InflammationReceptorMacrophagesMaturation antigenAntibodiesStimulatorDifferentiation into plasmaDendriticCytokinesProliferationPolypeptideEpithelial cellsProteinGlycoproteinCytotoxicAntibodyGerminalReceptorsCellsProteinsMurineDefectBindsSuperfamily MemberAdaptiveProstaglandinPathogenesisINTERFERON-ALPHACellRoleImmuneResponseDependencePrimaryMolecularFormationStructureHumanMajor
Inflammation4
- Pristane-induced chronic inflammation has been characterized by the continuous recruitment of leukocytes, including lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages, to the peritoneal cavity and the spleen [ 6 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Inflammation is a protective physiological response of an organism to chemical, physical, infectious agents, environmental toxins, ischemia or an antigen-antibody interaction. (biomedcentral.com)
- Absence of lymph nodes in lymphotoxin-alpha (LTalpha)-deficient mice is due to abnormal organ development, not defective lymphocyte migration, Journal of Inflammation , Vol.45 , (号) , 72-78, 1995. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
- The ability of FLSs to stimulate both inflammation and tissue damage suggests that this cell type may be another critical target for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Receptor12
- alpha- and beta-interferon crossreact with common receptors, while gamma-interferon initiates its biological effects through its own specific receptor system. (lookformedical.com)
- A ubiquitously expressed heterodimeric receptor that is specific for both INTERFERON-ALPHA and INTERFERON-BETA . (lookformedical.com)
- The interferon alpha-beta receptor signals through the action of JANUS KINASES such as the TYK2 KINASE. (lookformedical.com)
- Role of lymphotoxin and the type I TNF receptor in the formation of germinal centers, Science , Vol.271 , No.5253 , 1289-1291, 1996. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
- Distinct roles of lymphotoxin-alpha and the type I TNF receptor in the establishment of follicular dendritic cells from non-bone marrow-derived cells, The Journal of Experimental Medicine , Vol.186 , No.12 , 1997-2004, 1997. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
- Lymphotoxin-alpha deficient and TNF receptor-I-deficient mice define developmental and functional characteristics of germinal centers, Immunological Reviews , Vol.156 , (号) , 137-144, (month) 1997. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
- Here we report that when mice lacking the RelA subunit of NF-κB are brought to term by breeding onto a tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)1-deficient background, the mice that are born lack lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, and an organized splenic microarchitecture, and have a profound defect in T cell-dependent antigen responses. (rupress.org)
- A tumor necrosis factor receptor subtype that has specificity for TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA and LYMPHOTOXIN ALPHA. (childrensmercy.org)
- Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Mouse Lipolysis Stimulated Lipoprotein Receptor (LSR) in samples from Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids. (worldcarecouncil.org)
- Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Lipolysis Stimulated Lipoprotein Receptor from Mouse in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (worldcarecouncil.org)
- Network analysis of the differentially expressed genes demonstrated that this steroid hormone receptor superfamily member hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4) is usually a hub in several of the gene networks that distinguished children with arthritis from controls. (tech-strategy.org)
- The ligand is specific for the 4-1BB RECEPTOR and may play a role in inducing the proliferation of activated peripheral blood T-LYMPHOCYTES. (rush.edu)
Macrophages2
- APOBEC3F apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3F: Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
- BST2 bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (Tetherin): Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
Maturation antigen1
- [4] BAFF is the natural ligand of three unusual tumor necrosis factor receptors named BAFF-R (BR3), TACI (transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor), and BCMA (B-cell maturation antigen), all of which have differing binding affinities for it. (wikidoc.org)
Antibodies5
- Antibodies recognize specific configurations (epitopes, or antigenic determinants) on the surfaces of antigens (eg, proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids). (msdmanuals.com)
- Antibodies and antigens fit tightly together because their shape and other surface properties (eg, charge) are complementary. (msdmanuals.com)
- Type II, or "cytotoxic" hypersensitivity, results from the binding of IgG or IgM antibodies to cell membranes or fixed tissue antigens, causing activation of the complement system. (mcgill.ca)
- The commensal microflora provides a repertoire of antigens that illicit mucosal antibodies. (bvsalud.org)
- In some cases, these antibodies can cross-react with host proteins, inducing autoimmunity, or with other microbial antigens. (bvsalud.org)
Stimulator2
- B lymphocyte stimulator. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Belimumab (Benlysta) is a monoclonal antibody developed by Human Genome Sciences and GlaxoSmithKline , with significant discovery input by Cambridge Antibody Technology , which specifically recognizes and inhibits the biological activity of B-Lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) and is in clinical trials for treatment of Systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases. (wikidoc.org)
Differentiation into plasma2
- The basic and common immunologic defect in common variable immunodeficiency is a failure of B-lymphocyte differentiation into plasma cells that produce the various immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes. (medscape.com)
- Here, they undergo antigen-driven clonal expansion and differentiation into plasma and memory cells. (rupress.org)
Dendritic3
- In addition to lymphocytes, dendritic cells can also produce LT α [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
- and DENDRITIC CELLS where it plays a role in stimulating the proliferation of CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES and CD8-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES . (nih.gov)
- Primed T cells and antigen-activated B cells then migrate into the primary follicles where they associate with follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), giving rise to germinal centers (GCs). (rupress.org)
Cytokines3
- 3 , 4 It has been widely acknowledged that B cells are necessary for the development of T-cell immunity because they serve as excellent antigen-presenting cells, providing costimulatory signals and producing cytokines necessary for effector functions of T cells. (ashpublications.org)
- This binding results in the activation of a large proportion of antigen-presenting cells and T cells, with subsequent release of high systemic levels of cytokines ( 12 - 15 ). (cdc.gov)
- The major cytokines released from antigen-presenting cells and T cells after activation by SAgs are tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), tumor necrosis factor beta (TNF-β), interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-2 ( 11 - 14 ). (cdc.gov)
Proliferation1
- Signaling through BAFF-R and BCMA stimulates B lymphocytes to undergo proliferation and to counter apoptosis . (wikidoc.org)
Polypeptide3
- ABBR: EGF A polypeptide that stimulates growth of several different cells, including keratinocytes. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Mouse ATPase, H+/K+ Exchanging Alpha Polypeptide (ATP4a) in Tissue homogenates and other biological fluids. (tuberculosisdrugresearch.org)
- Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of ATPase, H+/K+ Exchanging Alpha Polypeptide from Mouse in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (tuberculosisdrugresearch.org)
Epithelial cells2
- CD326 is expressed on the majority of epithelial cells, and is considered a pan-carcinoma antigen. (thermofisher.com)
- Initial infection is thought to occur in the oral (tonsillar) compartment and the host cells of EBV are mainly lymphocytes and epithelial cells. (juniperpublishers.com)
Protein4
- Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF α ) stimulates the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
- A transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that specifically binds to CD27 ANTIGEN . (nih.gov)
- This article reviews the anti-inflammatory relative and anti-infectious effects of Evodia rutaecarpa and its major bioactive components and the involvement of the nitric oxide synthases, cyclooxygenase, NADPH oxidase, nuclear factor kappa B, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha, reactive oxygen species, prostaglandins, tumor necrosis factor, LIGHT, amyloid protein and orexigenic neuropeptides. (biomedcentral.com)
- gap junction protein alpha 9 [Sour. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Glycoprotein4
- Serum amyloid A and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein are transport proteins, and fibrinogen is a coagulation factor. (msdmanuals.com)
- Expression of activation-induced markers and cytokine secretion were determined to quantify the T cell response from PBMCs stimulated with peptide pools covering the spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan Hu-1 and Omicron BA.5. (bvsalud.org)
- Description: The G8.8 monoclonal antibody reacts with the 40 kDa mouse EpCAM (epithelial cellular adhesion molecule), also known as EGP40 (epithelial glycoprotein 40), 17-1A antigen, TACSTD1 (tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 1), and CD326. (thermofisher.com)
- Ep-CAM (epithelial adhesion molecule, epithelial specific antigen, ESA) is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in the epithelium with a molecular weight of approximately 40 kDa, which functions as an epithelial cell adhesion molecule. (thermofisher.com)
Cytotoxic2
- type IV-B results from the direct killing of target cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). (mcgill.ca)
- Cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes of Tat from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). (microbiologyresearch.org)
Antibody1
- The same antibody molecule can cross-react with related antigens if their epitopes are similar enough to those of the original antigen. (msdmanuals.com)
Germinal1
- Affinity maturation without germinal centres in lymphotoxin-alpha-deficient mice, Nature , Vol.382 , No.6590 , 462-466, 1996. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
Receptors2
- These receptors are expressed mainly on mature B lymphocytes and their expression varies in dependence of B cell maturation (TACI is also found on a subset of T-cells and BCMA on plasma cells ). (wikidoc.org)
- Complex immunobiology of lymphotoxin (LTα) is due to multiple modalities of signal transduction, involving a soluble homotrimer and membrane-bound heterotrimers that engage at least three different receptors. (rusimmun.ru)
Cells8
- and, in response to antigen, are subsequently secreted by plasma cells. (msdmanuals.com)
- It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. (lookformedical.com)
- In addition to antiviral activity, it activates NATURAL KILLER CELLS and B-LYMPHOCYTES , and down-regulates VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR expression through PI-3 KINASE and MAPK KINASES signaling pathways. (lookformedical.com)
- T cells are primed by antigen-presenting cells in the T cell zones of the periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths of the spleen, the paracortex of LNs, and the dome area of Peyer's patches (PPs) * lining the intestine. (rupress.org)
- No differences in the frequency of antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells between all groups were observed. (bvsalud.org)
- Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are CD1d-restricted T cells, which respond rapidly to antigen recognition and promote development of anti-tumor immunity in many tumor models. (biomedcentral.com)
- 0.05), suggesting the selective elimination of DCs cross-presenting tumor-associated antigens by iNKT cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Natural killer T (NKT) cells comprise a subset of lymphocytes originating from a distinct developmental lineage [ 1 ] which bridge innate and adaptive immunity and modulate immune responses in autoimmunity, malignancies and infections [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteins2
- IRF proteins bind specific DNA sequences such as interferon-stimulated response elements, interferon regulatory elements, and the interferon consensus sequence. (lookformedical.com)
- Prime candidates are the streptococcal superantigens (SAgs), a family of highly mitogenic proteins secreted individually or in certain combinations by many Streptococcus pyogenes strains ( 7 - 10 ), although other virulence factors, such as Streptolysin O and various cell wall antigens can also cause toxic shock ( 11 ). (cdc.gov)
Murine1
- Progressive biliary destruction is independent of a functional tumor necrosis factor-alpha pathway in a rhesus rotavirus-induced murine model of biliary atresia. (childrensmercy.org)
Defect1
- Earlier studies suggested a primary B-lymphocyte defect as a cause of common variable immunodeficiency in a small group of patients. (medscape.com)
Binds1
- An interferon regulatory factor that binds upstream TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORY ELEMENTS in the GENES for INTERFERON-ALPHA and INTERFERON-BETA . (lookformedical.com)
Superfamily Member1
- A tumor necrosis factor superfamily member that plays a role in the regulation of B-LYMPHOCYTE survival. (rush.edu)
Adaptive2
- The microarchitecture of secondary lymphoid organs plays an important role in facilitating the activation and maturation of antigen-specific lymphocytes and ultimately the mounting of an adaptive immune response ( 1 ). (rupress.org)
- In addition, they act directly on lymphocytes to reinforce certain adaptive immune responses. (antibodies-online.cn)
Prostaglandin1
- 9-alpha, 11 beta-prostaglandin F2, a novel metabolite of prostaglandin D2 is a potent contractile agonist of human and guinea pig airways. (mcgill.ca)
Pathogenesis2
- Deletion in the 190 kDa antigen gene repeat region of Rickettsia rickettsii, Microbial Pathogenesis , Vol.20 , No.1 , 57-62, 1996. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
- these include embryonic development, disease pathogenesis, non-specific response to infection, specific response to antigen, changes in cognitive functions and progression of the degenerative processes of aging. (antibodies-online.cn)
INTERFERON-ALPHA1
- They include alpha- and beta-interferons ( INTERFERON-ALPHA and INTERFERON-BETA ). (lookformedical.com)
Cell3
- Lymphotoxin alpha (LT α ) and TNF α were shown to induce the expression of homing chemokines in B and T cell areas of the spleen [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
- A growth factor produced by the cell that stimulates the same cell to grow. (unboundmedicine.com)
- This stimulates yeast hyphal formation, is immunomodulatory and causes cell damage during infection Ells et al, 2012 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
Role1
- Confocal microscopy revealed that HNF4a is present in both T UNC1215 UNC1215 lymphocytes and granulocytes, suggesting a previously unsuspected role for this transcription factor in regulating leukocyte function and therapeutic response in JIA. (tech-strategy.org)
Immune1
- Cellular Components of the Immune System The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
Response1
- Interferon secreted by leukocytes , fibroblasts , or lymphoblasts in response to viruses or interferon inducers other than mitogens, antigens , or allo-antigens. (lookformedical.com)
Dependence1
- Apart from endothelium dependence, alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade, K + channel activation and Ca 2+ channel blockade were also involved in the vasorelaxant effect of DeHE [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Primary1
- Natural HIV-1 Nef accelerates virus replication in primary human lymphocytes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Molecular1
- and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens (Ags). (msdmanuals.com)
Formation1
- Any of a group of polypeptides that stimulate the formation of new blood vessels. (unboundmedicine.com)
Structure1
- Lymphotoxin-alpha (LTalpha) supports development of splenic follicular structure that is required for IgG responses, The Journal of Experimental Medicine , Vol.185 , No.12 , 2111-2120, 1997. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
Human1
- The antigen is being used as a target for immunotherapy treatment of human carcinomas. (thermofisher.com)
Major1
- The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES . (lookformedical.com)