AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and Processes
Immunoglobulin epsilon-ChainsMast CellsImmunoglobulin Heavy ChainsReceptors, IgEReceptors, FcImmunoglobulin EAntigens, Differentiation, B-LymphocyteGalectinsPerissodactylaImmunoglobulinsLeukemia, Basophilic, AcuteHistiocytic Disorders, MalignantBasophilsClone CellsReceptors, VirusProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorImmunoglobulin GB-LymphocytesMembrane ProteinsImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin MT-LymphocytesCell Degranulation
AntibodiesAllergen and mastBasophilsAffinityAntigenSubunitBindsMonoclonal antibodyDegranulationAntibodyLymphocytesDendritic cellsFCERISecreteMoleculeProliferationInflammatoryHypersensitivitySolubleCharacteristicAllergic responseProteinsGranulesTissueMoleculesGammaTumor cellsAllergyPhenotypesConsistsPeripheralAlphaProteinFcepsilonRIViabilityFibroblastsPlasmaGeneSpecificDiseasesHigh-levelBetaTissuesHeavyFormSecretionLevelsMIGRATIONHumanMousePlays
Antibodies12
  • Crosslinking of Fc receptor-bound IgE antibodies by multivalent antigens or allergens can induce phagocytosis or the cellular release of inflammatory mediators. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • B cells are lymphocytes that produce antibodies upon encountering an antigen or disease-causing pathogen and form the humoral immune response. (bioexplorer.net)
  • Antibodies, also known as Immunoglobulins , are glycoproteins produced by the B lymphocytes upon encountering a pathogenic substance. (bioexplorer.net)
  • These mature B cells are called Plasma cells which then secrete millions of antibodies into the bloodstream, thus activating the humoral immune response. (bioexplorer.net)
  • Mediates a process known as opsonization which refers to antibodies coating a pathogenic cell to lure the phagocyte toward the antigenic surface of the pathogen. (bioexplorer.net)
  • Together with B and T cells , antibodies comprise the most important part of the adaptive immune system . (wikipedia.org)
  • Initially, all antibodies are of the first form, attached to the surface of a B cell - these are then referred to as B-cell receptors (BCR). (wikipedia.org)
  • After an antigen binds to a BCR, the B cell activates to proliferate and differentiate into either plasma cells , which secrete soluble antibodies with the same paratope, or memory B cells , which survive in the body to enable long-lasting immunity to the antigen. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antibodies are glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily . (wikipedia.org)
  • Antibodies (immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM) are secreted by B-cells that are activated to plasma cells after antigen presentation in regional lymph nodes or secondary lymphoid organs ( Figure 1 ) [ 9 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) come from a single B-cell parent clone and recognize specifically a single epitope per antigen [ 10 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Antibodies are crucial to make leukocytes (such as T killer cells) to detect and destroy pathogens and infected host cells. (encyclopedia.pub)
Allergen and mast2
  • The IgE receptor couples allergen and mast cells to initiate the inflammatory responses that are characteristic of disorders such as hay fever and asthma. (thermofisher.com)
  • The high affinity IgE receptor plays a central role in allergic disease, coupling allergen and mast cell to initiate the inflammatory and immediate hypersensitivity responses that are characteristic of disorders such as hay fever and asthma. (wikipedia.org)
Basophils4
Affinity7
  • FceR1 (Fc epsilonR1 alpha) is a subunit of the high affinity receptor of IgE. (thermofisher.com)
  • When two or more high-affinity IgE receptors are brought together by allergen-bound IgE molecules, mediators such as histamine, which are responsible for allergy symptoms, are released. (thermofisher.com)
  • The high-affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI): a critical regulator of airway smooth muscle cells? (wikipedia.org)
  • A modeling study of the alpha-subunit of human high-affinity receptor for immunoglobulin-E". Receptor. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1994). "High-level expression of the truncated alpha chain of human high-affinity receptor for IgE as a soluble form by baculovirus-infected insect cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • IgE may bind through its constant region to cell surface receptors, such as the high-affinity (FcεRI) or low-affinity (FcεRII/CD23) receptors for IgE. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • In subjects with asthma, there is a correlation between serum IgE concentrations and both airway responsiveness and the number of high-affinity receptors. (respiratory-therapy.com)
Antigen4
  • The allergic response occurs when 2 or more IgE receptors are crosslinked via IgE molecules that in turn are bound to an allergen (antigen) molecule. (wikipedia.org)
  • IgE exists in a transmembrane form that is expressed by B lymphocytes and serves as an antigen receptor. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The antigen produces and displays specific molecules on its cell surface that the antibody recognizes. (bioexplorer.net)
  • This bronchospastic response to antigen is related to the release of inflammatory mediators from the pulmonary mast cell. (respiratory-therapy.com)
Subunit3
  • Description: The MAR-1 monoclonal antibody reacts with the Fc epsilon Receptor I alpha subunit, an IgE-binding subunit lacking signal-transducing ability. (thermofisher.com)
  • FcERI, also known as FCER1A, is the alpha subunit of the immunoglobulin epsilon receptor (IgE receptor). (assaygenie.com)
  • IgE receptor is comprised of an alpha subunit(FcERI), a beta subunit, and two gamma subunits. (assaygenie.com)
Binds1
  • S1P binds to G-protein-coupled receptors (S1PR1-5) to regulate cellular events, including Ca2+ signaling. (bvsalud.org)
Monoclonal antibody2
  • The G7-26 monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes the constant region of human Immunoglobulin E (IgE). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The first technique described in 1975 was based on creating a hybridoma by combining an activated B-cell from an immunized animal spleen and immortalized myeloma cell, resulting in a stable hybrid cell line producing monoclonal antibody [ 11 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Degranulation1
Antibody10
  • Applications Tested: The MAR-1 antibody has been tested by flow cytometric analysis of the MC/9 cell line (a mouse mast cell line). (thermofisher.com)
  • A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. (thermofisher.com)
  • therefore, antibody preparations containing this preservative agent must not be used in cell cultures nor injected into animals. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Sodium azide may be removed by washing stained cells or plate-bound antibody or dialyzing soluble antibody in sodium azide-free buffer. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Five antibody or immunoglobulins classes are categorized by their constant region differences. (bioexplorer.net)
  • The IgA1 antibody, also called secretory immunoglobulin or sIgA, is most commonly found in secretions in high quantities. (bioexplorer.net)
  • An antibody ( Ab ), also known as an immunoglobulin ( Ig ), [1] is a large, Y-shaped protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses . (wikipedia.org)
  • Using this binding mechanism, an antibody can tag a microbe or an infected cell for attack by other parts of the immune system, or can neutralize it directly (for example, by blocking a part of a virus that is essential for its invasion). (wikipedia.org)
  • The terms antibody and immunoglobulin are often used interchangeably, [1] though the term 'antibody' is sometimes reserved for the secreted, soluble form, i.e. excluding B-cell receptors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mouse anti Rat CD63 antibody 6H1 ( MCA4754GA ) used to demonstrate CD63 expressing cells by immunofluorescence. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Lymphocytes2
  • T cells are lymphocytes that bear T cell receptors on their surface and are part of the cell-mediated immune response. (bioexplorer.net)
  • The key inflammatory cells involved in the genesis of asthma are mast cells, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and epithelial cells. (respiratory-therapy.com)
Dendritic cells1
  • FcεRII/CD23 is expressed by B cells and by some other cell types including T cells, monocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, follicular dendritic cells, and Langerhans cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
FCERI1
  • FcERI is glycosylated and contains 2 Ig-like (immunoglobulin-like) domains. (assaygenie.com)
Secrete1
  • These cells frequently secrete a structurally homogeneous immunoglobulin (M-component) and/or an abnormal immunoglobulin. (lookformedical.com)
Molecule1
Proliferation3
  • A group of related diseases characterized by an unbalanced or disproportionate proliferation of immunoglobulin-producing cells, usually from a single clone. (lookformedical.com)
  • Because sphingosine kinase isoform 1 (SK) recently has been implicated as an oncogene in various cancer cell systems, we investigated the functions of SK in the migration, proliferation and adhesion of the ML-1 cell line. (bvsalud.org)
  • Measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF-1 human erythroleukemic cells. (medchemexpress.com)
Inflammatory1
  • Upon exposure to an initiating stimulus (an asthma inducer), these inflammatory cells release inflammatory mediators such as histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, cytokines, chemokines, and platelet-activating factor. (respiratory-therapy.com)
Hypersensitivity1
  • A perturbation occurs that brings about the release of histamine and proteases from the granules in the cytoplasm of the mast cell and leads to the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes-potent effectors of the hypersensitivity response. (wikipedia.org)
Soluble2
  • Soluble IgE is produced and secreted by activated B cells and plasma cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • They occur in two forms: one that is attached to a B cell , and the other, a soluble form, that is unattached and found in extracellular fluids such as blood plasma . (wikipedia.org)
Characteristic1
Allergic response1
  • The Fc epsilonR1 complex plays an important role in triggering allergic responses, and the immunoglobulin epsilon receptor (IgE receptor) is the initiator of the allergic response. (thermofisher.com)
Proteins3
  • It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. (lookformedical.com)
  • Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) induces migration of the human thyroid follicular carcinoma cell line ML-1 by activation of S1P(1) and S1P(3) receptors, G(i) proteins, and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt pathway. (bvsalud.org)
  • Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. (medchemexpress.com)
Granules2
  • 8] As such, tryptase is specific to mast cell granules and can provide information about mast cell number, distribution, and activation depending on the clinical context. (medscape.com)
  • Main storage form found in mast cell granules. (medscape.com)
Tissue2
  • Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • Klapholz-Brown Z, Walmsley GG, Nusse YM, Nusse R, Brown PO "Transcriptional program induced by wnt protein in human fibroblasts suggests mechanisms for cell cooperativity in defining tissue microenvironments. (openwetware.org)
Molecules1
  • When a foreign substance such as a toxin or a pathogen enters the body, circulating B cells recognize certain cell-surface antigenic molecules and bind to them. (bioexplorer.net)
Gamma2
  • Fc epsilon RI alpha forms a tetrameric complex with one beta and two gamma subunits. (thermofisher.com)
  • The human tryptase gene is encoded on chromosome 16 and codes for four isoenzymes: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon (Table 1). (medscape.com)
Tumor cells1
Allergy1
  • They can be subdivided based on such as age of onset, presence of allergy (skin prick test or systemic allergen specific immunoglobulin E (IgE)), with or without nasal polyps and/or T helper (Th) cell 2 prominent inflammation. (encyclopedia.pub)
Phenotypes1
  • 24 h) stimulates the malignant phenotypes of PCa cells and activates PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in PCa cells [6] . (medchemexpress.com)
Consists1
  • Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. (lookformedical.com)
Peripheral2
  • A rare, aggressive variant of MULTIPLE MYELOMA characterized by the circulation of excessive PLASMA CELLS in the peripheral blood. (lookformedical.com)
  • Palmer C, Diehn M, Alizadeh AA, Brown PO "Cell-type specific gene expression profiles of leukocytes in human peripheral blood. (openwetware.org)
Alpha3
  • Kubota T, Mukai K, Minegishi Y, Karasuyama H. Different stabilities of the structurally related receptors for IgE and IgG on the cell surface are determined by length of the stalk region in their alpha-chains. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Inhibition of protein kinase C alpha, with both small interfering RNA (siRNA) and small molecular inhibitors attenuates migration in SK overexpressing cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Taken together, we present evidence suggesting that SK enhances migration of ML-1 cells by an autocrine mechanism and that the S1P-evoked migration is dependent on protein kinase C alpha, ERK1/2, and SK. (bvsalud.org)
Protein3
  • Conditions characterized by the presence of M protein (Monoclonal protein) in serum or urine without clinical manifestations of plasma cell dyscrasia. (lookformedical.com)
  • SK overexpressing ML-1 cells show an enhanced secretion of S1P, which can be attenuated, by inhibiting SK activity and a multidrug-resistant transport protein (ATP-binding cassette transporter). (bvsalud.org)
  • IL-17F Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is a recombinant human IL-17F protein with His tag at the C-terminus and is expressed in HEK293 cells. (medchemexpress.com)
FcepsilonRI1
  • Foster B, Metcalfe DD, Prussin C. Human dendritic cell 1 and dendritic cell 2 subsets express FcepsilonRI: correlation with serum IgE and allergic asthma. (bdbiosciences.com)
Viability1
Fibroblasts1
  • In cultured primary fibroblasts and cancer cells, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin causes mtDNA damage and release, which leads to cGAS STING dependent ISG activation. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Plasma2
  • A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. (lookformedical.com)
  • Any discrete, presumably solitary, mass of neoplastic PLASMA CELLS either in BONE MARROW or various extramedullary sites. (lookformedical.com)
Gene1
  • Sääf AM, Halbleib JM, Chen X, Tsan Yuen S, Yi Leung S, Nelson WJ, Brown PO "Parallels between Global Transcriptional Programs of Polarizing Caco-2 Intestinal Epithelial Cells In Vitro and Gene Expression Programs in Normal and Colon Cancer. (openwetware.org)
Specific2
  • Clone-specific). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • As such, determinations of tryptase levels are contingent on both the size and activation status of an individual's mast cell population but is not informative of the specific contribution of either of these factors. (medscape.com)
Diseases1
High-level1
  • CD2 identifies a monocyte subpopulation with immunoglobulin E-dependent, high-level expression of Fc epsilon RI. (bdbiosciences.com)
Beta1
  • Of the four isoenzymes, beta tryptase is the predominant form stored in the mast cell granule where it is complexed as a tetramer stabilized by proteoglycans namely heparin. (medscape.com)
Tissues1
  • Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Heavy1
  • It does not crossreact with other immunoglobulin heavy chain isotypes. (bdbiosciences.com)
Form1
  • This process causes the B cells to divide rapidly and form a group of identical mature B cells called a clone . (bioexplorer.net)
Secretion2
  • Furthermore, overexpression of SK enhances serum-induced migration of ML-1 cells, which can be attenuated by blocking ATP-binding cassette transporter and SK, suggesting that the migration is mediated by autocrine signaling through secretion of S1P. (bvsalud.org)
  • 16-24 h) induces GRO-α, IL-6, and IL-8 secretion in human primary foreskin fibroblast (BJ) cells [5] . (medchemexpress.com)
Levels1
  • Tryptase levels of 11.5 ng/mL or greater are indicative of either mast cell activation (as in anaphylaxis) or increased total mast cell levels (as in mastocytosis). (medscape.com)
MIGRATION1
  • Moreover, SK1 overexpression enhances cellular respiration and cell migration. (bvsalud.org)
Human1
  • Soen Y, Mori A, Palmer TD, Brown PO "Exploring the regulation of human neural precursor cell differentiation using arrays of signaling microenvironments. (openwetware.org)
Mouse1
  • In addition, mtDNA stress in TFAM-deficient mouse melanoma cells produces tumours that are more resistant to doxorubicin in vivo. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Plays1
  • The Fc epsilon RI complex plays an important role in triggering IgE-mediated allergic reactions. (thermofisher.com)