Markers of apoptosis. Medical search. Frequent questions

An introductionto the mechanisms of apoptotic cell death and apoptosis assays and markers. (abcam.com)
Learn more about our wide selection of assays for cell proliferation, cell viability, and apoptosis . (biotium.com)
With the addition of these new formats, more complex assays can be developed to look at apoptosis within heterogeneous cell subsets. (bdbiosciences.com)
In addition, cell apoptosis was measured by double staining, DNA fragmentation and annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate binding assays. (ijpsonline.com)

Studies using oesophageal cancer cell lines have shown that drug sensitive tumour cells undergo apoptosis in response to drug treatment, whereas resistant cells induce autophagy and can recover following withdrawal of drug. (rcsi.com)
As shown in Figure 3B, cleaved Caspase-3 and cleaved PARP were drastically up-regulated after knockdown of PSPC1 in HeLa cells, suggesting that a few of the PSPC1-knockdown cells undergo apoptosis by caspase and/or PARP-dependent mechanisms.overexpression of PSPC1 in HeLa cells substantially inhibited the increase of cH2AX protein level compared to control cells, implying less severe DNA damage. (calcium-channel.com)
As cells become damaged or are no longer needed, they undergo apoptosis or programmed cell death, a normal physiological process that occurs during embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. (bdbiosciences.com)
7 Severe hypoxia in the presence of energy stimulates cells to undergo apoptosis, whereas oxygen levels above 0.5% prevent cell death. (bmj.com)

Methods for detecting apoptosis or dead cells (viability) by cell preparation type. (bdbiosciences.com)
M1 activated monocytes and macrophages reduce Treg viability and upregulate apoptosis markers. (businesswire.com)

The mechanisms of the cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and oxidative stress induced by the 5-15 nm SiNPs still remain unclear. (mdpi.com)
In this investigation, the role of autophagy and apoptosis in Solanum nigrum fruit extract-induced cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-468, a triple negative breast cancer cell line was studied. (ijpsonline.com)

Our data revealed that fenretinide effectively induces apoptosis in Huh-7 and Hep3B cells. (escholarship.org)
Our results also demonstrate fenretinide directly activates RARbeta and induces apoptosis in Huh-7 cells in a RARbeta-dependent manner. (escholarship.org)
This inhibition of AMPK ultimately leads to inhibition of mTOR and thus induces apoptosis in the HepG2 cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Discover pathways on apoptosis induction, caspase activation and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. (abcam.com)
The Effect of Xanthohumol Derivatives on Apoptosis Induction in Canine Lymphoma and Leukemia Cell Lines. (nih.gov)
Upon induction of apoptosis, BAX becomes organelle membrane-associated, and in particular, mitochondrial membrane associated. (wikipedia.org)
As these studies also revealed impaired cytochrome c release and a block in apoptosis upon small interfering RNA-mediated n-cofilin knockdown, n-cofilin was postulated to be essential for apoptosis induction. (nature.com)
Thus, we conclude that ADF/cofilin activity is not generally required for induction or progression of apoptosis in mammalian cells. (nature.com)
We found that, upon induction of apoptosis in control MEFs, n-cofilin, and its homolog ADF translocated to mitochondria together with actin. (nature.com)
In summary, our work demonstrates that in mammalian cells ADF/cofilin activity is not generally required for efficient induction of apoptosis. (nature.com)
Here, we identified tranylcypromine, which is used to treat refractory depression, caused human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived brain organoids neurotoxicity, leading to decreased proliferation activity and apoptosis induction. (frontiersin.org)
Solanum nigrum (SN) is a herb with anticancer effects such as destruction of tumor cell membrane, induction of apoptosis by NF-kappaB, caspase activation, nitric oxide production and inhibition of angiogenesis [ 3 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Induction of apoptosis leads to characteristic cellular changes leading to death. (ijpsonline.com)

However, the role of C1QBP in metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells have not yet been explored. (medsci.org)
At the cellular and whole organ level, degenerative changes that are a hallmark of natural aging (shorter telomeres, increased expression of cellular senescence markers, increased DNA damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, accompanied by diminished elasticity) reach pathological levels in aging humans in the form of chronic respiratory disease. (karger.com)

Eldadah and Faden, 2000 ), we hypothesized that suppression of apoptotic capability during maturation of mammalian brain results from repression of genes involved in the caspase-3 activation pathway, and that injury-induced neuronal apoptosis in the mature brain results from reactivation of these genes. (jneurosci.org)
To test the relevance of ADF/cofilin activity for apoptotic processes, we here employed a genetically well-defined system of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) devoid of any ADF/cofilin activity and challenged these cells with well-characterized apoptosis inducers. (nature.com)
To support this spectrum of requirements, BD Biosciences offers a full range of apoptosis detection tools and technologies for measuring indicators at different stages across the apoptotic process. (bdbiosciences.com)
C1QBP significantly increased ROS level, apoptosis, and the expression of apoptotic proteins such as cleaved caspase-3 and bax/bcl2 via regulating XDH. (medsci.org)
Flow cytometric estimation of the apoptotic marker CD95 in peripheral neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes was done for 18 infants with non-oedematous protein energy malnutrition (PEM) and 12 oedematous ones, on hospital admission and after supervised nutritional rehabilitation, and compared with 12 matched controls. (who.int)

During hypoxia, an intricate balance exists between factors that induce or counteract apoptosis, or even stimulate proliferation. (bmj.com)
PKC is an important signaling molecule in numerous cell pathways, including cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. (medscape.com)

Aved PARP by Western blot, which are considered markers of apoptosis. (calcium-channel.com)
Apoptosis was determined by caspase-3 cleavage using western blot, DNA double-strand breaks using TUNEL assay, and phosphatidylserine translocation using flow cytometry analysis. (escholarship.org)
The tumor tissues were analyzed using apoptosis antibody arrays, real time PCR and western blot. (biomedcentral.com)

Apoptosis occurred 48 hours after EBF3 expression with caspase-3 activation. (aacrjournals.org)

Apoptosis and autophagy markers predict. (rcsi.com)
Immunohistochemical analysis with apoptosis and autophagy markers in periodontitis and peri-implantitis: Clinical comparative study. (bvsalud.org)

Our resources and products to study apoptosis include apoptosis kits and antibodies to key proteins such as caspases and the Bcl-2 family. (abcam.com)
caspases are thus useful markers for apoptosis. (the-scientist.com)
One of the most consistently observed characteristics of apoptosis is the activation of a series of cytosolic proteases called caspases. (bdbiosciences.com)
Caspases are activated upon cleavage at aspartate residues during the earliest stages of apoptosis. (bdbiosciences.com)
Active caspases can then cleave many proteins, including poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), other caspases and other protein substrates en masse. (bdbiosciences.com)
Caspases-9, -8 and -3 have been implicated in apoptosis-caspase-9 in the mitochondrial pathway, caspase-8 in the Fas/CD95 pathway, and caspase-3 more downstream, activated by multiple pathways. (bdbiosciences.com)

4 Although the mechanisms of caspase activation in the cytosol are well characterized, the steps that control cytochrome c release from mitochondria and thereby activate the apoptosis program have remained largely elusive. (nature.com)
The present study aimed to investigate whether the protective effect of vitexin protects against sevoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis and the underlying mechanisms of this protective effect. (spandidos-publications.com)
Understanding the regulation of apoptosis during hypoxia and the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis might lead to more specific treatments for solid tumours. (bmj.com)
These findings indicated that Solanum nigrum extract induced cell death in MDA-MB-468 cells by two distinct mechanisms, apoptosis and autophagy, and these findings further suggest a possibility that this extract could be used to treat triple negative breast cancer. (ijpsonline.com)

Neuronal apoptosis plays an essential role in early brain development and contributes to secondary neuronal loss after acute brain injury. (jneurosci.org)
Recent studies have provided evidence that neuronal susceptibility to apoptosis induced by traumatic or ischemic injury decreases during brain development. (jneurosci.org)
In the present study, we evaluated the role of the intrinsic pathway in neuronal apoptosis at different stages of rat brain development and during maturation of primary cortical neurons in vivo as well as in response to brain injury. (jneurosci.org)
The results demonstrated that Vitexin pretreatment significantly reduced neuronal apoptosis, and inhibited caspase‑3 activity, apoptosis regulator BAX protein expression and malondialdehyde levels in sevoflurane‑induced newborn rats. (spandidos-publications.com)
Together, the results of the current study suggest that the protective effect of vitexin reduces sevoflurane‑induced neuronal apoptosis through HIF‑1α‑, VEGF‑ and p38‑associated signaling pathways in newborn rats. (spandidos-publications.com)
These results demonstrate that at least some neuronal and astrocytic death in HIV infection occurs by apoptosis. (nih.gov)

Human fatal zaire ebola virus infection is associated with an aberrant innate immunity and with massive lymphocyte apoptosis. (cdc.gov)

Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, upregulation of proapoptotic proteins, activation of MCL-1, PARP-1 and Caspase 9 suggest that MESF treatment leads to activation of mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. (nature.com)
Importantly, the mitochondrial association of n-cofilin and ADF had no impact on apoptosis signaling because ablation of either n-cofilin, ADF, or both proteins together did not change cell death progression. (nature.com)
Apoptosis regulatory proteins are delicately balanced. (bmj.com)
The key regulator of this process, hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), can initiate apoptosis by inducing high concentrations of proapoptotic proteins, such as BNIP3, and can cause stabilisation of p53. (bmj.com)
The apoptosis-related proteins of iPSCs-DCs and SN-iPSCs-DCs were analyzed by western blotting. (newswise.com)

However, BF + GCV only induced apoptosis via Fas/FasL signal pathway accompanied with increased P53 expression. (biomedcentral.com)

Nearly half of neural cells die by apoptosis during brain development. (jneurosci.org)
Annexin V-propidium iodide double-staining demonstrated that Sapota fruit extracts potentiate apoptosis rather than necrosis in cancer cells. (nature.com)
Drugs that activate BAX, such as ABT-737, a BH3 mimetic, hold promise as anticancer treatments by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
These proteases are responsible for the dismantling of cells during apoptosis. (nature.com)
Apoptosis is an organized process that signals cells to self-destruct for cell renewal or to control aberrant cell growth. (bdbiosciences.com)
Apoptosis controls the orderly death of damaged cells, whereas necrosis occurs as a result of tissue damage, causing the loss of both damaged and surrounding cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Knockdown of RARbeta mRNA expression significantly impairs fenretinide-induced apoptosis in Huh-7 cells. (escholarship.org)
Our findings reveal that endogenous expression of retinoids receptor RARbeta gene determines the susceptibility of HCC cells to fenretinide-induced apoptosis. (escholarship.org)
C1QBP knockdown and overexpression cells were established via lentiviral infection and subjected to apoptosis and ROS assay in vitro . (medsci.org)
C1QBP promotes the catabolism of hypoxanthine and elevates the apoptosis of RCC cells by modulating XDH-mediated ROS generation. (medsci.org)
A hypoxic environment devoid of nutrients prevents the cell undergoing energy dependent apoptosis and cells become necrotic. (bmj.com)
Cells adapt to this environmental stress, so that after repeated periods of hypoxia, selection for resistance to hypoxia induced apoptosis occurs. (bmj.com)
Therefore, the current study used integrated in vitro and in silico approaches to figure out Amy and Sor's possible synergistic activity in targeting AMPK/mTOR and BCL-2 for anti-angiogenesis and apoptosis cell death in HepG2 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
A previous study reported that the extract of the whole plant of SN activated cell death in hepatoma cells through autophagy and apoptosis [ 7 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
the location and absence of cell-specific markers suggested a glial origin for the labeled cells. (nih.gov)
PKC isozymes are LR-dependent molecules that link psychosine-induced LR disruption to reduced PKC function and altered cell signaling activity, possibly driving demyelination and apoptosis in oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. (medscape.com)
Statin treatment leads to increased oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle cells and leads to upregulation of apoptosis. (medscape.com)
whole well image of culture well (96 well plate format) containing human induced pluripotent stem cells grown on mouse feeders, stained for pluripotent markers NANOG (red) and OCT4 (green). (lu.se)

Review our assay kits for the study of apoptosis. (abcam.com)
One of the most popular methods for detecting apoptosis is the caspase activity assay. (the-scientist.com)

PARP [Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase] is a 116 kDa nuclear chromatin-associated enzyme that is cleaved during apoptosis by caspase-3 into a 24 kDa fragment containing the DNA binding domain and an 89 kDa fragment containing the catalytic and automodification domains. (novusbio.com)

Apoptosis is a mechanism of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. (abcam.com)
Multiorgan apoptosis occurs during sepsis. (jci.org)

The apoptosis was transduced by multiple signaling pathways mediated by FasL and TNFR2 and mainly activated the mitochondrial control of apoptosis via Bid and Bim, which was rescued by silencing Bid or/and Bim . (biomedcentral.com)

The expression of this gene is regulated by the tumor suppressor P53 and has been shown to be involved in P53-mediated apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
The analysis of inflammatory markers (TNF-α) in tumor indicated that BF-rTK + GCV significantly inhibited TNF-α expression. (biomedcentral.com)
The results suggested that BF-rTK + GCV induced tumor apoptosis without autophagy and necroptosis occurrence. (biomedcentral.com)
BF-rTK + GCV induced tumor apoptosis mediated by FasL and TNFR2 through the mitochondrial control of apoptosis via Bid and Bim without inducing necroptosis and autophagy. (biomedcentral.com)

Apoptosis regulator BAX, also known as bcl-2-like protein 4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BAX gene. (wikipedia.org)

Improve your apoptosis detection skills with our free apoptosis application ebook. (abcam.com)
It is therefore little wonder that new kits for apoptosis detection seem to be introduced on a daily basis. (the-scientist.com)

Radio-frequency dose-dependent apoptosis, necrosis and cell death monitored by annexin V-BD Horizon™ V450. (bdbiosciences.com)
Radio-frequency dose-dependent apoptosis, necrosis and cell death monitored by annexin V-BD Horizon™ V450 in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines treated with a low dose of cetuximab targeted gold nanoparticles. (bdbiosciences.com)
As the RF field power increases, the temperature increases, and a shift from apoptosis (lower right quadrant) to frank necrosis (upper left quadrant) is seen. (bdbiosciences.com)

Infarct-related artery occlusion, tissue markers of ischemia, and increased apoptosis in the peri-infarct viable myocardium. (unicatt.it)
Meanwhile, excessive apoptosis in such conditions as ischemia reperfusion injury and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis may benefit from drug inhibitors of BAX. (wikipedia.org)

Fenretinide-induced apoptosis of Huh-7 hepatocellular carcinoma is retinoic acid receptor beta dependent. (escholarship.org)

A colorectal cancer model was used to decipher the molecular mechanism of BF-rTK + GCV (bifidobacterial recombination thymidine kinase/ganciclovir) using a human apoptosis antibody array kit in a murine cancer model in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)

The aim of this study was to compare the differences in apoptosis and autophagy intensity at the molecular and cellular level in periodontal and peri-implant diseases . (bvsalud.org)
Autophagy and apoptosis are two forms of programmed cell death, which are essential for cellular homeostasis. (ijpsonline.com)
However, oxidative stress could play salient role in the observed cellular and genetic toxicity and apoptosis-like effects which could be abrogated by antioxidant vitamins and flavonoids, including vitamin E, quercetin, kolaviron, myricetin and bioactive extractives with antioxidant effects. (frontiersin.org)

In this study, we evaluated markers of apoptosis (active/cleaved caspase-3) and autophagy (LC3B) to establish whether these markers are useful prognostic indicators following neoadjuvant therapy. (rcsi.com)
Prognostic value of apoptosis-related markers in urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract. (medscape.com)

Forced expression of either PCK1 or PCK2 in liver cancer cell lines results in severe apoptosis under the condition of glucose deprivation and suppressed liver tumorigenesis in mice. (escholarship.org)

Malnutrition, both protein-energy mal- aimed to assess the use of CD95 expression nutrition (PEM) and micronutrient defi- as a marker for following up these patients ciencies, continues to be a major health during their nutritional rehabilitation and burden in developing countries. (who.int)

To elucidate the general importance of ADF/cofilin activity for apoptosis, we exposed mouse embryonic fibroblasts deficient for n-cofilin, ADF (actin depolymerizing factor), or all ADF/cofilin isoforms to well-characterized apoptosis inducers. (nature.com)

A substantial synergistic interaction between Amy and Sor was observed (CI 50 = 0.56), which was connected to cell cycle arrest at the S and G2/M stages and increased apoptosis and potential necroptosis. (biomedcentral.com)

8 Recently, it was shown that n-cofilin translocates to mitochondria during the early phase of apoptosis, but the mechanism for this translocation remained obscure. (nature.com)
During apoptosis, PS translocates to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane and can be detected by flow cytometry and cell imaging through binding to fluorochrome-labeled annexin V when calcium is present. (bdbiosciences.com)

METHODS AND RESULTS: In order to assess the link between infarct-related artery (IRA) occlusion, ischaemia, and apoptosis, 30 subjects dying 7-120 days after AMI (16 with IRA occlusion and 14 with patent IRA) and five control subjects were selected at autopsy. (unicatt.it)

Detect the early stages of apoptosis with a simple staining procedure in only 10 minutes. (abcam.com)

C5a blockade dramatically reduced thymocyte apoptosis as measured by thymic weight, binding of annexin V to thymocytes, and laddering of thymocyte DNA. (jci.org)
Neutrophils in Barth syndrome (BTHS) avidly bind annexin-V in the absence of apoptosis. (lu.se)

M, DNA molecular weight marker. (jci.org)
Eltz S, Comperat E, Cussenot O, Rouprêt M. Molecular and histological markers in urothelial carcinomas of the upper urinary tract. (medscape.com)
mTORC1 activation inhibits autophagy, and it is considered to be a molecular marker of diabetic nephropathy [ 7 , 8 ], as the decrease in podocyte autophagic activity caused by mTORC1 activation plays a vital role in the progression of this disease [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)

Apoptosis can be detected by the presence of phosphatidylserine (PS), which is normally located on the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane. (bdbiosciences.com)

However, some cell types do not display characteristic features of apoptosis. (bdbiosciences.com)
Apoptosis was detected by its morphology and by in situ end labeling of its characteristic oligonucleosomal fragments. (nih.gov)

When C5a was generated in vivo by infusion of purified cobra venom factor (CVF), thymocyte apoptosis was significantly increased. (jci.org)

Interestingly, mitochondrial association of ADF and n-cofilin during apoptosis was preceded by, and dependent on, actin that translocated by a yet unknown mechanism to mitochondria during cell death. (nature.com)
In those cases, multiple aspects of apoptosis might need to be analyzed to confirm the mechanism of cell death. (bdbiosciences.com)

Cell cycle analysis suggested activation of apoptosis, without arresting cell cycle progression. (nature.com)

The expression levels of apoptosis-related genes Bcl2 and Bax were determined by real-time PCR. (ijpsonline.com)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of dietary antioxidant supplementations on markers of apoptosis in repetitively loaded skeletal muscles of young (3mo) and aged (30mo) FBNX344 rats. (cdc.gov)

Enhanced apoptosis in the leukocytes of peripheral blood of PEM patients may be a marker of increased infection and immune disturbances. (who.int)

Monolysocardiolipin in cultured fibroblasts is a sensitive and specific marker for Barth Syndrome. (lu.se)

Dr. Lim has more than 18 years of experience in cell sorting, cell cycle analysis, apoptosis and immunophenotyping. (sc.edu)

Apoptosis is a genetically controlled cell death that was initially recognized for its role in development. (jneurosci.org)
However, p53 also has a transcription-independent role in apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we study the clinical and functional significance of DRAK2, a novel stress response kinase that plays a critical role in apoptosis, T-cell biology, and B-cell activation in CLL. (northumbria.ac.uk)

These data suggest that systemic activation of complement induces C5a-dependent apoptosis of thymocytes and that the blockade of C5a during sepsis rescues thymocytes from apoptosis. (jci.org)

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a hot topic. (the-scientist.com)

Finally, the numbers of OPCs, evaluated with the markers Tcf4 and Olig2, were increased from day 2 (Olig2) or day 7 (Tcf4) post-injury (P ≤ 0.05). (lu.se)

12 oedematous (4 males and 8 females) optotic marker CD95 (Fas antigen) can be with mean age 11.67 (SD 4.92) months. (who.int)

Janowska J, Chudek J, Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M, Semik-Grabarczyk E, Zahorska-Markiewicz B. Interdependencies among Selected Pro-Inflammatory Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction, C-Peptide, Anti-Inflammatory Interleukin-10 and Glucose Metabolism Disturbance in Obese Women. (medsci.org)
Irisin has a weak negative correlation with age, lean body mass and levels of inflammatory markers. (medscape.com)

Following cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in rats, thymocytes underwent apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. (jci.org)
ATZ also induces morphological changes similar to apoptosis and initiates mitochondria-dependent cell death in several experimental models. (frontiersin.org)

Antioxidant supplementation may partially ameliorate apoptosis in the extensor digitorum longus muscle of aged fischer 344 Brown x Norway rats. (cdc.gov)

Taken together, our results indicate DRAK2 as a novel marker of CLL survival that plays key regulatory roles in CLL prognosis. (northumbria.ac.uk)
Our results indicate that TBI induces oligodendrocyte apoptosis and widespread myelin loss, followed by a concomitant increase in the number of OPCs. (lu.se)

Anatomy32

Organisms9

Diseases14

Chemicals and Drugs115

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Phenomena and Processes57

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Assays4

Undergo apoptosis4

Viability2

Cytotoxicity2

Induces Apoptosis3

Induction10

Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis2

Apoptotic5

Proliferation2

Western blot3

Caspase-3 activation1

Autophagy markers2

Caspases6

Mechanisms4

Neuronal6

Lymphocyte1

Proteins5

Pathway1

Cells18

Assay2

PARP1

Occurs2

Signaling1

Tumor4

Regulator1

Detection2

Necrosis3

Ischemia2

Hepatocellular carcinoma1

Antibody1

Cellular3

Prognostic2

Cancer1

Protein1

Embryonic1

Necroptosis1

Translocates2

Methods1

Stages1

Annexin2

Molecular3

Membrane1

Characteristic2

Significantly increased1

Mechanism2

Progression1

Genes1

Skeletal1

Infection1

Fibroblasts1

Analysis1

Role3

Activation1

Programmed cell1

0.051

CD951

Inflammatory markers2

Dependent2

Antioxidant1

Results2