OrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaHealth Care
Oxygen IsotopesEvolution, PlanetaryMeteoroidsOxygenCedrelaEl Nino-Southern OscillationSolar SystemIsotopesMinor PlanetsLarixIsotope LabelingCarbon IsotopesAtmosphereFossilsClimateMarine BiologyGeologic SedimentsNitrogen IsotopesTimeOxygen ConsumptionReactive Oxygen SpeciesEcosystemWaterTemperatureZinc IsotopesSulfur IsotopesAquatic Organisms
ForaminiferaCarbon isotope excursionFractionationBenthicSeawaterBiogeochemistryVariationsStagesGeologyStable oxygenIsotopicTemperatureRatioPaleoclimateNitrogenClimaticNitrateMeasurementsClimateInorganicMicrobialPrecipitationInterglacialSulfurWaterProcessesOrganic carbonSamplesRecordEventsCoastalMassMinimumModernAustria
Foraminifera5
  • The microorganism most frequently referenced for identifying marine isotope stages is foraminifera. (wikipedia.org)
  • Supplement Table 2) Stable oxygen isotope analysis on benthic foraminifera Cibicidoides kullenbergi of sediment core GeoB13731-1. (pangaea.de)
  • Additional investigated proxies were oxygen isotopes, foraminifera, element proxy data and lithology. (rannis.is)
  • Kim and Lee analyzed more than 450 ESR age dates and determined paleo-earthquakes in this intraplate setting coincided with five key interglacial periods (termed marine isotope stages 15, 13, 11, 9 and 7) over the last 650,000 years, based upon oxygen isotopes from benthic marine foraminifera (single-celled organisms). (phys.org)
  • Marine cores may contain microscopic fossils of single-celled organisms called foraminifera, whose shells contain a record of water temperature and composition as stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon. (investorideas.com)
Carbon isotope excursion2
  • Responsible for these fluctuations in oxygenation were likely driven by the Lomagundi carbon isotope excursion. (wikipedia.org)
  • MCIE: Monterey carbon isotope excursion. (google.com)
Fractionation3
  • Oxygen isotope ratio cycles are cyclical variations in the ratio of the abundance of oxygen with an atomic mass of 18 to the abundance of oxygen with an atomic mass of 16 present in some substances, such as polar ice or calcite in ocean core samples, measured with the isotope fractionation. (wikipedia.org)
  • δ18O Isotope fractionation Miller, Dana L. (wikipedia.org)
  • The stable isotopes of sulfur provide an additional tool to understand these diagenetic processes, whereby the combination of microbial isotope fractionation and open system diagenesis generate a differential diffusion flux of the isotopes. (geoscienceworld.org)
Benthic6
  • The Cenozoic Era is characterized by a long-term (~10^6 to 10^7 year) global cooling trend from the early Paleogene ice-free "greenhouse" conditions towards the Neogene "ice-house" regime, as inferred based on the globally compiled deep-sea benthic foraminiferal oxygen stable isotope records. (google.com)
  • Globally compiled deep-sea benthic foraminiferal oxygen stable isotope records (adopted from Zachos et al. (google.com)
  • Of the three Cenozoic benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope events pointed above, the middle Miocene positive shift of ~0.9‰ between ca. 14.5 and 12.7 Ma is generally interpreted to indicate major expansion and permanent establishment of the East Antarctic ice sheet (EAIS) accompanied by some effect of deepwater cooling. (google.com)
  • Before the middle-late Miocene EAIS/cooling shift, the benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope record shows a brief but distinct negative excursion in the early middle Miocene that represents the most depleted values of the entire Neogene. (google.com)
  • Furthermore, the subsequent retreat of the "warm" molluscan faunas in the North Pacific and the worldwide benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope positive shift after the MMCO require an effective decrease in the poleward heat transport and reorganization of the global thermal budget. (google.com)
  • Correlation of marine isotope stages, based on marine benthic oxygen isotopes, and electron spin dating of fault gouges from four fault zones in the Korean Peninsula. (phys.org)
Seawater4
  • Uncertainties surround the relationship between salinity and the stable isotopic composition of seawater, largely due to a dearth of modern seawater isotope data. (illinois.edu)
  • Here we report 191 new, paired measurements of salinity and seawater oxygen isotopes (δ 18 O sw ) taken from the central tropical Pacific in May 2012, from the surface to 4600m depth. (illinois.edu)
  • Here we report 191 new, paired measurements of salinity and seawater oxygen isotopes (δ18Osw) taken from the central tropical Pacific in May 2012, from the surface to 4600m depth. (illinois.edu)
  • Urey noted that seawater should be enriched in the heavy oxygen isotope (18 O) relative to fresh water because of the preferential evaporation of the light isotope (16O) from the oceans. (balzan.org)
Biogeochemistry1
  • Ruhl, M. (2017): Brachiopod biogeochemistry and isotope stratigraphy from the Rhaetian age Eiberg section in Austria: potentials and limitations. (uibk.ac.at)
Variations1
  • Korte, C. (2009): Stratigraphic significance of carbon isotope variations in the shallow marine Seis/Siusi Permian-Triassic boundary section (Southern Alps, Italy). (uibk.ac.at)
Stages1
  • Figure 2 Results of data analysis from IS-4.The white and grey bars indicate Marine Isotope Stages 1-6. (rannis.is)
Geology1
Stable oxygen2
  • This dataset contains rosette bottle data from the U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Healy 09-01 cruise in March 2009, including salinity, temperature, macronutrients and stable oxygen isotope ratios. (ucar.edu)
  • Stable oxygen isotopes were determined at the Chesapeake Biological Lab, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences, Solomons. (ucar.edu)
Isotopic4
  • form close to oxygen isotopic equilibrium with their ambient water. (tamu.edu)
  • Therefore, changes in glacial-interglacial oceanographic conditions are preserved in the oxygen isotopic profiles. (tamu.edu)
  • Harold Urey's equally seminal contribution was his classic paper "The thermodynamic properties of isotopic substances", also published in 1947, in which he calculated the equilibrium separation factors for isotopes of the light elements in chemical reactions and solid-liquid-vapor phase equilibria, based on quantum mechanics and spectroscopic data on isotopic molecules. (balzan.org)
  • That the flowering of oxygen isotopic climatology began in Urey's Chicago laboratory was due to another, and perhaps equally improbable impact, which similarly caused the demise of the conventional scientific wisdom on the glacial and interglacial climatic cycles during the Pleistocene Epoch. (balzan.org)
Temperature2
  • In laboratories, the temperature, humidity, ventilation and so on affect the accuracy of oxygen isotope measurements. (wikipedia.org)
  • The third paper will then summarise the results into a climate model of sea ice fluctuations or iceberg rafting forming a detailed reconstruction of glacial/interglacial transitions, together with detailed temperature records based on oxygen isotope chronology. (rannis.is)
Ratio3
  • Oxygen isotope analysis considers only the ratio of 18O to 16O present in a sample. (wikipedia.org)
  • The isotope ratio in the calcite is therefore the same, after compensation, as the ratio in the water from which the microorganisms of a given layer extracted the material of the shell. (wikipedia.org)
  • the ratio of two oxygen isotopes, oxygen-16 ( 16 O) and oxygen-18 ( 18 O), which is determined on calcium carbonate from shells of microfossils that accumulated year by year on the seafloor. (britannica.com)
Paleoclimate1
  • Paleoclimate reconstructions based on paleontological records from onshore sections around the circum-Pacific margin reasonably well correspond to the Miocene deepwater oxygen isotope trends. (google.com)
Nitrogen3
  • Sinking aggregates also represent pelagic microniches with intensified microbial activity, oxygen depletion in the center, and anaerobic nitrogen cycling. (frontiersin.org)
  • We focused on nitrogen (N) release from this degradation and associated cycling using N isotopes, an understudied area. (copernicus.org)
  • Stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C), sulfur (δ34S), oxygen (δ18O), hydrogen (δ2H), nitrogen (δ15N), and radioactive isotope of hydrogen (tritium) have been applied in combination with conventional techniques (chemical) to investigate Karachi coastal water pollution due to Layari and Malir rivers, which mainly carry the domestic and industrial wastewater of Karachi Metropolitan. (intechopen.com)
Climatic2
  • In particular, a wealth of shallow-marine molluscan faunas along the coasts of Japan documents the effects of the MMCO in the mid-latitude western North Pacific, as represented by the "Kadonosawa" fauna, which comprises taxa indicative of subtropical to tropical climatic regimes. (google.com)
  • Thus began the application of oxygen isotope geochemistry to studies of climatic change, which has become the fundamental methodology of the study of ancient climates. (balzan.org)
Nitrate1
  • Stable 15 N isotope incubations under dark and anoxic conditions revealed that axenic S. marinoi is able to reduce intracellular nitrate to ammonium that is immediately excreted by the cells. (frontiersin.org)
Measurements1
  • Solid samples (organic and inorganic) for oxygen isotope measurements are usually stored in silver cups and measured with pyrolysis and mass spectrometry. (wikipedia.org)
Climate1
  • N inputs from permafrost degradation and seasonal river N trends were identified using isotopes, helping to predict climate change impacts. (copernicus.org)
Inorganic1
  • Organic matter (OM) turnover into dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was investigated by means of carbon isotope mass balances in Germany's largest water reservoir. (copernicus.org)
Microbial1
  • Complex interactions between microbial communities and geochemical processes drive the major element cycles and control the function of marine sediments as a dynamic reservoir of organic matter. (geoscienceworld.org)
Precipitation1
  • Data are provided as delta oxygen-18 values, referenced to Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (V-SMOW) and are normalized on the Standard Mean Ocean Water-Standard light Antarctic Precipitation (SMOW-SLAP) scale. (ucar.edu)
Interglacial1
  • These isotopes have revealed that dozens of major glacial-interglacial episodes have taken place during the Quaternary. (investorideas.com)
Sulfur1
  • This Geochemical Perspectives begins with a brief primer on the sulfur cycle of marine sediments and a description of my own scientific journey through nearly fifty years of studies of sulfur geochemistry and microbiology. (geoscienceworld.org)
Water3
  • A higher abundance of 18O in calcite is indicative of colder water temperatures, since the lighter isotopes are all stored in the glacial ice. (wikipedia.org)
  • It appears that periods of sustained cold-water coral growth in the Melilla Coral Province were closely linked to phases of high marine productivity. (pangaea.de)
  • Carbon and oxygen isotopes of cool-water bryozoans from the Great Australian Bight and their paleoenvironmental significance. (tamu.edu)
Processes1
  • During the burial and aging of marine sediments, the predominant mineralisation processes change through a cascade of redox reactions, and the rate of organic matter degradation drops continuously over many orders of magnitude. (geoscienceworld.org)
Organic carbon2
  • Sinking organic aggregates, also named "marine snow," are extensively studied, often with a focus on the vertical transport of organic carbon to the seafloor by the "biological pump" (e.g. (frontiersin.org)
  • Korte, C. (2011): Organic carbon isotope values from the Late Permian Seis/Siusi succession (Dolomites, Italy): Implications for palaeoenvironmental changes. (uibk.ac.at)
Samples1
  • Samples were equilibrated with carbon dioxide and analyzed on a Thermo Delta Plus stable isotope mass spectrometer using continuous flow of ultra high purity helium. (ucar.edu)
Record3
  • inferred from the marine oxygen isotope record were milestones in testing the astronomical theory. (britannica.com)
  • Zierl, T. (2023): Carbon isotope stratigraphy, carbonate sedimentology, and microfossil record across the Triassic-Jurassic boundary in the Northern Calcareous Alps - Fonsjoch and Schloßgraben sections, Austria. (uibk.ac.at)
  • since the 1950s the marine record has become more useful because of its greater continuity and preservation. (investorideas.com)
Events1
  • Ullmann, C. V. (2016): Field trip 11 - Rhaetian (Late Triassic) biotic and carbon isotope events and intraplatform basin development in the Northern Calcareous Alps, Tyrol, Austria. (uibk.ac.at)
Coastal1
  • The restoration of Louisiana's barrier islands and the creation of coastal marshes are critically dependent on the availability of suitable modern marine and riverine sediments and other buried fluvio-deltaic deposits. (bioone.org)
Mass2
  • Oxygen (chemical symbol O) has three naturally occurring isotopes: 16O, 17O, and 18O, where the 16, 17 and 18 refer to the atomic mass. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alfred Nier studied both stable and radiogenic isotopes, particularly the isotopes of lead (which led to the first precise age of the earth) and invented a simple but precise mass spectrometer in 1947 which become the machine that revolutionized geochemistry. (balzan.org)
Minimum1
Modern1
  • Var god och använd en modern webbläsare för att ta del av denna webbplats, som t.ex. (lu.se)
Austria2
  • Korte, C. (2020): Sedimentology and carbon isotope stratigraphy of the Rhaetian Hochalm section (Late Triassic, Austria). (uibk.ac.at)
  • Ullmann, C. V. (2019): Sedimentology, carbon isotope stratigraphy and micropalaeontology of the Rhaetian Zlambach Formation-Implications for the Dachstein carbonate platform development (Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria). (uibk.ac.at)