• Spinal nerve root tumors can arise throughout the spine and at multiple levels, likely representing plexiform neurofibromas that grow from the nerve root into the intraspinal space either intradurally or epidurally and exit through the neural foramen, producing a dumbbell-shaped appearance. (thieme-connect.com)
  • 8 Ozawa H, Kokubun S, Aizawa T, Hoshikawa T, Kawahara C. Spinal dumbbell tumors: an analysis of a series of 118 cases. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Brain and Spinal Tumors: Primary and Secondary. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Intramedullary spinal cord tumors, both primary CNS and metastatic (especially renal cell carcinoma), can also bleed and lead to hematomyelia. (medscape.com)
  • Spinal manifestations of NF1 include bone changes such as acute kyphoscoliosis at the cervical-thoracic junction and vertebral body anomalies, soft-tissue abnormalities such as dural ectasia and lateral meningocele, and various spinal tumors. (ajnr.org)
  • Spinal cord lipomas are rare lesions, representing less than 1% of all spinal cord tumors. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • The cause of primary spinal tumors is unknown. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Some primary spinal tumors occur with certain inherited gene mutations. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Chemotherapy has not been proven effective against most primary spinal tumors, but it may be recommended in some cases, depending on the type of tumor. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A spinal cord infarction occurs much more frequently as a result of blockages in the arteries caused by tumors, aortic aneurysms or aortic dissections. (medicinelearners.com)
  • Spinal cord tumors: Tumors that develop within the spinal cord and can cause compression and damage to the spinal cord. (medicaltalk.net)
  • Left extradural extension of the mass causing a moderate/severe compressive myelopathy in T7-T8. (proton-vet.com)
  • To treat myelopathy and ossified posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), there are two approaches that can expand the spinal canal. (wikipedia.org)
  • Wobbler syndrome (cervical vertebral compressive myelopathy, CVCM) - Compression of the spinal cord in the cervical, or neck, region by the vertebrae and associated soft tissues. (thehorse.com)
  • Spinal cord hemorrhage usually presents as sudden, painful myelopathy, which may reflect the anatomic level of the hemorrhage. (medscape.com)
  • C2 odontoid pseudotumor causing spinal cord compression and myelopathy: current evidence on the role of posterior C1-C2 fixation and C1 posterior decompression. (unict.it)
  • It showed multiloculated cystic mass (11×1.5×1 cm) in spinal canal at posterior and right posterolateral region from C1 to T2 level with mass effect on spinal cord and compressive myelopathy at C6 to 7 at right side ( Fig. 1 ). (sch.ac.kr)
  • This undersupply leads to a so-called spinal cord infarction, also known as ischemic myelopathy. (medicinelearners.com)
  • It is a combination of these factors that usually lead to a narrowing of the spinal canal in the neck, eventually leading to pressure on the spinal cord and cervical myelopathy. (spinaldisccenter.com)
  • A mass at the level of thoracic vertebrae is detected during the general physical examination. (proton-vet.com)
  • Thoracic spinal mass affecting the spinous processes and the dorsal lamina of the vertebral bodies of T6 and T7, with bone, soft tissue and fat attenuating components. (proton-vet.com)
  • Hematomyelia more commonly involves the cervical rather than thoracic or lumbar spinal cord. (medscape.com)
  • Here, we present a 43-year-old male with an extradural thoracic MPNST contributing to marked cord compression and a progressive paraparesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • The MRI showed a posterior T2-T4 extradural tumor in the thoracic spine resulting in significant cord compression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Immunohistochemistry staining supported the diagnosis of thoracic spinal MPNST. (bvsalud.org)
  • Fracture dislocations of the thoracic and lumbar spine comprise less than 3% of all spinal injuries 5 . (hpathy.com)
  • Spinal cord MRI was done immediately after because we suspected cervical and thoracic spinal cord compression. (sch.ac.kr)
  • Note that the spinal cord level doesn't line up precisely with the corresponding vertebrae, especially caudal to the thoracic spine. (emcrit.org)
  • Here, the authors describe a 50-year-old male with an aggressive ENB, initially treated with resection and chemotherapy/radiation, who developed multiple thoracic and lumbar spinal metastases. (thejns.org)
  • Pain in your back and neck can be the result of conditions that affect the vertebrae of your cervical spine (neck), thoracic spine (upper back), and/or lumbar spine (lower back), the discs between the vertebra, and/or the ligaments, spinal cord, and nerves around the area. (spinaldisccenter.com)
  • En bloc laminoplasty decompresses the spine by making the laminae act as a flap, and this flap hovered over the cord without sutures or bone grafts. (wikipedia.org)
  • In order to stabilize spinal movement, there are many ligaments throughout the spine to hold the vertebrae and intervertebral discs together. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because spinal cord compressions in MM occur at multiple levels, comprehensive evaluation of the spine is warranted. (medscape.com)
  • Spine infections are rare infections that can involve the intervertebral disc space (discitis), the vertebral bones, the spinal canal or adjacent soft tissues. (wheelessonline.com)
  • CT scan of the cervical spine, showing a calcified mass at the transverse ligament at baseline (A) and 2 months later (B). (medscape.com)
  • Sagittal view of the cervical spine at baseline (C) and 2 months later (D), showing fragmentation and partial dissolution of the mass. (medscape.com)
  • Spinal lipomas are usually extramedullary lesions, and are typically found in the lumbosacral spine with spinal dysraphism. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • The cervical and lumbar portion of the vertebrae is commonly affected by the dysfunction because it is the most flexible areas of the spine where bending of the vertebral column and support of the mass are greatest. (ukessays.com)
  • Dr. Rowe also noted the need to look for other spinal conditions, such as instability of the cervical spine and instability of the craniocervical junction. (biobans.com)
  • Compression fractures of the thoracolumbar spine have a flexion compression mechanism of injury. (hpathy.com)
  • Injuries to the spine include the bone (vertebrae), soft tissue and the spinal cord itself. (hpathy.com)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be necessary to assess cord compression when the spine is involved. (medscape.com)
  • North Shore patients requiring spine surgery or back pain surgery will find world-class care at Salem Hospital, a. member of Mass General Brigham. (massgeneralbrigham.org)
  • Basilar impression: Upward displacement, particularly of the uppermost part of the cervical spine, into the region of the posterior fossa often producing compression of the brainstem and portions of the cerebellum. (chiariproject.org)
  • The most common fracture caused by osteoporosis occurs in the spine and is called a vertebral compression fracture (VCF). (todaysgeriatricmedicine.com)
  • Lhermitte's sign (an electric-shock sensation elicited by neck flexion that runs down the spine and sometimes into the limbs) suggests involvement of the posterior columns of the cervical spinal cord. (emcrit.org)
  • If any of these areas of the body are put in a uneasy location, it may possibly place greater force on the spine muscle mass and might cause slipped dvds, a distressing affliction that may badly reduce the movement of spine ligament. (omeumundo.fun)
  • During a cervical fusion, two or more damaged vertebral bodies are fused, increasing spinal stability and decreasing the pain associated with abnormal movement of the joints of the cervical spine. (stlbrainandspine.com)
  • Posterior Cervical fusion is accomplished by placing screws in the lateral masses of the cervical spine, connected with rods to fuse the joint to inhibit unwanted motion that may be causing pain. (stlbrainandspine.com)
  • CT scan helps to visualize a detailed image of the spine and also check the narrowing of the spinal cord. (santripty.com)
  • Immediate care Trauma to the spine may cause injuries involving the spinal cord, vertebrae, or both. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Physical injury to the spine or spinal surgeries can result in arachnoiditis. (spineinfo.com)
  • These approaches are the anterior approach which is a direct removal of the cord compressing lesion, or a posterior approach which is an indirect decompression of the spinal cord. (wikipedia.org)
  • For perfusion, three longitudinal vessels form an anastomotic network that supplies the spinal cord: two posterior spinal arteries, and the anterior spinal artery. (medscape.com)
  • The blood flow to the posterior spinal arteries originates from intradural vertebral arteries, which are from medullary segments of the posterior inferior cerebellar arteries and segmental radiculopial arteries. (medscape.com)
  • The posterior spinal arteries give rise to the "vasocorona," which eventually branches into peripheral arteries and mainly supplies the white matter of the spinal cord. (medscape.com)
  • Anterior and posterior median spinal veins drain the anterior and posterior regions of the spinal cord, respectively. (medscape.com)
  • This was a retrospective study of 10 cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI), concomitant with ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), that were treated by the author at Sanglah General Hospital-Bali during 2013-2014. (ejournals.ca)
  • CT showed a calcified mass posterior to the odontoid process, which was the reason for referral. (medscape.com)
  • Mechanism: C1 compression (e.g., diving into shallow waters) causing burst Fx-classically 4-parts of the anterior and posterior arch of C1. (elpasochiropractorblog.com)
  • Arteriosclerosis or an embolism can restrict the blood supply to the anterior (belly) located anterior spinal artery and the posterior (back) located spinal artery. (medicinelearners.com)
  • Facet syndrome is a common spinal disorder affecting the posterior joints that results in pain, stiffness and inflammation. (indianapolisdisccenter.com)
  • The procedure involves cutting the lamina on both sides of the affected vertebrae (cutting through on one side and merely cutting a groove on the other) and then "swinging" the freed flap of bone open thus relieving the pressure on the spinal cord. (wikipedia.org)
  • In other cases, part of the tumor may be removed to relieve pressure on the spinal cord. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Primary spinal infections are described as infections of the vertebrae that are not secondary to an operation. (wheelessonline.com)
  • The lady had been diagnosed with a rare intradural extramedullary tumour (A spinal cord tumour that causes spinal cord compression) on dorsal vertebrae 7 (D7). (rubyhospital.com)
  • This may lead to compression of your vertebrae bone tissues and vertebrae, contributing to ache, swelling, and fluctuations. (omeumundo.fun)
  • This takes place if a narrowing on the vertebrae canal brings about an "opening" allowing the vertebrae to get inflammed and red-looking. (omeumundo.fun)
  • This is a multifactorial disease where the cervical vertebrae have bony growth malformations and narrowing of the vertebral canal. (besthorserider.com)
  • Diagnostic workup included magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the neck, which revealed an intradural, extramedullary tumor mass at the right C2-C6 level with an extraspinal extension. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Postoperative T2-weighted MR shows a tumor in the spinal canal that was removed, but there is a residual C2/3 foraminal tumor (white arrow heads) (c: Sagittal and d: Axial). (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Review of the CT scan and a new MRI scan suggested a calcified intra- or extrathecal mass, possibly hemangioma, meningioma , or other tumor at the transverse ligament of the atlas. (medscape.com)
  • A spinal tumor is a growth of cells (mass) in or around the spinal cord. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The tumor may press on the spinal cord or nerve roots, causing damage. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Go to the emergency room or call 911 or the local emergency number if you develop new symptoms, or your symptoms get worse during the treatment of a spinal tumor. (medlineplus.gov)
  • When the MRI revealed severe cord epidural C6-T1 cord compression, the patient successfully underwent a C6-T1 laminectomy for gross total tumor excision followed by a C6-T2 instrumented fusion. (bvsalud.org)
  • Conclusion: Spinal JXGs in adults are only rarely encountered and should be treated with gross total tumor excision with/without fusion to achieve the best long-term outcomes. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSION: Rarely, spinal MPNST can be considered amongst the differential diagnoses of an extradural spinal tumor. (bvsalud.org)
  • Some factors such as individual treatment strategy, according to the histology of the primary tumor, plan of treatment strategies carried out in a multidisciplinary manner, risk-benefit of radiotherapy, assessment of the degree of spinal instability, improvement in communication and referral between specialists in oncology showed an increase in the survival of these patients. (bvsalud.org)
  • The authors performed targeted exome sequencing on both the resected primary tumor and biopsied spinal metastases, which revealed 12 total variants of unknown clinical significance in genes associated with the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, chromatin remodeling, DNA repair, and cell proliferation. (thejns.org)
  • Acute compression may follow subacute and chronic compression, especially if the cause is abscess or tumor. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Epidural spinal cord compression: This occurs when a tumor or other mass compresses the spinal cord from the outside. (medicaltalk.net)
  • Specifically, there is no intramedullary mass, syrinx or demyelinating lesion…C5-C6: There is left paracentral disc herniation indenting upon the ventral thecal sac and flattening the left hemicord. (neckandback.com)
  • Summary of intramedullary spinal cord hemorrhage etiologies, with history and associated clues, common imaging findings, and representative management. (medscape.com)
  • Intramedullary, nondysraphic, spinal cord lipomas are rare and account for less than 1% of all spinal cord lesions. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Truly intramedullary spinal cord lipomas are rare, comprising less than 1% of all spinal cord lesions. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an intradural, intramedullary mass extending from C5 to T2 (6.2 × 1.3 cm), causing a severe cord compression without spinal dysraphism [ Figure 1 ]. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • a and b) preoperative T1-weighted MRI showing a hyperintense intramedullary mass extending from C5 to D2 with compression and dislocation of the spinal cord. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Compression is caused far more commonly by lesions outside the spinal cord (extramedullary) than by lesions within it (intramedullary). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Vertebral Compression Fractures Most vertebral compression fractures are a consequence of osteoporosis, are asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic, and occur with no or minimal trauma. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Computed tomography revealed a large, homogeneous, hypoattenuating, noncontrast enhancing mass within the left epaxial muscles that invaded the L5-6 vertebral canal and caused spinal cord compression. (avmi.net)
  • The mass protrudes into the region of the left intervertebral foramen, at the level of T6-T7 (orange arrow), and enters the left intervertebral foramen of T7-T8 as an extradural lesion, occupying the vertebral canal. (proton-vet.com)
  • This lesion causes a marked compression and displacement of the spinal cord (blue arrow), occupying up to 70% of the diameter of the vertebral canal at the level of the intervertebral space of T7-T8. (proton-vet.com)
  • neurologic deficits tend to be quite infrequent, because such a fracture does not involve retropulsion of bone fragments into the vertebral canal 8, 9 . (hpathy.com)
  • Due to the patient's age, intradural extramedullary location, and uniform enhancement seen on MRI, multiple spinal meningiomas are also considered. (medicaltrend.org)
  • The few spinal cord lipoma cases reported in the literature are typically extramedullary lesions. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Aseptic meningitis: Inflammation of the membranes (meninges) that cover the brain and spinal cord. (chiariproject.org)
  • Central nervous system: The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord, which coordinates the entire nervous system of the body. (chiariproject.org)
  • Arachnoiditis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the arachnoid membrane, which is one of the three protective layers (meninges) that surround and encase the brain and spinal cord . (spineinfo.com)
  • Normal voiding is essentially a spinal reflex modulated by the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), which coordinates function of the bladder and urethra. (medscape.com)
  • The symptoms that should alert physicians to consider spinal cord compression are back pain, weakness, numbness, or dysesthesias in the extremities. (medscape.com)
  • Dissolution of part of the mass most suggested HA deposition disease (HADD), an hypothesis supported by the acute nature of pain symptoms, similar to that of calcific tendonitis occurring in other sites. (medscape.com)
  • These symptoms are based on a lack of or insufficient blood flow, which means that the spinal cord can no longer transmit signals from the brain. (medicinelearners.com)
  • Myelopathies are a group of conditions that affect the spinal cord and result in various symptoms, such as muscle weakness, sensory loss, and gait disturbances. (medicaltalk.net)
  • Transverse myelitis: Inflammation of the spinal cord that can result in motor and sensory symptoms. (medicaltalk.net)
  • This is particularly true for people who display advanced symptoms that indicate nerve and spinal cord compression. (spinaldisccenter.com)
  • This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of spinal arachnoiditis, including its causes, symptoms, and available treatment options. (spineinfo.com)
  • The most likely cause of a spinal compression fracture in those without osteoporosis is severe trauma, such as from an automobile accident or a fall from a great height 3 . (hpathy.com)
  • Geriatric physicians should include vertebral augmentation as a top choice for patients with osteoporosis who suffer from a vertebral compression fracture. (todaysgeriatricmedicine.com)
  • A VCF can occur when the building absorbs external compression-something like a traumatic accident can be the culprit-but as the bone mass weakens, the structure of the building becomes more brittle and is less resistant to compression, meaning that activities as simple as twisting or sneezing can cause a fracture. (todaysgeriatricmedicine.com)
  • In addition to lower quality of life, if the conservative treatment is not effective in correcting the fracture, this can result in further serious health risks such as impaired gait and poor balance, spinal deformity, reduced lung functions, and gastric distress. (todaysgeriatricmedicine.com)
  • Spinal causes include conditions that require urgent management to prevent or minimize permanent neurological dysfunction (e.g., spinal cord compression , spinal infections ) and nonurgent causes (e.g., inflammatory arthritis , bone metastases without cord compression or unstable vertebral fracture ). (amboss.com)
  • A spinal fracture happens when a vertebral body collapses. (physio-pedia.com)
  • The vertebral bodies which help support the weight of the upper body can break resulting in a compression fracture. (indianapolisdisccenter.com)
  • The most common complication of osteoporosis is compression fracture. (indianapolisdisccenter.com)
  • [ 1 ] Spinal cord hemorrhage is most commonly caused by trauma, vascular malformations, or bleeding diatheses. (medscape.com)
  • With trauma, shear forces acting upon the spinal cord and surrounding structures may lead to hemorrhage and vascular damage. (medscape.com)
  • Autopsy studies demonstrate the hemorrhagic necrosis of the spinal cord that is caused by trauma. (medscape.com)
  • Three major routes of spread are: (1) hematogenous spread from a distant infection, (2) direct inoculation from trauma, (3) direct inoculation following invasive spinal diagnostic procedures and from spinal surgery. (wheelessonline.com)
  • 5 ] before the 5th year of life, with tetraplegia or floppy baby syndrome (probably due to a birth-trauma of the spinal cord[ 6 7 ] or to a greater amount of fat tissue developing during the childhood[ 4 ]) or between the 2nd and the 5th decades of life. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • A spinal subdural or epidural hematoma may result from back trauma, anticoagulation or thrombolytic therapy, or, in patients with bleeding diathesis, lumbar puncture [ 1 ]. (sch.ac.kr)
  • Sensory stimulation is recognized and processed through the spinal cord, these include pain and temperature, touch, and proprioception. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our body's entire neural network sends any of this sensory information to the spinal cord to process. (wikipedia.org)
  • Owing to the large diameter of the spinal cord in this region, neurological failures resulting in paralyses or sensory disorders are the most common result of injuries sustained in this spinal region. (usz.ch)
  • Ascending tracts: Groups of nerve fibers in the spinal cord that transmit sensory impulses upward to the brain. (chiariproject.org)
  • Therefore, a sensory level to light touch may be absent unless both of these are involved (e.g., a complete injury that involves all spinal cord tracts). (emcrit.org)
  • Evaluating for a sensory level using a pin to detect pain sensation is more sensitive to detect a spinal level originating from a lesion in the spinothalamic tract. (emcrit.org)
  • Patients with partial cord involvement may fail to display a sensory level. (emcrit.org)
  • The sources of ataxia within the nervous system include spinal cord sensory pathways, vestibular system and the cerebellum. (vin.com)
  • Spinal cord sensory ataxia involves the ascending spinal cord pathways causing ataxia and usually postural reaction deficits. (vin.com)
  • Since disorders affecting these ascending pathways often involve the descending motor tracts or the upper motor neuron (UMN), the spinal cord sensory ataxia is often associated with UMN signs including paresis, normal to increased spinal reflexes, normal to increased tone and disuse atrophy. (vin.com)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans (fig 2) demonstrated dilation of the entire length of the nasolacrimal bony canal with a soft tissue mass occupying the lumen of the nasolacrimal duct. (bmj.com)
  • Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is extremely rare. (sch.ac.kr)
  • Detailed neurologic examination and spinal magnetic resonance imaging identified extensive, spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma. (sch.ac.kr)
  • We report sudden hemiplegia by extensive, spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma in an anticoagulated patient with therapeutic range INR. (sch.ac.kr)
  • Surgical principles for spinal and paraspinal neurofibromas. (thieme-connect.com)
  • 12 Ito K, Aoyama T, Miyaoka Y, Horiuchi T, Hongo K. Surgical strategies for cervical spinal neurinomas. (thieme-connect.com)
  • This surgical procedure is also commonly performed in order to remove pressure from the spinal cord in the neck, which may be due to various reasons. (wikipedia.org)
  • The study was carried out to exhaust the scientific literature regarding surgery associated with radiotherapy in patients suffering from metastatic spinal cord compression and to assist in the decision of oncology physicians and professionals in choosing the best treatment for the patient. (bvsalud.org)
  • The researchers carried out a descriptive study using bibliometric and scientometric methods and found that the combination of surgery with postoperative radiotherapy is effective and more efficient than these alone for the treatment of patients affected by metastatic neurological compression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Blood flows from the anterior spinal artery into medullary branches of the intradural vertebral arteries, and subsequently into segmental radiculomedullary arteries. (medscape.com)
  • Radicular pain is defined as pain radiating in the distribution of spinal nerve caused by the irritation of the dorsal root ganglion while discogenic pain is an axial pain originating in a degenerative disc. (ukessays.com)
  • Bilateral spinal decompression by estende unilateral mini-open TLIF in degenerative spondilolystesis with central lumbar canal stenosi. (unict.it)
  • Degenerative changes at L5-S1 without evidence of root compression. (biobans.com)
  • This occurs due to compression of the spinal cord due to degenerative changes linked to aging. (spinaldisccenter.com)
  • After thorough evaluation and relevant investigations the MRI revealed homogenously enhancing lesion in right side of spinal canal at T7 - T8 level and neural foraminal lesions in the right T7 - T8 which causes moderate compression of the cord at this level. (rubyhospital.com)
  • There was also neoplastic lesion (An abnormal mass of tissue that forms when cells grow and divide rapidly) like neurogenic tumour. (rubyhospital.com)
  • Motor weakness may be used to evaluate the level of a spinal lesion that involves the corticospinal tract. (emcrit.org)
  • Thus, a central spinal cord lesion may cause neurologic deficits in a descending order. (emcrit.org)
  • It extends caudally along the ventral and the left lateral aspect of the canal up to the cranial aspect of T8 (red arrows). (proton-vet.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of combination technique of laminoplasty with lateral mass screw fusion for canal compression due to OPLL in CSCI. (ejournals.ca)
  • Spinal nerve lateral to the dural sac +/- dural sleeve with CSF. (wikimsk.org)
  • C1 lateral mass and C2 pedicle-screw fixation: video-description of a simple technique with preservation of C2 ganglion and perivertebral venous plexus. (unict.it)
  • C1 lateral mass - C2 pedicle fixation and joint arthrodesis sparing the C2 ganglion and without bleeding. (unict.it)
  • Diabetics are also often affected by neurological deficits caused by an infarction in the spinal cord. (medicinelearners.com)
  • These LMN deficits include decreased to absent spinal reflexes, decreased tone, paresis to paralysis of affected limb(s) and possible neurogenic atrophy. (vin.com)
  • There is a bimodal age distribution among patients with spinal cord injuries: the first peak occurs in patients between 15 and 24 years, and the second in patients over 55 years of age 10, 11 . (hpathy.com)
  • In short: If the blood flow to the spinal cord is stopped by a blocked vessel or a blood clot, the dreaded spinal shock occurs. (medicinelearners.com)
  • Herniation of the nucleus pulposus (HNP) occurs when the nucleus (gel-like substance) breaks through the annulus fibrosis (tire-like structure) of an intervertebral disc (spinal shock absorber). (indianapolisdisccenter.com)
  • CT scans may identify soft-tissue masses and bone destruction and suggest malignant transformation. (medscape.com)
  • Soft tissue mass extending from lacrimal sac, via nasolacrimal duct, to inferior meatus. (bmj.com)
  • Spinal causes of acute back pain are conditions of the spinal column or surrounding muscles and soft tissue . (amboss.com)
  • It may reveal blockage of contrast spread, thickened or tethered nerve roots, soft tissue masses, or intrathecal calcification. (spineinfo.com)
  • The FD lesions usually cause cortical thinning because of enlarged fibro-osseous masses. (medscape.com)
  • MRI is not particularly useful in differentiating FD from other lesions but can be helpful for complex cases, such as compression of neurologic structures. (medscape.com)
  • Multiple sclerosis: An autoimmune disease that damages the myelin sheath surrounding nerve fibers in the spinal cord and brain. (medicaltalk.net)
  • Biopsy of the mass with histopathological analysis is recommended in order to reach a definitive diagnosis. (proton-vet.com)
  • The histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of a spinal JXG. (bvsalud.org)
  • The first step towards diagnosis and therapy is recognizing that the patient has some sort of spinal cord pathology. (emcrit.org)
  • Corticosteroids (dexamethasone) may be given to reduce inflammation and swelling around the spinal cord. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Examples include meningitis (inflammation of the meninges), tuberculosis, or infections related to spinal surgery. (spineinfo.com)
  • There is a mineral attenuating mass, with solid and amorphous new bone formation affecting the spinous processes of T6 and T7 (blue arrows) occupying the left epaxial region. (proton-vet.com)
  • The marrow cavity of the mass is contiguous with the underlying bone (bracket). (avma.org)
  • The bone flap is then propped open using small wedges or pieces of bone such that the enlarged spinal canal will remain in place. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, our bones grow stronger and stronger, denser and denser, hitting peak bone mass usually in our mid-20s to mid-30s with hormones regulating the rate of the entire bone-rebuilding project. (todaysgeriatricmedicine.com)
  • Around this age the rate at which the osteoclast cells break down bone tissue eclipses the rate at which the osteoblast cells build new tissue, meaning that bone mass gradually lowers from this point on. (todaysgeriatricmedicine.com)
  • While the gradual decline in bone mass is unavoidable, all kinds of factors can speed up or slow down these rates, ranging from diet and physical activity to smoking and alcohol consumption. (todaysgeriatricmedicine.com)
  • Additionally, several commonly administered medications may inadvertently reduce bone mass. (todaysgeriatricmedicine.com)
  • A patient with osteoporosis has bone mass that has dropped too far, and the honeycomblike structure of the bones becomes overly porous. (todaysgeriatricmedicine.com)
  • In a cervical laminectomy procedure, a small section of bone that covers the back of the spinal cord, called the lamina, is removed. (stlbrainandspine.com)
  • Extradural spinal meningiomas are rare and comprise just 2.5-3.5% of all spinal meningiomas. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • 2 ] They are typically extradural in location, and are predominantly found at the sacral/lumbosacral regions, in conjunction with spinal dysraphism and subcutaneous lipomas. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Usually an access site is chosen on the side of the neck, and through it the unstable spinal column is stabilised with the use of plates, screws, and coated plastic implants. (usz.ch)
  • Follow-up CT of the neck 2 months later, at which time the patient was asymptomatic, showed a decrease in mineralization along the transverse ligament and more dissolution, with no associated canal encroachment (Figures 1 and 2). (medscape.com)
  • Neck pain is frequent and in some cases, a mass can be palpated or seen either on the chin, or at some part of the course of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. (symptoma.com)
  • The central perfusion region receives blood supply from the anterior spinal artery, which forms the central sulcus artery and courses into the ventral median sulcus and supplies the grey matter of spinal cord. (medscape.com)
  • Spinal nerve or ventral ramus leaving the vertebral column at the posterolateral corner of the disc and entering the psoas major. (wikimsk.org)
  • Cervical cord compression from plexiform neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis 1. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Spinal cord compression or canal compromise is the most reliable indication for surgery. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Emergent consensus review by neurosurgery, radiology, and rheumatology concluded that the mass was not malignant and that there was no immediate neurologic threat or indication for surgery. (medscape.com)
  • Emergency surgery may be needed to relieve compression on the spinal cord. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Microdiscectomy surgery to remove a portion of a herniated lumbar disc to relieve pressure on a spinal nerve. (massgeneralbrigham.org)
  • Patients with new neurological findings other than isolated unilateral radiculopathy require immediate imaging, typically MRI , and urgent spinal surgery consultation. (amboss.com)
  • Patients with red flag features but normal neurological examination are unlikely to need urgent spinal surgery . (amboss.com)
  • A small group of patients, however, may only find relief through surgery to take the pressure off the spinal cord. (spinaldisccenter.com)
  • Thus, diseases affecting the anterior horn of the spinal cord cause flaccid paralysis. (emcrit.org)
  • The mass was invading the osteomeatal complex, extending into the anterior ethmoidal sinus, causing obstruction to drainage of both maxillary and frontal sinuses. (bmj.com)
  • It should be borne in mind that certain segments of the spinal cord are particularly susceptible to ischemia due to the sometimes low collateral supply to the anterior spinal artery. (medicinelearners.com)
  • A region of the spinal cord immediately cranial to the area of compression has a slightly larger diameter, compared with the more cranial or caudal regions, consistent with mild dilation of the central canal of the spinal cord. (avma.org)
  • The next method is called, en bloc laminoplasty, and it was a modification of the en bloc laminectomy, which was developed by Tsuji. (wikipedia.org)
  • Later in 1977, Hirabayashi and his colleagues introduced the open-door laminoplasty, which was inspired by the en bloc laminoplasty. (wikipedia.org)
  • This mass extends from the caudal aspect of the spinous process of T5 to the caudal aspect of the vertebral body of T8 (blue arrows). (proton-vet.com)
  • No abnormalities are seen at the spinous process of T8, but part of the fat attenuating component of the mass is adjacent to it, infiltrating the left epaxial musculature (yellow arrow). (proton-vet.com)
  • Evaluation of step or stride length can be especially useful since upper motor neuron diseases (i.e., descending spinal cord motor tract disorders) tend to have a normal to increased stride length while neuromuscular and orthopedic disorders tend to have a decreased stride length. (vin.com)
  • Spinal vascular involvement associated with vasculitis should also be considered as a cause. (medicinelearners.com)
  • Spinal cord hemorrhage can be divided based on etiology, into two types: (1) traumatic and (2) non-traumatic. (medscape.com)
  • Although ENBs often recur and have an aggressive clinical course, spinal metastases are extremely rare and the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. (thejns.org)
  • The most common primary spinal infection is pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis. (wheelessonline.com)