Mast cells in vitro. Medical search. Frequent questions

Since its discovery in 2000, initial in vitro studies have found that the engagement of Siglec-8 with a monoclonal antibody or with selective polyvalent sialoglycan ligands induced the cell death of eosinophils and inhibited mast cell degranulation. (mdpi.com)
In vitro and in vivo animal studies have shown that cromolyn sodium inhibits sensitized mast cell degranulation which occurs after exposure to specific antigens. (nih.gov)
The measurement of histamine was used as a quantitative marker in an in-vitro investigation of mast cell degranulation. (cdc.gov)
In this study, we analyse the ability of certain drugs used during perioperative procedures and anaesthesia to induce MRGPRX2-dependent degranulation in human mast cells and sera from patients who experienced an anaphylactoid reaction during the perioperative procedure. (cun.es)
Using a β-hexosaminidase release assay, several drugs were seen to cause mast cell degranulation in vitro in comparison with unstimulated cells, but only morphine, vancomycin and cisatracurium specifically triggered this receptor, as assessed by the release of β-hexosaminidase in the control versus the MRGPRX2-silenced cells. (cun.es)
Unlike that of the healthy controls, the sera of patients who had experienced an anaphylactoid reaction induced mast-cell degranulation. (cun.es)
G-Rh2 inhibited OVA -induced airway remodeling , the production of TNF-α, IL-4 , IL-8 , IL-1 ß and the degranulation of mast cells of asthmatic mice . (bvsalud.org)
In vitro experiments G-Rh2 significantly reduced calcium uptake and inhibited histamine release and degranulation in RPMCs. (bvsalud.org)
IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation) to polyethylene glycol (PEG). (cdc.gov)

To study the role of peritoneal mast cells during in vivo infection with S. aureus we used newly developed Mcpt5-Cre(+) x R-DTA mice in which mast cell deficiency is independent of c-Kit. (uni-koeln.de)
We conclude that, despite peritoneal mast cells being activated by S. aureus in vitro, they do not influence the in vivo manifestations of intraperitoneal S. aureus infection. (uni-koeln.de)
Anti-Siglec-8 antibody administration in vivo to humanized and transgenic mice selectively expressing Siglec-8 on mouse eosinophils and mast cells confirmed the in vitro findings, and identified additional anti-inflammatory effects. (mdpi.com)
The results of the current study suggest that SNL exerts a suppressive effect on pro‑inflammatory cytokines in vitro and in vivo through the regulation of the immune system. (spandidos-publications.com)
Linette Willemsen is an expert in Mucosal Immunology and uses human in vitro models and murine in vivo models of allergic diseases. (uu.nl)
She was co-promotor for 8 PhD students working on the topic of Food Allergy ( in vitro and in vivo ) or Asthma and is currently guiding 4 PhD students. (uu.nl)
Human IL-5 is a potent eosinophil differentiation and activation factor in vivo and in vitro . (rndsystems.com)
Recent and extensive in vitro and in vivo studies have supported the promising and unique capability of APAC to produce a local antithrombotic effect by contextually inhibiting the collagen-induced aggregation and the deposition of activated platelets and reducing the fibrin formation at the site of vascular injury. (lww.com)
These IgG4 antibodies have the potential to form the basis of a therapeutic drug candidate exhibiting strong potency and efficacy in vitro , ex vivo , and in vivo . (blackradionetwork.com)
New approach methodologies (NAMs), including in vitro assays, in silico models, read-across, and in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE), are being developed to reduce, refine, or replace whole animal testing, encouraging the judicious use of time and resources. (cdc.gov)

Zinc chloride was a competitive antagonist of the action of Ca2+ in histamine secretion induced by anti-IgE with a dissociation constant (Kd) of about 10(-5) M in both the basophil and mast cell systems. (nih.gov)
Mast cell-lineage versus basophil lineage involvement in myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic syndromes: diagnostic role of cell-immunophenotyping. (bdbiosciences.com)
Select monoclonal IgG4 antibodies, re-engineered from human IgE antibodies, were able to inhibit allergic plasma IgE from binding recombinant Ara h 2 in vitro, and also inhibit whole peanut-mediated mast cell and basophil activation. (blackradionetwork.com)

These cells can participate in inflammatory responses by releasing mediators that attract or activate other cells, contributing to the pathogenesis of allergic and non-allergic diseases. (mdpi.com)
In these experiments we compared the effect of zinc chloride on the release of chemical mediators from human basophils and mast cells isolated from human lung. (nih.gov)
In in vitro studies we have shown that n-3 LCPUFA also enhance epithelial barrier integrity and suppress the release of inflammatory mediators by mast cells. (uu.nl)
Cromolyn sodium acts by inhibiting the release of mediators from mast cells. (nih.gov)
Asthma results from complex interactions among inflammatory cells, their mediators, airway epithelium and smooth muscle, and the nervous system. (medscape.com)

Specific Treg then provide active tolerance to the harmless food proteins at all mucosal surfaces, either via cell contact or via their secretion of immunosuppressive factors that both prevent the induction of adaptive T helper (Th) lymphocytes in response to antigenic re-exposure ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
Therefore a transwell co-culture model of human intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and mixed lymphocytes was developed to study the cross-talk between these cells (see http://www.uu.nl/organisatie/3rs-centre-uls/3vs/3v-interviews ). (uu.nl)
Inflammatory cellular infiltrates, including lymphocytes, eosinophils, and mast cells, are found in the airways of patients with asthma, even during periods of clinical stability 1 . (ispub.com)
Le pourcentage de CD44 dans les lymphocytes T périphériques était significativement plus élevé chez les patients que chez les témoins, comme détecté par la cytométrie en flux. (who.int)
These cells include a subset of helper T lymphocytes, monocytes and macrophages. (cdc.gov)
Although such swabs are likely to be contaminated with lymphocytes from the tonsils or pharynx, the authors noted that the virus was also found in cell-free supernatants. (cdc.gov)

Among these, Siglec-8 is a CD33-related family member selectively expressed on human mast cells and eosinophils, and at low levels on basophils. (mdpi.com)
The skin tissue was sectioned to measure the thicknesses of the epidermis and dermis, as well as the numbers of eosinophils, mast cells and CD8 infiltration by H&E, toluidine blue, Masson's trichrome and IHC staining. (spandidos-publications.com)

Preincubation (5 min, 37 degrees C) of human basophils and lung mast cells with zinc chloride (10(-6)-3 X 10(-5) M) caused dose-related inhibition of histamine and peptide leukotriene C4 (LTC4) release induced by anti-IgE. (nih.gov)
Thus physiological concentrations of zinc inhibit the release of histamine from human basophils and lung mast cells, presumably by blocking Ca2+ uptake induced by anti-IgE activation. (nih.gov)
Confocal micrograph of a stimulated mast cell that has just exploded releasing numerous histamine granules. (ucsd.edu)
B0002677 Mast cell releasing histamine granules. (ucsd.edu)
The MeOH extract of Ganoderma lucidum has an inhibitory action on histamine release from rat mast cells. (researchgate.net)
Ganoderic acids C and D were shown to inhibit histamine release from rat mast cells. (researchgate.net)
A study showed that ganoderic acids C and D isolated from G. lucidum inhibit the release of histamine from mast cells [81] . (researchgate.net)
Although other irritants in the smoke may have contributed to the incident, there is supporting evidence that stable strontium can stimulate the release of histamine from mast cells in vitro (ATSDR 2001e). (cdc.gov)
The ability of 9-methyl-3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one potassium salt (TBX) to inhibit histamine release from both peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) containing mast cells and lung fragments of rats was investigated in vitro. (unboundmedicine.com)

Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins) are single-pass cell surface receptors that have inhibitory activities on immune cells. (mdpi.com)
The density of CR1 receptors on cell surfaces varies with the cell type and with the activation of the cell for neutrophils and monocytes. (medscape.com)
Because of their high numbers, red blood cells express an average of 90% of the CR1 receptors despite their having a lower number of antigenic sites per cell. (medscape.com)
Among healthy individuals, the number of CR1 receptors on the red blood cells varies widely, yet the phenotypic expression, regulated by 2 codominant alleles, is stable. (medscape.com)
a partial map of receptors on human mast cells cultured in vitro. (spandidos-publications.com)
Furthermore, mast cells and H1 receptors have not been the primary sites of antipruritic action of this extract. (researchgate.net)
The multiple effects of IL-5 are mediated by binding of the cytokine to specific cell surface receptors expressed on target cells. (rndsystems.com)

The establishment of oral tolerance is dependent on the controlled uptake of food proteins through the intestinal epithelial barrier and its delivery to local dendritic cells (DC) that matured in the intestinal pro-tolerogenic environment. (frontiersin.org)
Mice with C5a receptor-deficient dendritic cells promote induction of Treg and Th17 cells. (medscape.com)
It is a single-chain membrane glycoprotein of approximately 200 kd that has 4 allotypic forms on myeloid cells (eg, erythrocytes, granulocytes, monocytes), lymphoid cells (mostly B cells), follicular dendritic cells, and glomerular podocytes. (medscape.com)
Bacterial CpG-DNA triggers activation and maturation of human CD11c-, CD123+ dendritic cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Interleukin-3Rα+ myeloid dendritic cells and mast cells develop simultaneously from different bone marrow precursors in cultures with interleukin-3. (bdbiosciences.com)
The enigmatic plasmocytoid T cells develop into dendritic cells with interleukin (IL)-3 and CD40-ligand. (bdbiosciences.com)
Isolation and characterization of human tonsil dendritic cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Human blood contains two subsets of dendritic cells, one immunologically mature and the other immature. (bdbiosciences.com)

Purified Goat IgG for use as a control in flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry / immunocytochemistry, immunoprecipitation, and in vitro assays and as a standard in ELISA. (southernbiotech.com)
Cytotoxicity assays were performed by using cell culture medium containing L-929 line cells (mouse fibroblast). (bvsalud.org)

It inhibits thrombin-induced platelet aggregation in vitro (IC50 = 54.16 μg/ml). (wikipedia.org)
This molecule inhibits the proliferation of IL-5-dependent cell lines and blocks human umbilical cord blood eosinophil differentiation. (rndsystems.com)
When cells are stressed or dying, they take up calcium, which tends to excite the cells at the same time that it inhibits their energy production, intensifying their stress. (raypeat.com)
G-Rh2 inhibits mast cell -induced allergic inflammation , which might be mediated by the AKT-Nrf2/NF-κB and p38MAPK-Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathways. (bvsalud.org)

Kraneveld AD, Sagar S, Garssen J and Folkerts G: The two faces of mast cells in food allergy and allergic asthma: The possible concept of Yin Yang. (spandidos-publications.com)
For this purpose effects of these bioactive dietary components are studied in human in vitro models and these results are translated to murine models for Food Allergy and Asthma. (uu.nl)
Interestingly specific NDO suppress the pulmonary inflammatory response in mice affected with house dust mite asthma and reduce tissue IL-33 levels via mechanisms involving regulatory T-cells. (uu.nl)
concluded that there was no evidence of clinical improvement in people with asthma using fish oil supplementation, despite some changes seen in inflammatory cell functions. (ispub.com)

Peritoneal mast cells have been implicated in the host response towards various bacterial insults and to provide mechanistic insight into the role of mast cells in intraperitoneal bacterial infection we here studied the global effects of S. aureus on mast cell gene expression. (uni-koeln.de)
After co-culture of peritoneal mast cells with live S. aureus we found by gene array analysis that they up-regulate a number of genes. (uni-koeln.de)
check the tag ADOLESCENCE HN - 2008 BX - Nutrition in Adolescence FX - Adolescent Nutrition Physiology MH - Peritoneal Stomata UI - D054048 MN - A01.047.025.600.700 MN - A10.810 MS - Natural openings in the subdiaphragmatic lymphatic plexus in the PERITONEUM, delimited by adjacent mesothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)

The present study also examined the expression of various inflammatory cytokines, MAPK and NF‑κB in TNF‑α/IFN‑γ‑stimulated HaCaT cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
SNL significantly reduced the levels of cytokines released from HaCaT cells stimulated with TNF‑α/IFN‑γ. (spandidos-publications.com)
From the Greek cyto (cavity or cell) and kine (movement), cytokines are proteins involved in cell signaling and function as immunomodulating agents. (cdc.gov)

CR1 and CR2 have been shown to influence the immune environment in a B-cell receptor-independent manner. (medscape.com)
Sustained signaling through the B-cell receptor induces Mcl-1 and promotes survival of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells. (southernbiotech.com)
Using this co-culture model, bacterial CpG DNA (a Toll like receptor 9 ligand) combined with NDO was found to effectively drive away from the allergic phenotype of the underlying immune cells by increasing epithelial release of galectin-9, a soluble type lectin known to neutralize IgE and instruct regulatory T-cells. (uu.nl)
Previous reports showed that store-operated Ca 2+ entry (SOCE) via the calcium sensor, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), regulates mast cell response induced by the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI). (figshare.com)
Recently, mast cell receptor MRGPRX2 has been identified as a cause of pseudo-allergic drug reactions. (cun.es)

Human endothelial cells regulate survival and proliferation of human mast cells. (southernbiotech.com)
Additionally, it has also been reported that IL-5 can stimulate the proliferation and/or differentiation of basophils and B cells. (rndsystems.com)

Mast cells play a critical role in type 1 hypersensitivity reactions. (researchgate.net)

14. Zizzo G, Hilliard BA, Monestier M, Cohen PL. Efficient clearance of early apoptotic cells by human macrophages requires M2c polarization and MerTK induction. (southernbiotech.com)

The co-culture model is now further extended using immune cells of peanut or cow's milk allergic donors and NDO are now used as adjunct therapy in allergen specific oral or subcutaneous immunotherapy in food allergic mice (STW NUTRALL). (uu.nl)
Mast cells are inflammatory immune cells that play an essential role in mediating allergic reactions in humans. (figshare.com)
There were also significant differences in microbial composition in dust samples and in innate immune cells between the two groups of children. (medscape.com)

Free radicals can cause damage in structural and metabolic components like lipids, proteins, enzymes, carbohydrates and DNA in cells and tissues. (hindawi.com)
This ultimately results in membrane damage, fragmentation, or random cross-linking of molecules like DNA, enzymes, and structural proteins and even lead to cell death induced by DNA fragmentation, lipid peroxidation and finally to cancer formation [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
There he worked with Dr. Max D. Cooper (Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Academy of Sciences) and his research focused on cell surface proteins expressed by preB cells that regulate B cell maturation and homing. (ubc.ca)
In addition, he identified a number of novel hematopoietic stem cell surface proteins and began analyzing their function. (ubc.ca)
His laboratory has followed two primary interests: 1) the transcription factor networks that regulate fate determination in various cells that make blood, and 2) the cell surface proteins expressed by hematopoietic stem cells that and allow them to communicate with their microenvironment. (ubc.ca)
In this regard, his lab has identified a novel family of hematopoietic cell surface proteins, called the CD34 family, and shown that these are essential for a number of developmentally important processes. (ubc.ca)

A monolayer of intestinal epithelial cells forms the interface between the intestinal content and the underlying mucosal immune system and may play a pivotal role in mucosal immune modulation via dietary components. (uu.nl)
Epithelial and immune cell homeostasis in the context of intestinal health and disease. (uc.edu)
He has delineated the function of these molecules in diverse set of biological processes including: 1) gut and kidney formation, 2) vascular permeability, 3) mucosal inflammatory disease, 4) stem cell homing and migration, and 5) epithelial tumor progression. (ubc.ca)

Comparative immunophenotypic analysis of human mast cells, blood basophils and monocytes. (bdbiosciences.com)
Dendritic cell ontogeny: a human dendritic cell lineage of myeloid origin. (bdbiosciences.com)
Fructo-oligosaccharides modify human DC maturation and peanut induced autologous T-cell response of allergic patients in vitro. (uu.nl)
In addition to the cDNA clone encoding the full-length transmembrane protein, cDNA clones that arise from alternative splicing and that encode soluble secreted forms of IL-5 R alpha have been isolated from mouse as well as human cells. (rndsystems.com)
In this study, using complementary pharmacologic and genetic ablation approaches we demonstrate that SOCE through STIM1 promotes MRGPRX2-induced human mast cell response in vitro. (figshare.com)

Collectively, our data suggests that MRGPRX2/MrgprB2 activation of mast cells is dependent on SOCE via STIM1, and further characterization of the MRGPRX2-SOCE-STIM1 pathway will lead to the identification of novel targets for the treatment of pseudo-allergic reactions in humans. (figshare.com)
In conclusion, MRGPRX2 is a candidate for consideration in non-IgE-mediated allergic reactions to some perioperative drugs, reinforcing its role in mast cell responses and their pathophysiology. (cun.es)

Through gene knockout studies he has shown that these molecules act as a type of molecular "Teflon" to make cells more mobile and invasive and also facilitate chemotaxis. (ubc.ca)

Neonatal murine epidermal cells express a functional multidrug-resistant pump. (southernbiotech.com)

This is in contrast to previous studies in which an impact of mast cells on bacterial infection has been proposed based on the use of mice whose mast cell deficiency is a consequence of defective c-Kit signalling. (uni-koeln.de)
Staphylococcus aureus was injected intraperitoneally into mast-cell-deficient Mcpt5-Cre(+) x R-DTA mice using littermate mast-cell-sufficient mice as controls. (uni-koeln.de)
We did not observe any difference between mast-cell-deficient and control mice with regard to weight loss, bacterial clearance, inflammation or cytokine production. (uni-koeln.de)
The CD123 antibody, clone 9F5, is derived from the hybridization of NS-1 mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells isolated from BALB/c mice immunized with IL-3Rα-transfected COS cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Beyond NDO also n-3 LCPUFA, such as present in fish oil, effectively suppress food allergy in mice via induction of regulatory T-cells which was confirmed in an adaptive transfer study. (uu.nl)
A naturally-occurring soluble form of the IL-5 R alpha has been detected in biological fluids of autoimmune-prone mice and mice bearing chronic B cell leukemia (BCL 1 ). (rndsystems.com)
Herein, we investigated the effects of G-Rh2 on OVA -induced asthmatic mice and on mast cell -mediated anaphylaxis . (bvsalud.org)

7. Schmalz G. Use of cell cultures for toxicity testing of dental materials advantages and limitations. (bvsalud.org)

A qualitative in vitro metabolism profile of PH46A was investigated in preclinical studies, and the rate of its metabolism in cryopreserved hepatocytes prepared from male Sprague Dawley rat, Beagle dog, Cynomolgus monkey and pooled. (researchgate.net)

Additionally, this compound may inhibit mast cell-dependent smooth muscle contraction of the aorta. (wikipedia.org)

show that this approach can detect characteristic changes that affect blood cells as a result of malaria, spherocytosis, bacterial and viral infections, and leukemia. (elifesciences.org)
RUNX1-positive leukemia cells in preclinical models. (lu.se)

Recent studies show that ROS also have a role in cell signaling, including apoptosis, gene expression and the activation of cell signaling cascades [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)

[ 2 ] T cell-derived complement C3a and CD46 activation is required for Th1 induction. (medscape.com)
The concept that disease rooted principally in chronic aberrant constitutive and reactive activation of mast cells (MCs), without the gross MC neoplasia in mastocytosis, first emerged in the 1980s, but only in the last decade has recognition of "mast cell activation syndrome" (MCAS) grown significantly. (degruyter.com)
Subsequent literature regarding this newly recognized (but of course not truly new) "mast cell activation syndrome" (MCAS) included case reports as well as formal studies (mostly relatively small scale), reviews, and various proposals for formal diagnostic criteria. (degruyter.com)
It is well-known that mast cell activation is critically regulated by intracellular calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) concentrations. (figshare.com)
Epigenomics with a focus on the mechanisms of epigenetic regulation involved in T helper cell activation, tolerance and memory. (uc.edu)
Interestingly, G-Rh2 was involved in the FcÎµRI pathway activation of mast cells and the transduction of the Lyn/Syk signaling pathway. (bvsalud.org)
Meanwhile, G-Rh2 reduced the levels of p-AKT, p38MAPK and Nrf2 in RBL-2H3 sensitized IgE cells and inhibited NF-κB signaling pathway activation by activating the AKT-Nrf2 and p38MAPK-Nrf2 pathways. (bvsalud.org)

CD117 by immunohistochemical methods sion molecules, involved in cell-cell and in order to clarify the role of the infiltrating cell matrix interactions and thought to take inflammatory cells in the pathomechanisms part in cell motility [ 2,3 ]. (who.int)

In addition, SNL significantly reduced the level of serum IgE and dermal thickness and the infiltration of mast cells and CD8 in the BALB/c mouse model of DNCB‑induced AD. (spandidos-publications.com)

Studies show that cromolyn sodium indirectly blocks calcium ions from entering the mast cell, thereby preventing mediator release. (nih.gov)
This approach takes previous results of mechanical studies on specifically isolated blood cells to the level of application directly in blood and adds a functional dimension to conventional blood analysis. (elifesciences.org)

Research conducted on these species using modern analytical methods has led to advances in knowledge of the potential therapeutic use of compounds isolated not only from basidiocarps but also from biomass obtained by in vitro methods. (researchgate.net)

A first routine measure to narrow down diagnosis in clinical practice is the differential blood count, determining the frequency of all major blood cells. (elifesciences.org)
But there might be several reasons why the number of white blood cells has increased, so this information alone is often not enough for a specific diagnosis. (elifesciences.org)

We discuss the current knowledge about sex differences in migraine and its comorbidities, and focus on the potential role of mast cells (MCs) in both. (frontiersin.org)
1. Harriman GR, Kunimoto DY, Elliott JF, Paetkau V, Strober W. The role of IL-5 in IgA B cell differentiation. (southernbiotech.com)
We propose that the BPTI decamer, with a heparin chain threading the decamer channel, plays a functional role in the mast cell. (lu.se)
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a life-threate- disorders and to shed a light on the role of ning blistering skin disease in which pa- mast cells in autoimmune diseases [ 7 ]. (who.int)
Role of neutrophil extracellular la NETosis en las enfermedades infecciosas pulmonares. (bvsalud.org)

Similarities of T cell function in cell-mediated immunity and antibody production. (cdc.gov)

The living organism produces a stream of metabolic products, such as carbon dioxide or lactic acid, which interact specifically with each other and with the metal ions, modifying their concentrations inside cells and in the body fluids. (raypeat.com)

Inflammation leads to excessive uptake of calcium by cells, and is a factor in obesity, depression, and the degenerative diseases. (raypeat.com)

if an organ such as the heart is deprived of calcium for a short time, its cells lose their ability to respond normally to calcium, and instead they take up a large, toxic amount of calcium. (raypeat.com)
When cells are excited, stressed, or de-energized, they lose magnesium and potassium, and take up sodium and calcium. (raypeat.com)
The mitochondria can bind a certain amount of calcium during stress, but accumulating calcium can reach a point at which it inactivates the mitochondria, forcing cells to increase their inefficient glycolytic energy production, producing an excess of lactic acid. (raypeat.com)

The "pro-tolerogenic" antigen-loaded DC will migrate to draining mesenteric lymph nodes, where they will present the food protein-derived peptides to naive T cells and favour the induction of a subpopulation of T cells, namely regulatory T cells (Treg). (frontiersin.org)

Effects of G-Rh2 on mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis via AKT-Nrf2/NF-κB and MAPK-Nrf2/NF-κB pathways. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy11

Organisms6

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Phenomena and Processes6

Degranulation9

Vivo10

Basophil3

Mediators5

Lymphocytes6

Eosinophils2

Histamine9

Receptors7

Dendritic cells8

Assays2

Inhibits4

Asthma4

Peritoneal3

Cytokines3

Receptor5

Proliferation2

Type 1 hypersensitivi1

Macrophages1

Immune cells3

Proteins6

Epithelial3

Human5

MRGPRX22

Chemotaxis1

Murine1

Mice7

Toxicity1

Metabolism1

Additionally1

Leukemia2

Gene expression1

Activation7

Inflammatory cells1

Thickness1

Studies2

Therapeutic1

Diagnosis2

Role5

Antibody1

Concentrations1

Uptake1

Calcium3

Regulatory T cel1

Pathways1