Lymphoid cell lymphoid progenitor cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

The pathways that lead to the development of tissue-resident lymphocytes, including liver type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s), remain unclear. (nih.gov)
They should prime naïve T cell, and induce transition from chronically activated non-protective CD8+ T cells to healthy CD8+ T cells that can produce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which recognize and eliminate cancer cells by recognizing specific antigens. (wikipedia.org)
In phase 2 (Donor-T-cell activation, differentiation, and migration), the infused donor T lymphocytes are responsible for triggering GVHD and proliferate after activation by the recipient antigens expressed on host cells. (medscape.com)
A malignancy in the lymphoid lineage that includes white blood cells such as T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. (medgadget.com)
In the context of cancer, appropriately activated DCs can induce anti-tumor immunity by activating innate immune cells and tumor-specific lymphocytes that target cancer cells. (mdpi.com)
According to this model, T and B cells lose the potential to develop into non-lymphocytes (myeloid cells) once they pass the CLP branching point. (riken.jp)
Here we review emerging T cell engineering approaches that utilize alternative T cell sources, which include virus-specific or T cell receptor-less allogeneic T cells, expanded lymphoid progenitors, and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived T lymphocytes. (amsterdamumc.org)
and (b) cell-mediated immunity, mediated by sensitized lymphocytes. (brainkart.com)
These are the organs in which precursor lymphocytes proliferate, develop, and differ-entiate from lymphoid stem cells to become immunologically competent cells. (brainkart.com)
After acquiring immu-nological competency, the lymphocytes migrate to secondary lymphoid organs to induce appropriate immune response on exposure to antigens. (brainkart.com)
It consists mainly of ( a ) cortical thymocytes, theimmunologically immature T lymphocytes, and ( b ) a small number of macrophages and plasma cells. (brainkart.com)
Bone marrow is the site for prolifera-tion of stem cells and for the origin of pre-B cells and their matu-ration to become immunoglobulin-producing lymphocytes. (brainkart.com)
B lymphocytes develop their B-cell receptors (BCRs) by DNA rearrangement. (brainkart.com)
The B lymphocytes are transformed into plasma cells and secrete antibodies. (brainkart.com)
SL is an antigen-dependent process and requires the collaboration of antigen presenting cells (dendritic cells and macrophages), CD4 + T lymphocytes, and different cytokines. (medscape.com)
Chromosomal aberrations (hypo- and hyperdiploidy, deletions, breaks, and gaps) in peripheral lymphocytes and bone marrow cells are the predominant effects seen in humans. (cdc.gov)
T lymphocytes originate via lymphoid stem cells that migrate to the thymus and differentiate under the influence of the thymic hormones thymopoietin and thymosin. (medscape.com)

Non-activated (immature) DCs are usually located in the peripheral non-lymphoid tissues and they can present self-antigens to T cells, that leads to immune tolerance either through T cell deletion or through the differentiation of regulatory T cells. (wikipedia.org)
Upon activation by its cytokine ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), this protein phosphorylates multiple intracellular proteins that play a role in in the proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis of many cell types and thereby plays an important role in hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, gametogenesis, melanogenesis, and in mast cell development, migration and function. (nih.gov)
Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine have found a new wrinkle in the developmental biology dogma that cell differentiation occurs irreversibly as stem cells give rise to increasingly specialized types of offspring cells. (innovations-report.com)
M, Peterson C. 2018 Haematopoietic stem suggests that during differentiation a stem cell approaches a stable equili- cells: entropic landscapes of differentiation. (lu.se)
Single cells in these populations exhibit different com- stem cell differentiation, Shannon information binations of regulator activity that suggest the presence of multiple theory, entropy configurations of a potential differentiation network as a result of multiple entry points into the committed state. (lu.se)
Adipose-derived MSCs, in particular, pose an attractive option for cell-based therapy due to their relatively decreased morbidity during isolation and potential for expansion and differentiation [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Multipotential differentiation of MSCs into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic cell lineages. (hindawi.com)
A research team in Japan has linked a developmental checkpoint in the differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors into specific T cell lineages to the activity of a single gene encoding a transcription factor. (riken.jp)
Testing of various conditions revealed that reduction of the cytokine interleukin-7 (IL-7), possibly corresponding to an environmental signal in the thymus, triggered resumption of development and differentiation into T cells. (riken.jp)
Together, the findings identify Bcl11b as a "master gene" governing the final step toward differentiation into T cells, confirming the proposed model and heralding a paradigm shift in our understanding of blood cell lineages. (riken.jp)
Combined signaling through interleukin-7 receptors and Flt3 selectively promotes B-cell commitment and differentiation from uncommitted murine bone marrow progenitor cells. (biolegend.com)
DNMT3A is a critical regulator of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation and somatic DNMT3A mutations are frequent in hematologic malignancies and clonal hematopoiesis. (haematologica.org)
The colony-forming unit (CFU) assay is a clonal, in vitro culture assay that measures the growth and frequency of functionally viable HSPCs by assessing the proliferation and differentiation of individual progenitor cells, resulting in the formation of discrete colonies in a semi-solid methylcellulose medium (such as MethoCult™ ) when supplemented with appropriate cytokines. (stemcell.com)
Cell markers, or surface antigens, are molecules located on a cell's membrane used to identify specific cell types, their lineage, and their stage in the differentiation process according to the presence or absence of the expression of defined markers. (stemcell.com)
1. Harriman GR, Kunimoto DY, Elliott JF, Paetkau V, Strober W. The role of IL-5 in IgA B cell differentiation. (southernbiotech.com)
To effectively support the growth and differentiation of primitive lymphohematopoietic progenitors, complex signals from stromal cells are important. (bio-protocol.org)
Using osteogenic differentiation medium, multipotent stromal cells (MSC) are induced to differentiate into osteocytes in vitro and to secrete bone matrix. (bio-protocol.org)
This initiates cortex-medulla differentiation inducing expression of medullary genes in the apically differentiating cells and of cortical genes in the non-apically differentiating cells, which will definitely differentiate in wt and postnatal Ikaros−/− mice. (ucm.es)
Therefore, the thymus development is based on a branching morphogenesis and tubulogenesis developmental pattern: FoxN1 expression in the thymic primordium inhibits tubulogenesis and induces the expression of genes involved in TEC differentiation, which culminates with the expression of functional cell markers, i.e. (ucm.es)
One of these is fate determination of the common lymphoid progenitor, promoting T-cell development at the expense of B-cell differentiation. (lu.se)
Abnormal proliferation, clonal expansion, aberrant differentiation, and diminished apoptosis (programmed cell death) lead to replacement of normal blood elements with malignant cells. (msdmanuals.com)
that regulate the differentiation and activation of these cells. (cdc.gov)

Polyclonal T-cell reconstitution of X-SCID recipients after in utero transplantation of lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitors. (ox.ac.uk)
Herein, we demonstrate in a congenic setting that recently identified lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitors are superior to hematopoietic stem cells in providing rapid lymphoid reconstitution after IUHCT of X-SCID recipients, and sustain in the long-term B cells, polyclonal T cells, as well as short-lived B-cell progenitors and thymic T-cell precursors. (ox.ac.uk)
During regular hematopoiesis, multipotent progenitors (myeloid-T-B progenitors) first lose the potential to generate B cells. (riken.jp)

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) differentiate from lymphoid progenitor cells in the lymphoid tissues. (wikipedia.org)
100% (median of 79%, range: 55%-100%), suggesting that not all WM B cells differentiate into PCs. (confex.com)
Osteoprogenitor MSCs not only differentiate into bone, but they also exert modulatory effects on immune cells via a variety of mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stem cells, have the capacity to differentiate into a variety of cell types (Figure 1 ), including adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Immature B cells proliferate and differentiate within the bone marrow. (brainkart.com)
Secondary lymphopoiesis (SL) begins when mature B cells enter the extrafollicular area of lymphoid tissue and differentiate into short-lived plasma cells and memory cells after first being stimulated by antigen-presenting cells. (medscape.com)
Memory cells travel to the primary follicle, where, after exposure to dendritic cells, they differentiate into centroblasts (immunoglobulin class-switch). (medscape.com)
Centroblasts progress to centrocytes with high-affinity antibody production, and then they differentiate further to long-term memory cells and plasmablasts. (medscape.com)
B cells emerge from the bone marrow as transitional (TS) B cells that differentiate through T1, T2, and T3 stages to become naive B cells. (lu.se)
As needed, the stem cells differentiate to become a particular kind of cell-a white blood cell, red blood cell, or platelet. (medscape.com)

Pushing mature cells into other lineages may offer a new way to replace cells involved in blood diseases and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer s disease. (innovations-report.com)
Reported in Science , the discovery lends support to a new model for the development of blood cells lineages. (riken.jp)
CD34 is the most commonly used cell surface marker to identify human HSPCs as it is expressed on HSCs, in addition to both multipotent and more differentiated progenitor cells of individual blood cell lineages. (stemcell.com)
In addition, my lab studies the process of developmental committment to the B cell lineages, using 7-color flow cytometry on a state-of-the-art 3 laser FACS. (umassmed.edu)
Our data also suggested that expression of SCL was transient and confined to hematopoietic stem and/or progenitor cells, because the differentiated progeny of most lineages (except the erythroid) were beta-galactosidase-negative. (ozgene.com)
The mechanisms that determine the commitment of thymic epithelial precursors to the two major thymic epithelial cell lineages, cTECs and mTECs, remain unknown. (ucm.es)
Similarly, destruction of neonatally abundant pluripotent stem cells would likely have a more pervasive outcome than destruction of The value of incorporating immunologic appeared more severe and/or persistent when single lineages or differentiated cells that pre- data for the toxicologic assessment of drugs, the exposure occurred perinatally when com- dominate in adults. (cdc.gov)

A better understanding of the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) has emerged over the past six years, one which defines a family of lymphoid cell subsets with properties that parallel T-helper cell subsets, said Dr. Spits. (the-rheumatologist.org)
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that have a notable role in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. (mdpi.com)
The normal process of fracture repair begins with an immediate inflammatory response as the innate immune system (macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and NK cells) responds with a variety of cytokines that recruit and activate several cell types, including osteoprogenitor mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), to the site of injury [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
The development of innate lymphoid cells requires TOX-dependent generation of a common innate lymphoid cell progenitor. (cornell.edu)
1. To be able to describe the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in Date of Original Release: April 2014. (cdc.gov)
CRTH2: Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed includes nonallergic asthma phenotypes, such as asthma on TH2 cells associated with exposure to air pollution, infection, or obesity, ILC: Innate lymphoid cell that require innate rather than adaptive immunity. (cdc.gov)
NKT: Natural killer T innate lymphoid cells and their role in asthma. (cdc.gov)

It is arise from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the bone marrow. (medgadget.com)
Collectively, these are referred to as hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). (stemcell.com)

or (3) solid organ transplantation involving organs containing lymphoid tissue. (medscape.com)
CD34 is a transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein that was first identified on HSPCs, but its expression is also present on other cell types, such as vascular tissue. (stemcell.com)
Human Adipose-derived Stem/Stromal Cells (ASCs) have been widely used in stem cell and obesity research, as well as clinical applications including cell-based therapies, tissue engineering and reconstruction. (bio-protocol.org)
Compared with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from other tissues such as umbilical cord and bone marrow, isolation of ASCs from human white adipose tissue (WAT) has great advantages due to its rich tissue source and simple surgical procedure. (bio-protocol.org)
Lymphoid organs include the gut-associated lymphoid tis-sues-tonsils, Peyer's patches, and appendix-as well as aggre-gates of lymphoid tissue in the submucosal spaces of the respiratory and genitourinary tracts. (brainkart.com)
IgM hi T2 cells have higher expression of α4β7 integrin and lower expression of IL-4 receptor (IL4R) compared with the IgM lo branch and are selectively recruited into gut-associated lymphoid tissue. (lu.se)
branch and are selectively recruited into gut-associated lymphoid tissue. (lu.se)
lymphoid tissue, and digestive tract), which the animal model captures the It can be difficult to parse out concordance has often been ob- range of potential human response reasons for lack of tumour site con- served among different species after to the particular agent tested. (who.int)
Bone marrow consists of stem cells, which are large, "primitive," undifferentiated cells supported by fibrous tissue called stroma. (medscape.com)
There are 2 main types of stem cells and, therefore, the bone marrow consists of 2 types of cellular tissue. (medscape.com)
Single-cell PCR performed on the DNA extracted from isolated BM erythroid and myeloid progenitors in the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded BM tissue biopsy specimens, collected 2 days before death and at autopsy, were PARV4/5 negative. (cdc.gov)

Thus, the few WM subclonal mutations observed in patients' lymphopoiesis could not result from contamination during FACSorting since in such cases, WM clonal mutations would become detectable in normal cells. (confex.com)
Central or primary lymphoid organs are the major sites for lymphopoiesis. (brainkart.com)
Both continue their development in the bone marrow through an antigen-independent process called primary lymphopoiesis (PL). Recognized stages of PL are pro-B cell, pre-B cell, immature B cell, and mature B cell. (medscape.com)
Secondary B lymphopoiesis is an antigen-dependent process and occurs in the germinal center of peripheral lymphoid organs with specific antibody production. (medscape.com)

The thymus supports T-cell development via specialized microenvironments that ensure a diverse, functional and self-tolerant T-cell population. (frontiersin.org)
However, experimental evidence suggests these cells are important for thymus function by either directly influencing T-cell development, or by indirectly regulating TEC development and/or function. (frontiersin.org)
While adult lymphoid progenitor cells are produced by the bone marrow, their lineage commitment and development into mature T-cells is dependent on their migration into the thymus, where essential interactions with heterogeneous thymic stromal cells take place ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Arguably, the most recognized and well-studied stromal populations in thymus biology are thymic epithelial cells (TEC) within the cortical and medullary areas, which are defined by their anatomical separation and function. (frontiersin.org)
In addition to intrathymic selection, and during this medullary residency period, CD4 + and CD8 + single positive (CD4SP, CD8SP) thymocytes acquire the ability to proliferate in response to TCR stimulation, and undergo licensing for cytokine production, prior to exiting the thymus to join the peripheral T-cell pool as Recent Thymus Emigrants (RTE) ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Broadly separated into mesenchymal and endothelial cells, NES have been implicated in thymus organogenesis, thymocyte development, tolerance induction and development/maintenance of epithelial stroma. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we cover how the non-epithelial compartment of thymic stroma represent essential cell populations in regulating thymus function. (frontiersin.org)
Placing the final piece in the puzzle, the researchers discovered that T cell progenitors in the thymus from mice deficient in the gene Bcl11b exhibited the same halted development and self-renewal cycle, while further experiments connected up-regulation of the transcription factor encoded by this gene to IL-7 levels. (riken.jp)
The primary lymphoid organs include thymus and bone marrow. (brainkart.com)
In mammals, T cells mature in thymus and B cells in fetal liver and bone marrow. (brainkart.com)
Thymus is the first lymphoid organ to develop. (brainkart.com)
Thymus is the site where a large diversity of T cells is produced and so they can recognize and act against a myr-iad number of antigen-MHCs (major histocompatibility complexes). (brainkart.com)
The thymus induces the death of those T cells that cannot recognize antigen-MHCs. (brainkart.com)
The thymus is a small butterly-shaped lymphoid organ located in the upper chest. (smart-immune.com)
The thymus ensures that T-cells do not attack the self and can recognize more than 200 million potential foreign particles such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and malignant cells. (smart-immune.com)
Smart Immune is the first company to develop thymus-empowered allogeneic T-cell therapies and advance them into clinical testing through its T-cell progenitor platform, ProTcell. (smart-immune.com)
ProTcell is Smart Immune's thymus-empowered T-cell therapy platform to fully and rapidly re-arm the immune system, aimed at enabling next-generation allogeneic T-cell therapies for all. (smart-immune.com)

Cortical epithelial cells (cTEC) support the earliest thymocyte progenitor populations, guiding them through the cortex, directing them to a T-cell lineage fate and ensuring their functional qualities as self-MHC restricted cells through the process of positive selection ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
In other words, unfaithful cells that have strayed from their original identity can come to their senses and return to the original lineage," Thomas-Tikhonenko said. (innovations-report.com)
Symptoms of CNS involvement are rarely noted at initial diagnosis but are more common in T-lineage and mature B cell ALL. (medscape.com)
And, malignancy in the myeloid lineage that includes precursor cells to red blood cells, platelets and white blood cells such as granulocytes. (medgadget.com)
The development of a megakaryocyte lineage specific Cre deleter, using the Pf4 (CXCL4) promoter (Pf4-Cre), was a significant step forward in the specific analysis of platelet and megakaryocyte cell biology. (nih.gov)
Model of T cell lineage determination. (riken.jp)
Subsequently, myeloid potential is terminated and the progenitors become committed to the T cell lineage. (riken.jp)
It is expressed on early B lymphoid lineage cells in bone marrow, on primitive myeloid progenitors within the BM CD34+ cell population. (biolegend.com)
Also making up a part of the hematopoietic system are short-term repopulating progenitor cells, which give rise to lineage-specific cell types. (stemcell.com)
These organs have the ability to produce pro-genitor cells of the lymphocytic lineage. (brainkart.com)
Lineage progression from T1 cells to MZBs via an IgM hi trajectory is identified by pseudotime analysis of scRNA-sequencing data. (lu.se)

Mutations in this gene are associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumors, mast cell disease, acute myelogenous leukemia, and piebaldism. (nih.gov)

Mature DCs have ability to present antigens in the lymphoid tissues, and to prime, activate, and expand immune effector cells with unique functions and cytokine profiles. (wikipedia.org)
While many studies have demonstrated the importance of cTEC and mTEC during T-cell development, thymic stromal microenvironments also contain heterogenous non-epithelial stromal (NES) populations in a similar manner to that seen in peripheral lymphoid tissues. (frontiersin.org)
Virtually absent from normal pediatric and adult tissues, with the exception of low-level expression in a subset of immature b cell precursors known as hematogones and adipocytes, ROR1 is notably overexpressed, and considered a survival factor, in a number of B lymphoid and epithelial malignancies: including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), marginal zone lymphoma, lung adenocarcinoma. (peprotech.com)
Here we provide a comprehensive protocol on how to isolate and culture individual cell types from whole endometrial tissues for use in in vitro experiments. (bio-protocol.org)
The immune system is organized into several special tissues, which are col-lectively termed lymphoid or immune tissues . (brainkart.com)
The tissues that have evolved to a high degree of specificity of function are termed lymphoid organs . (brainkart.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
When the oxygen content of body tissues is low, if there is loss of blood or anemia, or if the number of red blood cells decreases, the kidneys produce and release erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells. (medscape.com)
PARV4/5 were also found in bone marrow (BM) and lymphoid tissues from 17 of 24 HIV-positive cadavers from Scotland ( 4 ) and in BM aspirates from 16 of 35 Italian patients with AIDS ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)

Until recently, it was believed that the various cell types of the blood are generated from stem cells in a controlled but irreversible fashion," said James Hagman, an immunology researcher at the National Jewish Medical and Research Center in Denver who was not involved in this research. (innovations-report.com)

Extensive research on thymic epithelial cells (TEC) within the cortex and medulla has defined their essential roles during T-cell development. (frontiersin.org)
Significantly, there are additional non-epithelial stromal cells (NES) that exist alongside TEC within thymic microenvironments, including multiple subsets of mesenchymal and endothelial cells. (frontiersin.org)
Culture of sorted bone marrow populations on stromal cells secreting interleukin-7 or in fetal thymic organ cultures showed that B and T lymphoid progenitors were also present in the lacZhigh and lacZint fractions. (ozgene.com)
Like thymic selection during T-cell maturation, a selection process within the bone marrow eliminates B cells with self-reactive antibody receptors. (brainkart.com)

The researchers have shown that certain mouse cells retain an ability to oscillate between very distinct blood cell types - B-cells and macrophages - long after what has been commonly regarded as the point of no return. (innovations-report.com)
We suspect that this phenomenon is not limited to B-cells and macrophages in mice. (innovations-report.com)
It s possible that by targeting this gene with drugs, we may be able to convert malignant B-cell lymphomas into much less harmful histiocytomas, tumors composed of relatively inactive macrophages. (innovations-report.com)
Previous research has demonstrated that when B-cells are transplanted from an animal into a petri dish, the cells sometimes change into macrophages. (innovations-report.com)
Moreover, the cells could continue oscillating between B-cells and macrophages indefinitely, as many times as they were relocated. (innovations-report.com)
B-cells arise from a lymphoid progenitor, while macrophages come from a myeloid progenitor. (innovations-report.com)
14. Zizzo G, Hilliard BA, Monestier M, Cohen PL. Efficient clearance of early apoptotic cells by human macrophages requires M2c polarization and MerTK induction. (southernbiotech.com)
The stroma of the organ is composed of dendritic cells, epithelial cells, and macrophages (Fig. 16-1). (brainkart.com)

In parallel, MYD88 p.L252P (orthologous position of the human L265P mutation) transgenic mice were crossed with conditional Sca1 Cre , Mb1 Cre , and Cγ1 Cre mice to selectively induce in vivo expression of MYD88 mutation in CD34+ HPC, B cell precursors and germinal center B cells, respectively. (confex.com)
Induction of pulmonary fibrosis in such chimera mice by endotracheal bleomycin (BLM) injection caused large numbers of GFP+ cells to appear in active fibrotic lesions, while only a few GFP+ cells could be identified in control lungs. (jci.org)
Flow-cytometric analysis of lung cells confirmed the BLM-induced increase in GFP+ cells in chimera mice and revealed a significant increase in GFP+ cells that also express type I collagen. (jci.org)
NOD-SCID-Gamma (NSG) mice) and measuring the presence of human blood cells in the blood or bone marrow (BM) after extended periods of engraftment, e.g., 20 weeks or longer. (stemcell.com)
Castration of normal male mice induces expansion of the bone marrow B cell population, an effect that can be reversed by androgen replacement. (jci.org)
Androgens only affected B cell development in chimeric mice with androgen-sensitive stromal cells. (jci.org)
To study the functional properties of hematopoietic cells expressing SCL, we have generated mutant mice (SCLlacZ/w) in which the Escherichia coli lacZ reporter gene has been "knocked in" to the SCL locus, thereby linking beta-galactosidase expression to transcription from the SCL promoter. (ozgene.com)
Bone marrow cells from heterozygous SCLlacZ/w mice were sorted into fractions expressing high, intermediate and low levels of beta-galactosidase (designated lacZhigh, lacZint, and lacZneg). (ozgene.com)
2015. Disruption of an M. tuberculosis membrane protein causes a magnesium-dependent cell division defect and failure to persist in mice. . (cornell.edu)

Cultured lung fibroblasts expressed the chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR7 and responded chemotactically to their cognate ligands, stromal cell-derived factor-1α and secondary lymphoid chemokine, respectively. (jci.org)
These experiments suggest that effects of androgens on developing B cells are mediated through androgen receptors in bone marrow stromal cells. (jci.org)
First identified during PCR-based cloning of a human neuroblastoma cell line in search of tyrosine kinases similar to tropomyosin-receptor-kinase (Trk) neurotropic receptors, ROR1, along with the related receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ROR2, was catalogued as an "orphan" receptor due to the fact its related ligand remained elusive. (peprotech.com)

Dr. Spits then discussed research looking at the composition of these cells that participate in homeostasis and disease in several organs in adult humans, including the skin (e.g., psoriasis, atopic dermatitis), airways (e.g., rhinosinusitis), liver (e.g., fibrosis), gut (e.g. (the-rheumatologist.org)
The lymphoid organs, based on their function, are classified into central (primary) and peripheral (secondary) lymphoid organs. (brainkart.com)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen presenting cells for the induction of antigen specific T cell response. (wikipedia.org)
Autologous dendritic cells previously loaded ex-vivo with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. (wikipedia.org)
It is an active cellular immunotherapy, which involves obtaining antigen-presenting autologous dendritic cells from the patient following a leukapheresis procedure. (wikipedia.org)
Medullary epithelial cells (mTEC), in conjunction with dendritic cells, then take over control of developing thymocytes. (frontiersin.org)
B and T cells, type 2 dendritic cells, and natural killer (NK) cells share a common ancestor, ie, common lymphoid progenitor (CLP). (medscape.com)

Myeloid or conventional DCs (cDCs) are derived from myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow and are characterized by expression of CD11c. (wikipedia.org)
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), malignant transformation and uncontrolled proliferation of an abnormally differentiated, long-lived myeloid progenitor cell results in high circulating numbers. (msdmanuals.com)

The proposed tolerance of the fetal immune system to foreign human leukocyte antigen early in gestation, a main rationale behind IUHCT, has recently been challenged by evidence for a considerable immune barrier against in utero transplanted allogeneic bone marrow cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Coupled with reports that allogeneic MSCs have immunoprivileged status and immunomodulatory properties, there has been considerable interest in exploring the use of these cells as a therapeutic option for bone repair. (hindawi.com)
To assess the capacity of multipotent stromal cells (MSC) to induce the generation of Tregs, transwell co-cultures were performed as well as cultures with MSC-conditioned medium (CM). In short, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were co-cultured with allogeneic MSC or CM for one week followed by one week of culture in the absence of MSC. (bio-protocol.org)
HSCT may be autologous (the patient's stem cells are used) or allogeneic (the stem cells come from a donor). (smart-immune.com)
Smart Immune's ProTcell platform is designed to reconstitute a T-cell compartment in around three months , compared with 12-18 months through the standard HSCT approach, significantly reducing the time to full immune recovery and possibly opening access to allogeneic medicine to more patients. (smart-immune.com)
Groups 3 and 4 comprised recipients of kidney and allogeneic BM/peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplants, for which DNA was extracted from serum specimens collected at 6 and 12 months, respectively, after transplantation. (cdc.gov)

Neonatal murine epidermal cells express a functional multidrug-resistant pump. (southernbiotech.com)
In this protocol, we introduce two stromal co-culture systems for murine lymphohematopoietic progenitors and their application for limiting dilution assays. (bio-protocol.org)

Define the cellular origin of WM by comparing the genetic landscape of WM cells to that of CD34+ HPC, B cell precursors and residual normal B cells. (confex.com)
We used FACSorting to isolate 57 cell subsets from bone marrow (BM) aspirates of 10 WM patients: CD34+ HPC, B cell precursors, residual normal B cells (if detectable), WM B cells, plasma cells (PCs) and T cells (germline control). (confex.com)
Notably, we found MYD88 L265P in B cell precursors from 1/10 cases and in residual normal B cells from 4/10 patients, which were confirmed by ASO-PCR and ddPCR. (confex.com)
Indeed, these more sensitive methods detected MYD88 L265P in B cell precursors from 6/10 cases and in residual normal B cells from 6/10 patients. (confex.com)
CXCR4 was simultaneously mutated in B cell precursors and WM B cells from one patient. (confex.com)
We employed in vitro cultures and two in vivo models to investigate whether androgens exert these effects directly on marrow lymphoid precursors or whether actions on marrow stromal elements are required. (jci.org)
Reduced frequency of IgM hi gut-homing T2 cells is observed in severe SLE and is associated with reduction of MZBs and their putative IgM hi precursors. (lu.se)
When the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene mutation or point mutations in the PDGFRA gene occur in blood cell precursors, the growth of eosinophils (and occasionally other blood cells, such as neutrophils and mast cells) is poorly controlled, leading to PDGFRA -associated chronic eosinophilic leukemia. (medlineplus.gov)

In textbook theory, HSCs branch early on into two progenitor cell types, one of which, known as the common lymphoid progenitor (CLP), later differentiates into T and B cells. (riken.jp)
CLP differentiates into 2 intermediate progenitors: early B cells and T/NK/dendritic trilineage cells. (medscape.com)

Single-cell RNA and B-cell receptor sequencing (scRNA/BCRseq) was performed in total BM B cells and PCs (n=32,720) from 3 IgM MGUS and 2 WM patients. (confex.com)
The promising clinical results obtained with engineered T cells, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy, call for further advancements to facilitate and broaden their applicability. (amsterdamumc.org)
It was reported that the receptor tyrosine kinase Flt3 is required for dendritic cell development. (biolegend.com)
The stromal cell requirement for androgen-mediated effects was confirmed in vivo by experiments using chimeric animals created by bone marrow transplantation in which androgen receptor expression was restricted to either the stromal or lymphoid cells of the bone marrow. (jci.org)
OR14I1 is a receptor for the human cytomegalovirus pentameric complex and defines viral epithelial cell tropism. (umassmed.edu)
Sustained signaling through the B-cell receptor induces Mcl-1 and promotes survival of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells. (southernbiotech.com)
Receptor-tyrosine-kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) is a tumor-associated, surface protein predominantly expressed during embryogenesis, where it is involved in organ morphogenesis, nervous system development, and neural progenitor cell maintenance and survival. (peprotech.com)
Following B-cell receptor activation, 2 waves of tyrosine kinase phosphorylation occur. (medscape.com)
The B-cell receptor is formed from the noncovalent association between surface IgM or IgD and 2 transmembrane proteins, IgA and immunoglobulin B. The presence of CD22 and CD19/CD21 on the cell surface, playing the role of coreceptorlike molecules, is necessary for the activation of the receptor. (medscape.com)
The PDGFRA gene provides instructions for making a receptor protein that is found in the cell membrane of certain cell types. (medlineplus.gov)

We show here that the adult mouse liver contains Lin - Sca-1 + Mac-1 + hematopoietic stem cells derived from the fetal liver. (nih.gov)
Together with other published results, these observations blur the concept of fixed cell types and provide new insights concerning potential uses for adult stem cells. (innovations-report.com)
Finally, we show for the first time that Pf4 transcripts are present in adult HSCs and primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells. (nih.gov)
Mutations in TET2 , encoding one of the TET members responsible for the conversion of DNA cytosine methylation to hydroxymethylation (5-hmc), have been recently described in Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). (oncotarget.com)
Smart Immune announced in October 2022 that SMART102, a human T-cell progenitor cell injection derived from cord blood using the ProTcell platform, has entered clinical testing with the first adult patient treated. (smart-immune.com)

However, in the present study we have employed a sensitive reporter-based approach to demonstrate that Pf4-Cre also recombines in a significant proportion of both fetal liver and bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), including the most primitive fraction containing the long-term repopulating HSCs. (nih.gov)
Ligation of Flk-2 with Flt3 ligand regulates the growth of hematopoietic stem cells and promotes the survival of primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells with myeloid as well as B lymphoid potential. (biolegend.com)
Regulate the growth of hematopoietic stem cells and promote the survival of primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells. (biolegend.com)

The initial studies showed that patients developed immune responses as measured by Interferon-gamma expression in the peripheral blood, systemic cytokine responses, or CD8+ antigen specific T cell expansion. (wikipedia.org)
Autologous graft versus host disease (GVHD) involving the skin of a patient's arm shortly after showing signs of engraftment after an autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant for ovarian cancer. (medscape.com)
Monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) populations by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) using CD14 microbeads. (bio-protocol.org)
HSCT is the transplantation of stem cells, usually derived from the bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood, to produce additional normal healthy blood cells, including T-cells. (smart-immune.com)
For both of these groups, DNA was extracted for analysis from serum specimens and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). (cdc.gov)

Cells that were lacZhigh or lacZint were enriched for day 12 spleen colony-forming units and myeloid and erythroid colony-forming cells (CFCs). (ozgene.com)

My lab is interested in what controls the initiation of antibody gene rearrangement during B cell development. (umassmed.edu)

Human endothelial cells regulate survival and proliferation of human mast cells. (southernbiotech.com)

Although successful in utero hematopoietic cell transplantation (IUHCT) of X-linked severe combined immune deficiency (X-SCID) with enriched stem and progenitor cells was achieved more than a decade ago, it remains applied only in rare cases. (ox.ac.uk)
The cells are incubated ex vivo in the presence of a recombinant fusion protein PA2024 containing a prostate antigen, prostate acid phosphatase and GM-CSF, an immune-cell activator. (wikipedia.org)
The cells are then returned to the patient to generate an immune response. (wikipedia.org)
The production of a diverse αβ-T-cell pool is vital to establishing and maintaining a functional adaptive immune system. (frontiersin.org)
Graft-versus-host reaction occurs when donor immune cells recognize disparate host antigens. (medscape.com)
The many distinct sorts of mature blood cells, like red blood cells for carrying oxygen, white blood cells for immune protection and platelets for wound clotting. (medgadget.com)
The precise spatial and temporal impact of immune cells and their cytokines on fracture healing remains obscure. (hindawi.com)
In this paper, we review the current literature on both in vitro and in vivo studies on the role of the immune system in fracture repair, the use of MSCs in the enhancement of fracture healing, and interactions between MSCs and immune cells. (hindawi.com)
MSCs are able to evade the host cell immune system due to their low expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and complete lack MHC class II molecules and other costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD40L, CD80, and CD86) required for immune cell stimulation [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
When the body's immune system detects a developing tumor, it activates various immune cells that work together to kill the suspicious cells. (nih.gov)
Displayed on the surface of a cancer cell, PD-L1 can bind to a protein found on immune cells with the similar designation of PD-1. (nih.gov)
The binding of the two proteins keeps immune cells from killing tumor cells. (nih.gov)
One type of immunotherapy interferes with this binding process and can restore the natural ability of the immune system to kill the tumor cells. (nih.gov)
HSCs make up a very small population of the hematopoietic system, however, these cells are invaluable as they have the potential to give rise to all mature blood and immune cell types and sustain life-long blood production. (stemcell.com)
Rearming their immune system with a new compartment of fully functional T-cells would allow them to defend themselves against any threats. (smart-immune.com)
We also analyzed the tumor-infiltrating immune cells, immune-related gene expression, tumor mutation burden, and drug sensitivity of patients with HNSCC in the high- and low-risk groups. (frontiersin.org)
Studies characterising the immune response in patients with COVID-19 show that the correlates of protection in infected individuals are T-cell responses against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and neutralising titres of immunoglobin G and immunoglobin A antibodies. (cdc.gov)

Lymphoblastic leukemias/lymphomas are neoplasms of precursor T cells and B cells or lymphoblasts. (medscape.com)
however, because lymphoblastic lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are known to represent the same disease entity, the World Health Organization (WHO) classification has unified these entities as precursor B-cell and T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. (medscape.com)
Although several subtypes of T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma exist, early T-cell precursor lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP-ALL) is the only subtype recognized as an entity in the revised 2016 WHO tumor classification. (medscape.com)

Several stromal cell lines are known to support both lymphoid and myeloid cells simultaneously in mouse. (bio-protocol.org)

[ 1 ] Simonsen introduced the term graft-versus-host reaction in the 1960s to describe the direction of the immunological damage caused by introduction of immunologically competent cells into an immunocompromised host. (medscape.com)
[ 2 ] In 1966, Billingham proposed 3 conditions required for the development of GVHD, as follows: (1) the graft must contain immunologically competent cells, (2) the host must possess important transplant alloantigens that are lacking in the donor graft so that the host appears foreign to the graft, and (3) the host itself must be incapable of mounting an effective immunologic reaction against the graft. (medscape.com)

The most critical step in vaccination is the effective presentation of cancer antigens to T cells, and because of DCs are the most efficient antigen presenting cells, they are the promising option for improvement of therapeutic vaccines. (wikipedia.org)
These cytokines further activate host antigen-presenting cells (APCs). (medscape.com)

The bone marrow stroma contains mesenchymal stem cells. (medscape.com)

In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effect of the hematopoietic progenitor activator cytokine, Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3-ligand (FL) when co-administered with the rVCG-Pmp18.1 vaccine as a strategy to enhance the protective efficacy and the potential mechanism of immunomodulation. (cdc.gov)

The occurrence of an immunologically mediated and injurious set of reactions by cells genetically disparate to their host, otherwise known as graft versus host disease (GVHD), is a phenomenon that has been described as the age of bone marrow and solid organ transplantation has emerged. (medscape.com)
Although most clinicians would agree that hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation after reinduction therapy is frontline therapy for these patients, there is no consensus as to what type of hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation promises the best event-free and overall survival. (jnccn.org)
1 - 3 However, those with relapsed and/or refractory (R/R) disease have had a historically dismal OS of ≤30% despite reinduction therapy and autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation (autoHCT) ( Figure 1 ). (jnccn.org)
Other uses of the CFU assay include studying the effects of stimulatory and inhibitory growth factors, screening novel compounds to predict potential toxicity to the hematopoietic system, and testing the effects of various in vitro manipulations (e.g. cell processing, cryopreservation, gene transduction, and transmission) on cellular products used in hematopoietic cell transplantation. (stemcell.com)
What is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)? (smart-immune.com)
Treatment typically includes combination chemotherapy to achieve remission, intrathecal and systemic chemotherapy and/or corticosteroids for CNS prophylaxis, and sometimes cerebral irradiation for intracerebral leukemic infiltration, consolidation chemotherapy with or without stem cell transplantation, and maintenance chemotherapy for up to 3 years to avoid relapse. (msdmanuals.com)

cDCs can be subdivided into 3 groups: monocyte-derived DCs, CD1a- interstitial DCs, and CD1a+ Langerhans cells. (wikipedia.org)

Similarly, a HPC origin of BRAF V600E mutations in hairy cell leukemia (HCL) has been uncovered, strengthening the notion that at least a fraction of somatic mutations may occur in CD34+ HPC before the malignant transformation of some B cell neoplasms. (confex.com)
The 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphoid neoplasms incorporates genetic data, clinical features, cell morphology, and immunophenotype, all of which have important implications for disease prognosis and management. (msdmanuals.com)
[ 1 ] ETP-ALL frequently has mutations in RUNX1 and/or ETV6 in addition to genes that are more commonly associated with myeloid neoplasms and are otherwise rare in T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (such as FLT3 , IDH1/2 , TET2 , and DNMT3A mutations). (medscape.com)

This population includes Lin - CD122 + CD49a + progenitors that can generate liver ILC1s but not conventional natural killer cells. (nih.gov)
This review outlines the disparate types of stem cell therapy that have been used in this difficult-to-treat population as well as the role of maintenance and CAR T-cell therapy in conjunction with stem cell therapy. (jnccn.org)
Until recently, and due to technical limitations, for a given cell type such experiments had to be done on an ensemble of many cells and, hence, gene expression quantifi- cations represented the average over a given population. (lu.se)
Additional markers can be used to distinguish HSPC subsets within the CD34+ population and isolate HSPCs with different engraftment abilities and capacities to expand or generate mature blood cells in culture. (stemcell.com)
1 V(D)J recombination and the activity of genes of interest (using GFP as a reporter of gene expression) can be detected as intracellular fluorescence and are measured simultaneously in the same cell population, at the single cell level. (umassmed.edu)
The somatic mutation occurs initially in a single cell, which continues to grow and divide, producing a group of cells with the same mutation (a clonal population). (medlineplus.gov)

We further provide evidence for IUHCT of hematopoietic stem cells giving superior B- and T-cell reconstitution in fetal X-SCID recipients compared with neonatal and adolescent recipients. (ox.ac.uk)

C57 BL/6 bone marrow cells stained with CD45R/B220 APC+ CD11b APC and CD135 (clone A2F10) Brilliant Violet 421™ (top) or rat IgG2a, κ Brilliant Violet 421™ isotype control (bottom). (biolegend.com)
Generating mouse multipotent stromal cells (MSC) from bone-marrow cells is usefull for a wide range of applications. (bio-protocol.org)

It contains predominantly mature T lymphocytesand has a larger epithelial cell-to-lymphocyte ratio than the cor-tex. (brainkart.com)
Transient transfection of intracellular Notch1 (Notch1-IC) into a pre-B cell line resulted in the down-regulation of EBF-regulated promoters and diminished the capacity of EBF to activate these promoters in an epithelial cell line. (lu.se)

Bcl11b deficiency induces developmental arrest at the myeloid-T progenitor stage, and the arrested myeloid-T progenitors enter a self-renewal cycle. (riken.jp)
Correction: Nasopharyngeal Exposure to Streptococcus pneumoniae Induces Extended Age-Dependent Protection against Pulmonary Infection Mediated by Antibodies and CD138+ Cells. (umassmed.edu)
It also induces death of those T cells that react with self-antigen MHC and pose a danger of causing autoimmune disease. (brainkart.com)

Complete morphologic, immunologic, and genetic examination of the leukemic cells is necessary to establish the diagnosis of ALL. (medscape.com)
Malignant transformation and uncontrolled proliferation of an abnormally differentiated, long-lived hematopoietic progenitor cell results in a high circulating number of blasts, replacement of normal marrow by malignant cells, and the potential for leukemic infiltration of the central nervous system (CNS) and testes. (msdmanuals.com)

Stromal cells within the bone marrow interact directly with the B cells and secrete various cytokines that are required for the development of B cells. (brainkart.com)

2011 - 2018, ARC Stem Cells Australia program - blood theme. (edu.au)
2018. Molecular cell. (biolegend.com)
2018. Cell Rep. 25:2992. (biolegend.com)
2018. Cell stem cell. (biolegend.com)
2018. Differentially Detectable Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cells in Sputum from Treatment-Naive Subjects in Haiti and Their Proportionate Increase after Initiation of Treatment. . (cornell.edu)

Surprisingly, germline variants in SAMD9 or SAMD9L were present in 17% of primary MDS patients, and these variants were routinely lost in the tumor cells by chromosomal deletions (e.g., monosomy 7) or copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity (CN-LOH). (nature.com)
However, neither the amount of genomic 5-hmc in ATLL tumor cells nor TET2 expression has been studied yet. (oncotarget.com)

In experiments with mouse HSCs cultured on immobilized delta-like 4 proteins, the researchers found that progenitors developing toward T cells were arrested in the absence of so-called feeder cells, which support survival and growth. (riken.jp)

One potentially beneficial innovation is to exploit new T cell sources that reduce the need for autologous cell manufacturing and enable cell transfer across histocompatibility barriers. (amsterdamumc.org)

however, as members of different families, the two cells do not share a common parent. (innovations-report.com)
While varying widely in function, all blood cells share a common origin in progenitors known as hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). (riken.jp)
With just a blood sample from a patient, a promising technology has the potential to accurately diagnose non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC ), the most-common form of the disease, more than 90 percent of the time. (nih.gov)
Defects occurring at the CLP stage or those affecting processes common to B- and T-cell development result in combined immunodeficiency involving B, T, and NK cells (see Combined B-Cell and T-Cell Disorders ). (medscape.com)
All types of blood cells are derived from 1 common stem cell. (medscape.com)
The common stem cell produces 2 other stem cells, the myeloid stem cell and the lymphoid stem cell. (medscape.com)

They carry RNA and proteins (including PD-L1) throughout the body and are known to play a role in communication between cells. (nih.gov)
It has been suggested that this process relies on Notch's ability to inhibit E proteins, which are crucial for early B-cell development. (lu.se)

Anatomy44

Organisms9

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs37

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes29

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science2

Lymphocytes17

Differentiation22

Multipotent progenitors3

Differentiate10

Lineages7

Innate7

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells2

Tissue11

Lymphopoiesis4

Thymus17

Lineage11

Acute myelogen1

Tissues9

Immunology1

Thymic4

Macrophages8

Mice9

Receptors3

Organs2

Dendritic cells5

Myeloid progenitor2

Allogeneic6

Murine2

Precursors8

Differentiates2

Receptor10

Adult5

Primitive3

Peripheral blood5

Erythroid1

Gene Rearrangement1

Endothelial1

Immune17

Precursor3

Stromal cell lines1

Immunologically competent cells2

Antigen prese2

Mesenchymal Stem1

Cytokine1

Transplantation6

Monocyte-derived1

Neoplasms3

Population6

Fetal1

Bone Marro2

Epithelial cell2

Induces3

Leukemic2

Cytokines1

20185

Tumor cells2

HSCs1

Autologous1

Common6

Proteins2