distributed strain measurements obtained from applied perturbations. (warf.org)

An alternative approach would be to conduct a series of measurements with the boiler in maintenance mode, with the assistance of the boiler engineer, allowing a series of forced step changes in operation. (gov.scot)
In 2003, the National Research Council recommended a process-based, mass balance approach to estimate emissions. (usda.gov)
Our approach is differentiated from existing forest carbon protocols that require multiple payments by the landowner for carbon credit services that are based on carbon accounting emission factors in lieu of direct high frequency measurement of CO 2 flux conducted across the project site. (planetalphaforest.earth)
The DMFCP differentiates our approach from traditional forest carbon protocols that do not employ direct measurement of CO 2 . (planetalphaforest.earth)

The spatial pattern of the simulated N 2 O emissions revealed hot spots in agricultural areas of China, South Korea, and Japan. (springeropen.com)

All CO2 and N2O gas concentration measurements are made at 10 Hz. (ucc.ie)
The WAG concentration measurements collected were area samples and not exposure concentrations measured from workers' breathing zones, however comparison of the observed results with occupational exposure limits can provide some context. (cdc.gov)

Values for GWP and GHG intensity, however, indicated net reductions in GHG emissions can be most eﬀectively achieved through moderate stocking rates on native vegetation in the NGP. (issuu.com)

CH4 emissions of 7-11 t yr(-1) was also detected from the studied chimney despite the usage of a high incineration temperature. (diva-portal.org)
Emissions of isoprene from the oil palm canopy represented 80 per cent of the VOC emissions and exceeded those over the rainforest in similar light and temperature conditions by on average a factor of 5. (lancs.ac.uk)
2014) who investigated the effect of temperature on N 2 O emission from a trickling filter treating domestic wastewater. (unisense-environment.com)
2014. Impact of temperature on nitrous oxide emission in a tricking filter. (unisense-environment.com)

Empa researchers have, therefore, developed a laser spectrometer, which enables extremely precise field measurements. (myscience.ch)

On d 2, 22, and 45, ammonia, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide concentrations were measured using a photoacoustic multigas analyzer and flux boxes. (usda.gov)
Measurements in a patient's breathing zone are expected to give higher values of WAG concentrations. (cdc.gov)

This retrieval strategy improved the precision of our ATom QCLS N2 O measurements by a factor of three (based on the standard deviation of calibration measurements). (nasa.gov)

Chemicals and Drugs18

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment6

Phenomena and Processes4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Health Care1

Greenhouse gas33

Fluxes9

Nitrogen16

Soils8

Methane and nitrous oxide emissions1

Anthropogenic4

Gases18

Quantification2

Ammonia emission1

Nitrate1

Nitric oxide1

Estimates8

Enteric methane1

Mitigation2

Isotope5

Fossil fuel1

Flux measurements2

Peatlands1

Potent1

Stratospheric1

Soil N 2 O emissions2

Crops1

20162

Carbon emissions4

Ecosystem2

Reduction3

Deforestation3

Climate2

Inventories1

Reduce3

Significant1

Fertilisation1

Pollutants1

Atmosphere1

Fertilizer2

Global5

Chromatography2

Increases1

Agriculture1

Grassland3

Ecosystems1

Estimation1

Uncertainty1

Total2

Cumulative2

Variability1

Researcher1

Approach4

Spatial1

Concentration measurements2

Reductions1

Temperature4

Precise1

Concentrations2

Atom1