Mammalian bovine stage pre implantation embryo. Medical search. Frequent questions

The synchronization and ovulatory responses of Sangsari cross bred ewes and metabolism of energy substrates in 8-cell stage embryos to hatched blastocysts stage produced in vitro or in vivo were investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
Surgical embryo recovery was performed on Days 4 and 6 after onset of estrus (Day 0) and recovered embryos were subjected to comparative metabolism studies with in vitro derived embryos at the same stage of development. (biomedcentral.com)
While the pattern of oxidation was similar among in vitro and in vivo derived embryos, a low pyruvate to lactate ratio was the preferred substrate of embryos derived in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
The production of CO2 from glucose by sheep embryos has been determined[ 3 ] and results have indicated that little glucose is utilized by the embryos of sheep and that blastocysts derived from oocytes, matured and fertilized in vitro , oxidized glucose at a lower rate than those developed in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
Huang J.C., Lei Z.L., Shi L.H., Miao Y.L., Yang J.W., Ouyang Y.C., Sun Q.Y., Chen D.Y., Comparison of histone modifications in in vivo and in vitro fertilization mouse embryos. (biologie-journal.org)
SECM technique may be a valuable tool for accurately assessing the quality of embryos and thereby contribute to improving outcomes associated with assisted reproduction, including human in vitro fertilization. (bioone.org)
Influence of organochlorine pesticides on development of mouse embryos in vitro . (cdc.gov)
1998. Influence of organochlorine pesticides on maturation and post-fertilization development of bovine oocytes in vitro . (cdc.gov)
The in vitro embryo production (IVEP) is very stressful for gametes. (vetmedmosul.com)
Scientists attempting to discover the basic requirements for successful embryo development have a hurdle when using in vitro embryo manufacturing strategies (2). (vetmedmosul.com)
ROS are free radicals that are continuously produced by oxidative metabolic reactions and increase in vitro conditions, causing aging of both the oocyte (7) and sperm (8), as well as perhaps impairing fertilization and embryo development. (vetmedmosul.com)
Oocytes and embryos are not provided with this level of protection when in vitro production (9). (vetmedmosul.com)
As a result, developing a culture medium capable of effectively reducing ROS in vitro embryo production (IVEP) protocols is of tremendous importance (10). (vetmedmosul.com)
2019). Akin to the dynamic nutrient requirements of the developing embryo, discrete in vitro cell states have distinct metabolic profiles (Zhou et al. (conditionmed.org)

Considering that rodent oocytes have around 75% less surface area than oocytes of larger mammalian species, sperm binding in this region is more probable thereby possibly necessitating the need for local blocking. (wikipedia.org)
Mammalian ovaries are endowed with a huge number of small oocytes (primordial oocytes) in primordial follicles. (go.jp)
oxidative stress is the most prominent one, which will cause damage or alter the genetic material of the sperm and reduce the quality of the oocytes, and has a crucial impact on the possibility of developing embryos even after implantation. (vetmedmosul.com)
In conclusion, melatonin could be a promising tool for improving sperm competence for fertilizing oocytes and embryo development in sheep. (vetmedmosul.com)
Oocytes, sperms, and embryos are shielded from oxidative stress in their natural environment by free radical scavengers found in oviductal and follicular fluids. (vetmedmosul.com)
Melatonin supplementation has been shown to promote bovine and porcine oocytes' maturation rate and increase their blastocyst of IVF embryos (16). (vetmedmosul.com)
Collected MII oocytes were vitrified and divided into four groups: untreated, 10 mM caffeine (CA), 10 μM MG132 (MG), and 10 mM caffeine +10 μM MG132 (CA+MG). After warming, the MPF activity of oocytes and their blastocyst formation and implantation rates in the CA, MG, and CA+MG groups were much higher than those in the untreated group. (molcells.org)
Cryopreservation of mammalian oocytes has been successfully applied for long-term storage of surplus eggs in mammalian assisted reproductive technology (ART), including in humans. (molcells.org)

Cortical granule formation occurs during the early stages of oocyte growth. (wikipedia.org)
During the early stages of oocyte growth, the Golgi complex increases in size, proliferates, and produces small vesicles that migrate to the cell's subcortical region. (wikipedia.org)
Researchers also hypothesize the oocyte releases some cortical granules pre-fertilzation in order to make minor modifications to the oocyte's extracellular matrix so that binding is limited to only sperm capable of binding despite these minor modifications. (wikipedia.org)
Oocyte quality is of utmost importance for the early embryo to develop to term for both fertilized and cloned embryos. (engineering.org.cn)
In a previous study, we found that low levels of sulphur and cobalt (low S/Co) in the diet offered to oocyte donors altered the DNA methylome of bovine embryos. (animal-reproduction.org)
Another drawback of oocyte vitrification is diminished developmental potential because of the decreased quality of embryos after warming. (molcells.org)
Maturation of the mammalian oocyte is a complex process involving internal checkpoints and bidirectional communication with the surrounding cumulus cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The oocyte must maintain arrest at the diplotene stage until meiotic resumption occurs. (biomedcentral.com)
Oocyte arrest at the diplotene stage is maintained in part through the activity of phosphodiesterase enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) into AMP [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Following germinal vesicle break down (GVBD) the oocyte is transcriptionally quiescent until fertilization and activation of the embryonic genome, occurring at the four-cell stage of development in the pig [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The inability to transcribe mRNA during this stage of development and the probable necessity for post-transcriptional gene regulation (PTGR) suggests an important role for non-coding RNA in the maturing oocyte. (biomedcentral.com)

Meanwhile, early embryo development is significant for somatic cell nuclear transfer in cattle as a large proportion of cloned embryos fail to develop beyond peri-implantation stage. (engineering.org.cn)
This review summarizes new knowledge on expression of genes and provides insights into approaches for study of conceptus-endometrial interactions in ruminants with emphasis on the peri-implantation stage of pregnancy. (bioscientifica.com)

In this paper, we describe a scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) technique that is a non-invasive and sensitive method for measuring oxygen consumption by individual embryos. (bioone.org)
We showed that the extracted criteria could be used to evaluate the differences between individual embryos. (nature.com)

Fulka H., St John J.C., Fulka J., Hozak P., Chromatin in early mammalian embryos: achieving the pluripotent state. (biologie-journal.org)
Revealing cell populations catching the early stages of the human embryo development in naïve pluripotent stem cells. (axonmedchem.com)
The developing embryo, from which pluripotent stem cells originate, undergoes a series of dynamic metabolic transitions synchronized to its molecular development. (conditionmed.org)

We previously demonstrated the critical involvement of SRC-2 in murine embryo implantation as well as in human endometrial stromal cell (HESC) decidualization, a cellular transformation process required for trophoblast invasion and ultimately placentation. (frontiersin.org)
This paper was applauded for using state-of-the-art imaging and computational morphometric analysis of the pre- and postnatal developmental changes in the shape and composition of the murine femur, providing new insights in the ossification and growth patterns of developing bone. (wava-amav.org)

Thus, we investigated male mouse (m) PRL protein and mRNA expression in spermatozoa at various differentiation stages in the testes. (go.jp)

Therefore, due to the highly dynamic epigenetic state during early embryonic development, we suggest that is essential to validate the DMRs found in embryos in adult individuals. (animal-reproduction.org)
2021: Christina Alexandra KALENBERG (Division of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 120, 3001 Bern, Switzerland) for the paper entitled "The embryonic development of the bovine stomach revisited" in co-authorship with M.H. Stoffel and published in the Journal Anatomia Histologia Embryologia 2020, 49:270-280. (wava-amav.org)

Respiration activity correlates with the embryo quality. (bioone.org)

Epigenetic reprogramming is a key process occurring after fertilization and critical roles of epigenetic modifiers during preimplantation development are now clear. (engineering.org.cn)
Treatment of cloned embryos with epigenetic modifying drugs (e.g. (engineering.org.cn)
Giraldo A.M., Hylan D.A., Ballard C.B., Purpera M.N., Vaught T.D., Lynn J.W., Godke R.A., Bondioli K.R., Effect of epigenetic modifications of donor somatic cells on the subsequent chromatin remodeling of cloned bovine embryos. (biologie-journal.org)
The establishment of epigenetic marks during the reprogramming window is susceptible to environmental influences, and stimuli during this critical stage can cause altered DNA methylation in offspring. (animal-reproduction.org)
Canovas S, Ross PJ, Kelsey G, Coy P. DNA Methylation in Embryo Development: Epigenetic Impact of ART (Assisted Reproductive Technologies). (animal-reproduction.org)

Rieger[ 4 ] inferred that the pre-implantation bovine embryo undergoes an intensified period of cellular synthetic processes which require appropriate substrates for production of energy and reducing equivalents in the form of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate. (biomedcentral.com)

PreImplantation Factor (PIF), a novel peptide secreted by viable embryos is essential for pregnancy: PIF modulates local immunity, promotes decidual pro-adhesion molecules and enhances trophoblast invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
Since the immune milieu of pregnancy is unique - not replicated in any other circumstances - specific embryo-derived signals have a crucial role leading to maternal recognition of pregnancy [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The bovine embryos with higher oxygen consumption are better candidates to further development into good quality embryos and yielded higher pregnancy rates after embryo transfer. (bioone.org)
Pregnancy associated glycoproteins form a diverse family of glycoproteins that are variably expressed at different stages of gestation. (biomedcentral.com)
Also known as pregnancy specific protein-B (PSPB) or pregnancy specific protein (PSP)-60, these are putatively known to act as immunosuppressants that allow the immunological acceptance of the embryo by the dam. (biomedcentral.com)
After embryo aneuploidy, parental chromosomal translocations, maternal thrombophilic anomalies, immunological disorders, and obvious uterine ultrastructural abnormalities are excluded as etiologic contributors, implantation failure intrinsic to the endometrium is commonly suspected as an underlying cause of early pregnancy loss [EPL ( 1 )] and recurrent pregnancy loss [RPL ( 2 )], the latter defined as the loss of two or more consecutive pregnancies in the first trimester ( 2 - 5 ). (frontiersin.org)

In single bovine IVF-derived embryos, PIF levels in medium at day 3 of culture were higher than non-cleaving embryos (control) (P = 0.01) and at day 7 were higher than day 3 (P = 0.03). (biomedcentral.com)

Test FITC-PIF uptake by cultured bovine blastocysts using fluorescent microscopy. (biomedcentral.com)
FITC-PIF was taken-up by cultured bovine blastocysts, but not by scrambled FITC-PIF (control). (biomedcentral.com)
Chromosomal mosaicism in human blastocysts : the ultimate challenge of preimplantation genetic testing? (ugent.be)

Efficient generation of embryonic stem cells from single blastomeres of cryopreserved mouse embryos in the presence of signalling modulators. (axonmedchem.com)
Up to the 2-cell embryo, blastomeres remain totipotent (Garner and McLaren, 1974). (conditionmed.org)

Microarray-based global gene expression analyses on bovine placenta and trophoblast cells suggest that the expression profiles of specific genes depend on the cells and tissues in which they are expressed as well as the time of the gestation period. (bioone.org)

Choline acts during preimplantation development of the bovine embryo to program postnatal growth and alter muscle DNA methylation. (animal-reproduction.org)

PIF is an early embryo viability marker that has a direct supportive role on embryo development in culture. (biomedcentral.com)
Haaf T., The battle of the sexes after fertilization: behaviour of paternal and maternal chromosomes in the early mammalian embryo. (biologie-journal.org)
Methylome dynamics of bovine gametes and in vivo early embryos. (animal-reproduction.org)
Using QCANet, we were able to extract several quantitative criteria of embryogenesis from 11 early mouse embryos. (nature.com)
In early embryos, cells are loosely connected to each other. (nature.com)
For time-lapse observation of early-stage D rosophila embryos, Keller et al. (nature.com)
Soon after embryo attachment and the early stages of implantation, further invasion into the maternal compartment requires a functional decidua ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
3- Spermatozoa may have a more significant impact on determining early embryos' fate. (vetmedmosul.com)
Here, we consider the metabolism of the early embryo through development, and look at the nutrient milieu within the developing stem cell niche. (conditionmed.org)

To determine the role of PIF in post-fertilization embryo development, we measured the peptide's concentration in the culture medium and tested endogenous PIF's potential trophic effects and direct interaction with the embryo. (biomedcentral.com)

In 1984, researchers identified a site that was specifically methylated-the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of bovine prolactin mRNA. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)

Additionally, some pre-fertilization cortical granule exocytotic events occur in the cell's cleavage furrow simultaneously with polar body formation. (wikipedia.org)
An assortment of hypotheses exist concerning the biological function of CGFDs and pre-fertilization cortical granule exocytosis. (wikipedia.org)
Adenot P.G., Szollosi M.S., Geze M., Renard J.P., Debey P., Dynamics of paternal chromatin changes in live one-cell mouse embryo after natural fertilization. (biologie-journal.org)

Here, we aimed to characterize DMRs previously identified in embryos, in the blood and sperm of adult progenies of two groups of heifers (low S/Co and control). (animal-reproduction.org)
After intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), 48 embryos were evaluated on day 3 of their development, according to their cell number. (who.int)

In vivo and in organized cells, and proper symmetry are healthy individuals, macrophages can characteristics of higher-quality embryos, which phagocytize DNA that has been passively point to healthy development and higher rates of released into the blood from apoptotic or necrotic implantation. (who.int)

PIF levels in mouse embryo culture medium significantly increased from the morula to the blastocyst stage (ANOVA, P = 0.01). (biomedcentral.com)
The first marked increase in the metabolism of glucose by ovine embryos was detected in compact morula stage, but there was no significant increase in the oxidation of glucose after the morula stage. (biomedcentral.com)
At the 8-cell stage, the embryo becomes compact, and the cells form a spherical mass called a morula. (nature.com)
The space inside the embryo spreads, and the morula becomes a blastocyst. (nature.com)

Respiration is useful parameter for evaluating embryo quality as it provides important information about metabolic activity. (bioone.org)

Abdalla H., Yoshizawa Y., Hochi S., Active demethylation of paternal genome in mammalian zygotes. (biologie-journal.org)

To orchestrate such critical 'cross-talk', a viable embryo must be present, which may be accepted by the mother, whereas, a non-viable conceptus will fail to develop or later be rejected since maternal acceptance does not occur. (biomedcentral.com)
Adenot P.G., Mercier Y., Renard J.P., Thompson E.M., Differential H4 acetylation of paternal, maternal chromatin precedes DNA replication, and differential transcriptional activity in pronuclei of 1-cell mouse embryos. (biologie-journal.org)
Howlett S.K., Reik W., Methylation levels of maternal , and paternal genomes during preimplantation development. (biologie-journal.org)

The methylation patterns of the IGF2 and IGF2R genes in bovine spermatozoa are not affected by flow‐cytometric sex sorting. (animal-reproduction.org)

Determine PIF levels in culture medium of multiple mouse and single bovine embryos cultured up to the blastocyst stage using PIF-ELISA. (biomedcentral.com)

SECM measuring system can non-invasively measure respiration activity by single embryos of several species including human. (bioone.org)
We showed that QCANet can be applied not only to developing mouse embryos but also to developing embryos of two other model species. (nature.com)

Couldrey C., Lee R.S., DNA methylation patterns in tissues from mid-gestation bovine foetuses produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer show subtle abnormalities in nuclear reprogramming. (biologie-journal.org)

Braude P., Bolton V., Moore S., Human gene expression first occurs between the four- , and eight-cell stages of preimplantation development. (biologie-journal.org)
and human spermatogenic stem cell culture to treat azoospermia, and to preserve fertility in pre-pubertal boys undergoing cancer treatment. (infertile.com)

Examine the inhibitory effects of anti-PIF-monoclonal antibody (mAb) added to medium on cultured mouse embryos development. (biomedcentral.com)
Detectable - though low - PIF levels were secreted already by 2-cell stage mouse embryos. (biomedcentral.com)
Aoki F., Worrad D.M., Schultz R.M., Regulation of transcriptional activity during the first , and second cell cycles in the preimplantation mouse embryo. (biologie-journal.org)
Bouniol C., Nguyen E., Debey P., Endogenous transcription occurs at the 1-cell stage in the mouse embryo. (biologie-journal.org)
In the mouse, a transporting epithelium is established around the 8-16-cell stage through a process known as compaction where cell definition is lost and the outer cells of the embryo form tight junctions, giving rise to the blastocyst. (conditionmed.org)

Within the uterus, such signals support implantation [ 2 ] while in the periphery they induce and/or maintain tolerance without allowing for deleterious immune suppression to occur [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

PIF-ELISA use to assess IVF embryo quality prior to transfer is warranted. (biomedcentral.com)
Understanding the association between Cell-free DNA levels in embryo CM and the quality of embryo cleavage could help improve the quality of IVF techniques. (who.int)
This prospective study was conducted with 96 spent CM from patients undergoing IVF cycle, in order to determine relationships of Cell-free DNA levels in embryo CM with embryo cleavage quality on day 3. (who.int)
Due to its clinical applications success of IVF results is the morphological and the expansion of non-invasive treatment quality of the embryo. (who.int)
Low-quality embryos, on the other cells, thereby maintaining a relatively low basal hand, frequently display morphological level [16-18]. (who.int)

Day 2 and day 3 CM corresponding to each one of the embryos was analyzed, by quantitative PCR, for estimation of Cell-free DNA levels. (who.int)

Kopecny V., Fléchon J.E., Camous S., Fulka J. Jr., Nucleologenesis , and the onset of transcription in the eight-cell bovine embryo: fine-structural autoradiographic study. (biologie-journal.org)
The paper is a very comprehensive and well-illustrated micro-anatomical and ultrastructural developmental study on the altering layout of the bovine forestomachs in the 26-80 days old embryo. (wava-amav.org)

2018: Miriam Beyes (Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany) for the paper entitled: "Description of post-implantation embryonic stages in European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) after embryonic diapause" in co-authorship with N. Nause, M. Bleyer, F.-J. Kaup and S. Neumann and published in the Journal Anatomia Histologia Embryologia 2017, 46:582-591. (wava-amav.org)

In non-cleaving embryos culture medium was similar to medium alone (control). (biomedcentral.com)
Measurement of free radicals in the culture medium of developing embryos has been reported as an index for embryo viability. (biomedcentral.com)

Synchronization of estrus followed by induction of ovulation are basic techniques in all embryo transfer programs. (biomedcentral.com)

Bellier S., Chastant S., Adenot P., Vincent M., Renard J.P., Bensaude O., Nuclear translocation , and carboxyl-terminal domain phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II delineate the two phases of zygotic gene activation in mammalian embryos. (biologie-journal.org)

We fabricated a bovine uteroplacental cDNA microarray and investigated the key factors involved in the establishment and maintenance of gestation. (bioone.org)

Because the cells in embryos are considerably crowded, an algorithm to segment individual cells in detail and accurately is needed. (nature.com)

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