AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceHealth Care
Lymphoid TissueLymphocytesLymphocyte ActivationLymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal ZoneT-LymphocytesPalatine TonsilLymphocyte SubsetsB-LymphocytesLymph NodesPeyer's PatchesLymphocyte CountSpleenCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesThymus GlandChemokine CCL21Flow CytometryLymphocyte Culture Test, MixedMice, Inbred C57BLMice, Inbred BALB CCells, CulturedT-Lymphocyte SubsetsT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesReceptors, Lymphocyte HomingChemokine CXCL13Lymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingLeukocyte CountAntigens, CD3Antibodies, MonoclonalAntigens, CDLymphocyte TransfusionPhytohemagglutininsImmunophenotypingConcanavalin AImmunity, MucosalDendritic CellsCytotoxicity, ImmunologicInterleukin-2MesenteryLymphocyte DepletionAppendixImmunoglobulinsImmunity, CellularAntigens, SurfaceThoracic DuctIntestinal MucosaMucous MembraneChemokine CCL19LymphomaCell MovementLymphotoxin-betaImmunohistochemistryReceptors, CXCR5CD4-CD8 RatioKiller Cells, NaturalImmunologic MemoryReceptors, CCR7Antigens, Differentiation, T-LymphocyteReceptors, Antigen, B-CellMitogensAntigensLymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1Lymphotoxin-alphaInterferon-gammaLymphotoxin beta ReceptorAntibody FormationCytokinesChemokines, CCMolecular Sequence DataCD4 Lymphocyte CountRosette FormationHIV-1LectinsAntigens, CD45L-SelectinImmunoglobulin MCell SeparationCell LineB-Lymphocyte SubsetsImmunoglobulin AReceptors, Antigen, T-CellImmunoglobulin GMice, KnockoutMacrophagesMucoproteinsLymphocyte CooperationAntibody-Producing CellsLymphoma, B-CellGerminal CenterReceptors, ChemokineCytotoxicity Tests, ImmunologicMice, TransgenicT-Lymphocytes, Helper-InducerClone CellsPlasma CellsMice, Inbred StrainsNasal MucosaAntigens, CD4Time FactorsLymphopenia
MacrophagesLymphSpleenInnate lymphoid cellsThymusSecondaryConnectiveMucosalCellsNeutrophilsPopulationsLymphomasPeripheral bloodAggregatesOrgans and tissuesDiffuseAntibodiesNodulesMALTTonsilsLaminaSmall intestinePhenotypicIntraepithelialIntestinalCytologyDifferentiationInfiltrateMalignanciesSurfacesBoneInfectionReplicationBloodAntigenTumorPathwaysActivationViralOrganDigestiveBody
Macrophages11
Lymph12
Spleen1
Innate lymphoid cells3
  • The pathways that lead to the development of tissue-resident lymphocytes, including liver type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s), remain unclear. (nih.gov)
  • 1. To be able to describe the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in Date of Original Release: April 2014. (cdc.gov)
  • NKT: Natural killer T innate lymphoid cells and their role in asthma. (cdc.gov)
Thymus3
Secondary7
  • The lymphatic vessels and secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) are arranged in a manner that optimizes interactions among antigens, APCs, and innate and adaptive effector cells. (jci.org)
  • To compare the functions of primary and secondary lymphoid organs. (pearson.com)
  • PrPSC accumulates in compact, protease-resistant aggregates within neural tissue and has a different secondary and tertiary structure from PrPC, but an identical primary sequence. (biolegend.com)
  • This is the moment when the cells detect the microbes or danger, change their biological functions and begin their migration to secondary lymphoid organs. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • MHC proteins determine antigen recognition by lymphocytes and therefore their activation within secondary lymphoid organs. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • they have receptors for the crystallizable fragment (Fc) region of immunoglobulin (Ig) G and for complement, which enable them to bind with immune complexes and present the complex to B cells in germinal centers of secondary lymphoid organs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The nasopharyngeal tonsillar tissue, a secondary lymphoid tissue, reveals the stage of immunodeficiency of HIV-infected patients and can also provide additional information about the evolution and response of the affected patients to their treatment (3). (bvsalud.org)
Connective7
  • citation needed] Underneath them, there is an underlying layer of loose connective tissue called lamina propria. (wikipedia.org)
  • Around puberty it atrophies so most of it is connective tissue. (studystack.com)
  • Lymphoid tissue consists of connective tissue and white blood cells, especially lymphocytes. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • These chemicals include histamine (mostly secreted by basophils, white blood cells found in connective tissue), kinins, prostaglandins (PGs), and complement proteins. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • Hereâ s What You Need To Know: The 4 basic body tissue types (epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues) and their functions. (pearson.com)
  • Short-term (3-hour) immersion of jejunal tissues in 2 N NaOH solution enabled us to simultaneously view networks of reticular fibrils and fibroblasts residing in the subepithelial connective tissue under a scanning electron microscope. (karger.com)
  • In the 3rd stage, fragments of the nasolacrimal duct wall were represented by dense fibrous connective tissue with pronounced atrophic changes, areas of squamous metaplasia or proliferation of the basal layer, goblet cells were not detected. (bvsalud.org)
Mucosal1
  • Chin YH, Cai JP, Hieselaar T. Lymphocyte migration into mucosal lymphoid tissues: mechanism and modulation. (medscape.com)
Cells40
  • The development of the GALT has also been described in several marsupial species, including tammar wallabies, stripe-faced dunnarts (Sminthopsis macroura), and red-tailed phascogales The Peyer's patch is an aggregate of lymphoid cells projected to the lumen of the gut which acts as a very important site for the initiation of the immune response. (wikipedia.org)
  • This enzyme is found throughout the body but is most active in specialized white blood cells called lymphocytes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Our findings suggest that Nef facilitates depletion of CD4 + T lymphocytes in HIV-1-infected lymphoid tissue ex vivo by increasing the pool of productively infected cells and by sensitizing bystander cells for killing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They consist of lymphoid tissue, which contains lymphocytes, cells that fight off disease. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Hayday, A.C. γδ T cells and the lymphoid stress-surveillance response. (nature.com)
  • Histologic lesions consisted of interstitial pneumonia with multinucleated syncytial cells and a moderate-to-severe lymphocytic depletion in the lymphoid tissues. (cdc.gov)
  • The roles of the M cells include absorption, transport, processing, and presentation of antigens to subepithelial lymphoid cells. (medscape.com)
  • M cells in the intestinal epithelium overlying Peyer patches allow transport of antigens to the lymphoid tissue beneath it. (medscape.com)
  • Hamzaoui N, Pringault E. Interaction of microorganisms, epithelium, and lymphoid cells of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. (medscape.com)
  • A veterinarian can perform a fine needle aspiration of cells or a biopsy (which removes a small amount of tissue from a tumor) for evaluation. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • If malignancy is suspected, tissue surrounding the tumor will also be removed to increase the chance that none of the tumor cells are left behind. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • discuss the role of integrins in T cell- mediated immunity, with a focus on how these receptors participate in lymphocyte recirculation and T cell activation, how antigen stimulation regulates integrin activity, and how integrins define functionally unique subsets of T cells and APCs. (scielo.br)
  • Recent studies indicate that memory T lymphocytes contain distinct populations of central memory (T CM cells) and effector memory (T EM ) cells characterized by distinct homing capacity and effector function. (scielo.br)
  • In a very interesting review, P. MARRACK & J. KAPPLER focus on naïve, activated, and memory T cells survival separately, and discuss experiments done in vitro and in mice lacking or containing normal populations of lymphocytes. (scielo.br)
  • Distemper virus infects various types of cells including epithelial cells, lymphocytes, and neurons. (vin.com)
  • Chromosomal aberrations (hypo- and hyperdiploidy, deletions, breaks, and gaps) in peripheral lymphocytes and bone marrow cells are the predominant effects seen in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Production of a monoclonal antibody reactive with human dendritic reticulum cells and its use in the immunohistological analysis of lymphoid tissue. (bmj.com)
  • Natural killer cells (NK cells) are lymphocytes (white blood cells that mature in lymphoid tissues). (cliffsnotes.com)
  • Lymphocytes identify foreign substances from germs (viruses or bacteria) in the body and produce cells and antibodies that specifically target them. (successcds.net)
  • We investigated the expression of immune checkpoints (ICs) on lymphoid populations within the CRC TME and compared with cells from normal colon tissues using samples from 50 patients with varying disease stages. (mdpi.com)
  • In this topic, we will review the cells, tissues, and organs that make up the immune system. (pearson.com)
  • Some cells migrate to tissues to take up residence whereas others circulate through the blood and lymphatic system, entering tissues when needed. (pearson.com)
  • Lymphocyte - These cells have a rounded nucleus, no prominent granules, and are smaller than monocytes. (pearson.com)
  • These antibodies are developed by cells called B lymphocytes (B cells) after the body has been exposed to the invader. (uhhospitals.org)
  • T lymphocytes (T cells) also help fight off infection. (uhhospitals.org)
  • In addition, these fibroblasts were combined with lymphocytes or dendritic cells in the lamina propria mucosae. (karger.com)
  • These molecular defects interfere with lymphocyte development and function, blocking the differentiation and proliferation of T cells and, in some types, of B cells and NK cells. (medscape.com)
  • This tissue generates white blood cells known as lymphocytes that help mount immune system responses to invading germs, suggesting the appendix may help make, direct and train these immune cells, evolutionary biologist Heather F. Smith at Midwestern University in Glendale, Arizona, told Live Science. (livescience.com)
  • The slow-growing B-cell lymphoma MZL arises from white blood cells (lymphocytes) at the edges of lymphoid tissue. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
  • Intestinal aGvHD can occur after stem cell transplantation when the immune cells of the donor (the graft) consider the recipient's body (the host) as foreign and attack the organs and tissue. (businesswire.com)
  • In the blood, mucous membranes and lymphoid organs, dendritic cells provide a dual role as sentinels, but also as conductors of the immune orchestra. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • Paradoxically, while we have known for a long time the key role played by these cells in the activation of B and T lymphocytes, and we identified the sensors that allow them to detect danger signals emitted by pathogens, operation of this interface remains partly a mystery. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • To deliver these immunological instructions, antigen (in practice a peptide a few amino acids in length) is not presented in isolation to T lymphocytes by dendritic cells but is nestled in a pocket formed by a molecule, known as the Major Histocompatibility Complex (called HLA in humans). (univ-mrs.fr)
  • White blood cells known as B lymphocytes (B cells) produce antibodies in response to infections such as bloodborne pathogens. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • Fcα/µR is mainly expressed on lymphoid tissue immune cells, where it acts as a receptor for IgA and IgM antibodies. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • Recent studies suggested that strategies to reduce immunosuppressive cells, promote systemic T-cell responses and lymphocyte trafficking to the tumor microenvironment (TME) may improve efficacy. (bmj.com)
  • Foremost, N-809 enhances intratumoral lymphocyte numbers by increasing trafficking via altered chemokine levels in the TME and chemokine receptor expression on CD8 + T cells and NK cells. (bmj.com)
  • Here, we show phenotypic progression within lymphoid tissues as MZ B cells emerge from the mature naïve B cell pool via a precursor CD27 − CD45RB MEM55+ population distant from memory cells. (lu.se)
  • By imaging mass cytometry, we find that MZ B cells and memory B cells occupy different microanatomical niches in organised gut lymphoid tissues. (lu.se)
  • CRTH2: Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed includes nonallergic asthma phenotypes, such as asthma on TH2 cells associated with exposure to air pollution, infection, or obesity, ILC: Innate lymphoid cell that require innate rather than adaptive immunity. (cdc.gov)
Neutrophils2
  • The two most common types are the lymphocytes and neutrophils (also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes, "polys" or PMNs). (successcds.net)
  • Neutrophils move out of the blood vessels into the infected tissue to attack the bacteria. (successcds.net)
Populations3
  • The human lymphoid aggregate culture (HLAC) from tonsil maintains the cell populations and cytokine milieu found in vivo , supports a productive infection without exogenous stimulation, and Nef contributes to efficient HIV-1 replication as well as CD4 + T cell depletion in this experimental ex vivo -model. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both populations disseminate widely between distant lymphoid tissues and blood, and both diversify their IGHV repertoire in gut germinal centres (GC), but nevertheless remain largely. (lu.se)
  • 4 ]. A relationship between activated or lymphocytes and enzyme-linked immuno- memory-effector lymphocyte populations sorbent assay (ELISA) for CD117. (who.int)
Lymphomas1
Peripheral blood3
  • Here we report that in early-stage disease there is a dichotomy between the levels of viral burden and virus replication in peripheral blood versus lymphoid organs. (duke.edu)
  • Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were stained with CD230 (clone 3F4) FITC (filled histogram) or mouse IgG2a, κ FITC isotype control (open histogram). (biolegend.com)
  • Most patients have detectable lymphoid tissue since peripheral blood lymphocyte counts are normal or elevated. (lu.se)
Aggregates1
  • PrP Sc is a conformational isoform of PrP C , but this orientation tends to accumulate in compact, protease -resistant aggregates within neural tissue. (wikidoc.org)
Organs and tissues5
  • Lymphoid organs and tissues are the sites where lymphocytes are produced, reside, and come in contact with pathogens. (pearson.com)
  • Although previous recommendations for preventing transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through transplantation of human tissue and organs have markedly reduced the risk for this type of transmission, a case of HIV transmission from a screened, antibody-negative donor to several recipients raised questions about the need for additional federal oversight of transplantation of organs and tissues. (cdc.gov)
  • A working group formed by the Public Health Service (PHS) in 1991 to address these issues concluded that further recommendations should be made to reduce the already low risk of HIV transmission by transplantation of organs and tissues. (cdc.gov)
  • This occurrence raised questions about the need for additional federal oversight of transplantation of organs and tissues. (cdc.gov)
  • The working group concluded that, although existing recommendations are largely sufficient, revisions should be made to reduce the already low risk of HIV transmission via transplantation of organs and tissues. (cdc.gov)
Diffuse1
  • Diffuse lymphoid-plasmacytic infiltration was observed along the periphery of the terminal sections of the glands and in the subepithelial zone. (bvsalud.org)
Antibodies2
Nodules1
  • The reticular sheet in the domes of isolated lymphoid nodules was markedly porous, and many lymphocytes migrated into or out of the epithelium through the foramina. (karger.com)
MALT3
Tonsils2
  • It can occur in people who have had their tonsils removed, as some tonsil tissue often remains after surgery. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • A child's nasopharyngeal tonsil has a greater number of lymphocytes than adult tonsils (2). (bvsalud.org)
Lamina1
Small intestine2
Phenotypic1
  • Beyond this basic grouping, SCID may be categorized according to phenotypic lymphocyte profiles that include both B-cell status (B + or B - ) and NK-cell status (NK + or NK - ) in addition to T-cell status (T - , because there is always a T-cell deficiency in SCID). (medscape.com)
Intraepithelial2
  • Exogenous stimuli maintain intraepithelial lymphocytes via aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation. (nature.com)
  • Shires, J., Theodoridis, E. & Hayday, A.C. Biological insights into TCRγδ + and TCRαβ + intraepithelial lymphocytes provided by serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE). (nature.com)
Intestinal3
  • Studies of intestinal lymphoid tissue. (bmj.com)
  • VI--Proliferative response of small intestinal epithelial lymphocytes distinguishes gluten- from non-gluten-induced enteropathy. (bmj.com)
  • The gastrointestinal tract is the largest lymphoid organ in the body, so it is not surprising that intestinal diseases are common among immunodeficient patients. (medscape.com)
Cytology1
  • These may require examination of the overall architecture of the tissue, for which cytology is not appropriate. (merckvetmanual.com)
Differentiation1
  • The area of Lymphocyte Development and Differentiation has been the target for several publications in previous volumes of this scientific series. (scielo.br)
Infiltrate2
  • We discovered that, in mouse models, activated B-lymphocytes infiltrate infarcted tissue in the weeks after stroke. (jneurosci.org)
  • In the cellular elements of the infiltrate in areas adjacent to the stenosis zone, CD20+ and CD3+ lymphocytes were present in equal proportions, the arrangement in layers corresponded to that of the 2nd stage. (bvsalud.org)
Malignancies1
  • Likewise with essential Lymphocyte absconds, watchfulness for malignancies and immune system problems is additionally significant in patients with B-cell issues [ 3 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
Surfaces1
  • In contrast, increased CD4 + T lymphocyte depletion depended on only two protein interaction surfaces in Nef that mediate either downregulation of cell surface CD4 or interaction with the NAKC signalosome. (biomedcentral.com)
Bone2
  • The soft, spongy tissue found in bone cavities. (uhhospitals.org)
  • The bone tissue stores several minerals, specifically calcium and phosphorus that keep the bones strong. (learninggnm.com)
Infection2
  • Tissue lesions from a harbor seal ( Phoca vitulina ) with phocine distemper virus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: HIV infection is active and progressive in lymphoid tissue during the clinically latent stage of disease. (duke.edu)
Replication3
  • The clinical manifestation of AIDS results from continuous replication of HIV in infected individuals that causes slow but steady decline of CD4 + T lymphocytes to levels that no longer control opportunistic infections [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have analysed viral burden and levels of virus replication simultaneously in the blood and lymphoid organs of the same individuals at various stages of HIV disease. (duke.edu)
  • The nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissue contributes to the chronic replication of HIV-1 (1). (bvsalud.org)
Blood5
  • Lymphocytes in the blood and in lymphoid tissues make up the immune system. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Materials are passed between the blood & tissue through the capillary walls. (studystack.com)
  • HIV disease is active in the lymphoid tissue throughout the period of clinical latency, even at times when minimal viral activity is demonstrated in blood. (duke.edu)
  • lymphoid system returns the same amount of interstitial sluid to the blood stream. (freezingblue.com)
  • In 1985, when tests for HIV antibody became available, screening prospective donors of blood, organs, and other tissues also began (2,3). (cdc.gov)
Antigen1
  • CMI) , cellular i. immune responses that are initiated by an antigen-presenting cell interacting with and mediated by T lymphocytes ( e.g., graft rejection, delayed-type hypersensitivity). (theodora.com)
Tumor1
  • However, most GEP studies have typically been performed on whole tissue samples, containing varying degrees of tumor cell content, which results in uncertainties in data analysis. (lu.se)
Pathways1
Activation1
  • Compared with N-803+αPD-L1, N-809 enhanced natural killer (NK) and CD8 + T-cell activation and function in the dLN and TME, relating to increased gene expression associated with interferon and cytokine signaling, lymphoid compartment, costimulation and cytotoxicity. (bmj.com)
Viral2
  • Despite our expanding knowledge on the molecular details of the multi-faceted interactions of HIV with its host, the basic question of which viral factors and cell death mechanisms contribute to the loss of CD4 + T lymphocytes in HIV infected patients has not been entirely solved. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The children's medical records were analyzed to assess information about TCD4+ lymphocyte count (%) and viral loads (log 10 ). (bvsalud.org)
Organ3
  • SYN: natural i., nonspecific i.. local i. a natural or acquired i. to certain infectious agents, as manifested by an organ or a tissue, as a whole or in part. (theodora.com)
  • This is in part because the gut is the largest lymphoid organ in the body, containing the majority of lymphocytes and producing large amounts of immunoglobulin (Ig). (medscape.com)
  • A 1991 investigation determined that several recipients had been infected with HIV by an organ/tissue donor who had tested negative for HIV antibody at the time of donation (4). (cdc.gov)
Digestive1
  • In the same way, the immune system tissues are strategically distributed throughout the body, particularly at those points where pathogens can most easily gain entry to the body such as the respiratory and digestive tract mucosae. (pearson.com)
Body1