Mannose receptor t cell antigen receptor specificity. Medical search. Frequent questions

Antibodies recognize specific configurations (epitopes, or antigenic determinants) on the surfaces of antigens (eg, proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids). (msdmanuals.com)
Antibodies and antigens fit tightly together because their shape and other surface properties (eg, charge) are complementary. (msdmanuals.com)
The invention also relates to methods of using antibodies and antibody-drug conjugate compounds for in vitro, in situ, and in vivo diagnosis or treatment of mammalian cells, or associated pathological conditions. (justia.com)
Transmembrane or otherwise tumor-associated polypeptides specifically expressed on the surface of cancer cells as compared to normal, non-cancerous cell(s) have been identified as cellular targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy with antibodies. (justia.com)
Some cytotoxic drugs tend to be inactive or less active when conjugated to large antibodies or protein receptor ligands. (justia.com)
To facilitate prospective surveillance for such evolution, we map how convalescent serum antibodies are impacted by all mutations to the spike's receptor-binding domain (RBD), the main target of serum neutralizing activity. (biorxiv.org)
These receptors, which we now call "antibodies", were called by Ehrlich "amboceptors" to emphasize their bifunctional binding capacity: they recognize and bind to a specific antigen, but they also recognize and bind to the heat-labile antimicrobial component of fresh serum. (wikidoc.org)
The classical complement pathway typically requires antibodies for activation (specific immune response), while the alternative and mannose-binding lectin pathways can be activated by C3 hydrolysis or antigens without the presence of antibodies (non-specific immune response). (wikidoc.org)
The classical pathway is triggered by activation of the C1-complex (which consists of one molecule C1q and two molecules C1r and C1s), either by C1q's binding to antibodies from classes M and G, complexed with antigens , or by its binding C1q to the surface of the pathogen. (wikidoc.org)

200 kDa C-type lectin transmembrane protein of the MMR (macrophage mannose receptor) family, expressed at high levels on dendritic cells and thymic epithelial cells, and at low levels on lymphocytes, NK cells and monocytes. (exbio.cz)
CD205, also known as DEC-205, is an endocytic receptor of macrophage mannose receptor family. (exbio.cz)
The mouse Macrophage Mannose Receptor (MMR), also known as CD206 and MRC1 (mannose receptor C, type 1), is a 175 kDa scavenger receptor that is expressed on tissue macrophages, myeloid dendritic cells, and liver and lymphatic endothelial cells (1). (rndsystems.com)

This unique pathway of receptor-mediated uptake proves to be necessary for presentation of antigenic peptides at low doses of ligand. (exbio.cz)
CD205 is responsible for uptake and processing of captured antigens for dendritic cells. (exbio.cz)
Singh, SK, Streng-Ouwehand I, Litjens M, Kalay H, Saeland E and VAN KOOYK Y. Tumour -associated glycan modifications of antigen enhance MGL2 dependent uptake and MHC class I restricted CD8 T cell responses. (dc4u-technologies.nl)
Aggregates of ovalbumin, a glycoprotein rich in mannose (a sugar recognized by Kupffer cells), had no effect on the uptake by the liver of either IgG immune complexes or micro-aggregated albumin. (johnshopkins.edu)
Cellular uptake and receptor specificity were studied in cultures of cod atrial endocardial endothelial cells (aEEC) and head kidney leukocytes. (silverchair.com)
Fluorescence microscopy of tissue sections from cod injected with fluorescein-labelled pDNA confirmed intracellular uptake of pDNA by the endocardial cells of the atrium and ventricle. (silverchair.com)

Based on their localization, PRRs may be divided into membrane-bound PRRs and cytoplasmic PRRs: Membrane-bound PRRs include Toll like receptors (TLRs) and C-type lectin receptors (CLRs). (wikipedia.org)
Unger WWK and VAN KOOYK Y. 'Dressed for success' C-type lectin receptors for the delivery of glycovaccines to dendritic cells. (dc4u-technologies.nl)

Geijtenbeek TBH, van Vliet SJ, Engering A, 't Hart BA and VAN KOOYK, Y. Self- and non-self recognition by C-type lectins on Dendritic Cells. (dc4u-technologies.nl)
Endogenous lectins and glycans are critical signals in the resolution of cell death. (nature.com)
How do C-type lectins tailor adaptive immunity following phagocytosis of apoptotic cells? (nature.com)
At that time, glycobiology, which is the study of carbohydrates and their recognition by motif-specific carbohydrate-binding proteins or lectins, lagged far behind the studies that defined the structural and cellular biology of cell death. (nature.com)
Although lectins were already known because of their ability to agglutinate red blood cells, 3 the involvement of lectins and glycans in PCD had not been elucidated. (nature.com)
The emergence of functional studies on animal lectins during the 1990s has provided the appropriate framework to better understand their roles in cell death. (nature.com)
When examined from the viewpoint of the bound sugar, the structural information accumulated so far on lectins and other proteins that are specific to galactose and glucose (or mannose), provides suggestive evidence for distinct ligand-dependent distribution of hydrogen-bond partners in the combining site. (embl.de)
Lectins are responsible for cell surface sugar recognition in bacteria, animals, and plants. (embl.de)

Recognition of extracellular or endosomal pathogen-associated molecular patterns is mediated by transmembrane proteins known as toll-like receptors (TLRs). (wikipedia.org)
In mammals, transport of CREG to these compartments was shown to rely on the M6P receptor pathway as typical for soluble lysosomal proteins. (boku.ac.at)
Glycans, either alone or complexed with glycan-binding proteins, can deliver intracellular signals or control extracellular processes that promote initiation, execution and resolution of cell death programs. (nature.com)
Herein, we review the role of glycans and glycan-binding proteins as essential components of the cell death machinery during physiologic and pathologic settings. (nature.com)
Of the three tail spikes, two have protein domains associated with the pectate lyase family of proteins (Tsp2) and P22 tail spike family (Tsp3) with the prospect that these enable Salmonella O antigen degradation. (biomedcentral.com)
Tail spike proteins of Vi01 and SboM-AG3 are predicted to contain conserved right-handed parallel β-helical structures but the internal protein domains are varied allowing different host specificities. (biomedcentral.com)
I am a plant cell biologist and protein biochemist at Oxford Brookes University with expertise in the structure and function of the plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER), membrane proteins and auxin biosynthesis using biochemical techniques as well as high-resolution live cell imaging. (brookes.ac.uk)
Over 20 proteins and protein fragments make up the complement system, including serum proteins, serosal proteins, and cell membrane receptors. (wikidoc.org)
As shown recently, polySia-modified proteins can also be released by activated microglia, and the intrinsically released protein-bound and exogenously applied free polySia were equally able to attenuate proinflammatory microglia activation via the inhibitory immune receptor Siglec-E. Here, we explore polySia as a candidate substance for promoting myelin regeneration by immunomodulation. (for2953-sia.de)
These immunomodulatory functions can be mediated by polySia on proteins other than NCAM, presented either on the cell surface or released into the extracellular space. (for2953-sia.de)

This AEB071 structure contained arabinose xylose mannose galactose and glucose. (tam-receptor.com)

The 38 kDa protein is a serious antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis and has been broadly utilized in TB serodiagnosis, on account of its extremely sensitivity and specificity. (tbdb.org)

CREG is a glycoprotein expressed in most mammalian tissues and cell types. (boku.ac.at)
The spike glycoprotein is the most important antigen in the pandemic strain of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the respiratory disease COVID-19. (stemcellcharter.org)

Home adiponectin elisa CD4 T cell help prevents CD8 T cell exhaustion and promotes control. (tbdb.org)
ELISA assay confirmed the immunological specificity of the obtained protein within the presence of MTB-infected human serum samples. (tbdb.org)
The Bsa For Elisa reagent is RUO (Research Use Only) to test human serum or cell culture lab samples. (mugen-noe.org)
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse True insulin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. (mugen-noe.org)
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human True insulin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. (mugen-noe.org)
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Rat Bovine Serum albumin IgG antibody (BSA-Ab-IgG) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids. (mugen-noe.org)

J774A.1 mouse reticulum cell sarcoma macrophage cell line was stained with Goat Anti-Mouse MMR/CD206 APC-conjugated Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # FAB2535A, filled histogram) or isotype control antibody (Catalog # IC108A , open histogram). (rndsystems.com)
The same antibody molecule can cross-react with related antigens if their epitopes are similar enough to those of the original antigen. (msdmanuals.com)
Identification of such tumor-associated cell surface antigen polypeptides, i.e. tumor associated antigens (TAA), allows specific targeting of cancer cells for destruction via antibody-based therapies. (justia.com)
The use of antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), i.e. immunoconjugates, for the local delivery of cytotoxic or cytostatic agents, i.e. drugs to kill or inhibit tumor cells in the treatment of cancer (Lambert, J. (2005) Curr. (justia.com)
Despite this inter- and intra-person heterogeneity, the mutations that most reduce antibody binding usually occur at just a few sites in the RBD's receptor binding motif. (biorxiv.org)
Inevitably, the random nature of antibody gene segment rearrangement, needed in order to provide mature B cells, will generate autoreactive specificities. (mdpi.com)

Neuropilin binding specificity is determined by CUB and coagulation-factor-like domains in the extracellular portion of the molecule, while a MAM domain is essential for SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. (bvsalud.org)

While langerin+ cells are observed in comparable numbers and with comparable phenotypes in the epidermis, two distinct DC subsets bear langerin in peripheral, skin-draining lymph nodes of BALB/c mice (CD11c(high) CD8alpha(high) and CD11c(low) CD8alpha(low)), whereas only the latter subset is present in C57BL/6 mice. (cnrs.fr)
We show synergy between CD4 and CD8 T cells in selling the survival of contaminated mice. (tbdb.org)
As an example, the intestinal nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus produces a TGF- β mimic during its invasive stages causing the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in mice [ 9 ], a T cell subset that controls immunity in infection, allergy, and autoimmunity [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
After restricting the N-glycosylation profile of thymocytes to high-mannose structures, using specific glycoengineered mice (Rag1CreMgat1fl/fl), we showed remarkable defects in key developmental checkpoints, including ß-selection, regulatory T-cell generation and γδT-cell development, associated with increased susceptibility to colon and kidney inflammation and infection. (for2953-sia.de)
Here we comprehensively characterized the kinetics of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in VRP-vaccinated mice, and demonstrate that they predominantly target the nucleoprotein (NP). (cdc.gov)

it forms a transmembrane channel, which causes osmotic lysis of the target cell. (wikidoc.org)

The microbe-specific molecules that are recognized by a given PRR are called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and include bacterial carbohydrates (such as lipopolysaccharide or LPS, mannose), nucleic acids (such as bacterial or viral DNA or RNA), bacterial peptides (flagellin, microtubule elongation factors), peptidoglycans and lipoteichoic acids (from Gram-positive bacteria), N-formylmethionine, lipoproteins and fungal glucans and chitin. (wikipedia.org)

Mannose: Glucose: Gaclactose,arabinose,xylose = 60: 37: 3. (megazyme.com)

As shown in our previous study, KGM-modified SiO 2 nanoparticles (KSiNPs) effectively activate macrophages to differentiate into the M2-type phenotype by inducing mannose receptor (MR) clustering on the cell surface. (megazyme.com)

Mahnke K, Guo M, Lee S, Sepulveda H, Swain SL, Nussenzweig M, Steinman RM: The dendritic cell receptor for endocytosis, DEC-205, can recycle and enhance antigen presentation via major histocompatibility complex class II-positive lysosomal compartments. (exbio.cz)
Glycan modificatio of the tumor antigen gp100 targets DC-SIGN to enhance dendritic cell induced antigen presentation to T cells. (dc4u-technologies.nl)
Identification of DC-SIGN, a novel dendritic cell specific ICAM-3 receptor that supports primary immune responses. (dc4u-technologies.nl)
Nottet, VN Kewal Ramani, DR Littman, CG Figdor, and VAN KOOYK Y. DC-SIGN, a dendritic cell specific HIV-1 binding protein that enhances trans-infection of T cells, Cell 100: 587-597, 2000. (dc4u-technologies.nl)
Dendritic cell (DC) -specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN), Mannose receptor (MR) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs) associated to inflammasome activation. (tbdb.org)

Molecules released following TLR activation signal to other cells of the immune system making TLRs key elements of innate immunity and adaptive immunity. (wikipedia.org)
The ensemble of the data highlights sp2-IGLs as a promising new class of molecules against inflammation by interfering in Toll-like receptor intracellular signaling. (cnrs.fr)
Two decades later, pioneering studies suggested that lectin-like molecules constitutively expressed on the surface of macrophages can selectively recognize changes on glycans decorating the surface of apoptotic thymocytes, 4 , 5 although these studies likewise did not provide substantial insight into the mechanisms by which lectin-glycan interactions regulate cell death. (nature.com)
The surface of the living cells is decorated by a complex layer of glycosylated molecules that store relevant biological information. (nature.com)
Janeway advocated systematically sorting through the components of empirically discovered adjuvants to identify the individual stimulatory molecules and their cellular receptors, especially those that lead to interleukin-1 (IL-1) secretion ( Janeway, 1989 ). (silverchair.com)
Their exact activation state as well as the role of these cells and associated molecules in type 2 immune responses remains to be fully understood. (hindawi.com)
Overview of the Immune System The immune system distinguishes self from nonself and eliminates potentially harmful nonself molecules and cells from the body. (msdmanuals.com)
Neuropilins are 140-kDa vertebrate cell surface receptors that bind neuronal guidance molecules during neural development and axonal outgrowth, and modulate VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. (bvsalud.org)

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a crucial role in the proper function of the innate immune system. (wikipedia.org)
They are also called primitive pattern recognition receptors because they evolved before other parts of the immune system, particularly before adaptive immunity. (wikipedia.org)
Many different cells of the innate immune system express a myriad of CLRs which shape innate immunity by virtue of their pattern recognition ability. (wikipedia.org)
These results establish that CREG is a lysosomal protein that undergoes proteolytic maturation in the course of its biosynthesis, carries the M6P recognition marker and depends on the interaction with M6P receptors for efficient delivery to lysosomes. (boku.ac.at)
Several of the CRDs participate in the Ca 2+ -dependent recognition of carbohydrates showing a preference for branched sugars with terminal mannose, fucose or N‑acetylglucosamine (7). (rndsystems.com)
Aarnoudse CA, Vallejo JJ, Saeland E and VAN KOOYK, Y. Recognition of tumor glycans by antigen-presenting cells. (dc4u-technologies.nl)
particularly the sample recognition receptor (PRR) methods of the host, which notices pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of Mtb. (tbdb.org)
Understanding the function of lectin-glycan recognition systems in cell death will facilitate the implementation of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling unbalanced cell proliferation and survival in several pathologic conditions. (nature.com)

Joshi MD, Unger WJ, Storm G, van Kooyk Y, Mastrobattista E. Targeting tumor antigens to dendritic cells using particulate carriers. (dc4u-technologies.nl)
Saeland E. and VAN KOOYK Y. Highly glycosylated tumor antigens: interaction with the immune system. (dc4u-technologies.nl)
No. 4,975,278) allows targeted delivery of the drug moiety to tumors, and intracellular accumulation therein, where systemic administration of these unconjugated drug agents may result in unacceptable levels of toxicity to normal cells as well as the tumor cells sought to be eliminated (Baldwin et al (1986) Lancet pp. (justia.com)
Targeting tumor cells or the tumor microenvironment (TME) are the two major fundamental principles for antitumor therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, understanding the TME and its immune cell components are equally important as cancer cell characteristics for tumor eradication. (biomedcentral.com)
The oncogenic communication with tumor cells and through the crosstalk of autocrine and paracrine components in almost all tumor types are responsible for this phenomenon. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumor-infiltrating immune cells are an important component of the TIME and are a significant predictor of cancer patients' survival. (biomedcentral.com)
The crosstalk between pro-tumorigenic immune cells, stromal cells, and cytokines helps to establish the pre-metastatic niche for disseminated circulatory tumor cells and facilitates metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
During the tumor initiation stage, cancer cells escape from immune surveillance. (biomedcentral.com)
During metastasis, tumor-derived exosomes help in the requirement and arrangement of immunosuppressive immune cells for favorable premetastatic niche formation and growth of metastases. (biomedcentral.com)
The stromal component interacts with tumor cells in complex crosstalk to support tumor growth. (biomedcentral.com)
X-VIVO Serum-free Hematopoietic Cell Media provide nutritionally complete and balanced environments for a variety of cells including lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells, peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL).These media do not contain any exogenous growth factors, artificial stimulators of cellular proliferation, or undefined supplements. (lonza.com)
X-VIVO 20 - optimized to support the generation of lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells from monocyte depleted peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) at high density and has also been used as a growth medium for PBL and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). (lonza.com)

Once internalized, ligands are released following acidification of phagosomes or endosomes, and the receptor recycles to the cell surface (3, 8). (rndsystems.com)
were annotated in the genome (lipoproteins multiple-banded antigen like protein membrane nuclease lipoprotein and variable surface antigens lipoprotein). (tam-receptor.com)
10 Galectins can function inside the cells by modulating signaling pathways, 11 although they also act extracellularly by establishing multivalent interactions with cell surface glycans and delivering signals that lead to disruption of cellular homeostasis. (nature.com)
The B-cell receptor consists of an Ig molecule anchored to the cell's surface. (msdmanuals.com)
According to this theory, the immune system consists of cells which have specific receptors on their surface to recognize antigens. (wikidoc.org)
C3b binds to the surface of pathogens leading to greater internalization by phagocytic cells by opsonization . (wikidoc.org)

We have investigated its subcellular localization in mammalian cells, Drosophila melanogaster and Arabidopsis thaliana and found that intracellular CREG resides in all these organisms within lysosomes or its functional equivalents. (boku.ac.at)
is usually a facultative intracellular microbe i.e. can be detected inside cells or adhered to their surfaces [15]. (tam-receptor.com)
Purified helped, however not helpless, CD8 T cells effectively prohibit intracellular bacterial progress in vitro. (tbdb.org)
What is the precise role of intracellular and extracellular galectins in the control of cell death programs? (nature.com)
The biological activity of vitamin A requires intracellular oxidation of retinol to retinoic acid (RA), a hormone-like metabolite that modulates the function of innate and adaptive immune cells [2] , [3] . (prolekarniky.cz)

Gurer C, Strowig T, Brilot F, Pack M, Trumpfheller C, Arrey F, Park CG, Steinman RM, Münz C: Targeting the nuclear antigen 1 of Epstein-Barr virus to the human endocytic receptor DEC-205 stimulates protective T-cell responses. (exbio.cz)
Glycan-based DC-SIGN targeting vaccines to enhance antigen cross-presentation. (dc4u-technologies.nl)
Glycan-modified liposomes boost CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses by targeting DC-SIGN on dendritic cells. (dc4u-technologies.nl)
DC-SIGN mediated antigen-targeting using glycan-modified liposomes: Formulation considerations. (dc4u-technologies.nl)
Targeting of glycan modified OVA to murine DC-SIGN transgenic dendritic cells enhances MHC class I and II presentation. (dc4u-technologies.nl)
Immunocytochemical analyses of CHO cells and a pituitary cell line demonstrated that targeting of exogenous PAM was partially successful. (biomedcentral.com)

They are classified according to their ligand specificity, function, localization and/or evolutionary relationships. (wikipedia.org)
As a step towards their identification, we have recently established the individual importance of the different ligand-binding sites of the receptor for its anti-invasive properties. (boku.ac.at)
Co-injection of trace amounts of 125 I-labelled pDNA with excess amounts of non-labelled pDNA or formaldehyde-treated albumin (FSA), a ligand for the cod EEC scavenger receptor, significantly inhibited the accumulation of the radiotracer in the heart. (silverchair.com)

The organ to blood ratio of radioactivity after inhibition of the cod EEC scavenger receptor demonstrated that the radioactivity not taken up by the EEC remained in the blood. (silverchair.com)

The discovery of the gene sequences and predicted protein structures, role of CCR5 alleles has prompted studies of but their ligands have not been identified the possible role of many other host genes in (orphan receptors). (cdc.gov)

Cytoplasmic PRRs include NOD-like receptors (NLRs) and RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs). (wikipedia.org)

Toll-like receptors were first discovered in Drosophila and trigger the synthesis and secretion of cytokines and activation of other host defense programs that are necessary for both innate or adaptive immune responses. (wikipedia.org)
20 yr later, the role of innate receptors in licensing adaptive responses is no longer a secret, but Freund's adjuvant remains dirty. (silverchair.com)
For Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the most potent cell wall component that leads to innate immune activation and sepsis ( Fig. 1 ). (silverchair.com)
Macrophages are highly plastic innate immune cells that adopt an important diversity of phenotypes in response to environmental cues. (hindawi.com)
Parasitic helminths generally induce strong type 2 immunity that normally controls parasite infection and is characterized by production of type 2 cytokines like interleukin- (IL-) 4, IL-5, and IL-13 by innate cells (group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages) and CD4 + T helper 2 (Th2) lymphocytes. (hindawi.com)
In addition to pathogenic functions of secreted IgM the IgM-BCR expressing B cell might be the initial check-point where, in conjunction with innate receptor signals, B cell mediated autoimmunity starts it fateful course. (mdpi.com)

Here we have synthesized and investigated new variants of sp2-IGLs for their ability to suppress the activation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) signaling through Toll-like receptor 4. (cnrs.fr)

PRRs also mediate the initiation of antigen-specific adaptive immune response and release of inflammatory cytokines. (wikipedia.org)
An important aspect about type 2 cell-mediated responses against parasitic helminths is that they are induced for controlling parasite infection but they also mediate the tolerance of parasite persistence [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
T H 2 cells mediate protective immunity to helminth parasites that are common in regions of the world where vitamin A deficiency is prevalent [23] , [24] . (prolekarniky.cz)

A molecular understanding of membrane traffic has broad implications for our understanding of growth control in cancer, receptor trafficking errors in heart disease, regulation of insulin secretion in diabetes and synaptic vesicle biogenesis and transport in neurological disorders. (stanford.edu)
I am committed to interdisciplinary research, and an example of the successes gained from this approach is the project with Prof A Nabok (Engineering Sheffield Hallam University) using total internal reflection ellipsometry to quantify protein-membrane interactions on native plant membranes and human cell lines. (brookes.ac.uk)
The end result of this activation cascade is massive amplification of the response and activation of the cell-killing membrane attack complex . (wikidoc.org)

Third, IL-2 therapies aiming at expanding immunosuppressive regulatory T cells in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
Mechanisms of peripheral tolerance include inactivation of autoantigen-recognizing T and B cells by the induction of apoptosis, anergy or conversion into immunosuppressive regulatory cells. (frontiersin.org)
In addition, suppressor immune cells such as FOXP3 + regulatory T cells (Tregs) exert dominant immune suppression to control autoreactive T and B cells. (frontiersin.org)

We have now demonstrated that reconstitution of functional M6P/IGF2R expression in receptor-deficient murine cancer cells severely compromises their invasive potential. (boku.ac.at)
Here, we discovered stage-specific glycome compositions during T-cell development in human and murine thymocytes, as well as dynamic alterations. (for2953-sia.de)

van Vliet SJ, Gringhuis SI, Geijtenbeek TB and VAN KOOYK, Y. Regulation of effector T cells by antigen-presenting cells via interaction of the C-type lectin MGL with CD45. (dc4u-technologies.nl)
Utilizing two unbiased fashions , we present that CD4 T cell assist enhances CD8 effector features and prevents CD8 T cell exhaustion. (tbdb.org)

We describe the role of allelic polymorphism in the gene coding for the CCR5 chemokine receptor with regard to susceptibility to and disease course of HIV infection. (cdc.gov)
Earlier HIV infec- receptor gene polymorphism in HIV infection, tion diagnosis, inhibition of ongoing HIV replica- only genes of the HLA system were thought to tion with antiretroviral therapy (in industrialized protect against HIV infection. (cdc.gov)
Pre- hematopoietic and other cells, but the Duffy sence of one copy of the deleted CCR5 gene also antigen of erythrocytes (DARC) is the only influences the course of disease as the onset of member expressed on cells of erythroid lineage. (cdc.gov)
We analyzed the gene expression profiles of individual monocyte-derived brain macrophages responding to TBI using single-cell RNA sequencing. (biomedcentral.com)
Single-cell gene expression profiling demonstrated that monocytic macrophages in TBI are not comprised of distinctly polarized subsets but are uniquely and broadly activated. (biomedcentral.com)
In order to identify such patterns, we set out to broadly profile gene expression in a variety of immune cells. (gsea-msigdb.org)

Although our systematic analysis yields no molecular traces of SARS-CoV-2 in the brain, we observe broad cellular perturbations indicating that barrier cells of the choroid plexus sense and relay peripheral inflammation into the brain and show that peripheral T cells infiltrate the parenchyma. (nature.com)
Cellular Components of the Immune System The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens. (msdmanuals.com)

Although one typically thinks of carbohydrates as associated with cell growth and viability, glycosylation also has an integral role in many processes leading to cell death. (nature.com)
Glycosylation of classical death receptors fine-tunes cell death programs. (nature.com)
Is there a hallmark 'glycosylation signature' that characterizes the initiation, execution and resolution of cell death programs in physiologic and pathologic settings? (nature.com)
Glycosylation is a major posttranslational modification present in virtually all cells, including T-lymphocytes, that regulates activity/functions. (for2953-sia.de)

Second, T cell therapies using Tregs (either polyclonal, antigen-specific, or genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors) to establish active dominant immune tolerance or T cells (engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors) to delete pathogenic immune cells. (frontiersin.org)
This work has shown that single mutations to the spike's receptor-binding domain (RBD) or N-terminal domain (NTD) can appreciably reduce viral neutralization by polyclonal sera, sometimes by as much as 10-fold. (biorxiv.org)

CD11c(low) langerin+ cells represent skin-derived Langerhans cells, as demonstrated by their high expression of DEC-205/CD205, maturation markers, and recruitment to skin-draining lymph nodes upon imiquimod-induced inflammation. (cnrs.fr)
Loss of immune tolerance to autoantigens associated with a specific organ results in the activation of organ-specific T and B cells that in turn cause organ-specific inflammation and the development of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) ( 5 ), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) ( 6 ), psoriasis ( 7 ), and type 1 diabetes (T1D) ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
The rate-limiting step in cutaneous wound healing, namely, the transition from inflammation to cell proliferation, depends on the high plasticity of macrophages to prevent inflammation in the wound tissues in a timely manner. (megazyme.com)
In conclusion, we revealed that mannosylated thymocytes lead to a dysregulation in T-cell development that is associated with inflammation susceptibility. (for2953-sia.de)

Thus, CD4 T cell assist performs a vital function in producing protecting CD8 T cell responses towards M. tuberculosis an infection in vitro and in vivo. (tbdb.org)

It also supports the proliferation of purified CD3+ cells isolated from peripheral blood and human tumors, and can be used to support the growth of human monocytes, macrophage cells and cell lines, PBL, granulocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells as well as the expansion of HUT-78 and related human lymphocytic cell lines. (lonza.com)

PAM substrates generated by expressing peptidylglycine substrates (glucagon-like peptide 1-Gly, peptide YY-Gly and neuromedin U-Gly) fused to the C-terminus of immunoglobulin Fc in CHO cell lines producing targeted PAM. (biomedcentral.com)
Within the V regions, hypervariable regions determine the specificity of the immunoglobulin (Ig). (msdmanuals.com)

Central tolerance occurs during lymphocyte development in the primary lymphoid organs (i.e. thymus and bone marrow), where T or B cell clones that recognize autoantigens with high-affinity are deleted. (frontiersin.org)
T-cell development ensures the formation of diverse repertoires of T-cell receptors (TCRs) that recognize a variety of antigens. (for2953-sia.de)

We infer vaccines that elicit each CD4 and CD8 T cells are extra seemingly to achieve success than vaccines that elicit solely CD4 or CD8 T cells. (tbdb.org)

TBI macrophage activation in vivo is deeply complex, with individual cells concurrently adopting both inflammatory and reparative features with a lack of exclusivity. (biomedcentral.com)
Elucidating the regulation of RA synthesis by inflammatory cells is critical for understanding the role of RA signaling in shaping immune responses in vivo . (prolekarniky.cz)
C5a is an important chemotactic protein , helping recruit inflammatory cells. (wikidoc.org)

Langerin/CD207 is expressed by a subset of dendritic cells (DC), the epithelial Langerhans cells. (cnrs.fr)

Meanwhile, the cross-reactivity of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells response to Dengue and Zika viruses provide important clues for further development of potential treatments. (frontiersin.org)
Consideration of the genetic identity of both the Dengue and Zika flaviviruses as well as the cross-reactivity of relevant T cells along with the actions of CD4+ cytotoxic cells in these infections are also presented. (frontiersin.org)

Flow cytometry: The reagent is designed for analysis of human blood cells using 10 μl reagent / 100 μl of whole blood or 10 6 cells in a suspension. (exbio.cz)
volume = {37}, number = {0046-8177 (Print)}, pages = {68--77}, abstract = {The mononuclear phagocyte system of human lymphoid tissue comprises macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). (cnrs.fr)
Here, we studied the expression of 2 monocyte-derived markers, CD14 and CD169 (sialoadhesin), in reactive human lymphoid tissue as well as in a series of 51 B-cell lymphomas by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded tissue. (cnrs.fr)
This is in part because the high-quality, fresh-frozen human brain tissue from patients with COVID-19 needed for single-cell transcriptomic studies is largely inaccessible, and methods to isolate human brain barrier cells have only recently emerged 22 , 23 . (nature.com)
These genetic differences may reflect the host specificity of and human ureaplasmas. (tam-receptor.com)
The role of genes ceptibility to HIV infection and the course of HIV of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system in disease. (cdc.gov)
Several human chemokine receptors have been sons than for those homozygous for the wild classified as such on the basis of similarity of type CCR5 (12,17-19,23). (cdc.gov)
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for quantification of Human Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids. (mugen-noe.org)

CD4 T cells are important for immunity to tuberculosis as a result of they produce cytokines, together with interferon-γ. (tbdb.org)
Injection of BCG into the bladder mediates regression of transitional cell carcinomas by stimulating a vigorous local immune response, bathing tumors in cytokines and activated immune cells ( Brandau and Suttmann, 2007 ). (silverchair.com)

C-reactive protein,mannose-binding lectin, and serum amyloid P component activate complement and act as opsonins. (msdmanuals.com)
X-VIVO 10 - designed to support the generation of LAK cells in a serum-free environment. (lonza.com)

We discuss here the contribution of glycan-lectin interactions to the initiation, execution and resolution of apoptosis and their emerging roles in other cell death programs including autophagy. (nature.com)
This practice was considered a secret because the co-stimulatory properties of adjuvants were overshadowed by the focus on antigen interactions with T and B cell receptors. (silverchair.com)
Program access grant to the STFC Harwell Laser Facility 'The Plant Cell Initiative: Protein interactions in the higher plant secretory pathway' 2017-2021 (approximate value of £200K). (brookes.ac.uk)

Homeostatic Raldh expression in immune cells is well described in gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) [7] - [11] , where RA synthesis by antigen presenting cells (APCs) contributes to the recruitment and function of local lymphocyte populations. (prolekarniky.cz)

Neuropilins are receptors for secreted CLASS 3 SEMAPHORINS as well as for vascular endothelial growth factors, and may form hetero- or homodimers. (bvsalud.org)

MyD88 - dependent pathway is induced by various PAMPs stimulating the TLRs on macrophages and dendritic cells. (wikipedia.org)

Saeland E, van Vliet SJ, Bäckström M, van den Berg VC, Geijtenbeek TB, Meijer GA, VAN KOOYK Y. The C-type lectin MGL expressed by dendritic cells detects glycan changes on MUC1 in colon carcinoma. (dc4u-technologies.nl)

Immunovisualization experiments, using a mannoside glycolipid conjugate (MGC) that also suppress LPS-mediated DC activation as control, evidenced a distinct mode of action for the sp2-IGLs: unlike MGCs, DSO2-ONJ did not elicit internalization of the LPS co-receptor CD14 or induce its co-localization with the Toll-like receptor 4. (cnrs.fr)
The analysis of signature polarization genes by single-cell RNA sequencing revealed the presence of diverse activation states, including M(IL4), M(IL10), and M(LPS, IFNγ). (biomedcentral.com)
Once tolerance mechanisms fail to block the activation and differentiation of autoreactive B cells, harmful autoantibodies may get secreted establishing autoimmune diseases. (mdpi.com)

Moreover, we identify a distinct, N-terminal, higher affinity interaction interface between LRRK2 phosphorylated Rab8 and Rab10 termed 'Site #2', that can retain LRRK2 on membranes in cells to catalyze multiple, subsequent phosphorylation events. (stanford.edu)
They may also interact synergistically with plexins and with VEGF RECEPTORS to form receptor complexes with distinct affinities and specificities. (bvsalud.org)

Kupffer cells and other macrophage cell types help clear complement-coated pathogens. (wikidoc.org)

The mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II receptor (M6P/IGF2R) is a multifunctional tumour suppressor which binds a variety of factors that impinge on the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of cancer cells. (boku.ac.at)

Three biochemical pathways activate the complement system: the classical complement pathway , the alternative complement pathway , and the mannose-binding lectin pathway . (wikidoc.org)

Real-time RT-PCR analyses showed that the expression levels of these genes were significantly up-regulated when the cells were grown in mannan-containing media where the induction level of gh5-7 was the highest. (megazyme.com)
Genes down-regulated in comparison of memory IgM B cells versus plasma cells from bone marrow and blood. (gsea-msigdb.org)

Specific endocytosis and degradation of naked DNA in the endocardial cells of cod (Gadus morhua L. (silverchair.com)

Right here we try to ascertain a manufacturing platform of recombinant 38 kDa protein in mammalian cells and to guage the potential worth of 38 kDa protein in TB serodiagnosis. (tbdb.org)

Anatomy28

Organisms16

Chemicals and Drugs136

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes55

Information Science4

Health Care1

Antibodies9

Macrophage mannose receptor3

Uptake6

Lectin receptors2

Lectins8

Proteins10

Galactose and glucose1

Sensitivity and specifi1

Glycoprotein2

ELISA6

Antibody6

Binding Specificity1

Mice5

Transmembrane1

Nucleic acids1

Arabinose xylose1

Phenotype1

Dendritic cell5

Molecules8

Recognition8

Tumor13

Surface6

Intracellular5

Targeting6

Ligand3

Scavenger receptor1

Ligands1

NLRs1

Innate6

Lipopolysaccharide1

Mediate3

Membrane3

Regulatory3

Murine2

Effector2

Gene6

Cellular2

Glycosylation4

Polyclonal2

Inflammation4

Vitro1

Peripheral blood1

Immunoglobulin2

Recognize2

Vaccines1

Inflammatory3

Epithelial1

Reactivity2

Human8

Cytokines2

Serum2

Interactions3

Immune cells1

Endothelial1

TLRs1

Detects1

Activation3

Distinct2

Kupffer1

Multifunctional1

Pathways1

Genes2

Degradation1

Mammalian1