• If these findings are validated and confirmed, they can provide information that reduces some of the uncertainties in retrospective radiation dosimetry and radiation risk estimates (especially for low-level, chronic exposures) for activities related to medicine as well as the handling of nuclear materials and nuclear facility decommissioning, decontamination, and demilitarization. (nih.gov)
  • Radiation Dosimetry. (nih.gov)
  • For a discussion of "kerma," we can rely on William C. Roesch, editor of RERF's Volume 1 about the DS86 dosimetry ( Roes87 ). (ratical.org)
  • For the particles and quanta encountered in A-bomb dosimetry, the energy difference for photons and neutrons equals the energy they give to the charged particles they produce by interactions in the volume. (ratical.org)
  • Because of radiation exposure, premenopausal women would not subject themselves to CT scans. (medscape.com)
  • Information about the consequences of human exposure to radiation in the former Soviet Union has recently become available. (nih.gov)
  • This review was intended to serve as an initial step in determining whether sufficient information is available to make a reasonable assessment of the potential for adverse human health effects to occur as a result of infrasound exposure. (nih.gov)
  • This document briefly summarizes studies identified in the open literature relating to the biological and other effects of infrasound exposure in humans and laboratory animals. (nih.gov)
  • This literature is relevant because effects of different sound frequencies could be similar and because in environmental settings human exposure to infrasound rarely if ever occurs in the absence of exposure to other sound frequencies. (nih.gov)
  • This would require a more thorough and independent expert review to draw conclusions regarding adverse human health effects attributable to infrasound exposure. (nih.gov)
  • While these procedures have clinical benefits, they are not without risks, particularly related to radiation exposure. (netce.com)
  • In the 1990s, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) restricted its risk assessment for human exposure to radiofrequency radiation (RFR) in seven ways: (1) Inappropriate focus on heat, ignoring sub-thermal effects. (bvsalud.org)
  • Low-cost software and hardware modifications are proposed here for cellular phone RFR exposure mitigation: (1) inhibiting RFR emissions in contact with the body, (2) use of antenna patterns reducing the Percent of Power absorbed in the Head (PPHead) and body and increasing the Percent of Power Radiated for communications (PPR), and (3) automated protocol-based reductions of the number of RFR emissions, their duration, or integrated dose. (bvsalud.org)
  • In a modern set up, most of the RF radiation exposure to the user is caused by the constant data traffic of the smart phones, as the phone is updating social media applications like e-mail. (cellraid.com)
  • We are the only technology provider that can accurately provide real time measurement for RF emission and SAR exposure on commercial handset. (cellraid.com)
  • Major psychological stress independent of radiation dose has been observed in those people thought to be exposed. (nih.gov)
  • Collective radiation biodosimetry for dose reconstruction of acute accidental exposures: a review. (nih.gov)
  • Quantification of the biologically relevant dose is required to establish cause and effect between radiation detriment or burden and important biological outcomes. (nih.gov)
  • Scientists developed a smart system of applied radiation dose measurement to prevent cancer treatment errors. (baltictimes.com)
  • The overall goal and purpose of radiation safety and dose management is to conduct individual radiation risk assessment for each patient, providing the patient involved with an opportunity to give informed consent relating to their radiation risk. (netce.com)
  • Studies indicate that improved clinician education can help to limit radiation dose and associated complications. (netce.com)
  • No quantification of cancer-risk from low-dose ionizing radiation can begin, of course, without an estimate of the mean dose received by the internal organs from which the fatal cancers arise. (ratical.org)
  • RERF Technical Reports use terms whose meaning is fairly constant: Kerma, free-in-air kerma, environmental transmission-factor, shielded kerma, body-transmission/ organ-absorption factor, and internal organ-dose. (ratical.org)
  • The concept of absorbed dose deals with the energy imparted by ionizing radiation to a medium per unit of mass. (ratical.org)
  • Alpha particle ( ionizing radiation ) - two neutrons and two protons bound as a single particle (a helium nucleus) that is emitted from the nucleus of certain radioactive isotopes in the process of disintegration. (cdc.gov)
  • Beta particle ( ionizing radiation ) - a charged particle emitted from the nucleus of certain unstable atomic nuclei (radioactive isotopes), having the charge and mass of an electron. (cdc.gov)
  • Stem cell therapy may be a viable therapeutic option because intestinal stem cells are highly vulnerable to ionizing radiation (IR) and stem cell loss explains its intractability to general treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The WHO expert agency for research on cancer, IARC, has classified both low-frequency magnetic fields ( 8 ) and radiofrequency (RF) fields ( 9 ) as possibly carcinogenic to humans, class IIB. (frontiersin.org)
  • Despite increasing evidence of serious negative effects from radiofrequency radiation on human health and the environment, the EU has not acknowledged that there are any risks. (bvsalud.org)
  • A number of single ray illumination measurements were performed inside an anechoic chamber. (bris.ac.uk)
  • There is a variety of potential terrorist incidents involving radiation that could result in mass casualties that could present at hospitals in the area near the incident. (cdc.gov)
  • This study variability somewhat limits the conclusions that can be drawn regarding the potential to cause adverse health effects in humans without further expert evaluation and review. (nih.gov)
  • The second set of data was taken to determine variations in the terminal radiation pattern given the close proximity of the human body. (bris.ac.uk)
  • In those occasions the phone may be positioned in a close proximity to the body, e.g. in a pocket or a hand. (cellraid.com)
  • Instead, in vitro measurements provide an estimate of internally deposited iodine (both the stable and radioactive isotopes), utilizing techniques that measure iodine in body fluids, feces, or other human samples (Gautier 1983). (cdc.gov)
  • For her, being an expert in medical physics, it was an urge to educate local communities and describe the possible scenarios for radioactive contamination and preparation measurements as it comes to daily safety. (baltictimes.com)
  • We are in 2022 and there is a myth that radiation therapy makes a person radioactive. (baltictimes.com)
  • Radiation Dispersal Device - A conventional explosion has scattered radioactive material ("dirty bomb"), saboteurs blew up a truck carrying radioactive material, or an aerosol containing radioactive material has been spread over a large area. (cdc.gov)
  • The results show that normal mouse bone marrow cells have a similar radiation sensitivity to other mammalian cells tested by very different methods. (bioone.org)
  • Sound is a complex physical phenomenon and no attempt is made here to describe in detail acoustic principles or methods for the measurement of sound. (nih.gov)
  • These in vivo measurement techniques are commonly used to measure body burdens of iodine radioisotopes, but cannot be used to assess the stable isotope of iodine. (cdc.gov)
  • Though radiation therapy is commonly administered to the abdomen and pelvis of patients with gastrointestinal (GI), urological, and gynecological cancers, the toxicity of radiation to normal intestine remains the biggest obstacle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These experiences give us insight into the consequences of protracted radiation at high and low doses and rates. (nih.gov)
  • Previous studies found that [ 18 F]LSN3316612 was a promising positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand for imaging O-GlcNAcase in nonhuman primates and human volunteers. (nih.gov)
  • Shifting into possibility negative impact through the Land Use perspective for social activities is affecting Land Cover to change, especially in biodiversity, water and earth radiation, trace gas emission, and other processes that come together to affect the climate and biosphere [ 2 , 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The application automatically monitors RF emission conditions and when needed, cuts off receiving and sending data until a better network is available and the phone is further away from the body. (cellraid.com)
  • For a deep-tech startup, which develops quality measurement software and hardware, it is a chance to step into the phase where clinical trials can be performed. (baltictimes.com)
  • Once radiation enteropathy develops, patients may suffer from vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bleeding [ 7 ], but unfortunately no preventive or restorative treatment modalities are available. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Land Cover can be defined as the physical characteristics of the earth's surface which involve vegetation, water, soil, and other physical features created through human activities like settlements, while Land Use refers to land used by humans for habitats concerning economic activities [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Evidence is accumulating that the proliferative capacity of mammalian cells has a uniformly high radiation sensitivity regardless of the species and tissue of origin. (bioone.org)
  • Experimental studies have been reported where humans or various species of animals (rats, mice, guinea pigs, chinchillas) have been exposed to infrasound in the laboratory. (nih.gov)
  • The integrated high precision sensors for temperature and relative humidity are calibrated and cover a wide measurement range. (biobserve.com)
  • However, there is a paucity of data demonstrating that lymphocyte proliferation does occur in humans treated with CTLA4-blocking antibodies. (snmjournals.org)
  • A thermal sensor is a device able to detect the thermal radiation emitted by an object located in the FOV(Field Of View) of the sensor. (wikipedia.org)
  • The relationship between the number of cells injected and the number of colonies appearing in the spleen has been determined and used to study the sensitivity to radiation of the proliferative capacity in vivo of normal adult mouse bone marrow cells irradiated in vitro . (bioone.org)
  • The quantities of iodine within the body can be assessed through the use of bioassays that are comprised of in vivo measurements and/or in vitro measurements. (cdc.gov)
  • In vivo measurements can be obtained through techniques that directly quantify internally-deposited iodine using, for example, thyroid or whole body counters. (cdc.gov)
  • In vivo measurement techniques are the most direct and widely used approach for assessing the burden of iodine radioisotopes within the body. (cdc.gov)
  • The in vivo measurement of these radioisotopes within the body is performed with various radiation detectors and associated electronic devices that are collectively known as in vivo thyroid monitors or whole body counters, depending on the body site of interest. (cdc.gov)
  • Bias - a systematic distortion of measurements that makes the results inaccurate. (cdc.gov)
  • LULC patterns depend on human usage in terms of natural and socioeconomic development through space and time. (hindawi.com)
  • Infrared radiation ( IR ) striking the sensor produces a change in the temperature of the device that as a consequence generates an electric output signal proportional to the incident IR power. (wikipedia.org)
  • The sensor is able to measure the temperature of the object radiating thanks to the information contained in the impinging radiation, exploiting in this sense Stefan - Boltzmann law. (wikipedia.org)
  • The working principle of TMOS sensor provides that when thermal IR radiation is absorbed in the sensitive area heats up the TMOS causing a variation in its temperature. (wikipedia.org)
  • The temperature change produces a current or a voltage output signal proportional to the absorbed radiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The value of i s i g {\displaystyle i_{sig}} is directly proportional to the drain source current variation with respect to TMOS operating temperature and to the temperature variation induced on the TMOS by the radiation absorbed from target object. (wikipedia.org)
  • This temperature has a direct dependence on the absorbing efficiency, the incident radiation power and on the thermal conductance of the sensor. (wikipedia.org)
  • In a closed system that is "reversible" , (no eddies, turbulence etc) and the volume doesn't change much (incompressible like water), then we can eliminate the work and get the equation dQ = TdS, which is to say, the change in heat energy of our system is equal to the temperature times the change in entropy of the system. (uncommondescent.com)
  • kg), whole body total percentage of fat mass (FM%) and percentage of trunk fat were obtained once at baseline, 6 months, and 2 years. (medscape.com)
  • The units of mass per milliliter, liter and deciliter are non-SI units of measurements of mass concentrations still used in many countries. (aqua-calc.com)
  • In an effort to fulfill this goal, CDC, in collaboration with representatives of local and state health and radiation protection departments and many medical and radiological professional organizations, has identified practical strategies that hospitals can refer to in preparing for and responding to a radiological terrorism event involving mass casualties. (cdc.gov)
  • The value cited is then the maximum level measured in the body part studied over the stated volume or mass. (cellraid.com)
  • We tested the role of whole-body molecular imaging in patients with advanced melanoma receiving the CTLA4-blocking antibody tremelimumab, allowing the analysis of changes in glucose metabolism using the PET probe 18 F-FDG and cell replication with the PET probe 3′-deoxy-3′- 18 F-fluorothymidine ( 18 F-FLT). (snmjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, the physiological and psychological effects of higher frequency sound and noise comprise an enormous volume of literature and have not been reviewed at this time. (nih.gov)
  • The mosaic structure includes: the pixel frame, the suspended transistor, that absorbs IR radiation and that could also be embedded in an absorbing IR membrane which determine the thermal capacitance of the sensor, and two folding arms that determine the sensor thermal conductance[disambiguation needed]. (wikipedia.org)
  • The spectral response of the sensor emulates the human eye. (biobserve.com)
  • Similar to the human eye the measured light intensity varies with the direction from which it reaches the sensor. (biobserve.com)
  • Since current management of radiation enteropathy is mainly supportive or surgical in those few patients that experience sustained GI bleeding [ 9 ] and there is no specific approach to prevent it, we conducted this study under the hypothesis that supplementing human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPDSCs) can limit IR-induced enteropathy and identifying potential biomarkers to predict favorable responses to these hPDSCs can benefit clinical trials. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The views expressed in this document are those of the Director, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the National Advisory Board on Medical Rehabilitation Research, and do not necessarily reflect the positions or judgements of the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the Administration, which must weigh competing requirements of multiple programs and activities. (nih.gov)
  • These data add new insights and provide possible answers to several important questions regarding radiation and its impact on occupational and public health. (nih.gov)
  • I think, curiosity, that one true eureka is what makes us human and powerful', she explains and defines that it is the reason why science can lead us to be more empathetic citizens. (baltictimes.com)
  • The study was approved by the human subjects committee at each institution and by a data and safety monitoring board appointed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (medscape.com)
  • The stainless steel mounting unit with the data logger on top contains all sensors and the scales for drinking and feeding measurements. (biobserve.com)
  • Therefore, LULC information at the watershed level is important for selection, planning, monitoring, and management of water resource so that the changes in Land Use meet the increasing demand for human needs and welfare without compromising water quality. (hindawi.com)
  • The method is based on the fact that the intravenous injection of an appropriate number of marrow cells into isologous hosts previously exposed to supralethal total-body irradiation leads to the formation of colonies of proliferating cells in the spleens of these animals. (bioone.org)
  • These contiguous cross-sectional images were analyzed, and then the total volume was calculated from the individual slices. (medscape.com)
  • The overall focus has been particularly on the scientific measurements of the mission. (dlr.de)
  • Here, we investigated either prophylactic or therapeutic efficacy of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPDSCs) against radiation enteropathy and could identify biomarkers predicting a favorable response to stem cell therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Label-free quantification was used to identify biomarkers which predict favorable responses after hPDSC treatment, and finally glutathione S-transferase- mu type, interleukin-10, and peroxiredoxin-2 were validated as proteomic biomarkers predicting a favorable response to hPDSCs in radiation enteropathy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • On the issue of wireless radiation and the health of citizens, the EU seems to be another hard nut to crack. (bvsalud.org)
  • The loss of these cells can result in a disrupted mucosal barrier and insufficient blood supply to the gut [ 7 , 8 ], and lead to troublesome radiation enteropathy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At present 130 nm CMOS - SOI technology implemented on 8 inch wafers is used to produce TMOS sensors, employing wafer level processing in standard CMOS facilities, allowing cost reduction and large production volumes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since infrared radiation cannot pass through standard cage plastics, sensors in adjacent cages do not interfere with each other. (biobserve.com)
  • Further, experiments using an indirect technique to measure the sensitivity of normal mouse bone marrow indicated that these cells have a radiation sensitivity of similar magnitude ( 6 ). (bioone.org)
  • It carries much more energy than gamma or beta radiation, and deposits that energy very quickly while passing through matter. (cdc.gov)
  • Energy imparted' means the difference in energy of the particles and quanta entering and leaving a small test volume. (ratical.org)
  • Specific absorption rate (SAR) is a measure of the rate at which energy is absorbed by the human body when exposed to a radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic field. (cellraid.com)
  • Delayed puberty is the absence of breast development in girls by 13 years of age and absence of testicular growth to at least 4 mL in volume or 2.5 cm in length in boys by 14 years of age. (aafp.org)
  • Two fully human antibodies with CTLA4-blocking activity-ipilimumab and tremelimumab-are in clinical development ( 9 , 10 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • NCMRR) of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) of the NIH. (nih.gov)
  • Major criteria for exclusion were the presence of diabetes or unstable cardiovascular disease, the use of medications that affect body weight, and insufficient motivation as assessed by interview and questionnaire. (medscape.com)
  • Radiation enteropathy is a common complication in patients with abdominopelvic cancer, but no treatment has yet been established. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The infrared sensors of the system measure the activity of an animal by recording the body heat image of that animal and its spatial movement. (biobserve.com)
  • Our theoretical lessons give that powerful group minutes are get in the interested human case of Chalcolithic Essays depending nonlinearly Proceedings. (mooreamusicpele.com)