Maternal protein concentrations fetal proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

A clear association was found between concentrations of antibody to proteins α and Rib in neonatal and maternal sera, indicating that transplacental transfer had occurred. (bmj.com)
Moreover, low concentrations of antibodies to α and Rib in neonatal sera were associated with invasive GBS infection caused by strains expressing the Rib protein. (bmj.com)
These findings support the notion that antibodies to GBS surface proteins contribute to the protection against neonatal infection. (bmj.com)
Crack abuse during pregnancy: maternal, fetal and neonatal complication. (docksci.com)
Crack abuse during pregnancy: maternal, fetal and neonatal complication J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Florida International University on 09/01/15 For personal use only. (docksci.com)
Maternal outcomes including preeclampsia, placenta abruption, gestational diabetes and preterm labor, and neonatal complication including low birth weight and low Apgar score in 5 min were compared in crack using and drug-free groups. (docksci.com)
Previous studies have found that maternal-crack use is related to intrauterine growth retardation [2,7], while others have found no relationship between crack use and neonatal growth [8]. (docksci.com)
Neonatal intestinal microvasculature density, endothelial cell proliferation, and intestinal VEGF-A and VEGFR2 proteins were assessed in vivo. (northwestern.edu)
Here we found that prenatal LPS injection significantly decreased intestinal microvascular density, endothelial cell proliferation, and VEGF and VEGFR2 protein expression in neonatal mice. (northwestern.edu)
TNF decreased VEGFR2 protein in vitro in neonatal endothelial cells. (northwestern.edu)
NEW & NOTEWORTHY This report provides new evidence that maternal inflammation decreases neonatal intestinal VEGF receptor 2 signaling and endothelial cell proliferation, impairs intestinal microvascular development, and predisposes neonatal mouse pups to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) through inflammatory cytokines such as TNF. (northwestern.edu)
Information on the impact of maternal, gestational or neonatal characteristics on milk macronutrient composition could help identify mother-infant pairs at higher risk of extrauterine growth restriction and move towards a more individualized nutritional support [ 24 ]. (nature.com)
In this context, we aimed to measure macronutrient content of very preterm milk and to identify changes associated with time and maternal, gestational and neonatal characteristics. (nature.com)

Some well known examples include: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), the predominant serum protein of the fetus which gives way to albumin in the adult. (wikipedia.org)
AFP was first found in human fetal serum in 1965 and determined to be the fetal version of albumin. (wikipedia.org)
This protein resembles albumin and is the main protein found in fetal serum. (wikipedia.org)
We examined the potential of proMBP as a maternal serum marker for fetal Down syndrome (DS) by determining its maternal serum concentration (MSpMBP) in 25 Down syndrome (DS) pregnancies and 152 control pregnancies in the first trimester, and in 105 DS pregnancies and 156 control pregnancies in the second trimester. (nih.gov)
Maternal and fetal serum TNF concentrations were measured by ELISA. (northwestern.edu)
Prenatal LPS injection increased maternal and fetal serum levels of TNF. (northwestern.edu)
The measurement of serum testosterone in women is difficult with most automated immunoassays because of poor sensitivity, accuracy and precision at low concentrations. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
It has been reported that there is a circulating fetal mRNA in maternal serum and the role remains unknown. (biomedcentral.com)

The proform of eosinophil major basic protein (proMBP), the most abundant protein in the eosinophil specific granule, is synthesized by the placenta and secreted into the maternal circulation, where it is found complex-bound to pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and other proteins. (nih.gov)
Lipophilic drugs tend to diffuse readily across the placenta and enter the fetal circulation. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Highly ionized drugs such as succinylcholine and tubocurarine, also used for cesarean sections, cross the placenta slowly and achieve very low concentrations in the fetus. (basicmedicalkey.com)
If high enough maternal-fetal concentration gradients are achieved, polar compounds cross the placenta in measurable amounts. (basicmedicalkey.com)
For example, a variety of maternal antibodies cross the placenta and may cause fetal morbidity, as in Rh incompatibility. (basicmedicalkey.com)
PlGF is angiogenic protein which is synthesized in placenta by mRNA PlGF. (biomedcentral.com)

In the 1980s a study found that fetal size and gestational age affects the concentration of AFP and that maternal, venous, and cord arterial AFP are associated with each other. (wikipedia.org)
A gestational increase in the concentration of triacylglycerols (TGs) of 300% and 25-50% for total cholesterol (TC) as well as variations in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels have been described. (biomedcentral.com)

In vitro Studies of Protein Transfer Across Human Fetal Membranes. (researchgate.net)
In this context, we aimed to determine whether cannabis exposure has the potential to directly impact the human fetal testis. (biomedcentral.com)
We determined the expression of components of the ECS in the human fetal testis from 6 to 17 developmental weeks and assessed the direct effects of phytocannabinoids Δ9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) on the testis morphology and cell functions ex vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrate the presence in the human fetal testis of two key endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) and to a lower level anandamide (AEA), as well as a range of enzymes and receptors for the ECS. (biomedcentral.com)
Our study is the first to evidence the presence of the ECS in the human fetal testis and to highlight the potential adverse effect of cannabis consumption by pregnant women onto the development of the male gonad. (biomedcentral.com)

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a condition specific to pregnancy, leading to increased fetal morbidity and mortality. (medscimonit.com)
Preeclampsia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, both maternal and perinatal. (biomedcentral.com)
Hypertension remains a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. (biomedcentral.com)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the sealing capability and tissue interaction of mussel-mimetic tissue adhesive (mussel glue) in comparison to fibrin glue on punctured fetal membranes in vivo. (researchgate.net)
Muscle glucose uptake and signaling were measured ex vivo in fetal ( n = 5-8/group) and juvenile ( n = 8/group) offspring. (diabetesjournals.org)
Postnatal TNF administration in vivo decreased intestinal microvasculature density, endothelial cell proliferation, and VEGF and VEGFR2 protein expression and increased the incidence of severe NEC. (northwestern.edu)
For example, with regard to targets, the reported affinities of the two known human melatonin receptors (in both cell expression systems and ex vivo ) are in the nanomolar range [cf. ( 7 )], whereas many if not most experimental protocols have employed very pharmacological concentrations to achieve significant effects. (frontiersin.org)

Fetal/maternal ratios of local anesthetics appear to be inversely related to the degree of plasma protein binding, because only the free, unbound drug is available for placental transfer. (nih.gov)
Cannabis consumption by pregnant women continues to increase worldwide, raising concerns about adverse effects on fetal growth and deleterious impacts on the newborn, in connection with evidence of placental transfer of cannabis compound. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent work has documented that this agent is effluxed from the fetal circulation by the BCRP transporter as well as by the MRP3 transporter located in the placental brush border membrane. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Samples, selected from a prospective cohort study, consisted of 87 healthy controls, 11 cases that developed term preeclampsia and 20 cases where there was fetal growth restriction. (uandes.cl)
We also measured sFLT-1 and sFLT-1 e15a plasma concentrations in a separate cohort: 15 cases of preterm preeclampsia and 24 healthy controls. (uandes.cl)
Conclusion: Plasma sFLT-1 e15a is significantly increased in early-onset preeclampsia and term fetal growth restriction. (uandes.cl)
There is a significant correlation between expression of cell-free mRNA and PlGF protein level in severe preeclampsia. (biomedcentral.com)
PlGF concentration profile follows a similar pattern in women who later developed preeclampsia, however with decreased amplitude. (biomedcentral.com)

Fetal hemoglobin has a main function to transfer oxygen from the pregnant person to the fetus during gestation. (wikipedia.org)
Fetal hemoglobin can be used to screen for pregnancy complications in the fetus and pregnant person. (wikipedia.org)
During normal pregnancy, the fetus grows and develops in an immunologically privileged environment, part of this privilege is associated with the intrinsic capacity of the maternal-fetal interface to respond promptly and efficiently to any immunological challenge [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Similarly, viral protease inhibitors, which are substrates to P-glycoprotein, achieve only low fetal concentrations-an effect that may increase the risk of vertical HIV infection from the mother to the fetus. (basicmedicalkey.com)
NRBCs originate from fetus carrying fetal cytoplasm and embryonic hemoglobin. (biomedcentral.com)
Historically, melatonin has been considered an endocrine hormone released from the epithalamic pineal gland, which then acts on specific G-protein-coupled melatonin receptors in target tissues of both adults and the fetus ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
AF is a complex and dynamic biological fluid that surrounds the fetus in the amniotic cavity which protects the fetus from mechanical as well as thermal shock and also contains nutrients and growth factors that facilitate fetal growth. (journalcra.com)
AF is known to contain large amounts of proteins whose expression profile reflects the genotypic constitution of the fetus and regulates feto-maternal physiological interaction. (journalcra.com)

An understanding of normal maternal-fetal physiology is critical in the diagnosis, surgical management, and postoperative care of pregnant women who require major surgery or who have been injured. (medscape.com)
In the 1980s, a foetal programming concept emerged that suggested that the intrauterine environment determines and programmes physiology and metabolism throughout life [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The final section is dedicated to preterm infants, their nutrition needs, and physiological capacities to ingest adequate amounts of protein for appropriate growth and development. (karger.com)
The last published guidance for enteral nutrition in preterm infants by the European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) [ 8 ] recommends an intake of 110-135 kcal/kg/day with between 3.5 and 4.0 (for patients weighing 1000-1800 g) and 4.0-4.5 g/kg/day (if under 1000 g) of protein. (nature.com)

Studies demonstrate that trauma is more likely to cause maternal death than any other medical complication of pregnancy. (medscape.com)
Iatrogenic preterm prelabour rupture of fetal membranes (iPPROM) remains the main complication after invasive interventions into the intrauterine cavity. (researchgate.net)

Maternal sera were dialyzed in vitro across individual or combined fetal membranes to elucidate the functions of the membranes in protein transport. (researchgate.net)
Evaluation was done at term (30 days' gestation) assessing fetal survival, fetal membrane integrity and histology of the membranes. (researchgate.net)

The cause of maternal death in the emergency department was reviewed in the level I trauma center in Miami, Fla. Motor vehicle collisions was responsible for 72% mortality and penetrating trauma was responsible for a 19% of deaths reported. (medscape.com)

The degree to which a drug is bound to plasma proteins (particularly albumin) may also affect the rate of transfer and the amount transferred. (basicmedicalkey.com)

In the USA, while fetal exposure to tobacco decreases, cannabis use during pregnancy rises along with the enhanced perception that there are no risks with cannabis consumption during pregnancy [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, in the third trimester of pregnancy, which is also when foetal growth is greatest, overall LPL activity decreases, coupled with increased lipolytic and catabolic activity due to insulin resistance that occurs at the time of pregnancy [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

An intricate balance of proteins is required throughout pregnancy and in cases of pregnancy complications or fetal genetic abnormalities, the balance may be disturbed. (journalcra.com)

Based on immunological and mass spectrometric analysis, SALSA was estimated to constitute up to 4-10% of the total protein amount in meconium, making it one of the most abundant proteins. (researchgate.net)
The ability to deplete these proteins specifically, reproducibly and high selectivity is increasingly important in proteomic studies and success in this procedure is leading to an ever-increasing list of low abundant proteins being identified in AF. (journalcra.com)

The rate and degree of diffusion is governed by (1) the degree of plasma protein binding, (2) the degree of ionization, and (3) the degree of lipid solubility. (nih.gov)
However, if a compound is very lipid-soluble (eg, some anesthetic gases), it will not be affected greatly by protein binding. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Oxygen consumption increases at the beginning of the first trimester and increases by 20-33% by term because of fetal demands and increased maternal metabolic processes. (medscape.com)
Maternal blood volume increases progressively, peaking at a value of approximately 40% above baseline by the third trimester. (medscape.com)
PlGF concentrations are already significantly reduced at the end of the first trimester and remain lower throughout pregnancy. (biomedcentral.com)
There is one or two such cells per millimeter maternal blood in second trimester pregnancy. (biomedcentral.com)

Comparison of normal human AF proteome with that coming from pregnancies carrying fetuses with chromosomal abnormalities facilitated the detection of panels of potential biomarkers for prenatal detection of fetal aneuploidies. (journalcra.com)
The discovery of novel protein biomarkers in either drug development or the study of disease in AF is often hindered by certain particular proteins present at relatively high concentrations. (journalcra.com)

PE can cause foetal loss, intrauterine growth restriction, or developmental complications. (biomedcentral.com)

Using a newly developed ELISA, we measured maternal plasma sFLT-1 e15a levels in women with fetal growth restriction and pre-eclampsia. (uandes.cl)

To test the hypothesis that transplacentally transferred maternal antibodies to GBS proteins contribute to the protection of the neonate from GBS infection. (bmj.com)

However, the related information on maternal comprehensive metabolic response to early pregnancy remains limited. (nature.com)

Here, we consider a newly identified role for pulmonary glucose transport in maintaining low airway surface liquid (ASL) glucose concentrations and propose that this contributes to lung defence against infection. (ersjournals.com)
98.8%) also contributes to lower fetal levels as compared with maternal concentrations. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Fetal Troponin T is a cardiac protein found in adults and infants. (wikipedia.org)
Fetal Troponin I (TnI) is a cardiac and skeletal protein found in adults and infants, with isomers specific to each. (wikipedia.org)
The understanding of these mechanisms is critical to support and improve the health of future generations in both the short and long term.The first part of this book reviews the role of hydrolyzed proteins in infant feeding and the evidence-based benefits of their use in non-breastfed infants at risk of allergy and in infants with functional gastrointestinal disorders. (karger.com)
The high levels of SALSA in AF and the infant intestine suggest a robust and important function for SALSA during the fetal development and in the mucosal innate immune defense of infants. (researchgate.net)

Although the initial focus of management is always maternal stabilization, the approach to treating trauma is different in patients who are pregnant than in patients who are not pregnant. (medscape.com)
The fetal sacs of pregnant rabbits at day 23 were randomly assigned into experimental groups: unoperated (negative control), unclosed puncture (positive control), commercially available fibrin glue (FG) with decellularized amnion scaffold (DAM), mussel glue (MG) with DAM, or mussel glue alone. (researchgate.net)

Certain maternal metabolism pathways change due to the nutrient transport during early pregnancy. (nature.com)
Glucose is removed from ASL in proximal airways via facilitative glucose transporters, down a concentration gradient generated by intracellular glucose metabolism. (ersjournals.com)

Local anesthetics are bound to plasma proteins in varying degrees. (nih.gov)
Generally, the lower the plasma concentration of drug the higher the percentage of drug bound to plasma proteins. (nih.gov)

Maternal WSD reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and impaired insulin signaling at the level of Akt phosphorylation in fetal muscle. (diabetesjournals.org)
In juvenile offspring, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was similarly reduced by both maternal and postweaning WSD and corresponded to modest reductions in insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation relative to controls. (diabetesjournals.org)
These processes vary between species but universally maintain ASL glucose at 3-20-fold lower concentrations than plasma. (ersjournals.com)
ASL glucose concentrations are increased in respiratory disease and by hyperglycaemia. (ersjournals.com)
This is in contrast to conditions in the gut and kidney, where luminal glucose concentrations regularly exceed plasma glucose concentrations [ 6 , 7 ]. (ersjournals.com)
ASL glucose concentrations are the net result of diffusion of glucose from blood and interstitial fluid across the respiratory epithelium into the ASL, and removal of glucose from ASL by epithelial glucose transport processes. (ersjournals.com)
Current model of the mechanisms controlling glucose concentrations in the surface liquid lining the airway and distal lung epithelium. (ersjournals.com)

We used a Japanese macaque model to investigate whether maternal obesity combined with a Western-style diet (WSD) impairs offspring muscle insulin action. (diabetesjournals.org)

SALSA proteins in the AF and intestinal samples were polymorphic and exhibited varying polypeptide compositions. (researchgate.net)

Fetal survival was not significantly lower in any of the treatment groups compared to the negative control. (researchgate.net)
Objective: Androsterone glucuronide (ADTG) concentrations have been suggested as a more reliable marker of the effects of androgen at the target tissue level and is significantly elevated in hirsute compared to non-hirsute women with PCOS. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

Fetal hemoglobin can also be found in the cord blood of the umbilical cord. (wikipedia.org)
Common blood disorders with high levels of fetal hemoglobin show symptoms like anemia. (wikipedia.org)
However, toxic blood concentrations depress cardiac conduction and excitability, which may lead to atrioventricular block, ventricular arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest, sometimes resulting in fatalities. (nih.gov)
In active labor, hyperventilation increases and tachypnea caused by pain and anxiety might result in marked hypocapnia and respiratory alkalosis, adversely affecting fetal oxygenation by reducing uterine blood flow. (medscape.com)
Because maternal blood has a pH of 7.4 whereas the fetal blood is 7.3, basic drugs with a pKa above 7.4 will be more ionized in the fetal compartment, leading to ion trapping and, hence, to higher fetal levels (see Chapter 1 , Ionization of Weak Acids and Weak Bases). (basicmedicalkey.com)

There are 4 Troponin T (TnT) isoforms found in fetal cardiac muscle. (wikipedia.org)
One of the other isoforms, a fetal cardiac TnT isoform, is also found in the fetal skeletal muscle. (wikipedia.org)

Sometimes, the genes coding fetal isoforms occur adjacent to their adult homologues in the genome, and in those cases a locus control region often coordinates the transition from fetal to adult forms. (wikipedia.org)
Transcriptomic analysis on 72 h-exposed fetal testis explants revealed 187 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including genes involved in steroid synthesis and toxic substance response. (biomedcentral.com)

For example, the P-glycoprotein transporter encoded by the MDR1 gene pumps back into the maternal circulation a variety of drugs, including cancer drugs (eg, vinblastine, doxorubicin) and other agents. (basicmedicalkey.com)

1 mM in nasal ASL [ 8 ] and mean± sd 0.4±0.2 mM in the lower respiratory tract, 12.5 times lower than plasma concentrations, which are normally maintained at ∼5 mM [ 9 ]. (ersjournals.com)

IgG antibody concentrations were measured in sera from these neonates, their mothers, and from 60 non-infected controls, neonates as well as mothers. (bmj.com)

This review summarizes evidence for the role of proteolytic enzymes that degrade and inactivate insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP) during follicular development in mammals. (bioone.org)
0.0001), but not fetal growth restriction. (uandes.cl)
Protein plays a vital role in growth and development and is able to 'program' healthy growth by influencing gene methylation for positive long-term health outcomes. (karger.com)

In some situations the continuing expression of fetal forms can reveal the presence of a disease condition or serve as a treatment for diseases such as sickle cell anemia. (wikipedia.org)

Fetal proteins are high levels of proteins present during the fetal stage of development. (wikipedia.org)
The fetal hemoglobin levels drop within 6 months of birth. (wikipedia.org)
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to investigate maternal plasma iNOS levels. (medscimonit.com)

The protein has a different structure than the adult protein because of this and helps in fetal development. (wikipedia.org)

A dilute concentration of epinephrine (1:200,000 or 5 mcg/mL) usually reduces the rate of absorption and peak plasma concentration of bupivacaine, permitting the use of moderately larger total doses and sometimes prolonging the duration of action. (nih.gov)
This protease activity has recently been ascribed to serine metalloprotease(s), including pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), which was first detected in human follicular fluid nearly 20 yr ago. (bioone.org)
Method: We performed a nested case-control study where we measured total sFLT-1 and sFLT-1 e15a plasma protein concentrations. (uandes.cl)
20%) to plasma proteins. (elephantcare.org)

In other cases fetal isoforms can be produced by alternate splicing using fetal exons to produce proteins that differ in only a portion of their amino acid sequence. (wikipedia.org)
The gamma subunit on fetal hemoglobin contains a neutral and nonpolar amino acid at position 136, unlike the beta subunit of adult hemoglobin. (wikipedia.org)

The following describes the percentage of traumatic maternal deaths caused by each mechanism of injury in this series. (medscape.com)

Fetal hemoglobin is vital in this system because it has a high affinity for oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
Bupivacaine with a high protein binding capacity (95%) has a low fetal/maternal ratio (0.2 to 0.4). (nih.gov)
A common response to these concerns is that local concentrations may be quite high and/or constant-especially if there is local constitutive melatonin synthesis. (frontiersin.org)

Hydroxyurea is used to increase the amount of fetal hemoglobin in an adult. (wikipedia.org)

Pharmacology - Tobramycin, like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics, act on susceptible bacteria presumably by irreversibly binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit thereby inhibit-ing protein synthesis. (elephantcare.org)

A review of the medical records of the Cook County Medical Examiner showed that direct and indirect obstetric factors caused maternal deaths in 31.5% of 95 cases. (medscape.com)
[ 2 ] Trauma caused maternal deaths in 46.5% of the 95 cases, and, of these traumatic death cases, 34% were due to accidents, 57% to homicide, and 9% to suicide. (medscape.com)
highlight causes and cases of maternal slaughter. (springeropen.com)

AFP is categorized as an oncofetal protein because it is also found in tumors. (wikipedia.org)

Alpha globulins are round transport proteins that have a wide variety of functions. (wikipedia.org)
available triacylglycerols are used by LPL to provide free fatty acids for foetal transport. (biomedcentral.com)

The rate of systemic absorption of local anesthetics is dependent upon the total dose and concentration of drug administered, the route of administration, the vascularity of the administration site, and the presence or absence of epinephrine in the anesthetic solution. (nih.gov)

Anatomy9

Organisms8

Diseases9

Chemicals and Drugs24

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes34

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science1

Health Care2

Neonatal13

Serum8

Placenta6

Gestational2

Human fetal5

Morbidity3

Vivo4

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Preeclampsia5

Fetus8

Physiology2

Preterm Infants2

Complication2

Membranes2

Cause of maternal1

Albumin1

Decreases2

Pregnancy complications1

Abundant2

Lipid2

Trimester4

Biomarkers2

Intrauterine1

ELISA1

Antibodies1

Metabolic1

Contributes2

Infants4

Pregnant2

Metabolism2

Bound2

Glucose7

Obesity1

Intestinal1

Significantly2

Blood5

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Genes2

Circulation1

Respiratory1

Sera1

Growth3

Expression1

Levels3

Development1

Plasma4

Amino2

Mechanism1

High3

Adult1

Subunit1

Cases3

Found1

Transport2

Anesthetic1