Mannitol occurs. Medical search. Frequent questions

It is currently produced as a 25/75 mixture of mannitol and sorbitol (another sugar alcohol) by high pressure hydrogenation of 50/50 fructose/glucose mixture (corn derived sugars) in an aqueous solution at high temperature with a catalyst. (usda.gov)
Also called sugar alcohols, these include sorbitol, xylitol and mannitol. (theveganrd.com)
Sorbitol Powder & Liquid - Both a naturally occurring sugar like compound found in some fruits, and a compound that is produced for use as a sweetener in diabetic foods. (chefrubber.com)

Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic. (nih.gov)
Such mannitol is excreted by the kidneys and produces osmotic diuresis. (nih.gov)
Besides surgical craniectomy performed in severe cases, osmotherapy may be employed to lower the intracranial pressure by osmotic extraction of cerebral fluid upon intravenous infusion of mannitol or NaCl. (ku.dk)
Results: NaCl was slightly more efficient than mannitol as an osmotic agent. (ku.dk)
They become less effective over time, and a rebound elevation in IOP may occur if the agent penetrates the eye and reverses the osmotic gradient. (aao.org)

Mannitol, Vegetable Cellulose, Vegetable Stearic Acid. (naturesbounty.com)

Common hyperosmotic agents include oral glycerol and intravenous mannitol. (aao.org)

Myoglobinuria should be watched for and treated with fluids and diuretics if it occurs. (medscape.com)

Pathogenic staph, such as Staphylococcus aureus, are mannitol fermenters, and when growing on Mannitol Salt Agar, their wastes turn the MSA a bright yellow color. (chezbebeny.com)
The bacteria grew on mannitol salt agar fermenting mannitol, as shown by the change to yellow of the medium. (chezbebeny.com)
A) Staphylococcus aureus, (B) Staphylococcus epidermidis, and (C) Escherichia coli streaked on a mannitol salt agar plate. (chezbebeny.com)
Selective media can be used to help isolate Staph species such as mannitol salt agar or PEA (phenylethyl alcohol agar). (chezbebeny.com)
Mannitol Salt Agar E. Coli Eosin Methylene Blue Bacteria Staphylococcus Epidermidis - E.colu is a 1668x1668 PNG image with a transparent background. (chezbebeny.com)
Mannitol Salt Agar Spanish Translation REVIEWERS This resource was peer-reviewed at the ASM Conference for Undergraduate Education 2006. (chezbebeny.com)
FIG. Aims: To investigate the use of mannitol salt agar (MSA) supplemented with acriflavine for selective growth and quantification of Staphylococcus aureus from flushed dairy manure wastewater (FDMW). (chezbebeny.com)
Mannitol Salt Agar Intended Use Mannitol Salt Agar is used for the selective isolation and enu- meration of staphylococci from clinical and nonclinical materials. (chezbebeny.com)
Mannitol (sugar) salt agar or MSA is a commonly used selective and differential growth medium in microbiology.It encourages the growth of a group of certain bacteria while inhibiting the growth of others. (chezbebeny.com)
Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is a selective and differential media. (chezbebeny.com)
Mannitol salt agar Last updated November 26, 2020 An MSA plate with Micrococcus sp. (chezbebeny.com)
Staphylococcus epidermidis is salt-tolerant (halophilic) so it will grow on the mannitol salt agar (MSA) Plate and will produce colonies. (chezbebeny.com)
On a Mannitol Salt Agar plate, the organism grows well and turns the plate yellow. (chezbebeny.com)
Samples were collected at the endodontics clinic of São Leopoldo Mandic Dental School, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil and then inoculated in brain heart-infusion (BHI) agar and mannitol salt agar. (bvsalud.org)

Osmotherapy (elevated plasma osmolarity) was mediated by intraperitoneal injection of NaCl or mannitol with inclusion of pharmacological inhibitors of selected ion-transporters present at the capillary lumen or choroidal membranes. (ku.dk)
We initiated apoptosis in HL-60 cells in hypertonic medium consisting of either high concentrations of NaCl, mannitol or KCl. (uzh.ch)

Shift of sodium-free intracellular fluid into the extracellular compartment after mannitol infusion may lower serum sodium concentration and aggravate preexisting hyponatremia. (nih.gov)
Inadequate urine output results in accumulation of mannitol, expansion of extracellular fluid volume and could result in water intoxication or congestive heart failure. (nih.gov)
Mannitol increases extracellular fluid volume and dilutes extracellular stores of sodium, drawing water out of the cells into the plasma. (bcehs.ca)
Accumulation of mannitol caused by inadequate urinary output, or rapid adminsitration of large volumes, may result in the overexpansion of extracellular fluid and circulatory overload causing signs and symptoms of water intoxication. (bcehs.ca)
A substance distributed only in extracellular water (eg, mannitol) is more effective than a drug distributed in total body water (eg, urea). (aao.org)

Serum sodium and potassium should be carefully monitored during mannitol therapy. (nih.gov)
dichlorphenamide and mannitol both decrease serum potassium. (medscape.com)
sodium sulfate/?magnesium sulfate/potassium chloride increases toxicity of mannitol by Other (see comment). (medscape.com)

tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to interferon beta-1b injection, other interferon beta medications (Avonex, Plegridy, Rebif), any other medications, human albumin, mannitol, latex, or any of the other ingredients in interferon beta-1b injection. (medlineplus.gov)

It also contains the inactive ingredients mannitol, human albumin, and 0.54 % sodium chloride solution (as diluent). (myvmc.com)
Each 20-mg vial of lyophilized powder contains sodium hydroxide for a pH of 9-10 and mannitol, which makes the solution isotonic. (medscape.com)

Progressive renal damage or dysfunction after institution of mannitol therapy, including increasing oliguria and azotemia. (nih.gov)
Renal function must be closely monitored during mannitol infusion. (nih.gov)
Mannitol solution must be used with caution in patients with significant cardiopulmonary or renal dysfunction. (nih.gov)
mannitol decreases levels of magnesium chloride by increasing renal clearance. (medscape.com)
Injections of radiocontrast agents are a frequent cause of acute decreases in renal function, occurring most often in patients with chronic renal insufficiency and diabetes mellitus. (nih.gov)
In patients with chronic renal insufficiency who are undergoing cardiac angiography, hydration with 0.45 percent saline provides better protection against acute decreases in renal function induced by radiocontrast agents than does hydration with 0.45 percent saline plus mannitol or furosemide. (nih.gov)

The IOP rises quickly when an acute angle attack occurs and within an hour the pressure can be dangerously elevated. (surgeryencyclopedia.com)
Therefore, it not uncommon for an acute angle closure to occur as an individual with a narrow angle emerges from a dark environment such as a theater into bright light. (surgeryencyclopedia.com)

This medium has great potential to be used in commercial production of mannitol by fermentation. (usda.gov)
fructose:glucose, 4:1) in 22 h using a combination of soy peptone D (5 g/L) and corn steep liquor (50 g/L). This is the first report on the production of mannitol by fermentation using molasses and corn steep liquor. (usda.gov)
Colonies become surrounded by a yellow halo, in 24 to 48 hours, due to fermentation of mannitol. (chezbebeny.com)
Acid is produced if Mannitol fermentation occurs. (chezbebeny.com)
The color change to yellow indicated acid production by Mannitol fermentation. (chezbebeny.com)

The inactive ingredients of Betaferon include small amounts of mannitol (a naturally occurring sugar) and human albumin (a protein). (myvmc.com)

Among the 28 patients in the saline group, 3 (11 percent) had such an increase in serum creatinine, as compared with 7 of 25 in the mannitol group (28 percent) and 10 of 25 in the furosemide group (40 percent) (P = 0.05). (nih.gov)

One lactic acid bacterium from the ARS Culture Collection (Peoria, IL) was found to be an excellent producer of mannitol from fructose. (usda.gov)
A low-cost medium containing molasses and fructose syrup and corn steep liquor (by-product of corn wet-milling industries) has been developed for mannitol production by the bacterium. (usda.gov)
Fructose is the sweetest of all naturally occurring sugars, the relative sweetness of fructose is 117 when measured to sucrose. (chefrubber.com)

Mannitol occurs naturally in fruits and vegetables, and is metabolically inert in humans. (nih.gov)
Metabolically, S. aureus can utilize mannitol, which is not seen with other staphylococcal species, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis. (taylorfrancis.com)

The diuresis after rapid infusion of mannitol may increase preexisting hemoconcentration. (nih.gov)
Closely monitor the urine output and discontinue mannitol infusion promptly if output is low. (nih.gov)

The patients were randomly assigned to receive 0.45 percent saline alone for 12 hours before and 12 hours after angiography, saline plus mannitol, or saline plus furosemide. (nih.gov)
The mannitol and furosemide were given just before angiography. (nih.gov)

Mannitol is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. (nih.gov)

An angle closure occurs when drainage of the aqueous fluid through the trabecular meshwork is blocked and the intraocular pressure builds up as a result. (surgeryencyclopedia.com)

Sugars occur naturally in fruits, vegetables and can also be refined, then added to food items. (food-management.com)

Lactose is "milk sugar," and occurs in dairy products. (food-management.com)
Sugar alcohols are used in many sugar-free items, and small amounts occur naturally in plant foods. (diabetesdaily.com)
These are naturally occurring "sugar alcohols" and while they add sweetness, they carry little to no sugar or calories. (cancer.org)
MSA also contains the sugar mannitol and the pH indicator phenol red. (chezbebeny.com)
There are two different types of sugar: naturally occurring, and added sugars. (chefrubber.com)
Simple sugar occurs naturally in foods like milk and fruit and are added to processed food to enhance the texture and shelf life. (chefrubber.com)

Mannitol injection is free of electrolytes and is used in urology as a nonhemolytic irrigant. (nih.gov)
With continued use of mannitol a loss of water in excess of electrolytes can cause hypernatremia. (nih.gov)
Mannitol has complex effects on electrolytes. (openanesthesia.org)

Melatonin is a naturally occurring hormone that is produced in the body and is closely involved in the natural sleep cycle. (puritan.com)

The sweetest of all naturally occurring sugars. (chefrubber.com)

mannitol increases levels of tobramycin by unspecified interaction mechanism. (medscape.com)
lurasidone increases effects of mannitol by Other (see comment). (medscape.com)

In cats and horses, glaucoma is often associated with anterior uveitis, although primary glaucoma can rarely occur in both species. (merckvetmanual.com)

Interferons are naturally occurring proteins produced by the body that help fight against attacks on the immune system such as viral infections. (myvmc.com)

Angle closure of the eye occurs when the trabecular meshwork, the drainage site for ocular fluid, is blocked by the iris. (surgeryencyclopedia.com)
When this occurs, the iris moves away from the trabecular meshwork, and proper drainage of the intraocular fluid is enabled. (surgeryencyclopedia.com)
An angle closure occurs when ocular anomalies (abnormalities) temporarily or permanently block the trabecular meshwork, restricting drainage of the ocular fluid. (surgeryencyclopedia.com)

After this hypernatremic dehydration may occur. (openanesthesia.org)

When the anesthesia provider first suspects that an MH reaction may be occurring, the surgeon should be notified promptly, and a decision should be made about whether the procedure is to be continued or canceled. (medscape.com)

Where drugs have a short half-life, and when the date of conception is certain, this may allow women to be reassured where drug exposure has occurred within this time frame. (medscape.co.uk)

In group I, PEG was given per orally or through nasogastric tube at the rate of 1.5 gm powder/kg/dose, in group II, PEG & Mannitol were given orally or via nasogastric tube. (banglajol.info)
PEG was administered as same dose of group I and mannitol 20% at a dose of 10 ml/kg/dose. (banglajol.info)
The initial dose is 2.5 mg/kg, repeated every 5 minutes until reversal of the reaction occurs or a total dose of 10 mg/kg (or 20 mg/kg, according to some practitioners) is reached. (medscape.com)

The consequences of a stroke, the type of functions affected, and the severity depend on where in the brain it has occurred and the extent of the damage. (adam.com)

This condition occurs with hyperglycemia or administration of mannitol. (medscape.com)
7. Participants with reversibility of at least 12% and 200 mL in FEV1 after administration of up to 8 puffs (800 µg) of albuterol/salbutamol or levalbuterol/levosalbutamol at Screening (Visit 1), or a documented history within 5 years prior to Visit 1 of either positive reversibility testing meeting these criteria or a positive bronchoprovocation test with methacholine, mannitol, histamine, or acetylcholine (per local guidelines for use). (who.int)

The amount of mannitol absorbed intravascularly during transurethral prostatic surgery is variable and depends primarily on the extent of the surgery. (nih.gov)

Avanafil occurs as white crystalline powder, molecular formula C 23 H 26 ClN 7 O 3 and molecular weight of 483.95 and is slightly soluble in ethanol, practically insoluble in water, soluble in 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid. (rxlist.com)

TIAs confer a 10% risk of stroke within 30 days, and one half of the strokes occurring after a TIA, occurred within 48 hours. (medscape.com)

Mannitol solution, 2.5% is indicated as an irrigation solution in transurethral prostatic resection or other transurethral surgical procedures. (nih.gov)

This document does not contain all possible side effects and others may occur. (rxlist.com)

Diarrhea occurs when not enough water is removed from the stool, making the stool loose and poorly formed. (msdmanuals.com)

RESULTS: Occupational injuries occurred at an average rate of 176.2 (95% CI=30.9) per 10,000 FTE during the study period. (cdc.gov)

In contrast, nonpathogenic Staph such as Staphylococcus epidermidis (aka Staph epi), the normal flora that grows on human skin, does not ferment mannitol. (chezbebeny.com)

Progressive heart failure or pulmonary congestion after mannitol therapy is started. (nih.gov)

Conclusions: A brain volume regulatory response occurs during osmotherapy, leading to the rebound response. (ku.dk)

However, airway inflammation and remodelling also occur in cold weather athletes with and without asthma and EIB. (bmj.com)

1) Outbreaks of the more severe form of dengue, DHF, occurred in Cuba in 1981 (2) and in Venezuela in 1989. (cdc.gov)

Temperature abuse occurs when food is kept in the temperature danger zone - 4.4 to 60°C (40 to 140°F) - for prolonged periods of time. (taylorfrancis.com)

secondary progressive forms (course of disease where relapses occur more often). (medlineplus.gov)

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs14

Phenomena and Processes4

Sorbitol3

Osmotic5

Vegetable Stearic Acid1

Intravenous1

Diuretics1

Salt Agar14

NaCl2

Extracellular5

Potassium3

Interferon be1

Sodium2

Renal6

Acute2

Fermentation5

Ingredients1

Serum1

Fructose3

Metabolically2

Infusion2

Furosemide2

Poorly absorbed1

Aqueous1

Naturally in fruits1

Sugar6

Electrolytes3

Closely1

Sugars1

Increases2

Species1

Proteins1

Fluid3

Dehydration1

Promptly1

Drugs1

Dose3

Severity1

Administration2

Extent1

Powder1

Hours1

Solution1

Effects1

Water1

Results1

Human1

Therapy1

Rebound1

Inflammation1

Severe1

Food1

Progressive1