Macrophages cell migration assays leukocyte. Medical search. Frequent questions

EMR2 is expressed by monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells and all types of granulocytes. (wikipedia.org)
These cells include dermal resident dendritic cells (DC), epidermal Langerhans cells, neutrophils and monocytes, which are released from the blood when the dermal capillary is disrupted and a reputed blood lake is formed [ 3 - 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
CCL5 is expressed by T cells and monocytes/macrophages. (biolegend.com)
The initial infection control against F. hepatica is provided by host innate immune leukocytes such as polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), monocytes, eosinophils, and macrophages. (biomedcentral.com)
Binding of this protein to CXCR3 results in pleiotropic effects, including stimulation of monocytes, natural killer and T-cell migration, and modulation of adhesion molecule expression. (cancerindex.org)
Blood monocyte-derived DCs (B-DCs), as one group of myeloid DCs, can be generated by incubation of monocytes that are isolated from PBMCs with exogenous granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) for 6-7 days [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Soon after, neutrophils and macrophages may still be recruited in response to local inflammatory stimuli that persist for 2-3 days [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Neutrophils and macrophages were incubated at 37°C and 5% CO2 for 4h and 6h respectively and the cells that had migrated into the lower chamber were collected stained and counted as previously reported. (ecologicalsgardens.com)

Furthermore, PTX3 silencing using PTX3-specific siRNA prevented breast cancer cell migration, macrophage chemotaxis, and subsequent OC formation. (oncotarget.com)
Description: Chemotaxis describes the movement of cells toward or away from a chemical stimulus in their environment. (gentaur-biotech.com)
Cell chemotaxis plays a pivotal role in the progression of cancer and other diseases. (gentaur-biotech.com)
Functional PMN chemotaxis assays showed a significant increase of PMN migration ( p = 0.010) and intracellular ROS production significantly increased throughout time ( p = 0.028). (biomedcentral.com)

We found that MSC-Exo greatly reduced the intensity of ongoing EAU as their parent cells by reducing the infiltration of T cell subsets, and other inflammatory cells, in the eyes. (nature.com)
These results suggest that the STZ-induced hyperglycemia impairs the effect of PD-1-Ab treatment on MC38 tumor growth, and is accompanied by reduced infiltration of DCs and CD8 + T cells and decreased expression of CCL7 and CXCL9. (nature.com)
steatotic livers showed significantly reduced leukocyte infiltration proinflammatory cytokine expression and liver necrosis. (ecologicalsgardens.com)
Finally, in vivo histopathological analysis on F. hepatica -parasitized liver tissue sections of sheep showed multifocal infiltration of inflammatory cells within liver parenchyma, and further fluorescence microscopy analyses confirmed NETs formation in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
Sparstolonin B was showed to alleviate joint swelling in RA rats, inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and the release of ROS, reduced damage caused by oxidative stress, and suppressed the rate of apoptosis in synovial cells. (hindawi.com)
Inflammation and tissue infiltration by various immune cells, which can penetrate into the spinal cord tissue through damage to the blood-brain barrier, play a significant role in the pathogenesis of secondary damage. (frontiersin.org)

Moreover, MALP-2 induced endothelial cell proliferation and migration and a strong secretion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). (lonza.com)
In conclusion, we offer evidence that microglia migration across the brain endothelial cell monolayer is increased in the presence of ATP in a manner that involves MMP secretion. (portlandpress.com)
Indeed, MSCs ex vivo pre-conditioning by hypoxia, inflammatory stimulus, or other factors/conditions may stimulate their survival, proliferation, migration, exosome secretion, and pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory characteristics in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
The administration of Sparstolonin B inhibited the secretion of IL-17 from Th17 cells and triggered the secretion of TGF- β from Treg cells, thus leading to the reduced expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF- κ B, and the suppression of TNF- α secretion. (hindawi.com)

The expression of EMR2 and CD97 on activated lymphocytes and myeloid cells promotes binding with their ligand chondroitin sulfate B on peripheral B cells, indicating a role in leukocyte interaction. (wikipedia.org)
It preferentially promotes the migration of B lymphocytes (both B-1 and B-2) to the follicles of the spleen, lymph nodes, and Peyer's patches. (thermofisher.com)
CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1) expressed on lymphocytes is known to play an important role in lymphocyte trafficking (adhesion to vascular endothelium), as well as interactions to antigen presenting cells (APC). (medscape.com)

Such changes in dendritic cell migration may be associated with immunological events that maintain inflammation at the sites of infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Dendritic Assay Laboratories manufactures the dendritic cell migration assay reagents distributed by Genprice. (gentaur-biotech.com)
The Dendritic Cell Migration Assay reagent is RUO (Research Use Only) to test human serum or cell culture lab samples. (gentaur-biotech.com)

Upon neutrophil activation, EMR2 rapidly moves to membrane ruffles and the leading edge of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, ligation of EMR2 by antibody promotes neutrophil and macrophage effector functions suggesting a role in potentiating inflammatory responses. (wikipedia.org)
There was no consistent decrease in the migration of CD11b + F4/80 + (macrophage) or SSC hi GR-1 + (neutrophil) populations. (biomedcentral.com)
Upon lymphoid, myeloid cells and neutrophil activation, CD97 is upregulated to promote adhesion and migration to sites of inflammation. (abcam.com)

However, no inhibitory effect of MSC-Exo on IRBP-specific T cell proliferation was observed. (nature.com)
Specific CELL MIGRATION ASSAYS have been developed to estimate levels of migration inhibitory factors, immune reactivity against tumor-associated antigens, and immunosuppressive effects of infectious microorganisms. (nih.gov)

Loss of MMP-9 activity preserved platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) expression a modulator of vascular integrity at the endothelial cell-cell junctions in steatotic livers after IRI. (ecologicalsgardens.com)
the endothelial cell is also an organizer and a regulator of healing. (docksci.com)

Chronic inflammation is often associated with the development of tissue fibrosis, but how mesenchymal cell responses dictate pathological fibrosis versus resolution and healing remains unclear. (bvsalud.org)
It is produced by LEUKOCYTES of both monocyte and lymphocyte lineage and by FIBROBLASTS during tissue injury. (lookformedical.com)
This might represent a general mechanism to enhance or restore blood flow and recruit immune cells for pathogen defense and tissue regeneration. (lonza.com)
The interaction between EMR2 and chondroitin sulfate B in inflamed rheumatoid synovial tissue suggests a role of the receptors in the recruitment and retention of leukocytes in synovium of arthritis patients. (wikipedia.org)
In vitro cell culture and animal studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have the capacity to modify immune responses and to enhance tissue repair. (bmj.com)
5 Functional in vitro assays indicate different physiological roles of MSCs related to their heterogeneity and tissue location of origin. (bmj.com)
Also, following transplantation and migration to target tissue, they encounter a harsh milieu accompanied by death signals because of the lack of proper tensegrity structure between the cells and matrix. (biomedcentral.com)
However, natural MSCs in vivo survival and their biological effects on tissue recovery decrease with long-term cultivation called aging and also injected cells demonstrate poor targeted migration [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
IL-1β is a potent endogenous pyrogen that stimulates fever, leukocyte tissue migration and the expression of a diverse array of cytokines and chemokines [12]. (immunochemistry.com)

Live cells are detected with either MTT (colorimetric detection) or Calcein AM (fluorometric detection). (gentaur-biotech.com)

Pyroptosis also releases the cell contents including IL-1 β , IL-18, and other inflammatory cytokines, causing the body to produce an inflammatory response. (hindawi.com)
Although neither cytokine is required for the process of cell death [14, 15], their production contributes to the inflammatory response elicited by cells undergoing pyroptosis. (immunochemistry.com)
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), a form of delayed-type hypersensitivity, is a typical T-cell-mediated skin inflammatory response that occurs after cutaneous exposure to an allergen. (aspetjournals.org)
Bioinformatic analysis of the gene expression data identified significant enrichment of several diseases/biological function categories (for example, cancer, leukocyte migration, inflammatory response, mitosis, and movement of phagocytes) and canonical pathways (for example, kinetochore metaphase signaling pathway, granulocyte and agranulocyte adhesion and diapedesis, acute phase response, and LXR/RXR activation). (cdc.gov)

PTX3 expression was also up-regulated in a bone metastatic breast cancer cell line and further enhanced by pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα. (oncotarget.com)

We performed single-cell RNA-sequencing of colon-derived stromal cells and identified distinct classes of fibroblasts with gene signatures that are differentially regulated by chronic inflammation, including IL-11-producing inflammatory fibroblasts. (bvsalud.org)
These findings provide mechanistic insight into how inflammation perturbs stromal cell behaviors to drive fibroblastic responses controlling mucosal matrix remodeling and healing. (bvsalud.org)
Ang II increased ADAM15 in WT aorta, while Adam15-deficiency resulted in abdominal aortic aneurysm characterized by loss of medial smooth muscle cells (SMCs), elastin fragmentation, inflammation, but unaltered Ang II-mediated hypertension. (bvsalud.org)
It is constitutively expressed in the skin and may play a role in T-CELL trafficking during cutaneous INFLAMMATION. (lookformedical.com)
Peripheral blood leukocytes undergo a sequence of activation that leads to migration of cells into the site of inflammation. (medscape.com)

Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. (lookformedical.com)
Like the related CD97 protein, the fourth EGF-like domain of EMR2 binds chondroitin sulfate B to mediate cell attachment. (wikipedia.org)
These 2 members mediate leukocyte adhesions to endothelial cells but they also serve as receptors for iC3b (inactivated C3b). (medscape.com)

The 8 µm pore size is suitable for most cell types including epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and cancer cell lines. (gentaur-biotech.com)
Human airway epithelial cells exposed to influenza A virus (IAV) induced several novel miRNAs that were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and their target genes by biochemical methods. (cdc.gov)
The expression patterns of these putative miRNAs were further confirmed using RT-PCR in human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to H1N1, H9N1(1P10), and H9N1 (1WF10) strains of influenza virus. (cdc.gov)

The in vitro effects of MSC-Exo on immune cell migration and responder T cell proliferation were examined by chemotactic assays and lymphocyte proliferation assays, respectively. (nature.com)
CytoSelect Cell Migration Assays are ideal for determining the chemotactic properties of cells. (gentaur-biotech.com)
Cannabinoid type-2 (CB 2 ) receptor activation was shown to reduce the production of the monocyte chemotactic protein-2 (MCP-2) chemokine in polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly-(I:C)]-stimulated human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells, an in vitro model of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). (aspetjournals.org)

In the bone microenvironment, breast cancer cells produce osteoclast (OC)-activating cytokines, including parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rP), prostaglandin E 2 (PEG 2 ), and interleukin-11 (IL-11) [ 5 ], which can increase expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) by osteoblasts (OBs). (oncotarget.com)
The on-and-off switch is operated by transforming growth factor (TGF) β3 levels, which are undetectable in plasma and high in serum, and by TGFβ receptor (TβR) type II levels, which are low in epidermal cells and high in dermal cells. (rupress.org)
DEC-205 (CD205), a member of the macrophage mannose receptor protein family, is the prototypic endocytic receptor of dendritic cells, whose ligands include phosphorothioated cytosine-guanosine (CpG) oligonucleotides, a motif often seen in bacterial or viral DNA. (uci.edu)

Both the ELISA MAX™ Set Standard and ELISA MAX™ Set Deluxe are specifically engineered for accurate recovery and measurement of analytes in complex fluids, such as serum and plasma (as well as activated cell cultures) without any interference by confounding serum factors, such as heterophilic antibody or rheumatoid factor. (biolegend.com)
however, it remains unknown whether the anti-tumor effects of anti-programmed cell death-1 antibody (PD-1-Ab) treatment are changed in hyperglycemic conditions. (nature.com)
To investigate the effect of hyperglycemia on anti-tumor function induced by anti-PD-1 antibody treatment, we treated STZ-induced diabetic mice with subcutaneous MC38 colon carcinoma tumors with anti-PD-1 antibody, and examined changes in tumor growth, the number of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and the expression of chemokines and chemokine receptors. (nature.com)
Mice were intraperitoneally injected with STZ or sodium citrate buffer (CB) 7 days before subcutaneous inoculation with MC38 cells in the right flank on day 0 (Fig. 1 A). Then, the mice were treated with anti-PD-1 antibody or normal rat IgG on days 5, 8, and 11. (nature.com)
BALB/c mouse resident peritoneal macrophages were stained with CD11b Monoclonal Antibody, FITC (Product # 11-0112-82) and F4/80 Monoclonal Antibody, eFluor 450 (Product # 48-4801-82). (thermofisher.com)
The cells were then fixed and permeabilized using the Intracellular Fixation & Permeabilization Buffer Set (Product # 88-8824-00) and protocol, and stained with 0.06 µg of Rat IgG2a kappa Isotype Control, APC (Product # 17-4321-81) (left) or 0.06 µg of CXCL13 Monoclonal Antibody, APC (right). (thermofisher.com)
Applications Tested: This DS8CX13 antibody has been tested by flow cytometric analysis of resident peritoneal macrophages. (thermofisher.com)
A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. (thermofisher.com)
It is recommended that the antibody be carefully titrated for optimal performance in the assay of interest. (thermofisher.com)
Patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency II manifest the Bombay phenotype (ie, negative for O and H blood group antigens with potential production of anti-H antibody). (medscape.com)

Multiparameter flow cytometric analysis of CD15 expression on human peripheral blood leucocyte populations. (bdbiosciences.com)

The Human CD97 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Kit (ab213763) is designed for the quantitative measurement of Human CD97 in cell culture supernatants, cell lysates, serum and plasma (heparin, EDTA). (abcam.com)
Immunofluorescence assays of follow-up serum samples indicated simultaneous seroconversion of IgM, IgA, and IgG or concurrence in the first serum sample. (cdc.gov)
When skin is wounded, resident cells encounter serum for the first time. (rupress.org)
As the wound heals, the cells experience a transition of serum back to plasma. (rupress.org)
In this study, we report that human serum selectively promotes epidermal cell migration and halts dermal cell migration. (rupress.org)
However, IgM and IgG serum levels are within the reference range in patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency II. (medscape.com)

Brain macrophages and microglia particularly contribute to tumor angiogenesis, a major hallmark of GBM. (bvsalud.org)
ADAM8, a metalloprotease-disintegrin strongly expressed in tumor cells and associated immune cells of GBMs, is related to angiogenesis and correlates with poor clinical prognosis. (bvsalud.org)
Knockdown of ADAM8 in U87 glioma cells led to significantly decreased angiogenesis and tumor volumes of these cells after stereotactic injection into striate body of mice. (bvsalud.org)
We found that the angiogenic potential of ADAM8 in GBM cells and in primary macrophages is mediated by the regulation of osteopontin (OPN), an important inducer of tumor angiogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
Because many of these processes implicate angiogenesis, we here elucidated the role of a TLR2/6-dependent pathway on angiogenesis using the TLR2/6 agonist macrophage-activating lipopeptide of 2 kDa (MALP-2), a common bacterial lipopeptide. (lonza.com)
In vivo and in vitro Matrigel assays demonstrated that MALP-2 promoted angiogenesis in a TLR2/6-dependent manner. (lonza.com)
They also can inspire angiogenesis by direct differentiation, cell-to-cell interaction, or paracrine effects. (biomedcentral.com)
Department of Cell and Structural Biology, University of Manchester M I3 9PL, U.K. t Department of ,tmmunology, University of Liverpool, P.O. Box 147, L69 3BX, U.K. Abstraet--Angiogenesis is an essential component of wound healing. (docksci.com)

Coincubation with Leishmania changes the migratory pattern of dendritic cells in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
In this review, we discuss the rationale for MSC-based cell therapy in COPD, the main findings from in vitro and in vivo preclinical COPD model studies, clinical trials in patients with COPD and directions for further research. (bmj.com)
Here, parasites must confront leukocytes of the innate immune system in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
Despite the pivotal role of leukocytes during fasciolosis in vivo, very little is known on early interactions between PMN and F. hepatica [ 11 ], even though PMN are the first granulocytes to be recruited to infection sites [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Uninfected or Leishmania -infected thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal exudate cells were transferred from C57BL/6 to BALB/c mice or from Ly5.1 + to Ly5.1 - mice. (biomedcentral.com)
The transferred cells were injected into the peritoneal cavity and tracked to the draining lymph node. (biomedcentral.com)

HaCaT cell viability following phytocannabinoid treatment was also measured. (aspetjournals.org)
The cellular levels of endocannabinoids [anandamide (AEA), 2-arachidonoylglycerol] and related molecules (palmitoylethanolamide, oleoylethanolamide) were quantified in poly-(I:C)-stimulated HaCaT cells treated with CBD. (aspetjournals.org)
We show that in poly-(I:C)-stimulated HaCaT cells, CBD elevates the levels of AEA and dose-dependently inhibits poly-(I:C)-induced release of MCP-2, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor- α in a manner reversed by CB 2 and TRPV1 antagonists 6-iodopravadoline (AM630) and 5′-iodio-resiniferatoxin (I-RTX), respectively, with no cytotoxic effect. (aspetjournals.org)
The MOH fraction was innocuous against the human keratinocyte (HaCaT), macrophage (J77A.1), and Vero cell lines when assessed by the (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay. (um.edu.my)

This was accompanied by fewer tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells, and STZ-mice had fewer tumor-infiltrating CD11c + dendritic cells (DCs) than normoglycemic mice. (nature.com)

Because caspase-1 is a principle effector protease within the pyroptotic cell death pathway, it stands to reason that the intracellular detection of activated caspase-1 be a key indicator of a pyroptosis activity. (immunochemistry.com)

MALP-2 containing Matrigel implants exhibited vascular structures as well as CD45(+) cells. (lonza.com)

CD11b positive cells were used for analysis. (thermofisher.com)

By in vitro cell signaling analyses, we demonstrate that ADAM8 regulates OPN via JAK/STAT3 pathway in U87 cells and in primary macrophages. (bvsalud.org)
EMR2 has been shown to be necessary for in vitro cell migration. (wikipedia.org)

Microglia show a specific affinity for migration into the CNS, and this migration appears to occur independently of BBB integrity. (portlandpress.com)
To study the migration of microglia across the BBB, we developed an in vitro co-culture system of mouse brain endothelial cells (MBECs) and Ra2 microglia using Transwell inserts. (portlandpress.com)
The addition of microglia or ATP led to the disruption of the MBEC monolayer and significantly decreased barrier function as measured by trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS). (portlandpress.com)
Furthermore, ATP promoted the migration of microglia but not macrophages across the MBEC monolayer. (portlandpress.com)

Cells can use a broad range of intracellular and extracellular mechanisms for detecting different "danger" signals generated or released during infection or injury. (immunochemistry.com)
Cell surface-associated TLRs typically recognize microbial membrane components (such as the lipid A component from LPS, peptidoglycans, mannan, etc.), while intracellular TLRs recognize bacterial and viral nucleic acids, as well as some "self" nucleic acids present during particular disease states [2]. (immunochemistry.com)
Caspase-1-regulated cellular membrane pores dissipate cellular ionic gradients, producing a net increased osmotic pressure, water influx, cell swelling and, eventually, osmotic lysis and release of inflammatory intracellular contents [4]. (immunochemistry.com)

CXCR5 is expressed on B cells, Tfh cells and, to a lower degree, some memory T cell populations. (thermofisher.com)

Mesenchymal stromal cells: a novel therapy for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? (bmj.com)
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are cells of non-haematopoietic origin, with the capacity to differentiate into multiple lineages of the mesenchyme, that is, chondrocytes, osteoblasts and adipocytes. (bmj.com)
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs)‐based therapy brings the reassuring capability to regenerative medicine through their self‐renewal and multilineage potency. (biomedcentral.com)

Herein, we aimed to demonstrate the expression of miR-146a and FLAP in human HCC tissues and liver cancer cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
To determine the effects of medications on SAA-stimulated human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC). (hindawi.com)
The first report in 2007, on SAA-stimulated human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC), exhibited a substantial and significantly higher induction of released IL-6 protein and mRNA levels as compared to HUVEC [ 17 ], as well as increased responsiveness to IL-1 β [ 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
R&D systems) human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) produced as monolayer [17] or TNFRSF10B remained uncoated (control invasion chambers) on 24-well culture trays. (ecologicalsgardens.com)
In contrast, human plasma promotes dermal but not epidermal cell migration. (rupress.org)
The immune system is comprised of highly specialized q The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and cells, tissues, and organs that give the human body the do not necessarily represent the views of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (cdc.gov)

and a variety of other immune cells. (lookformedical.com)
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including antibodies against programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and PD-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1), induce their anti-tumor effects by improving the function of immune cells 11 . (nature.com)
Following early observations that MSCs inhibit T-cell proliferation, 9 MSCs were found to interact with the majority of innate and adaptive immune cells. (bmj.com)

mRNA expression levels of CXCL9, a chemokine recruiting CD8 + T cells, were lower in dLNs of STZ-mice than in normoglycemic mice after PD-1-Ab treatment, and its protein was expressed in DCs. (nature.com)
In MC38 cells cultured with 25 mM glucose, mRNA expression of CCL7, a chemokine recruiting DCs, was decreased compared to cells cultured with 5 mM glucose. (nature.com)

Lymphoid lineage DCs primarily differentiate into plasmacytoid DCs and occupy approximately 0.5% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in humans [ 2 ], but the cell population percentage is unclear in horses. (biomedcentral.com)

1) Cell biology. (docksci.com)

This study showed that miR-146a has a stimulatory role in HepG2 cells and promotes HepG2 cell migration and invasion by targeting FLAP mRNA. (biomedcentral.com)

We previously demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ameliorated experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in rats. (nature.com)
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy for the treatment of autoimmune diseases has demonstrated a particular promise after its successful applications in both animal models and patients. (nature.com)
After that, Kaplan firstly proposes the term "mesenchymal stem cells," which are cells isolated from fully developed bone marrow (BM) that can usually differentiate into several types of mesenchymal origin cells [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In addition, elevated expression of PTX3 by TNFα led to enhanced OC formation, implying the distinct role of PTX3 in osteolytic bone metastasis of breast cancer cells. (oncotarget.com)
In addition, CCL5 plays a crucial role in the migration and metastasis of cancer cells. (biolegend.com)

Two retrospective studies from Israel 12 and Japan 13 recently reported that diabetes was negatively correlated to overall survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with ICIs. (nature.com)
Finally, mononuclear cells isolated from lung (L-MCs), which are used as precursors for L-DCs, expressed more antigen-presenting cell-associated markers such as MHC class II and CD172α compared to their counterparts from blood. (biomedcentral.com)
One and 28 d after acute exposure, and 1, 28, and 90 d following sub-chronic exposure, bronchoalveolar lavage was performed on the left lung to collect cells and fluid for analyses, the apical right lobe was preserved for histopathology, and the right cardiac and diaphragmatic lobes were processed for gene expression analyses. (cdc.gov)

The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Pyroptosis is fundamentally distinct from other cell death pathways by its exclusive dependency on caspase-1 [1]. (immunochemistry.com)

In particular, following first application to the skin, epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) take up the allergen, process it, and migrate toward the regional lymph nodes, where the antigen is presented to naïve T cells, which, once activated, migrate toward peripheral tissues. (aspetjournals.org)

Class of pro-inflammatory cytokines that have the ability to attract and activate leukocytes. (lookformedical.com)

We demonstrated that miR-146a expression is overexpressed, while FLAP protein and mRNA are suppressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and HepG2 cells compared to para-carcinoma tissues and HL-7702 cells. (biomedcentral.com)

2 MSCs were first described in the bone marrow where they constitute a small fraction of cells (0.001%-0.01%) that closely interact with haematopoietic cells to support haematopoiesis and skeletal homeostasis. (bmj.com)

We still know very little about the mechanisms controlling the ability of these cells containing live parasite or parasite fragments to remain in the infection site or to migrate to the draining lymph node. (biomedcentral.com)

TUNEL staining was used to investigate apoptosis in synovial cells. (hindawi.com)
Pyroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death that differs from apoptosis and necrosis [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
During apoptosis, apoptotic bodies are formed within cells. (hindawi.com)
Knockdown of KDM1B inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. (cancerindex.org)
Other known types of programmed cell death include apoptosis and necroptosis. (immunochemistry.com)

Although there is no particular quantitative assay to provide MSCs identification in mixed cells population [ 8 ], the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) has provided minimum principles to determine MSCs. (biomedcentral.com)

Another reported type of leukocyte adhesion deficiency involves dysfunction in platelet aggregation in addition to a defect in leukocyte adhesion. (medscape.com)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that have multiple subpopulations with different phenotypes and immune functions. (biomedcentral.com)
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most important antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the body. (biomedcentral.com)

1 Unique MSC-specific markers have not yet been identified, and MSCs constitute a heterogeneous cell population, including both multipotent (stem) cells and progenitor cells and might even contain pluripotent cell fractions. (bmj.com)

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is a rare primary immunodeficiency. (medscape.com)
Labial ulceration from which Escherichia coli was cultured in an 8-month-old girl with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 (LAD I). Note the thin bluish scar at the superior aspect of the labia from an earlier cellulitis. (medscape.com)
This 3-year-old girl had leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I) with complete absence of CD18 expression. (medscape.com)
This 10-month-old patient with severe leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I) developed a cervical adenitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae. (medscape.com)
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I) is a failure to express CD18, which composes the common ß2 subunit of LFA1 family (ß2 integrins). (medscape.com)
In milder forms of leukocyte adhesion deficiency I (1-30% expression of CD8), patients may survive to adulthood. (medscape.com)
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency II may be classified as one of the congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG), a rapidly expanding group of metabolic syndromes with a wide symptomatology and severity. (medscape.com)
Currently, 18 subtypes have been reported: 12 are type I (dysfunctional lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor synthesis), and 6 are type II (dysfunctional trimming/processing of the protein-bound oligosaccharide), including leukocyte adhesion deficiency II (CDG-IIc). (medscape.com)
Variants of leukocyte adhesion deficiency have also been reported, including fully expressed but nonfunctional CD18 and an E selectin that is expressed but rapidly cleaved from the cell surface (only present in soluble form). (medscape.com)
This leukocyte adhesion deficiency variant is associated with defective expression of the Rap-1 activator CalDAG-GEFI. (medscape.com)
More than one leukocyte adhesion deficiency variant has been labeled leukocyte adhesion deficiency type III (LAD III), creating confusion in the literature. (medscape.com)

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