Malignant plasma cell cell proliferation clone cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

At the other end of this spectrum, detection of the myeloid protein is due to a hematological malignancy, i.e. multiple myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, or other B cell-associated neoplasm, that has developed, often in a stepwise manner, from their MGUS precursors. (wikipedia.org)
multiple myeloma, light chain multiple myeloma, and plasma cell leukemia. (wikipedia.org)
Plasma cell lesions are the neoplastic (clonal) proliferation of plasma cells involving single bones (plasmacytoma) or multiple bones (multiple myeloma). (medscape.com)
Plasma cell myeloma (multiple myeloma, myelomatosis, medullary plasmacytoma) is a bone marrow-based, malignant disorder of postgerminal center B-cells that is characterized by a clonal proliferation of plasma cells, with associated serum and/or urine monoclonal proteins. (medscape.com)
blood transfusion), spinal cord, lung cancer (oncology), respiratory cancer, radiology Background Multiple myeloma is a malignant proliferation of plasma cells mostly affecting the bone marrow and commonly presents with anaemia, hypercalcaemia, renal dysfunction, bone and skeletal involvement. (2011globalhealth.org)
Multiple Myeloma is a malignant proliferation of plasma cells derived from a single clone. (sunzek.com)
Multiple Myeloma Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells that produce monoclonal immunoglobulin and invade and destroy adjacent bone tissue. (merckmanuals.com)
Multiple myeloma, extramedullary plasmacytoma and solitary bone plasmacytoma all are the three subgroup of plasma cell tumor [3].We present a case of plasmacytoma present in frontoparietal region. (olitespublishing.com)
Multiple myeloma is a chronic, progressive and fatal malignant condition in which the fundamental abnormality is a neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells that infiltrate the bone marrow and often other body tissues. (emedicodiary.com)
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is implicated in the in vivo proliferation of malignant plasma cells in multiple myeloma. (elsevierpure.com)
Background Multiple myeloma is an incurable malignancy of bone marrow plasma cells. (haematologica.org)
The hypoxic regulation of CXCL12 was examined in multiple myeloma plasma cell lines using polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. (haematologica.org)
Results Strong hypoxia-inducible factor-2 protein expression was detected in CD138 + multiple myeloma plasma cells in patients' biopsy specimens. (haematologica.org)
Prolonged exposure to hypoxia strongly up-regulated CXCL12 expression in multiple myeloma plasma cells and hypoxia-inducible factor-2 was found to play a key role in this response. (haematologica.org)
Over-expression of hypoxia-inducible factor in multiple myeloma plasma cells strongly induced in vivo angiogenesis, and administration of a CXCL12 antagonist decreased hypoxia-inducible factor-induced angiogenesis. (haematologica.org)
Conclusions Hypoxia-inducible factor-2 is a newly identified regulator of CXCL12 expression in multiple myeloma plasma cells and a major contributor to multiple myeloma plasma cell-induced angiogenesis. (haematologica.org)
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematologic malignancy characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. (haematologica.org)
Here we show that the murine antibody, mKap, binds specifically to a range of kappa-type multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines and mediates in vivo anti-tumor activity in a SCID mouse human myeloma xenograft model. (slideserve.com)
Multiple myeloma is a cancer of the plasma cell, a type of white blood cell present in the bone marrow that makes antibodies to fight infection. (weeklyreviewer.com)
However, why cancerous cells in patients with multiple myeloma cause debilitating bone disease in some areas of the body while leaving other areas unaffected has been largely unknown for many years. (weeklyreviewer.com)
The study, published Feb. 10 in Nature Communications, links the accumulation of malignant, disease-causing plasma cells to the development of myeloma bone disease, providing answers to long-standing questions about multiple myeloma that could change the way the disease is diagnosed and treated. (weeklyreviewer.com)
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is an example of how immunotherapy is revolutionizing the treatment of hematologic malignancies with unprecedented response rates in patients with relapsed/refractory lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (ajmc.com)
Multiple myeloma (also known as MM , myeloma , plasma cell myeloma , or as Kahler's disease after Otto Kahler) is a presently incurable hematological malignancy of plasma cells, the cells of the immune system that produce antibodies. (the-medical-dictionary.com)
Multiple myeloma, a rare malignancy of plasma cells, was first described in 1950 as an abnormal production of immunoglobulins. (the-medical-dictionary.com)

this disorder is a form of plasma cell dyscrasia in which no myeloma protein is detected in serum or urine (at least as determined by conventional laboratory methods) of individuals who have clear evidence of an increase in clonal bone marrow plasma cells and/or evidence of clonal plasma cell-mediated tissue injury (e.g. plasmacytoma tumors). (wikipedia.org)
Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA). (lookformedical.com)
Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4, SLC16A3 ) is elevated under hypoxic conditions in many malignant tumors including gliomas. (hindawi.com)
Malignant gliomas are the most common primary malignant brain tumors with an increasing incidence of up to nine per 100,000 habitants over the last years [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Previous studies on GGTase-I mainly focused on the regulation of cell growth and differentiation via the Rac1 pathway and have been proved to be closely related to the occurrence, invasion, and metastasis of various malignant tumors [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. (lookformedical.com)
The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease. (lookformedical.com)
A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
B-cell lymphoid tumors that occur in association with AIDS. (lookformedical.com)
Here, we generate dromedary camel nanobodies targeting B7-H3 and demonstrate that CAR-T cells, based on the nanobodies recognizing the IgC but not IgV domain, had potent antitumour activity against large tumors in female mice. (nature.com)
However, the successful application of these emerging cell-based therapies in solid tumors remains limited. (nature.com)
Furthermore, tumor heterogeneity has a significant impact on both the immune microenvironment and the infiltration of various immune cells within tumors, such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) ( 5 ), myeloid antigen-presenting cells ( 6 ) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
This heterogeneity can vary greatly between different types of immune cells, leading to further complexity in understanding the immune response to tumors. (spandidos-publications.com)

The MDS cell of origin is a hematopoetic stem cell that proliferates and escapes apoptosis. (standardofcare.com)
CD38 (NAD+ glycohydrolase) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein able to induce activation, proliferation and differentiation of mature lymphocytes and mediate apoptosis of myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells. (thermofisher.com)
Traditionally, cell death has been divided into apoptosis and necrosis. (nature.com)
It does not have the morphological characteristics of typical necrosis, such as swelling of the cytoplasm and organelles and rupture of the cell membrane, nor does it have the characteristics of traditional cell apoptosis, such as cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, formation of apoptotic bodies and disintegration of the cytoskeleton. (nature.com)
Since epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including gefitinib (GEF) have been reported to induce the apoptosis of several cancer cell lines, in the present study, we examined whether the cytotoxic effects of GEF are further enhanced under amino acid starvation (AAS) culture conditions. (spandidos-publications.com)
Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. (lookformedical.com)
IM combined with IR can synergistically inhibit the proliferation, apoptosis, clonogenesis, invasion, migration and cell cycle of GIST cells. (researchsquare.com)
This may be secondary to a germinal center origin or attributable to increased apoptosis via induction of bax and/or enhanced T-cell interaction, resulting in improved autologous tumor response. (aacrjournals.org)
CircHERC1 was significantly upregulated in lung cancer tissues and cells, ectopic expression of circHERC1 strikingly facilitated the proliferation, invasion and metastasis, and inhibited the apoptosis of lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
The accumulation of FOXO1 in the cytosol and nuclear exclusion promoted cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, circHERC1 can promote cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis by sequestering FOXO1 in the cytoplasm to regulate AKT activity and BIM transcription. (biomedcentral.com)
These therapeutic molecules serve as important sources for new drugs that interfere with cellular proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and angiogenesis by regulating signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
Alterations in gene sequence or expression can occur in the cell-signalling and regulatory pathways involved in cell-cycle control, apoptosis, proteosome regulation and angiogenesis. (bmj.com)
Loss-of-function experiments support that PVT1 regulates cell apoptosis by influencing the DNA damage repair pathway after radiation, suggesting that targeting PVT1 may be a potential strategy for NPC therapy [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Therefore, ex vivo NK cell expansion protocols are currently being developed. (frontiersin.org)
In a proof of concept in vivo study, we also observed a therapeutic effect of adoptively transferred IL-15 expanded and IL-21 boosted NK cells in combination with image guided high precision radiation therapy using a luciferase-transduced RMS xenograft model. (frontiersin.org)
In summary, this two-phased feeder cell-free ex vivo culturing protocol combined efficient expansion and high cytolytic functionality of NK cells for treatment of radiation-resistant RMS. (frontiersin.org)
In vivo development and survival of NK cells require cytokines ( 6 - 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
In this context, cytokines have been shown to activate NK cells potently during ex vivo expansion ( 9 - 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
Distinct hallmarks of cancer were examined using in silico analysis, various in vitro cell culture assays, and ex vivo organotypic rat brain slice culture model. (hindawi.com)
We investigated the impact on tumor malignancy in F98 glioma cells using in silico analysis, in vitro cell culture assays, and ex vivo vascular organotypic glioma impact model (VOGIM) [ 35 ] by implanting F98 cells into rat brain slices. (hindawi.com)
In parallel, MYD88 p.L252P (orthologous position of the human L265P mutation) transgenic mice were crossed with conditional Sca1 Cre , Mb1 Cre , and Cγ1 Cre mice to selectively induce in vivo expression of MYD88 mutation in CD34+ HPC, B cell precursors and germinal center B cells, respectively. (confex.com)
Anti-Siglec-8 antibody administration in vivo to humanized and transgenic mice selectively expressing Siglec-8 on mouse eosinophils and mast cells confirmed the in vitro findings, and identified additional anti-inflammatory effects. (mdpi.com)
We found that GGTase-I knockout attenuated diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis in vivo and suppressed high-glucose-induced VSMC proliferation in vitro. (hindawi.com)
Increased expressions of Rab3D led to tumor invasion in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo , whereas Rab3D knockdown suppressed the tumor cell motility. (oncotarget.com)
Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were implemented to observe the impacts of circHERC1 on the growth, invasion, and metastasis of lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
The proliferation and migration of circHERC1 in vivo were verified by subcutaneous and tail vein injection in nude mice. (biomedcentral.com)
PVT1 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, we show that PVT1 promotes BC proliferation and metastasis both in vitro and vivo. (biomedcentral.com)

Lymphoma b cell. (lookformedical.com)
A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. (lookformedical.com)
B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. (lookformedical.com)
Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. (lookformedical.com)
Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES. (lookformedical.com)
A form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma having a usually diffuse pattern with both small and medium lymphocytes and small cleaved cells. (lookformedical.com)
In search for subgroups of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with different histogenetic origin and prognosis, as has been described by gene expression profiling, we examined tumor specimens from 125 patients with DLBCL, uniformly treated by either cyclophosphamideAdriamycin-vincristine-prednisone or methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and bleomycin in a multicenter trial set by the Nordic Lymphoma Group 1989-1994. (aacrjournals.org)
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a type of peripheral B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma characterized by constitutive cyclin D1 overexpression leading to cell-cycle dysregulation and disruption of DNA damage repair. (bloodjournal.ru)
B-lymphoblastic transformation of mantle cell lymphoma/leukemia with "double hit" changes. (bloodjournal.ru)
An unusual case of co-existing classic mantle cell lymphoma and transformed lymphoma with Burkitt-like features with leukemic presentation. (bloodjournal.ru)
Delas A, Sophie D, Brousset P, Laurent C. Unusual concomitant rearrangements of Cyclin D1 and MYC genes in blastoid variant of mantle cell lymphoma: Case report and review of literature. (bloodjournal.ru)
Complex karyotype in mantle cell lymphoma is a strong prognostic factor for the time to treatment and overall survival, independent of the MCL international prognostic index. (bloodjournal.ru)
PRAD1 gene over-expression in mantle-cell lymphoma but not in other low-grade B-cell lymphomas, including extranodal lymphoma. (bloodjournal.ru)
Rule S. The modern approach to mantle cell lymphoma. (bloodjournal.ru)
The mantle cell lymphoma international prognostic index (MIPI) is superior to the international prognostic index (IPI) in predicting survival following intensive first-line immunochemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). (bloodjournal.ru)
Mantle cell lymphoma: 2017 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and clinical management. (bloodjournal.ru)
Managed care professionals should have an understanding of the clinical trial data and place in therapy in lymphoma, myeloma, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia as well as guideline recommendations for adverse effect management associated with CAR T-cell therapies. (ajmc.com)
Animal models for human tumour mental animals is not easy to answer does induce adult T-cell leukaemia/ viruses that make use of animal virus- for these agents, because cancer bi- lymphoma (ATLL), albeit in monkeys es are scarce. (who.int)
genic models are inadequate for number of activated CD8-positive T LMP1 was strongly expressed in the understanding the cancer etiology in cells increased considerably in the lymphoma tissues but was hardly the context of natural viral infection. (who.int)
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) (see the image below) is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by localization of neoplastic T lymphocytes to the skin, with no evidence of extracutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis. (medscape.com)
Early patch-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. (medscape.com)
Related articles include Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma and Cutaneous Pseudolymphoma . (medscape.com)
Among the changes to CTCL classification were the addition of primary cutaneous acral CD8 + T-cell lymphoma as a new provisional entity. (medscape.com)
Also, the term "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoma" was changed to "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder" because of its indolent clinical behavior and uncertain malignant potential. (medscape.com)

Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of disorders involving malignant monoclonal proliferation of lymphoid cells in lymphoreticular sites, including lymph nodes, bone marrow, the. (merckmanuals.com)
Antibodies to CD38 are useful in subtyping of lymphomas and leukemias, detection of plasma cells (i.e. identification of myelomas), and as a marker for activated B and T cells. (thermofisher.com)
Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation. (lookformedical.com)
The majority of mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14) translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene (GENES, BCL-1). (lookformedical.com)
A group of lymphomas exhibiting clonal expansion of malignant T-lymphocytes arrested at varying stages of differentiation as well as malignant infiltration of the skin. (lookformedical.com)
A group of malignant lymphomas thought to derive from peripheral T-lymphocytes in lymph nodes and other nonlymphoid sites. (lookformedical.com)
The area of research for our group is malignant lymphomas - all possible aspects, aiming for the improvement of the quality of life and survival of these patients. (lu.se)

Villous atrophy and plasma cell infiltration of the jejunal mucosa are usually present and, sometimes, infiltration of the mesenteric lymph nodes. (msdmanuals.com)
Bone becomes soft due to infiltration and proliferation of myeloma cells causing destruction of medullary and cortical bone and causing osteolysis due to increased osteoclastic activity by a factor released by myeloma cells). (emedicodiary.com)
Due to the dilutional effect of a large amount of paraprotein in circulation, depression of erythropoiesis by infiltration of myeloma cells in the bone marrow, and the effects of cytotoxic drugs. (emedicodiary.com)
Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. (lookformedical.com)
Acute liver failure may progress to exhibit cerebral dysfunction even HEPATIC COMA depending on the etiology that includes hepatic ISCHEMIA, drug toxicity, malignant infiltration, and viral hepatitis such as post-transfusion HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C. (lookformedical.com)
We now report that MT-Exendin mice develop extensive tissue lymphocytic infiltration with increased numbers of CD4 + and CD8a + cells in the liver and/or kidney and increased numbers of B220 + cells present in the pancreas and liver. (diabetesjournals.org)
These CAR-T cells are characterized by highly activated T cell signaling and significant tumor infiltration. (nature.com)
The most potent nanobody-based CAR-T cells show inhibition of large tumor xenografts in mice with rigorous T-cell signaling and significant T-cell infiltration into the tumor. (nature.com)

In hematology, plasma cell dyscrasias (also termed plasma cell disorders and plasma cell proliferative diseases) are a spectrum of progressively more severe monoclonal gammopathies in which a clone or multiple clones of pre-malignant or malignant plasma cells (sometimes in association with lymphoplasmacytoid cells or B lymphocytes) over-produce and secrete into the blood stream a myeloma protein, i.e. an abnormal monoclonal antibody or portion thereof. (wikipedia.org)
Plasma cells develop from B lymphocytes (i.e. (wikipedia.org)
B cells) which are stimulated to undergo this maturational development by T lymphocytes during the latter cells' processing of these antigens. (wikipedia.org)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by progressive accumulation of phenotypically mature malignant B lymphocytes. (merckmanuals.com)
and circulating atypical lymphocytes or plasma cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Plasma cells are derived from B lymphocytes and produce immunoglobulin (Ig) which contains heavy and light chains. (emedicodiary.com)
They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation. (lookformedical.com)
The nodules resemble to some extent the GERMINAL CENTER of lymph node follicles and most likely represent neoplastic proliferation of lymph node-derived follicular center B-LYMPHOCYTES. (lookformedical.com)
A classification of B-lymphocytes based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells. (lookformedical.com)
The antibody LT20 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD20 (Bp35), a 33-37 kDa non-glycosylated membrane receptor with four transmembrane domains, expressed on B lymphocytes (it is lost on plasma cells), follicular dendritic cells, and at low levels on peripheral blood T lymphocytes. (exbio.cz)
CD20 is a cell surface 33-37 (depending on the degree of phosphorylation) kDa non-glycosylated surface phosphoprotein expressed on mature and most malignant B cells, but not stem cells or plasma cells (low number of the CD20 has been also detected on a subpopulation of T lymphocytes and it can be expressed on follicular dendritic cells). (exbio.cz)
Hultin LE, Hausner MA, Hultin PM, Giorgi JV: CD20 (pan-B cell) antigen is expressed at a low level on a subpopulation of human T lymphocytes. (exbio.cz)

There is clonal proliferation of malignant hematopoietic stem cells, dysregulated cellular differentiation, and compromised tissue function. (standardofcare.com)
CD19 is expressed during all stages of B-cell maturation and differentiation, except on plasma cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
CD19 is a signal transduction molecule that regulates B cell development, activation, proliferation and differentiation. (bdbiosciences.com)
CD38 is expressed at increasingly higher levels on B cells at each stage of B-cell differentiation, and is then down-regulated on germinal center B cells and mature plasma cells. (thermofisher.com)
The pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) may be related to the abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), which could influence the differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) towards adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. (techscience.com)
Thus, the expression of miR-103-3p decreases in MDS BM plasma and MDS-MSCs, significantly impacting MDS-MSCs differentiation. (techscience.com)
It maintains normal hematopoietic function by interacting with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to control their proliferation and differentiation ( Morrison and Scadden, 2014 ). (techscience.com)

Here, we reported that the expression levels of Rab3D were dysregulated in cancer cells and highly correlated with tumor malignancies in the clinical samples. (oncotarget.com)
We examined the CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells on bone marrow samples of hematologic malignancies and healthy controls using four-color flow cytometry experiments. (researchsquare.com)
Research in CAR T-cell therapy is expected to improve tolerability and expand indications to more types of malignancies and earlier phases of disease. (ajmc.com)
2,3 Cellular therapy centers, manufacturers, payers, and policy makers will need to work together to address barriers to care as new CAR T-cell products with improved efficacy and tolerability are approved for use in more diverse malignancies. (ajmc.com)
1) It accounts for approximately 10 to 15% of all hematologic malignancies, 1% of all malignant neoplasms in whites and 2% in blacks, and 2% of deaths from all malignancies. (the-medical-dictionary.com)
CD20 serves as a useful target for antibody-mediated therapeutic depletion of B cells, as it is expressed at high levels on most B-cell malignancies, but does not become internalized or shed from the plasma membrane following mAb treatment. (exbio.cz)

Heavy chain diseases are neoplastic plasma cell disorders characterized by overproduction of monoclonal immunoglobulin heavy chains. (msdmanuals.com)
Heavy chain diseases are plasma cell disorders that are typically malignant. (msdmanuals.com)
How to intervene in the occurrence and development of related diseases by regulating cell ferroptosis has become a hotspot and focus of etiological research and treatment, but the functional changes and specific molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis still need to be further explored. (nature.com)
These cells can participate in inflammatory responses by releasing mediators that attract or activate other cells, contributing to the pathogenesis of allergic and non-allergic diseases. (mdpi.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Searching for the LSCs population is one of the best ways to find treatment strategies, or improve treatment outcomes in AML and other malignant diseases [ 3 ]. (researchsquare.com)

A heterogenous group of myeloid disorders characterized by somatically mutated hematopoietic stem cells,the presence of variable peripheral cytopenias, and a broad risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). (standardofcare.com)
The mutation occurs in hematopoetic stem cells capable of self renewal and additional mutations are associated with clonal progression may occur in progenitor cells conferring a self renewal capability. (standardofcare.com)
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) played important roles in development of leukemia, chemotherapeutic drug resistance, and disease relapse and progression. (researchsquare.com)
CD20 regulates transmembrane calcium conductance (probably functioning as a component of store-operated calcium channel), cell cycle progression and B-cell proliferation. (exbio.cz)

7 of thirteen breast cancer cell lines have been found to get resistant to EGFR TKI-induced growth inhibition applying each cellular viability and proliferation assays. (srcinhibitors.com)
Colony formation would healing and transwell assays were used to detect cell function. (biomedcentral.com)

Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. (lookformedical.com)
Our findings indicate that circHERC1 facilitates the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC cells by regulating the miR-142-3p/HMGB1 axis and activating the MAPK/ERK and NF-κB pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, PVT1 binds to the UPF1 protein, thereby inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition, proliferation and metastasis in breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)

New therapeutic concepts in anti-tumor therapy aim to modulate the patient's immune system to increase its aggressiveness or targeted effects toward tumor cells. (frontiersin.org)
12 It is well established that hypoxia is an important selective force in the evolution of tumor cells, 13 and elevated expression of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors HIF-1 and HIF-2 has been documented in several human cancers. (haematologica.org)
This process enables tumor cells, including those within the core of the heterogeneous tumor mass to survive, despite being at a distance from blood vessels that supply their metabolic needs [ 16 , 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
The heterogeneity of glioblastoma can suppress immune cell function and lead to immune evasion, which presents a challenge in developing effective molecular therapies for tumor cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by significant genetic heterogeneity among tumor cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
This heterogeneity is referred to as 'polymorphism', as tumor cells rapidly undergo mitosis, resulting in the formation of numerous subclones and uncertainty regarding the state of the genome. (spandidos-publications.com)
Tumor cells are influenced by both genetic factors and environmental elements in the microenvironment, resulting in a complex regulation process ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In addition, intrinsic differences in subclonal tumor cells that arise from random mutations can create distinct niches within limited lesions. (spandidos-publications.com)
Various subclonal tumor cells have the ability to modify the tumor microenvironment in order to obtain adaptations. (spandidos-publications.com)
However, rather than actively modifying the environment, multiple mechanisms guide the evolution of tumor cells through the selection of subclones with the most adaptive phenotype by environmental factors ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Multiregional whole-exome or genome sequencing has revealed that there is significant variation in the genetic makeup of tumor cells across different anatomical locations and within the same tumor over time ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
It has been discovered that the genetic structure of tumor cells and the components of the immune microenvironment interact with each other. (spandidos-publications.com)
This interaction results in a more complex alteration of both the heterogeneity of tumor cells and the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment. (spandidos-publications.com)
Consequently, the heterogeneity of tumor cells is constantly evolving. (spandidos-publications.com)
High-throughput sequencing methods are utilized to analyze the mutational spectrum and evolutionary trajectories of tumor cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
This can provide Ras-expressing tumor cells additional selective advantages under stress or damage. (aging-us.com)

Treatment includes plasma exchange as needed for hyperviscosity and systemic therapy with alkylating drugs, corticosteroids, nucleoside analogs, Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, venetoclax , or monoclonal antibodies. (merckmanuals.com)
Besides surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, immune activation by direct application of cytokines, antibodies or adoptive cell therapy are promising approaches. (frontiersin.org)
Mouse anti-human CD45-FITC (Clone 2D1, Cat No. 347463), Mouse Anti-human CD34-PE [Clone 8G12 (also known as HPCA2), Cat No. 348057], Mouse anti-human CD38-PE-Cy™5 (Clone HIT2, Cat No. 555461) and appropriated isotype control antibodies were purchased from BD Biosciences (San Diego, CA, USA). (researchsquare.com)

In either form of plasma cell myeloma, immune dysfunction, cytopenias and lytic bone lesions occur as a result of direct cellular interactions (cytokines, growth factors) and/or mass effect. (medscape.com)
The intestinal cellular infiltrate may be pleomorphic and not overtly malignant. (msdmanuals.com)
Define the cellular origin of WM by comparing the genetic landscape of WM cells to that of CD34+ HPC, B cell precursors and residual normal B cells. (confex.com)
Amino acids are essential for cellular homeostasis, growth and proliferation via their contribution to a diverse range of cellular processes. (spandidos-publications.com)
The process for administering CAR T-cell therapy is complex, with multiple steps including CAR T-cell manufacturing, lymphodepleting chemotherapy, cellular therapy infusion, and management of short-term and long-term toxicities. (ajmc.com)
We studied whether cellular senescence induced by HDAC inhibitor sodium butyrate in E1a+cHa-Ras -transformed rat embryo fibroblasts (ERas) and A549 human Ki-Ras mutated lung adenocarcinoma cells would enhance the tumor suppressor effect of MEK/ERK inhibition. (aging-us.com)
Treatment of control ERas cells with PD0325901 for 24 h results in mitochondria damage and apoptotic death of a part of cellular population. (aging-us.com)
Multiple research groups have developed artificial mitochondrial transfer/transplantation (AMT/T) methods that transfer healthy mitochondria into damaged cells and recover cellular function. (biomedcentral.com)

For this purpose, we designed an MCT4 overexpression and knockdown/inhibition model to explore the functional consequences of MCT4 expression on cancer cell metabolism, survival, proliferation, migration, invasion potential, and angiogenesis as well as on cell cycle profiles and cell death mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
In addition, it also regulated the extracellular secretion of Hsp90α to promote tumor cell migration and invasion. (oncotarget.com)
In the tumor microenvironment, cell migration and invasion are regulated by many factors such as intracellular signaling pathways, growth factors or onco-proteins [ 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Further mechanistic research indicated that circHERC1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-142-3p to relieve the repressive effect of miR-142-3p on its target HMGB1, activating the MAPK/ERK and NF-κB pathways and promoting cell migration and invasion. (biomedcentral.com)

Based on the presence of at least 10% clonal bone marrow plasma cells and monoclonal protein in serum or urine. (sunzek.com)
In patients with true nonsecretory myeloma, the diagnosis is based on 30% monoclonal bone marrow plasma cells or a biopsy proven plasmcytoma. (sunzek.com)

Here, a clone of plasma cells refers to group of plasma cells that are abnormal in that they have an identical genetic identity and therefore are descendants of a single genetically distinct ancestor cell. (wikipedia.org)
Disorders characterized by abnormal proliferation of immunoglobulin-producing cells and abnormal proliferation of immunoglobulin monoclonal (M protein)represent part of the spectrum of disease due to the neoplastic behavior of the B lymphocyte series. (emedicodiary.com)
It is defined as a group of disorders arising from the abnormal proliferation of a single clone of immunoglobulin-secreting cells giving rise to paraproteinaemia. (emedicodiary.com)
Paraproteinaemia is a disorder characterized by abnormal proliferation of immunoglobulin-producing cells due to the neoplastic behavior of B-Lymphocytic series with an increase in serum level of homogenous immunoglobulin (monoclonal IG) or its fragments. (emedicodiary.com)
The clonal outgrowth of mutant stem cells favors and abnormal hematopoietic stem cell niche. (standardofcare.com)

To define the molecular basis of the IL-6-induced mitogenic response in myeloma cells, we applied STAR (subtractive transcriptional amplification of mRNA), a new differential expression analysis technology, to isolate mRNAs preferentially expressed in IL-6-treated versus untreated cultures of the factor-responsive myeloma cell line U266. (elsevierpure.com)
Both genes were also similarly up-regulated by IL-6 in factor-dependent ANBL-6 myeloma cells. (elsevierpure.com)
Nearly 150 years later, using advanced cell sequencing technology and state-of-the-art imaging techniques, researchers at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center have provided a molecular and biological explanation for this finding, discovering that different myeloma clones can be present in a single patient and linking these distinct genetic changes in myeloma cells to the development of myeloma bone disease. (weeklyreviewer.com)
We discovered that myeloma cells show differences on a single-cell level in a single patient, both in different areas of the bone marrow and over time. (weeklyreviewer.com)
Next, researchers from the departments of Medicine, Immunology, Diagnostic Radiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Flow and Image Cytometry, Clinical Cytogenetics and Pathology & Laboratory Medicine at Roswell Park, in collaboration with scientists from the Dana Farber Cancer Institute, analyzed hundreds of thousands of the myeloma cells obtained during image-guided biopsies using single-cell RNA sequencing, a laboratory technique that can identify treatment-resistant clones and subpopulations responsible for metastatic spread. (weeklyreviewer.com)
The analysis revealed that myeloma cells from different locations in the same patient are genetically different, especially in patients with relapsed disease. (weeklyreviewer.com)
The researchers identified subclusters of malignant myeloma cells that overexpressed genes associated with proliferation and oxidative phosphorylation, two hallmarks of cancer associated with poorer outcomes, confirming the prognostic value of this technique. (weeklyreviewer.com)
Because sampling myeloma cells only from the iliac crest does not give a complete picture of the disease, the authors note, acquiring additional information from imaging to identify treatment-resistant clones could become standard practice, especially when designing targeted, personalized therapies. (weeklyreviewer.com)
Additional findings are: a raised calcium (when myeloma cells are breaking down bone, releasing calcium into the bloodstream) and decreased renal function, which may be due to paraprotein deposition in the kidney). (the-medical-dictionary.com)

Asymptomatic plasma cell myeloma is a plasma cell neoplasm defined by the presence of serum monoclonal protein of 3.0 gm/dL or greater (by electrophoresis) and/or clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow of 10% or greater, without evidence of end-organ damage (hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anemia, lytic lesions of bone). (medscape.com)
Symptomatic plasma cell myeloma is a plasma cell neoplasm defined as the presence of end-organ damage (hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anemia, lytic lesions of bone) in a patient with a monoclonal protein (of any amount) and clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow (of any amount) or plasmacytoma. (medscape.com)
In most plasma cell disorders, M-proteins (monoclonal immunoglobulin protein) are structurally similar to normal antibody molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Diagnosis typically requires demonstration of M-protein (sometimes present in urine and not serum but rarely absent entirely) and/or light-chain proteinuria, and excessive plasma cells in the bone marrow. (merckmanuals.com)
In 15 to 20% of patients, plasma cells secrete only Bence Jones protein. (merckmanuals.com)
Among the known genes uncovered in the screen were those encoding proteins that function in cell division, cell signalling and gene/protein expression. (elsevierpure.com)
Northern blot analysis documented that two transcription factor genes chosen for further study, c-myc promoter-binding protein (MBP-1) and X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1), were up-regulated in U266 cells about 3-fold relative to the cell cycle-dependent β-actin gene 12 h after IL-6 treatment. (elsevierpure.com)
The protein encoded by this gene is a single-pass type I membrane protein that localizes to the cytoplasmic side of the cell membrane. (nih.gov)
The encoded protein acts as a homodimer and is involved in cell motility and cell-matrix interactions. (nih.gov)
We detected protein levels of Rab3D in nine cancer cell lines and twelve types of clinical cancer specimens. (oncotarget.com)
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by normal prostate cells. (medscape.com)

After myeloma, macroglobulinemia is the 2nd most common malignant disorder associated with a monoclonal gammopathy. (merckmanuals.com)
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignant cancers. (biomedcentral.com)

It reflects the synthesis of immunoglobulin from a single clone of plasma cells. (emedicodiary.com)
Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins) are single-pass cell surface receptors that have inhibitory activities on immune cells. (mdpi.com)
The paraprotein is a deviant immunoglobulin produced by the tumor clone. (the-medical-dictionary.com)

6 , 7 CXCL12 is an important mediator of several aspects of MM biology including transendothelial migration, 8 , 9 MM plasma cell migration and retention within the bone marrow, 10 , 11 angiogenesis, 7 and osteoclastic bone resorption. (haematologica.org)
Moreover, MCT4 overexpression enhances cell migration and invasiveness via reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. (hindawi.com)
Atherosclerosis occurs earlier and with greater severity in the population with diabetes [ 1 - 3 ] and is characterized pathologically by endothelial cell injury, proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and thickening of intima [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
It is convention- ally recognized that a wound with a diameter of around 2 cm may close by migration of epithelial cells from the wound margin and heal spontaneously, Inc. The amide I band centred at 1630 cm1 [28,29] not only varies in intensity, I repeated the steps I took in changing the magnification for Figures 3-9 and 3-10 (only this time with the frozen panes in place). (forextrading-madeeasy.com)

Overview of Plasma Cell Disorders Plasma cell disorders are a diverse group of disorders of unknown etiology characterized by Disproportionate proliferation of a single clone of B cells Presence of a structurally and electrophoretically. (merckmanuals.com)
Clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and peripheral cytopenias. (standardofcare.com)

Antibody- and T-cell-based approaches to targeting of B-cell maturation antigen have shown efficacy. (merckmanuals.com)
However, with the exception of idiotype, few antigen targets have been identified that would facilitate specific immunotherapy of MM. We have previously described a murine monoclonal antibody that recognizes a conformation-dependent epitope on free human kappa light chains and a cell surface antigen, KMA, expressed on kappa MM (MM) plasma cells 1,2. (slideserve.com)
This deregulation may result in production of prostate specific markers such as the secreted protease prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and the cell surface prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Rational design of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells based on the recognition of antigenic epitopes capable of evoking the most potent CAR activation is an important objective in optimizing immune therapy. (nature.com)
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is designed to enhance the body's immune system to effectively kill malignant cells. (ajmc.com)
It is associated with lipid rafts, but the intensity of this association depends on extracellular triggering, employing CD20 conformational change and/or BCR (B cell antigen receptor) aggregation. (exbio.cz)

usually normocytic and normochromic related both to the replacement of normal marrow by expanding tumour cells and to the inhibition of haematopoiesis by factors made by the tumour. (sunzek.com)
Autophagic cell death was excluded as the inhibition of autophagy did not attenuate the cytotoxicity. (spandidos-publications.com)
In conclusion, GGTase-I knockout efficiently blocked diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis, and this protective effect must be related to the inhibition of VSMC proliferation. (hindawi.com)
Senescent ERas cells do not develop cytoprotective autophagy upon inhibition of MEK/ERK pathway due to spatial dissociation of lysosomes and autophagosomes in the senescent cells. (aging-us.com)

Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. (lookformedical.com)

Plasma cell neoplasms show a spectrum of disease from asymptomatic to symptomatic forms. (medscape.com)

The paradox is that the mutation provides advantage at the stem cell level and progenitor cells, with a disadvantage at the level of hematopoietic precursors. (standardofcare.com)
Recently, shared mutations between clonal B cells in MBL/CLL and CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) have been identified. (confex.com)
Moreover, the CD34 + CD38 - progenitor cells expressed variable amounts of the target receptor CD33, CD133 and c-kit (CD117) [ 20 ]. (researchsquare.com)

14 , 15 HIF-1 and HIF-2 mediate adaptive responses to hypoxia by inducing the transcription of genes associated with erythropoiesis, glycolytic metabolism, cell survival and angiogenesis. (haematologica.org)

The patient went on to have chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation with a good outcome. (2011globalhealth.org)
High-dose melphalan followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation may also be used. (merckmanuals.com)

The etiology of plasma cell neoplasms is unknown in the majority of cases. (medscape.com)

The overproduced monoclonal proteins, termed myeloma proteins, commonly circulate in blood, may accumulate in urine, and are the hallmarks of plasma cell dyscrasias including their most malignant forms viz. (wikipedia.org)

Osseous solitary plasmacytoma of bone is a localized bone tumor of plasma cells, without evidence of plasma cell myeloma or marrow plasmacytosis. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] Extraosseous solitary plasmacytoma of bone is a localized, soft-tissue plasma cell neoplasm that occurs in a location other than the bone and does not have evidence of plasma cell myeloma or marrow plasmacytosis. (medscape.com)
Solitary plasmacytoma of bone comprises 3-5% of all plasma cell neoplasms. (medscape.com)
Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) describes solid plasma cell tumours of soft-tissue origin as opposed to solitary plasmacytoma of bone. (2011globalhealth.org)
Extramedullary plasmacytoma is an unusual mode of presentation for newly diagnosed myeloma patients, but in these unlucky cases the disease is often extensive, and the prognosis is poor.6 The causes of incidental pulmonary nodules can be categorised as benign or malignant. (2011globalhealth.org)
Plasmacytoma is a tumor arising from plasma cell, which mainly grows within soft tissue or within axial skeleton. (olitespublishing.com)
Plasmacytoma is malignant proliferation of plasma cell, mainly arise from proliferation of a single clone of B lymphocyte 3% of which present as solitary lesion [1]. (olitespublishing.com)
Histopathology revealed plasmacytoma .his post-operative period was uneventful, as there was no other site of lytic lesion and we removed tumor in en bloc with part of dura so radiotherapy was not performed. (olitespublishing.com)

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a prevalent hematological disorder characterized by a deficiency of iron, leading to a reduction in red blood cell production and subsequent impairment of oxygen transport. (journalahrj.com)
Macroglobulinemia is a malignant plasma cell disorder in which B cells produce excessive amounts of IgM M-proteins. (merckmanuals.com)
Inoculation with a high dose strains of LMP1 transgenic mice vide a powerful tool in mechanistic of EBV caused a B-cell lymphopro- were established that express LMP1 studies on the role of individual viral liferative disorder in these mice, under the control of the immunoglob- genes in cancer. (who.int)

Ferroptosis-inducing factors can directly or indirectly affect glutathione peroxidase through different pathways, resulting in a decrease in antioxidant capacity and accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, ultimately leading to oxidative cell death. (nature.com)
The proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by oxidative injury is one of the main features in diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis. (hindawi.com)
All these results suggest that GGTase-I plays an important role in the proliferation of VSMCs, at least in part via regulating the oxidative stress pathway. (hindawi.com)

Less commonly, patients develop hyperviscosity due to the large amounts of high molecular weight monoclonal IgM proteins circulating in plasma, but most patients do not develop problems related to high IgM levels. (merckmanuals.com)

A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. (lookformedical.com)
It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. (lookformedical.com)

Despite advances in surgical techniques and multimodal treatment regimens with radio-, chemo-, and immunotherapy [ 3 - 5 ], the prognosis for malignant glioma patients is very poor with a median survival time of approximately 15 months after diagnosis [ 6 , 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Its prognosis despite therapy is generally poor, and treatment may involve chemotherapy and stem cell transplant. (the-medical-dictionary.com)

Growth and spread of a somatically mutated clone is the pathological process that leads to MDS. (standardofcare.com)
Whether under physiological or pathological conditions, cell death is an unavoidable and important link in the process of life and marks the end of the life of a cell. (nature.com)

In summary, our data highlight MCT4 /SLC16A3 as a key gene for distinct hallmarks of tumor malignancy in glioma cells. (hindawi.com)

These genomic changes can go awry by placing a gene that controls cell growth an/or survival adjacent to a normally highly active antibody gene promoter and/or by causing the formation of extra chromosomes (see trisomy) or chromosomes with large deletions that result in the overexpression or under-expression, respectively, of genes that control cell growth and/or survival. (wikipedia.org)
Our results further indicate that MCT4 promotes proliferation and survival by altered cell cycle regulation and cell death mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
Additionally, the high levels of the CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells in AML patients were an independently significant poor risk factor for overall survival and event free survivals. (researchsquare.com)
Also, these cell populations directly correlated with poor survival [ 2 , 5 ]. (researchsquare.com)
Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) plays an important role in cancer cells survival upon various conditions of intra- and extracellular stress. (aging-us.com)
Intercellular mitochondrial transfer can be regarded as an extension of intracellular mitochondrial movement or intercellular communication, which undoubtedly increases the mtDNA content of the recipient cells and restores the respiration and survival of the recipient cells. (biomedcentral.com)

The clone has a advantage provided by the somatic genetics change with driver mutations. (standardofcare.com)
Similarly, a HPC origin of BRAF V600E mutations in hairy cell leukemia (HCL) has been uncovered, strengthening the notion that at least a fraction of somatic mutations may occur in CD34+ HPC before the malignant transformation of some B cell neoplasms. (confex.com)
The intricate molecular mechanisms involved in the regenerative process of the normal intestine and the identity of putative somatic intestinal stem cells have become clear. (mdpi.com)
Aging skin contains somatic mutant clones from which such cancers develop. (cdc.gov)

Therefore, our results suggest that CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells in AML might have the potential of leukemia stem cells. (researchsquare.com)
For examples, Rhenen et al showed that a high percentage of CD34 + CD38 - stem cells at diagnosis significantly correlated with a high minimal residual disease frequency and subsequently to relapse especially after the third course of chemotherapy in AML patients. (researchsquare.com)
The bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) is a complex network system primarily comprising stromal cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), osteoprogenitor cells, vascular endothelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, and cytokines. (techscience.com)
In the field of stem cells, cumulative evidence has shown that mitochondrial transfer contributes to stem cell-triggered repair of damaged cells [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Hence, we established a two-phase expansion protocol with IL-15 to induce an early NK cell expansion, followed by short exposure to IL-21 that boosted the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against RMS cells. (frontiersin.org)

Mononuclear cells may surround the vessel, and connective tissue proliferation and necrosis in the tunica elastica media narrow the lumen ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). (lookformedical.com)

In the last years, adoptive transfer of natural killer (NK) cells came into the focus of translational medicine, because of their high cytotoxic potential against transformed malignant cells. (frontiersin.org)

CXCL12 is a constitutively expressed chemokine which binds primarily to the CXCR4 receptor and regulates cell growth, chemotaxis, myelopoiesis, lymphopoiesis, and development of the nervous and cardiovascular systems. (haematologica.org)

Plasma cell myeloma presents with generalized marrow involvement, with or without lytic lesions of bone. (medscape.com)
The bone lesions of myeloma are caused by the proliferation of tumour cells and the activation of the osteoclasts that destroy the bone. (sunzek.com)
Lesions are caused by bone replacement by expanding plasmacytomas or by cytokines that are secreted by malignant plasma cells that activate osteoclasts and suppress osteoblasts, leading to bone loss. (merckmanuals.com)
In patients with myeloma, plasma cells proliferate too rapidly, crowding out healthy cells and causing painful areas of bone damage called osteolytic lesions. (weeklyreviewer.com)
Based on these findings, the researchers proposed the bold idea of directly transplanting entire mitochondria, rather than drugs or whole cells, into lesions to explore the rescue effects of exogenous mitochondria. (biomedcentral.com)

In the metabolic symbiosis model, these cells have been proposed to overexpress MCT4 to release high amounts of lactate produced during anaerobic glycolysis into the tumor microenvironment. (hindawi.com)
The bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) population, which makes up a large part of the hematopoietic microenvironment, encompasses a variety of adherent cell types. (techscience.com)

Our results demonstrated high potential of IL-15 for NK cell expansion, while IL-21 triggered NK cell maturation and functionality. (frontiersin.org)
Accordingly, the clonotypic BCR detected in WM cells was unbiasedly investigated in all B cell maturation stages defined according to their molecular phenotype. (confex.com)

This comprehensive review aims to assess the significance of the Mentzer, Shine& Lal, and other red cell indices in the diagnosis of IDA and their utility in clinical practice. (journalahrj.com)
Many culturing strategies are based on the addition of feeder or accessory cells, which need to be removed prior to the clinical application of the final NK cell product. (frontiersin.org)
Despite the efficacy of continuous GLP-1 administration for the treatment of type 2 diabetic patients ( 3 ), the clinical potential of the native peptide is hampered by its very short plasma half-life, due to rapid inactivation of GLP-1 by the ubiquitous protease dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) ( 4 ) and by renal clearance. (diabetesjournals.org)
The majority of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) present with advanced disease, with targeted therapies providing some improvement in clinical outcomes. (bmj.com)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is generally regarded as a stem cell disease, and it originates from a hierarchy of leukemic stem cell classes that differ in self-renewal capacity [ 1 , 2 ]. (researchsquare.com)

CD19 is also present on follicular dendritic cells. (bdbiosciences.com)

HepaCAM inhibits the malignant behavior of castration-resistant prostate cancer cells by downregulating Notch signaling and PF-3084014 (a γ-secretase inhibitor) partly reverses the resistance of refractory prostate cancer to docetaxel and enzalutamide in vitro. (nih.gov)

While the mechanisms responsible for aberrant plasma cell expression of CXCL12 remain to be determined, studies in other systems suggest a role for hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible transcription factors. (haematologica.org)
Cells use a number of mechanisms to sense and maintain their homeostatic levels. (spandidos-publications.com)
Cancer cells exploit a variety of protective mechanisms that allow them to acquire selective advantage and proliferate under unfavorable conditions. (aging-us.com)
One of the mechanisms of high basal autophagy activity in cancer Ras-expressing cells might be associated with high PP2A phosphatase activity targeting directly ULK1-Ser757 that could explain apparent contradiction: maintenance of high mTORC1 functions and high autophagic activity simultaneously [ 22 ]. (aging-us.com)

3 - 5 CXCL12 is highly expressed by MM plasma cells, 6 and circulating levels of CXCL12 are higher in the peripheral blood of MM patients than in age-matched normal donors and MGUS patients. (haematologica.org)
Furthermore, cKap satisfies the therapeutic criteria of being able to trigger ADCC MMusing human peripheral blood-derived effector cells. (slideserve.com)
Flow cytometry analysis (surface staining) of human peripheral blood cells with anti-human CD20 (LT20) APC. (exbio.cz)

According to recent data, Ras-transformed cells require autophagy to survive and maintain malignant phenotype [ 5 - 10 ]. (aging-us.com)

In 2012, Dixon 1 first proposed the concept of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic mode of cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). (nature.com)

Anatomy21

Organisms6

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs29

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment14

Phenomena and Processes28

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Multiple myeloma24

Tumors14

Apoptosis14

Vivo15

Lymphoma24

Lymphomas7

Infiltration8

Lymphocytes12

Differentiation7

Malignancies6

Diseases6

Progression4

Assays2

Metastasis3

Tumor cells16

Antibodies3

Cellular8

Invasion4

Bone marrow plasma cells2

Abnormal5

Myeloma cells9

Protein11

Common malignant2

Immunoglobulin3

Migration4

Disorders2

Antigen6

Inhibition4

Lymphoid1

Neoplasms show1

Progenitor cells3

Angiogenesis1

Autologous2

Etiology1

Monoclonal proteins1

Plasmacytoma8

Disorder3

Oxidative3

Proteins1

Epithelial2

Prognosis2

Pathological2

Hallmarks1

Survival6

Somatic4

Stem cells4

Induce1

Necrosis2

Cytotoxic1

Regulates1

Lesions5

Microenvironment2

Maturation2

Clinical4

Myeloid1

Follicular1

Inhibits1

Mechanisms4

Peripheral3

Phenotype1

Accumulation1