Mammalian olfactory receptor. Medical search. Frequent questions

The olfactory receptors form a multigene family consisting of around 800 genes in humans and 1400 genes in mice. (wikipedia.org)
The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. (nih.gov)
The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms. (nih.gov)
They found about a thousand genes and are now unravelling how the receptors they encode recognise around ten thousand odours. (newscientist.com)
Olfaction is one of the most primitive of our senses, and the olfactory receptors that mediate this very important chemical sense comprise the largest family of genes in the mammalian genome. (duke.edu)
The valuable source of large-scale genomic information initiated attempts to identify the origin(s) of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), count and categorize those genes, and follow their evolutionary history. (springer.com)
The chapter summarizes evolutionary processes working on GPCR genes and sheds light on their consequences at the levels of receptor structure and function. (springer.com)
In fact, there are nearly 1,000 genes coding for olfactory proteins-that's more than any other group of genes in the entire genome 1 . (helix.com)
OR2M7 is among many olfactory genes that code for olfactory receptors, which are proteins that detect airborne molecules and initiate a relay of signaling back to the brain. (helix.com)
Genetic Basis of Olfactory Cognition: Extremely High Level of DNA Sequence Polymorphism in Promoter Regions of the Human Olfactory Receptor Genes Revealed Using the 1000 Genomes Project Dataset. (helix.com)
Olfactory receptor (OR) genes compose the largest mammalian gene family consisted of more than 1000 members. (columbia.edu)
These genes are expressed in a stochastic and mutually exclusive fashion in such a way that only one OR allele is expressed in each olfactory sensory neuron. (columbia.edu)
According to our findings, OR genes undergo chromatin mediated silencing at a developmental stage that precedes olfactory receptor activation. (columbia.edu)
Clowney EJ, Magklara A, Colquitt BM, Pathak N, Lane RP, Lomvardas S. High-throughput mapping of the promoters of the mouse olfactory receptor genes reveals a new type of mammalian promoter and provides insight into olfactory receptor gene regulation. (columbia.edu)
It turns out that there's a weird little South American rodent that nobody seems to know very much about that has a huge number of olfactory genes and receptors," says Karlsson. (wuky.org)

In vertebrates, the olfactory receptors are located in both the cilia and synapses of the olfactory sensory neurons and in the epithelium of the human airway. (wikipedia.org)
(B) A coronal section of the main olfactory epithelium, dorsal to the upper right. (frontiersin.org)
When smelly molecules waft over the olfactory epithelium inside the nose, they bind to receptors on neurons, triggering electrical impulses that travel to the olfactory bulb in the brain. (newscientist.com)
Medical School in Boston, isolated the gene family that codes for all the receptor proteins in the mammalian olfactory epithelium. (newscientist.com)
Neurons in the OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM with proteins ( RECEPTORS, ODORANT ) that bind, and thus detect, odorants. (lookformedical.com)
These neurons send their DENDRITES to the surface of the epithelium with the odorant receptors residing in the apical non-motile cilia . (lookformedical.com)
It is formed by the axons of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS which project from the olfactory epithelium (in the nasal epithelium) to the OLFACTORY BULB . (lookformedical.com)
The M71 transgene suppresses expression of endogenous ORs, and remaining endogenous expression is mostly restricted to immature neurons in the olfactory epithelium. (qscience.com)
In addition to the olfactory neurons, the epithelium is composed of supporting cells, Bowman glands and ducts unique to the olfactory epithelium, and basal cells that allow for the regeneration of the epithelium, including the olfactory sensory neurons. (medscape.com)
The SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 was extensively detected by IHC within turbinate epithelium, with decreased detection in lower respiratory tract epithelium and alveolar macrophages. (cdc.gov)

Crabtree, in 1978, had previously suggested that Cu(I) is "the most likely candidate for a metallo-receptor site in olfaction" for strong-smelling volatiles which are also good metal-coordinating ligands, such as thiols. (wikipedia.org)
Personal receptor repertoires: olfaction as a model. (nih.gov)
The olfactory receptor (OR) gene families, which govern mammalian olfaction, have undergone extensive expansion and contraction through duplication and pseudogenization. (bvsalud.org)
Conductive olfaction and nose to brain drug delivery are important processes that remain limited by inadequate odorant or drug delivery to the olfactory airspace. (duke.edu)
In addition, ORs were recently shown to be expressed in many nonolfactory tissues and cells, indicating that these receptors have physiological and pathophysiological roles beyond olfaction. (bmbreports.org)
Odorants can also be perceived by entering the nose posteriorly through the nasopharynx to reach the olfactory receptor via retronasal olfaction. (medscape.com)

The primary sequences of thousands of olfactory receptors are known from the genomes of more than a dozen organisms: they are seven-helix transmembrane proteins, but there are very few solved structures. (wikipedia.org)
This concept implies that olfactory receptor proteins are located in sensory cilia and in the axons. (jneurosci.org)
By means of immunohistochemistry and double-labeling studies using transgenic mouse lines as well as Western blot analyses, it was demonstrated that the newly generated antibodies specifically recognized the receptor proteins. (jneurosci.org)
To scrutinize the hypothesis that olfactory receptor proteins may also be present in the axonal processes and the nerve terminals, serial sections through the olfactory bulb were probed with the antibodies. (jneurosci.org)
These data indicate that olfactory receptor (OR) proteins are indeed present in the axonal processes and nerve terminals of olfactory sensory neurons, thus supporting the notion that ORs may participate in the molecular processes underlying the fasciculation and targeting of olfactory axons. (jneurosci.org)
The question whether OR proteins are indeed present in the axons and nerve terminals of OSNs is thus of fundamental importance toward an understanding of the functional wiring in the olfactory system. (jneurosci.org)
In this study, antibodies were generated against unique epitopes of distinct OR types and used in immunohistochemical experiments to visualize the receptor proteins in whole-mount preparations and tissue sections of the olfactory system. (jneurosci.org)
Sequence comparison does not support an evolutionary link between halobacterial retinal proteins including bacteriorhodopsin and eukaryotic G-protein-coupled receptors. (springer.com)
This makes it possible to reassess the diversity status of distinct receptor proteins in different human individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, we attempt to check whether we'd elicit ligand-dependent behavioural reactions in em C. elegans /em by expressing mammalian GPCRs in the ASH and ADL gustatory neurons, because they are straight exposed to the surroundings allowing gain access to of proteins and peptide ligands towards the heterologous receptors. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Proteins, usually projecting from the cilia of olfactory receptor neurons , that specifically bind odorant molecules and trigger responses in the neurons . (lookformedical.com)
Olfactory sensors based on odor-binding proteins (OBPs) have been utilized to analyze pollutants in food and air samples, while their application for the detection of typical odor-causing compounds in drinking water is rarely reported, partly due to the lack of knowledge about the binding properties of odorants. (springeropen.com)
Figure 1: Taste Receptor T1r Proteins from Medaka Fish (mf). (nature.com)
The rhodopsin-like GPCRs (GPCRA) represent a widespread protein family that includes hormone, neurotransmitter and light receptors, all of which transduce extracellular signals through interaction with guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins. (embl.de)

These receptors are members of the class A rhodopsin-like family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). (wikipedia.org)
Golebiowski, Ma and Matsunami showed that the mechanism of ligand recognition, although similar to other non-olfactory class A GPCRs, involves residues specific to olfactory receptors, notably in the sixth helix. (wikipedia.org)
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) belong to the largest class of drug targets. (mdpi.com)
Krishnan A, Almen MS, Fredriksson R et al (2012) The origin of GPCRs: identification of mammalian like Rhodopsin, Adhesion, Glutamate and Frizzled GPCRs in fungi. (springer.com)
Odorant receptors (ORs) are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are essential for detecting and distinguishing among odorants. (bmbreports.org)
Background G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play an essential role in lots of natural processes and represent a significant class of drug targets. (exposed-skin-care.net)
We demonstrate that mammalian heterologous GPCRs can transmission via different endogenous 1062368-24-4 supplier G subunits in em C. elegans /em , based on which cells it really is indicated in. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Furthermore, pre-exposure of GPCR transgenic pets to its ligand prospects to receptor desensitisation and behavioural version to following ligand publicity, providing further proof integration from the mammalian GPCRs in to the em C. elegans /em sensory signalling equipment. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Summary Our outcomes illustrate an extraordinary evolutionary plasticity in relationships between mammalian GPCRs and em C. elegans /em signalling equipment, spanning 800 million many years of development. (exposed-skin-care.net)
As with mammalian systems, GPCRs play a significant part in the recognition of sensory 1062368-24-4 supplier indicators, and these indicators are relayed in the cell by heterotrimeric G protein. (exposed-skin-care.net)
As opposed to mammalian chemosensory systems, the em C. elegans /em sensory neurons exhibit multiple GPCRs in each sensory neuron using many G subunits per neuron for sensory transduction, hence enabling the nematode to react particularly to different environmental cues only using several sensory neurons [2-4]. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Considering that mammalian GPCRs are a significant group of medication targets, it might be an advantage with an available em in vivo /em program to research GPCR interactions using its particular agonists and antagonists. (exposed-skin-care.net)
T1rs are class C G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), and the extracellular ligand binding domains (LBDs) of T1r1/T1r3 and T1r2/T1r3 heterodimers are responsible for binding of chemical substances eliciting umami or sweet taste. (nature.com)
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute a vast protein family that encompasses a wide range of functions, including various autocrine, paracrine and endocrine processes. (embl.de)

Rather than binding specific ligands, olfactory receptors display affinity for a range of odor molecules, and conversely a single odorant molecule may bind to a number of olfactory receptors with varying affinities, which depend on physio-chemical properties of molecules like their molecular volumes. (wikipedia.org)
Such isotope effects are exceedingly common, and so it is well known that deuterium substitution will indeed change the binding constants of molecules to protein receptors. (wikipedia.org)
Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. (nih.gov)
Olfactory receptors are supposed to act not only as molecular sensors for odorants but also as cell recognition molecules guiding the axons of olfactory neurons to their appropriate glomerulus in the olfactory bulb. (jneurosci.org)
in the cilia recognizing odorous molecules from the environment and in the axons recognizing molecular cues in the olfactory bulb. (jneurosci.org)
In mammals, the perception of smell starts with the activation of odorant receptors (ORs) by volatile molecules in the environment. (duke.edu)
The mammalian olfactory system uses a large family of odorant receptors to detect and discriminate amongst a myriad of volatile odor molecules. (duke.edu)
Similarly, changes in the DNA can also cause the olfactory receptors to recognize different molecules, or to be less sensitive to those molecules 1 . (helix.com)
To stimulate the olfactory receptors, airborne molecules must pass through the nasal cavity with relatively turbulent air currents and contact the receptors. (medscape.com)

An olfactory cilia pattern in the mammalian nose ensures high sensitivity to odors. (upenn.edu)

To approach this critical issue, antibodies were generated against two peptides, one derived from olfactory receptor mOR256-17, one derived from the "mOR37" subfamily. (jneurosci.org)
On serial sections through the olfactory bulb of mOR37-transgenic mouse lines, double-labeling experiments demonstrated that distinct immunoreactive glomeruli corresponded to glomeruli that were targeted by neurons expressing a particular member of the mOR37 receptor subfamily. (jneurosci.org)
Odorant receptors (ORs), the largest subfamily of G proteincoupled receptors, detect odorants in the nose. (bmbreports.org)

The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. (nih.gov)
The olfactory receptors (ORs), which are G-protein coupled receptors, number more than 1,000 and comprise the largest gene family in the mammalian genome. (qscience.com)
A database of human olfactory receptos, the largest gene family in multi-cellular organisms. (weizmann.ac.il)

The accessory olfactory system may complement the main olfactory system and may contribute different perceptual features to the construction of a unitary representation, which merges the different chemosensory qualities. (frontiersin.org)
The main olfactory system originates from the olfactory mucosa and projects to the main olfactory bulb (MOB), while the VNO, described by Jacobson in 1813 ( Trotier and Doving, 1998 ) projects to the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB, see Figure 2 ). (frontiersin.org)

Kim JY, Haastert PV, Devreotes PN (1996) Social senses: G-protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways in Dictyostelium discoideum . (springer.com)
Thus both odors activate the same olfactory glomerulus, just through different neuronal pathways. (scitechdaily.com)

Olfactory receptors (ORs), also known as odorant receptors, are chemoreceptors expressed in the cell membranes of olfactory receptor neurons and are responsible for the detection of odorants (for example, compounds that have an odor) which give rise to the sense of smell. (wikipedia.org)
Odorants diffuse into the mucous and are transported to the olfactory receptor. (medscape.com)

Approximately half of the members of the human GPCR superfamily are chemosensory receptors, including odorant receptors (ORs), trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs), sweet and umami taste receptors (TAS1Rs). (mdpi.com)
Current strategies utilised to review mammalian GPCR-ligand connections are mainly em in vitro /em systems, that are not often an accurate representation of em in vivo /em connections. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Using em C. elegans /em to review em in vivo /em GPCR-ligand connections is an benefit because functional appearance of heterologous olfactory receptors in the AWA and AWB olfactory neurons provides previously been proven (Milani em et al /em ) [5] and our unpublished observations. (exposed-skin-care.net)
The receptor activation mechanism of the class A GPCR members, consisting solely of the transmembrane region, has been considered to occur via agonist binding, which changes the conformational dynamics of the protein by lowering the transition energy between the different states, and results in the transition towards the active-state conformation 9 . (nature.com)
Due to the lack of structural information of T1r receptors, their functional mechanisms have so far been conjectured from the crystallographic observation on the other class C GPCR members. (nature.com)

Neurons with the same receptors at their ends run to the same pair of nodes, or glomeruli, in the olfactory bulb. (newscientist.com)
The olfactory bulb contains several types of nerve cells including the mitral cells, on whose DENDRITES the olfactory nerve synapses , forming the olfactory glomeruli. (lookformedical.com)
Glomeruli are spherical functional units in the antennal lobe, the olfactory center in the fly brain. (scitechdaily.com)

(C) A horizontal section through the main and accessory olfactory bulb. (frontiersin.org)
The arrows indicate the projections from the MOE to the main olfactory bulb (right) and from the VNO to the AOB (left). (frontiersin.org)
Odor sensing starts with olfactory sensory neurons in the nose, which carry the information to the olfactory bulb and subsequently to several cortical and subcortical regions. (upenn.edu)
The stem cell marker Lgr5 defines a subset of postmitotic neurons in the olfactory bulb. (upenn.edu)
their axonal projections converge onto one medial and one lateral glomerulus in the olfactory bulb. (jneurosci.org)
Their unmyelinated AXONS synapse in the OLFACTORY BULB of the BRAIN . (lookformedical.com)
The accessory olfactory bulb , which receives the projection from the VOMERONASAL ORGAN via the vomeronasal nerve, is also included here. (lookformedical.com)

This olfactory receptor gene is a segregating pseudogene, where some individuals have an allele that encodes a functional olfactory receptor, while other individuals have an allele encoding a protein that is predicted to be non-functional. (nih.gov)
These results portray a case of unusually high genetic diversity, and suggest that individual humans have a highly personalized inventory of functional olfactory receptors, a conclusion that might apply to other receptor multigene families. (biomedcentral.com)

In insects, olfactory receptors are located on the antennae and other chemosensory organs. (wikipedia.org)

In addition to detecting odors, olfactory sensory neurons also serve as mechanical sensors, thus the nose transmits both odor information and nasal breathing signal into the brain. (upenn.edu)
The ability to detect scents or odors , such as the function of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS . (lookformedical.com)
Other insects, such as honey bees and hawk moths, have olfactory systems with a similar architecture and might also employ a similar spatial approach to encode information regarding the intensity and identity of odors. (elifesciences.org)
This is consistent with evidence that women are superior in detecting, discriminating, and identifying odors and that they have a higher gray matter concentration in olfactory areas of the OFC. (mit.edu)
We conclude that early visual processing is influenced by olfactory cues because of associations between odors and the objects that emit them, and that these associations are stronger in women than in men. (mit.edu)
Both odors together intensify the activation of DA1," explains Silke Sachse, head of the "Olfactory Coding" research group. (scitechdaily.com)
The more general rule is that different odors rather inhibit each other and lead to mixture inhibition which allows the olfactory system not to become saturated when more than one odor is perceived," Silke Sachse emphasizes. (scitechdaily.com)

Rodents primarily use olfactory cues to guide their behaviors, e.g., locating food, communicating with conspecifics, and avoiding danger. (upenn.edu)

Violin JD, Lefkowitz RJ (2007) Beta-arrestin-biased ligands at seven-transmembrane receptors. (springer.com)
Nevertheless, olfactory neurons aren't straight exposed to the surroundings, but are inserted in the glial-like amphid sheath cells, producing them inaccessible to nonvolatile soluble ligands [1]. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Right here we display that transgenic em C. elegans /em expressing mammalian Sstr2 and CCR5 in the ASH and ADL nociceptive neurons screen specific and strong avoidance responses with their particular ligands. (exposed-skin-care.net)

There are approximately 400 different types of olfactory receptors located on the tips of specialized neurons in the nasal cavity 2 . (helix.com)

Thus, by using a chemical that binds to copper in the mouse nose, so that copper wasn't available to the receptors, the authors showed that the mice couldn't detect the thiols. (wikipedia.org)

The accessory olfactory system may differ in morphology even in closely related species, most probably in relation to functional specialization (for a review, see Salazar and Quinteiro, 2009 ). (frontiersin.org)

The sense of smell is mediated through stimulation of the olfactory receptor cells by volatile chemicals. (medscape.com)

olfactory mucosa was mostly spared. (cdc.gov)

Responsiveness of G protein-coupled odorant receptors is partially attributed to the activation mechanism. (upenn.edu)
Conserved residues control activation of mammalian G Protein-coupled odorant receptors. (upenn.edu)
The nociceptive neurons, ASH and ADL, travel repulsive reactions, [6] therefore receptor activation is usually reflected within an avoidance response on ligand publicity, which may be analysed using strong behavioural assays [7,8]. (exposed-skin-care.net)

Three distinct families of putative pheromone receptors have been identified in the vomeronasal organ (V1Rs, V2Rs and V3Rs). (embl.de)

Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. (nih.gov)
His interests and those of his research groups have included exploring the mechanisms of ion permeation and selectivity in ion channels, the relationship between the molecular structure and the physiological function of channels, such as those of the inhibitory neurotransmitter receptor glycine channel and the olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channel, and investigating the factors that determine their ion permeation, selectivity and conductance. (edu.au)

A ubiquitous, cytoplasmic protein found in mature OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS of all VERTEBRATES. (lookformedical.com)

Malfunction of the metalloproteins in the olfactory system is hypothesized to have a connection with amyloidal based neurodegenerative diseases. (wikipedia.org)
The accessory olfactory system is present in most tetrapods. (frontiersin.org)
The first functional investigation of the accessory olfactory system pointed to a general chemosensation role. (frontiersin.org)
The olfactory system is closely connected with other brain regions that are involved in cognition and emotion, which may underlie strong associations between smell deficits and neuropsychiatric disorders. (upenn.edu)
Almost nothing is known about how the olfactory system is wired to the emotional and cognitive centres of the brain. (newscientist.com)
The mammalian olfactory system can recognise some 10 000 different odours. (newscientist.com)
It has been reported to inhibit acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme important in the mammalian nervous system. (genengnews.com)
Schioth HB, Fredriksson R (2005) The GRAFS classification system of G-protein coupled receptors in comparative perspective. (springer.com)
Although it's an important system, scientists don't yet know exactly how it works, in part because the olfactory system (the collection of cells and organs that allow us to smell) is extremely complex and diverse. (helix.com)
addressed how attractiveness or repulsiveness of a smell, and also the strength of a smell, are processed by a part of the olfactory system called the lateral horn in fruit flies. (elifesciences.org)
The gross anatomy (peripheral and central nervous system) of taste, microscopic and ultrastructural morphology of taste buds, physiology of taste (modalities, distribution of taste sensations, electrophysiology of the receptors, mechanism and intensity of stimulation, and taste contrasts), as well as a few clinical applications, are discussed in this article. (medscape.com)

ORs are expressed both monogenically and monoallelically in olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and the mechanism that controls their regulation is largely unknown. (qscience.com)

Once the odorant has bound to the odor receptor, the receptor undergoes structural changes and it binds and activates the olfactory-type G protein on the inside of the olfactory receptor neuron. (wikipedia.org)
The cAMP opens cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels which allow calcium and sodium ions to enter into the cell, depolarizing the olfactory receptor neuron and beginning an action potential which carries the information to the brain. (wikipedia.org)
Each neuron has only one type of receptor, and each receptor responds to a single section of an odorous molecule. (newscientist.com)
We hypothesize that unresolved OR competition compromised the neuron's ability to express only one receptor. (qscience.com)

In the locust, olfactory information is sent from peripheral olfactory organs to the antennal lobe (AL) and is then carried as the oscillatory output of a synchronized population of projection neurons (PNs) ( Wehr and Laurent, 1996 ) to two higher olfactory centers. (jneurosci.org)

Scientists at the University of California, Riverside have identified neurons in Drosophila antennae that express a highly conserved, DEET-sensitive olfactory receptor, Ir40a. (genengnews.com)

Pan troglodytes olfactory receptor 4D6 (LOC466613), mRNA. (genscript.com)

The LH has also been proposed to encode innate olfactory preferences. (jneurosci.org)

Activated olfactory receptors trigger nerve impulses which transmit information about odor to the brain. (wikipedia.org)
Ovoid body resting on the CRIBRIFORM PLATE of the ethmoid bone where the OLFACTORY NERVE terminates. (lookformedical.com)
The olfactory nerve conveys the sense of smell . (lookformedical.com)
Set of nerve fibers conducting impulses from olfactory receptors to the cerebral cortex. (lookformedical.com)
Head anatomy with olfactory nerve. (medscape.com)

It is somewhat unclear how genetic variants affect a person's sense of smell, because olfactory systems are very difficult to recreate in the research lab. (helix.com)
They were also able to tease out genetic differences between mammalian species, which allowed them to probe the possible genetic underpinnings of unique traits such as the ability to hibernate, or an extremely sensitive sense of smell. (wuky.org)

The unique identity of an odour is represented by the combination of receptors it activates. (newscientist.com)
The male sex pheromone, in contrast to the vinegar, activates DA1 directly through the specialized olfactory receptor Or67d. (scitechdaily.com)

Nordstrom KJ, Sallman Almen M, Edstam M et al (2011) Independent HHsearch, Needleman-Wunsch-based, and motif analyses reveal the overall hierarchy for most of the G protein-coupled receptor families. (springer.com)

To this end, we focused on the complete inventory of human olfactory receptor coding regions as a model for personal receptor repertoires. (biomedcentral.com)

2018-02-15 00:00:00 Bats are unique among mammals, possessing some of the rarest mammalian adaptations, including true self-powered flight, laryngeal echolocation, exceptional longevity, unique immunity, contracted genomes, and vocal learning. (deepdyve.com)

In the mammalian retina, cone photoreceptors efficiently adapt to changing background light intensity and, therefore, are able to signal small differences in luminance between objects and backgrounds, even when the absolute intensity of the background changes over five to six orders of magnitude. (silverchair.com)

Repellents that might have succeeded DEET were never developed, mainly because the receptor in insects for DEET remained unknown. (genengnews.com)

Here, we identify the OR gene families driving adaptation to different ecological niches by mapping the fate of species-specific gene duplications in the OR repertoire of 94 diverse mammalian taxa, using molecular phylogenomic methods. (bvsalud.org)
Genetic drift and selective forces have shaped the individual structure of a given receptor gene but also of the species-specific receptor repertoire - a process that is still ongoing. (springer.com)

Researchers explore the triggers for specific odor receptors and find no two people smell things the same way. (neurosciencenews.com)

Perception of these chemical signals may be olfactory or by contact. (lookformedical.com)

Somatostatin receptors bind two isoforms of the tetradecapeptide, SST-14 and -28 [9,10]. (exposed-skin-care.net)

A probabilistic classifier for olfactory receptor pseudogenes. (nih.gov)

In search of a molecular explanation for this observation we assessed Ca 2+ -dependent modulation of ligand sensitivity in cyclic GMP-gated (CNG) ion channels of intact mammalian rods and cones. (silverchair.com)
Our research program aims to understand the molecular mechanisms of olfactory receptor gene choice. (columbia.edu)
Here we show the first molecular view of reception of a taste substance by a taste receptor, where the binding of the taste substance elicits a different conformational state of T1r2/T1r3 LBD heterodimer. (nature.com)

Crosstalk between the main and accessory olfactory systems occurs at different levels of central processing, in brain areas where the inputs from the two systems converge. (frontiersin.org)
Complex interactions are now emerging between the main and accessory olfactory systems, both at anatomical and at functional level. (frontiersin.org)
The main and accessory olfactory epithelia of the mouse, and their first central targets, the main and accessory olfactory bulbs. (frontiersin.org)

Mammalian Odorant Receptors: Functional Evolution and Variation. (helix.com)
Mammalian evolution kind of starts off slow back in the Cretaceous, but it's there," says Foley. (wuky.org)
A set of specialized features supply a global overview of their evolution and function, including information on the phylogenetic relationship to olfactory receptors from other mammalian species. (weizmann.ac.il)

Anatomy16

Organisms11

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs13

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes9

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care1

Genes15

Epithelium10

Olfaction6

Proteins14

GPCRs14

Molecules9

Cilia1

Subfamily3

Gene family3

Main olfactory system2

Pathways2

Odorants2

GPCR5

Glomeruli3

Bulb7

Functional olfactory2

Chemosensory1

Odors7

Cues1

Ligands3

Approximately 4001

Nose1

Related species1

Volatile1

Mucosa1

Activation3

Vomeronasal organ1

Neurotransmitter2

Vertebrates1

System11

Mechanism1

Neuron4

Antennal lobe1

Antennae1

MRNA1

Encode1

Nerve5

Sense of sm2

Activates2

Protein-coupled receptor1

Repertoires1

Genomes1

Retina1

Insects1

Repertoire2

Smell1

Perception1

Bind1

Pseudogenes1

Molecular3

Accessory3

Evolution3