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Aspartate KinaseHomoserine DehydrogenaseThreonineLysineAspartate AminotransferasesPhosphotransferases (Carboxyl Group Acceptor)Amino-Acid N-AcetyltransferaseEncyclopedias as TopicSaccharopine DehydrogenasesDihydrodipicolinate Reductase
Calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseDeath-associated protein kinaseExtracellular signalThreonineProtein kinasesHomoserine dehydrogenaseNMDAEnzymeTranslocationGlutamateInterproscanAmino acidInhibitorsReceptorsHistoneRegulationActivatesRegulatorTissuesVivoActivityCellularFamilyTumorNeuronsBufferReactionImportantControlFunctionAnalysis
Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase2
  • Protein kinase D1 (PKD1), together with PKD2 and PKD3, constitute a family classified within the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase superfamily 7 . (nature.com)
  • Notably, inhibition of the CaMKK (calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase) had little affect on GLUT translocation, whereas the inhibition or knockdown of AMPK (compound C, siRNA) activity prevented GLUT3 translocation to the cell surface after glutamate excitation. (jneurosci.org)
Death-associated protein kinase1
  • Excitotoxic production of ROS elevates death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) activity, which provokes neuronal apoptosis in cerebral ischemia and seizure models 8 . (nature.com)
Extracellular signal2
  • Rsk activation is regulated by sequential phosphorylations controlled by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1). (biomedcentral.com)
  • This occurs through the downregulation of methylmalonyl coenzyme A epimerase (MCEE), mediated by an extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2-driven transcription factor Sp1/early growth response protein 1 transcriptional switch driven by metastatic signalling at its promoter level. (biomed.news)
Threonine10
  • In prokaryotes and plants the synthesis of the essential amino acids lysine and threonine is predominantly regulated by feed-back inhibition of aspartate kinase (AK) and dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DHPS). (wikipedia.org)
  • Lysine, threonine, methionine and isoleucine are synthesized from aspartate in a branched pathway in higher plants. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • The specific enzyme (AK) is feedback inhibited by its end product either by lysine or threonine and activated by metabolite from a competing branch (Asp). (apoptosisblog.com)
  • The presence of lysine in the structure of CaAK (despite lysine is not part of crystallization buffer) speculate that CaAK is more sensitive to be inhibited by lysine than the threonine. (apoptosisblog.com)
  • Overproduction, purification, and characterization of recombinant bifunctional threonine-sensitive aspartate kinase-homoserine dehydrogenase from Arabidopsis thaliana. (rhea-db.org)
  • In plant, the first and the third steps of the synthesis of methionine and threonine are catalyzed by a bifunctional enzyme, aspartate kinase-homoserine dehydrogenase (AK-HSDH). (rhea-db.org)
  • The threonine-sensitive homoserine dehydrogenase and aspartokinase activities of Escherichia coli K12. (rhea-db.org)
  • AKT serine/threonine kinase 3 [Source:H. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • The 90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase (Rsk) is a family constituted by four isoforms (Rsk1-4) of serine/threonine kinases broadly expressed in the brain that regulate important cellular functions, including cell survival [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Protein kinases are families of enzymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of specific residues in proteins, broadly classified into tyrosine and serine/threonine kinases. (justia.com)
Protein kinases2
  • It is found in protein kinases with various specificities, including the aspartate, glutamate and uridylate kinase families. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, protein kinases have emerged as an important class of enzymes as targets for therapeutic intervention. (justia.com)
Homoserine dehydrogenase1
  • The metabolic regulation of expression of an Arabidopsis thaliana aspartate kinase/homoserine dehydrogenase (AK/HSD) gene, which encodes two linked key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of aspartate family amino acids has been studied. (wikipedia.org)
NMDA2
  • The translocation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) from the cytosol to the membrane is functionally coupled to the activation of N -methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors at synapses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, the increase in the nNOS translocation by ATP was blocked by NMDA receptor antagonists and inhibitors of protein kinase A, protein kinase C, and Src kinase. (biomedcentral.com)
Enzyme3
  • The enzyme is very sensitive to manipulation and storage and the hydroxamate assay normally used to determine aspartate kinase activity has to be altered according to the plant species and tissue to be analyzed. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • Furthermore, HIF-1 actively limits the mitochondrial consumption of pyruvate at two levels: (i) through the enzyme PDK (PDH-kinase), which in turn inhibits PDH activity preventing the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl CoA, and thereby limiting mitochondrial metabolism of pyruvate [ 6 ] and (ii) through the direct activation of LDH [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Nitrate reductase is phosphorylated in the dark by the calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) and the sucrose non-fermenting related kinase 1 (SnRK1) that initiates the interaction of the enzyme with the 14-3-3 proteins and its inactivation. (biomedcentral.com)
Translocation2
  • ATP is involved in nNOS translocation mediated by protein kinase C via activation of P2X and P2Y receptors and nNOS translocation may be an action mechanism of ATP in nocieptive processing in the spinal cord. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The translocation and the current potentiation were abolished in the presence of an A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) inhibitor. (jneurosci.org)
Glutamate2
  • Glutamate excitation induced a rapid alteration in the AMP:ATP ratio that was associated with the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). (jneurosci.org)
  • Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Porcine Glutamate Receptor, Ionotropic, N Methyl D Aspartate 2C in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. (1elisakits.com)
Interproscan1
Amino acid3
  • In molecular biology, the amino acid kinase domain is a protein domain. (wikipedia.org)
  • The conversion of aspartate into either the storage amino acid asparagine or aspartate family amino acids may be subject to a coordinated, reciprocal metabolic control, and this biochemical branch point is a part of a larger, coordinated regulatory mechanism of nitrogen and carbon storage and utilization. (wikipedia.org)
  • Regulation of aspartate family amino acid biosynthesis in Brevibacterium flavum. (rhea-db.org)
Inhibitors1
  • Also provided are methods of treatment as Janus Kinase inhibitors and pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of the invention and combinations thereof with other therapeutic agents. (justia.com)
Receptors1
  • For example, prostaglandins activate G s -protein-coupled receptors and initiate cAMP- and protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated processes. (jneurosci.org)
Histone4
  • The chromo-domain binds histone H3 tails methylated on lysine 9. (cipsm.de)
  • 2022 ). Among all types of histone modifications, the reversible N-terminal lysine acetylation, regulated by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC), is one of the best-characterized machineries (Kurdistani and Grunstein 2003 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • HDACs function by removing acetyl residues from the ε-amino group of lysine residues in the histone N-terminal tail, which restores the positive charge on the histone (Lai et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2014 ). Different HDACs interact with different sets of proteins and form distinct HDAC protein complexes, which function differently in terms of the histone and lysine sites being modified, the targeted genomic regions, and the associated biological effects (Jeon et al. (biomedcentral.com)
Regulation1
  • Interestingly, previous data from a HD cellular model show a de-regulation of both kinases that control Rsk activity. (biomedcentral.com)
Activates1
  • Since oxidative stress activates protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in tumor cells, we investigated the effect of excitotoxicity on neuronal PKD1 activity. (nature.com)
Regulator1
  • For example, a major regulator of metabolism is phosphoinositol 3 kinase (PI3K). (hindawi.com)
Tissues1
Vivo2
  • Oxidative stress is an important activator of PKD1 in cellular models, but its capacity to activate this kinase in vivo is largely unknown. (nature.com)
  • In this report, using in vitro neuronal cultures, ex vivo organotypic brain slice cultures and acute brain slice preparations, we established that cerebellar granule (CbG) and hippocampal CA1 neurons were significantly more sensitive to OS (induced by paraquat) than cerebral cortical and hippocampal CA3 neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
Activity2
  • In the case of temperature, 35°C was shown to be the optimum temperature for aspartate kinase activity. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • Inappropriate kinase activity triggers a variety of biological cellular responses relating to cell growth, cell differentiation, cell function, survival, apoptosis, and cell mobility implicated in the aforementioned and related diseases. (justia.com)
Cellular1
  • In particular, the JAK family of cellular protein tyrosine kinases (JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2) play a central role in cytokine signaling (Kisseleva et al. (justia.com)
Family1
  • The 90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase (Rsk) family is involved in cell survival. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumor1
  • In response to DNA damage, a synthetic lethal relationship exists between the cell cycle checkpoint kinase MK2 and the tumor suppressor p53. (nature.com)
Neurons2
  • Since OS-sensitive neurons might be the ones that degenerate early during the aging process or in certain neurodegenerative diseases [ 1 ], study of the molecular mechanisms of SNV to OS may offer insights into both aging-associated and disease-initiated neurodegeneration, as well as provide leads to the protection of vulnerable neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To study the relationship between SNV and OS, we thought it necessary to determine differences in the redox status and OS-handling capacity of both OS-sensitive and OS-resistant neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
Buffer1
  • The attractant used in this study was 0.5 mM α-methyl-D L-aspartate (MeAsp) in motility buffer. (researchhunt.com)
Reaction1
Important1
Control2
  • Aspartate kinase plays a key role in the control of the aspartate pathway. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • Results: Data addressing the function of vectors harbouring genes specifically encoding ricin, saporin, lunasin , linamarase, and tomato thymidine kinase 1 under the control of different promoters are summarised here. (weeksmd.com)
Function1
  • In each figure the red curve shows the Hill function obtained by Cluzel ~21) is easily the highest found among allosteric protein complexes e.g. hemoglobin (~ 3) 23 aspartate carbamoyltransferase ( (researchhunt.com)
Analysis1
  • Herein, a simple, sensitive and reproducible method for the simultaneous stereoselective analysis of metalaxyl and its metabolite metalaxyl acid in animal-derived foods has been established based on mixed-mode anion exchange solid phase extraction and chiral liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. (bvsalud.org)