• The issue of maternal obesity has become a major public health problem. (lenus.ie)
  • Maternal obesity is a global health problem that increases offspring obesity risk. (jci.org)
  • Utilizing umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (uMSC) from offspring of normal weight and obese mothers, we tested whether energy metabolism and gene expression differ in differentiating uMSC myocytes and adipocytes, in relation to maternal obesity exposures and/or neonatal adiposity. (jci.org)
  • Metabolic and biosynthetic processes were enriched in differential gene expression analysis related to maternal obesity. (jci.org)
  • In uMSC adipocytes, maternal obesity and lipids were associated with downregulation in multiple insulin-dependent energy-sensing pathways including PI3K and AMPK. (jci.org)
  • Overall, our data revealed cell-specific alterations in metabolism and gene expression that correlated with maternal obesity and adiposity of their offspring, suggesting tissue-specific metabolic and regulatory changes in these newborn cells. (jci.org)
  • Maternal visceral adiposity and fetal biometry in women with obesity and diabetes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Maternal visceral adiposity positively correlated with fetal abdominal circumference , estimated fetal weight , head circumference, femur length, and biparietal diameter in pregnant women with obesity , nonobesity, gestational diabetes , and nondiabetes, but the correlation coefficients were statistically similar among the groups. (bvsalud.org)
  • Animal and human epidemiological studies have established that sub-optimal maternal diet throughout pregnancy results in offspring that are at increased risk of later metabolic disease including diabetes and obesity. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • We used a Japanese macaque model to investigate whether maternal obesity combined with a Western-style diet (WSD) impairs offspring muscle insulin action. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Epigenetic regulation of adiposity: The molecular complexity of obesity. (alliedacademies.org)
  • While genetics, diet, and physical activity have traditionally been considered the main drivers of obesity, emerging research suggests that epigenetics plays a pivotal role in regulating adiposity. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Maternal obesity increases the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which results in fetal overgrowth and long-lasting metabolic dysfunctioning in the offspring. (cuny.edu)
  • This study examines whether supplementation of betaine, a choline derivative, has positive effects on fetal metabolic outcomes in mouse progeny exposed to maternal obesity and GDM. (cuny.edu)
  • The impact of maternal obesity extends beyond birth, being independently associated with an increased risk of child obesity. (springer.com)
  • In overweight and obese pregnant women, we found no evidence that maternal dietary and/or lifestyle intervention during pregnancy modifies the risk of early childhood obesity. (springer.com)
  • Various inter-related factors, including parental genotype and shared obesogenic environment, contribute to an individual's risk of obesity in childhood, and prenatal exposures, particularly high maternal body mass index (BMI), are important [ 2 ]. (springer.com)
  • While the impact of maternal obesity extends beyond birth, being independently associated with an increased risk of early infant and childhood obesity [ 3 ], the extent to which the effect of maternal BMI may be modified by maternal diet and/or lifestyle remains unclear [ 2 ]. (springer.com)
  • For instance, maternal hyperglycemia and consequent gestational diabetes increases offspring risk of macrosomia, obesity and T2D. (lu.se)
  • Accessible Version: www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/17_0129.htm maternal severe obesity [BMI 35.0 kg/m2]) and children's beha- vioral factors (fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity, Suggested citation for this article: Salahuddin M, Pérez A, screen time) with severe obesity (BMI 120% of 95th percentile), Ranjit N, Kelder SH, Barlow SE, Pont SJ, et al. (cdc.gov)
  • Biomarkers of incomplete β-oxidation were uniquely positively correlated with infant adiposity and maternal lipid levels in uMSC myocytes from offspring of obese mothers only. (jci.org)
  • AIMS: To determine if prenatal exposure to maternal adiposity or hyperglycemia is associated with neurodevelopmental problems in 3-4 year old children, and if links persist following adjustment for confounding variables, including prenatal diet. (mcmaster.ca)
  • METHOD: 808 mother-child pairs from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals-Child Development Plus cohort were used to examine associations between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), hyperglycemia and offspring verbal, performance and full-scale IQ scores, as well as internalizing and externalizing problems. (mcmaster.ca)
  • In-utero hyperglycemia exposure influences later cardiometabolic risk, although few studies include women with pre-existing type 2 diabetes (T2D) or assess maternal body mass index (BMI) as a potential confounder. (nature.com)
  • The cohort is named MAASTHI (Maternal Antecedents of Adiposity Studying the Transgenerational Role of Hyperglycemia and Insulin). (wikipedia.org)
  • Exploring the causal effect of maternal pregnancy adiposity on offspring adiposity: Mendelian randomisation using polygenic risk scores. (cam.ac.uk)
  • however, the modifying effect of maternal ethnicity remains little explored among South Asians. (lboro.ac.uk)
  • This new research will examine the relationship between maternal sugar levels during pregnancy and fetal adiposity in utero. (ucd.ie)
  • A new article, published in the journal BMC Medicine, reports the largest epigenome-wide association study to date that provides evidence that factors contributing to childhood adiposity (level of body fat) begin before birth and are influenced by mother's lifestyle, and fetal genetic and epigenetic factors. (news-medical.net)
  • Maternal visceral adiposity positively correlated with fetal biometry in the second trimester of pregnancy in the same manner in pregnant women previously obese and nonobese, as well as in pregnant women with gestational diabetes and nondiabetes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our results suggest that associations of ambient PM exposures with newborn size and adiposity differ between white British and Pakistani origin infants. (lboro.ac.uk)
  • Maternal exposures during the periconceptional period and pregnancy may increase offspring risk of diabetes in later life and may partially explain the preferential maternal transmission of T2D. (lu.se)
  • These distinct phenotypes had matching feto-placental blood flow patterns throughout pregnancy, and different growth, adiposity, vision, and neurodevelopment outcomes in early childhood. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • These factors, alone and in combination with each other, could have pre-determined effects on a child's size, adiposity and future metabolic outcomes later in life. (news-medical.net)
  • Studying a racially and ethnically diverse international cohort of over 23,000 pregnant women and their babies, the HAPO researchers found that elevated maternal blood glucose levels below those diagnostic of GDM were associated with increased risk of multiple adverse outcomes for the mother and child. (nih.gov)
  • Strikingly, the HAPO researchers observed that even modestly elevated maternal blood glucose levels were associated with risks, which increased with maternal blood glucose levels in a linear fashion for most outcomes. (nih.gov)
  • We propose a temporal-specific mechanism by which maternal BS influences fetal growth and lipid metabolic outcomes of HF mice during prenatal development. (cuny.edu)
  • There was little evidence of an effect on the pre-specified composite maternal and infant outcomes, including birth weight [ 4 ]. (springer.com)
  • Now, through a long-term study involving thousands of women and children, researchers have found that elevated maternal blood glucose levels even below those meeting traditional GDM diagnostic criteria increase the risk of future type 2 diabetes in mothers and impaired glucose metabolism and greater excess fat in children ages 10 to 14 years post-delivery. (nih.gov)
  • José Villar , Professor of Perinatal Medicine at the University of Oxford, who co-led the study said: 'This is the first comprehensive evidence, across geographic populations, of the complex interaction between maternal and fetal metabolism that regulates, early in pregnancy, unique fetal trajectories linked specifically to weight, adiposity and development during childhood. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Effect of Diet & Exercise on Metabolism of Maternal Hearts during Pregnancy" by Katherine A. Grue, Hayli E. Joiner et al. (wku.edu)
  • Suggested citation for this article: Coleman-Phox K, Laraia BA, Adler N, Vieten C, Thomas M, Epel E. Recruitment and Retention of Pregnant Women for a Behavioral Intervention: Lessons from the Maternal Adiposity, Metabolism, and Stress (MAMAS) Study. (cdc.gov)
  • We examined recruitment and retention strategies used in the Maternal Adiposity, Metabolism, and Stress (MAMAS) study (National Institutes of Health [NIH], ClinicalTrials.gov identifier no. (cdc.gov)
  • Subobjective 1C: We will define the relationship between maternal and infant carotenoid status at birth and 8 wk in lean and obese mothers. (usda.gov)
  • Does Infant Reactivity Moderate the Association Between Antenatal Maternal Depression and Infant Sleep? (bristol.ac.uk)
  • A robust candidate pipeline exists to one day prevent RSV disease in infant and pediatric populations, and it focuses on two promising passive immunization approaches appropriate for low-income contexts: maternal RSV vaccines and long-acting infant mAbs. (cdc.gov)
  • Maternal Adiposity Influences Neonatal Brain Functional Connectivity. (archildrens.org)
  • Maternal diet apparently does not have a significant role on neonatal cord blood insulin, C-peptide, or plasma glucose levels although a lower maternal glycemic load appears to be associated with lower adiposity in infants born to these women. (medscape.com)
  • Does maternal physical activity influence neonatal adiposity? (univadis.com)
  • Children exposed to maternal T2D had smaller mean head circumference (−0.82 cm, 95% CI: −1.33, −0.31) than children exposed to normoglycemia. (nature.com)
  • We aimed to investigate this association, exploring the potential modifying roles of age at diagnosis and maternal anthropometrics, using prospectively collected data from the International Childhood Cancer Cohort Consortium. (nih.gov)
  • BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to maternal metabolic complications has been linked to offspring neurodevelopmental problems. (mcmaster.ca)
  • The aim of this study was to compare the correlation of maternal visceral adiposity with sonographic variables related to fetal biometry in the second trimester of pregnancy in mothers who were previously obese versus nonobese and gestational diabetic versus nondiabetic. (bvsalud.org)
  • To explore the association of maternal T2D and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with childhood anthropometry, and the influence of maternal BMI on these associations. (nature.com)
  • 2 Although research has pointed to the influence of rapid environmental and behavioral changes, 2 as well as possible genetic contributors, 3 recent attention has also been directed at the possible role of diabetic pregnancies (gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM] and pre-existing maternal T2DM) in this epidemic. (aphapublications.org)
  • Recordings of maternal dietary intake and nutrient status are often limited and potential correlations with gestational weight gain have been poorly studied. (karger.com)
  • Early pregnancy lipid biology associated with fetal abdominal growth trajectories is an indicator of patterns of growth, adiposity, vision, and neurodevelopment up to the age of 2 years. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • A new study, led by researchers at the University of Oxford, UK, in collaboration with the University of California, Berkeley, USA, published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology identifies, as early as the 5th month of pregnancy, patterns of fetal abdominal growth associated with maternal lipid metabolites that track newborn growth, adiposity and development into childhood. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Maternal betaine supplementation affects fetal growth and lipid metabo" by Yaelle Joselit, Khatia Nanobashvili et al. (cuny.edu)
  • The correlation between maternal visceral adiposity and fetal biometric variables was evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. (bvsalud.org)
  • Although maternal transmission of cariogenic microbes has been a source of concern, the researchers found little correlation between maternal and child salivary microbiomes before the age of 2, according to a news release from the AADOCR. (drbicuspid.com)
  • Methods and Findings We used one and two-stage individual participant data (IPD) metaanalysis, and a negative-control (paternal BMI) to examine the association between maternal prepregnancy BMI and offspring serum metabolome from three European birth cohorts (offspring age at metabolite assessment 16, 17 and 31 years). (biorxiv.org)
  • Results from one-stage IPD meta-analysis ( N =5327 to 5377 mother-father-offspring trios) showed that increasing maternal and paternal BMI was associated with an adverse cardio-metabolic profile in offspring. (biorxiv.org)
  • Is there a greater maternal than paternal influence on offspring adiposity in India? (dhsprogram.com)
  • We apply a systems genetics approach integrating high-throughput -omics and machine learning in large family and population-based cohorts as well as tissues of interest to dissect such maternal and paternal effects and how they can affect risk of diabetes and its related comorbidities. (lu.se)
  • In turn, chronic fetal hypoxaemia promotes oxidative stress, and maternal antioxidant therapy in animal models of hypoxic pregnancy has proven to be protective with regards to fetal growth and cardiovascula. (researchgate.net)
  • These fetal growth patterns are also associated with blood flow and nutrient transfer by the placenta, demonstrating a complex interaction between maternal and fetal nutrition early in pregnancy that influences postnatal weight and eventually adult health. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Previous studies show that maternal choline supplementation normalizes fetal growth and adiposity of progeny from obese mice. (cuny.edu)
  • For example, we are both committed to investigating fetal adiposity in utero. (ucd.ie)
  • Working with Dr Stuart, she will undertake clinical research on fetal adiposity in utero in the Ultrasound Departments of both Mount Carmel Hospital and the Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital. (ucd.ie)
  • WRAP-Association-between-fetal-abdominal-growth-trajectories-maternal-metabolite-signatures-early-in-pregnancy-and-childhood-growth-and-adiposity-Zammit-2022.pdf - Published Version - Requires a PDF viewer. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • 31 maternal metabolites had a negative effect for the faltering growth phenotype and 76 for the early accelerating growth phenotype. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Greater maternal antenatal BMI was associated with increased anthropometric measures in offspring independent of maternal glycemic status. (nature.com)
  • DNA methylation patterns from fetal DNA revealed several regions of DNA that were associated with BMI at birth and child weight during early development (between 3 and 48 months years old).The methylation pattern at three of these identified regions were also associated with maternal factors including smoking, blood glucose levels and BMI. (news-medical.net)
  • Controlling maternal blood glucose levels through lifestyle change (modifications to diet and exercise) and/or with injections of the hormone insulin, if needed, can mitigate some of these risks. (nih.gov)
  • Here, we use Mendelian randomisation (MR) with polygenic risk scores (PRS) to investigate whether associations between maternal pre-/early pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and offspring adiposity from birth to adolescence are causal. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Using multivariate linear regression models, we evaluated effect modification by maternal ethnicity ("white British" or "Pakistani origin," self-reported) on the associations of air pollution and birth weight, head circumference, and triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness. (lboro.ac.uk)
  • Researchers from the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences assessed the association of maternal lifestyle and environmental factors, fetal epigenetics, and fetal genetics on birth weight and adiposity in early childhood. (news-medical.net)
  • Eleven of 30 maternal factors, including maternal adiposity, smoking, blood glucose and plasma unsaturated fatty acid levels influenced birth weight. (news-medical.net)
  • Analysis of fetal DNA (from umbilical cord blood) revealed that genetic markers commonly associated with high BMI in adults were detectable in fetal DNA and found to be related to birth weight and adiposity in childhood. (news-medical.net)
  • Multivariable linear and logistic regression models adjusted for sex, whether the mother was an immigrant, maternal education and birth weight. (bmj.com)
  • The maternal metabolite signatures included 5-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid, and 11 phosphatidylcholines linked to oxylipin or saturated fatty acid sidechains. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Maternal, placental, and fetal samples were collected for metabolite and gene-expression assays. (cuny.edu)
  • We aimed to determine if associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) with offspring systemic metabolite profile are causal via intrauterine mechanisms or familial factors. (biorxiv.org)
  • Cordero M. Scerif G. Mahedy L. Evans J. Abioye A. Stein A. Maternal perinatal mental health and offspring academic achievement at age 16: the mediating role of childhood executive function . (bristol.ac.uk)
  • Associations were examined before and after adjustment for prenatal diet along with home environment, maternal depression, education and prenatal smoking. (mcmaster.ca)
  • Maternal adiposity, currently widespread, was not demonstrated to substantially modify these associations. (nih.gov)
  • Associations between poor maternal oral health and the risk of early childhood caries (ECC) were discussed during a presentation March 26 at the American Association for Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Research (AADOCR) 2022 annual meeting. (drbicuspid.com)
  • States because of its high prevalence, adverse metabolic effects, els adjusted for sociodemographic covariates were used to exam- racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities, and high economic ine associations of children's early-life and maternal factors costs. (cdc.gov)
  • CONCLUSION: In the adjusted models, maternal metabolic complications were not associated with offspring neurodevelopment. (mcmaster.ca)
  • Even while adjusting for well-known risk factors for adverse offspring cognition (home environment, maternal depression), we show for the first time that maternal prenatal diet is an important confounder of the links between maternal metabolic complications and offspring cognition. (mcmaster.ca)
  • For more information, see the Maternal and Child Nutrition Laboratory . (uga.edu)
  • Met behulp van statistische software werden deze relaties nagegaan bij een groep van Europese kinderen en adolescenten die deelnamen aan de HELENA studie (HELENA is de afkorting van HEalthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence). (scriptiebank.be)
  • Excess adiposity is known to cause chronic inflammation, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease: the leading cause of death for over a decade. (wku.edu)
  • Our research is focused on investigating the missing heritability of type 2 diabetes through investigation of parent-of-origin effects (POE) on common variants and rare de novo and loss-of-function mutations, which could explain the maternal transmission and relate to developmental programming. (lu.se)
  • However, no studies investigating these links have examined the role of maternal prenatal diet. (mcmaster.ca)
  • however, little is known about how maternal exercise modifies high fat diet associated metabolic dysregulation upon mothers during gestation. (wku.edu)
  • Our study exhibits that the development of adiposity from the consumption of a high fat diet prior to pregnancy leads to detrimental maternal effects during late gestation, including higher body weight, and glucose tolerance. (wku.edu)
  • Through these studies we will determine if maternal carotenoid status changes over the course of pregnancy and if that change can be explained by changes in maternal carotenoid intake and body composition. (usda.gov)
  • The percentage of body fat and adiposity may not be associated with caries in the permanent teeth of U.S. children and adolescents, according to a large study. (drbicuspid.com)
  • Strong coordination between maternal and child health programs and the Expanded Program on Immunization will be needed for effective, efficient, and equitable delivery of either intervention. (cdc.gov)
  • What are the maternal risk factors for cerebral palsy in children? (univadis.com)
  • portant to examine early-life, maternal, and childhood behavioral factors. (cdc.gov)
  • Although we previously reported that maternal choline supplementation downregulated mRNA expression of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis in fetal livers, such alterations were not observed with BS, suggesting differential effects of betaine and choline on fetal gene expression. (cuny.edu)
  • Objective 2: To determine the pharmacokinetic basis for why adiposity affects breast milk carotenoid composition. (usda.gov)
  • Maternal baseline characteristics were similar between the follow-up treated and untreated groups. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Maternal T2D was no longer associated with greater child mean skinfolds ( p = 0.14) or waist circumference ( p = 0.18) after adjustment for maternal BMI. (nature.com)
  • Early pregnancy maternal blood and umbilical cord venous blood samples were collected for untargeted metabolomic analysis. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • The home environment and maternal depression accounted for significant variance in externalizing problems. (mcmaster.ca)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that higher maternal pre-/early-pregnancy BMI is not a key driver of higher adiposity in the next generation. (cam.ac.uk)
  • However, it is unknown whether maternal pregnancy adiposity is associated with long-term risk of adverse metabolic profiles in offspring, and if so, whether this association is causal, via intrauterine mechanisms, or explained by shared familial (genetic, lifestyle, socioeconomic) characteristics. (biorxiv.org)
  • RESULTS: MV and MR consistently showed a positive association between maternal BMI and BW, supporting a moderate causal effect. (cam.ac.uk)
  • For adiposity at most older ages, although MV estimates indicated a strong positive association, MR estimates did not support a causal effect. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Adjustment for maternal BMI strengthened the negative association between GDM and child weight, BMI and circumferences. (nature.com)