• NFAT3 downregulation in Jurkat cells using RNA interference technology augmented IL-2 expression, whereas a knockdown of NFAT1, NFAT2, and NFAT4 suppressed it. (aai.org)
  • Furthermore, translocation of immune cells from one anatomical compartment to another, i.e., the gut-lung axis via the lymphatics or blood has been identified as an important factor in perpetrating systemic inflammation, tissue destruction, as well as modulating host-protective immune responses. (frontiersin.org)
  • Remarkably, Clec4a4+ eosinophils were instructed by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand-activated transcription factor that imprints many gut immune cells. (stanford.edu)
  • Selective AHR deletion in eosinophils depleted Clec4a4+ eosinophils, augmented innate lymphocytes producing type 2 cytokines, and enhanced helminth clearance. (stanford.edu)
  • Correspondingly, differentiation was associated with decreased expression of the mitochondrial citrate transporter (CIC). (biomed.news)
  • Here, we characterized the whole-genome distribution of methyl-CpG and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in mouse innate lymphoid cell 3 (ILC3), ILC2 and natural killer (NK) cells. (stanford.edu)
  • An important factor that contributes to this pro-resolving reprogramming is the cargo that is released from apoptotic cells after their engulfment and phagolysosomal digestion by macrophages. (biomed.news)
  • In human CD4 + T cells, overexpression of NFAT1 and NFAT3 enhanced and suppressed IL-2 expression, respectively. (aai.org)
  • Downregulation of NFAT3 expression in T cells is mediated by lower chromatin accessibility and enhancer activity in its promoter in comparison with aortic smooth muscle cells expressing endogenous NFAT3. (aai.org)
  • The binding sites of T-box transcription factor TBX5 and NK-2 transcription factor-related locus 5 Nkx2.5, which were expressed at higher levels in aortic smooth muscle cells than in T cells, were located within the −387 to +97 NFAT3 promoter region, exhibiting the maximum enhancer activity. (aai.org)
  • Introduction of TBX5 into CD4 + T cells enhanced the expression of NFAT3 and suppressed that of IL-2. (aai.org)
  • Individuals with lymphoid-associated mCAs had a significantly higher white blood cell count and faster clonal expansion rate. (bvsalud.org)
  • Non-lymphoid cells (eg, dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages, endothelial cells, pericytes, fibroblasts, and follicular dendritic cells) contribute to the formation of these distinct microenvironments, within which specific cell-cell interactions occur that are required for the generation of cellular and humoral immune responses [ 2 ]. (medilib.ir)
  • Using mice lacking TSLP receptor expression by dendritic cells (DCs), we hereby show that TSLP receptor signaling in DCs is required for this Treg expansion in vivo. (bvsalud.org)
  • Concurrently, Saenz described a similar population of multi-potent progenitor type 2 (MPP type2) cells but unlike other populations, MPP type 2 cells exhibited progenitor capacity and could differentiate to myeloid and lymphoid lineage descendants. (medscape.com)
  • It is generally agreed that HSCs first give rise to multipotent progenitors (MPPs), a subset of which retain the capacity to produce either myeloid or lymphoid cells [ 10,11 ]. (medilib.ir)
  • ILC2s were described in fat associated lymphoid clusters (FALC), mesenteric lymph nodes (mLN), intestine and gut associated lymphoid tissues (GALT), liver and spleen. (medscape.com)
  • Secondary lymphoid tissues include lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, and the aggregations of lymphoid tissue located in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. (medilib.ir)
  • Topical MC903 treatment of ear skin selectively increased the number of migratory DCs in skin-draining lymph nodes (LNs) and upregulated their expression of co-stimulatory molecules. (bvsalud.org)
  • observed that primary tumor-derived Th17 clones had marked expression of the Th17 lineage-specific transcription factors, RORγt and IRF-4, but minimally expressed T-bet, GATA3 and FOXP3, which are critical for Th1, Th2 and Treg development, respectively. (alksignals.com)
  • This insight serves as the organizing theme for the current World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Lymphoid Malignancies [ 1 ], which sorts lymphoid tumors according to their apparent cell of origin. (medilib.ir)
  • COX-2 MEC KO tumors showed decreased expression ofKi67, a proliferation marker, as well as reduced VEGFA, its receptor VEGFR2,endothelial NOS and the vascular endothelial marker CD31, indicating reduced tumorvascularization. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Enhanced immune surveillancein COX-2 MEC KO tumors was coincident with increased intratumoral CXCL9,a T cell chemoattractant, and decreased expression of T lymphocyte co-inhibitoryreceptors CTLA4 and PD-1, as well as PD-L1, the ligand for PD-1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • NORMAL LYMPHOID TISSUES - Lymphoid tissues are subdivided into primary and secondary lymphoid organs. (medilib.ir)
  • The primary lymphoid tissues responsible for the initial generation of B and T lymphocytes are the bone marrow and thymus, respectively. (medilib.ir)
  • Adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ that secretes various humoral factors (adipokines), and its shift to production of proinflammatory cytokines in obesity likely contributes to the low-level systemic inflammation that may be present in metabolic syndrome-associated chronic pathologies such as atherosclerosis. (hindawi.com)
  • 8. STAT1-independent down-regulation of interferon-gamma-induced class II transactivator and HLA-DR expression by transforming growth factor beta-1 in human glomerular endothelial cells. (nih.gov)
  • 6. Multiparametric flow cytometric analysis of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 phosphorylation in immune cell subsets in vitro and following interleukin-2 immunotherapy. (nih.gov)
  • 12. The expression of C-jun and junB mRNA in renal cell cancer and in vitro regulation by transforming growth factor beta 1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha 1. (nih.gov)
  • Current models are based on studies of genetically engineered mice, in vitro culture systems that support lymphoid development, and rare patients with genetic forms of immunodeficiency. (medilib.ir)
  • 4. Reduction of transforming growth factor-beta type II receptor is caused by the enhanced ubiquitin-dependent degradation in human renal cell carcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • 5. Acquisition of TGF-beta 1 resistance: an important progression factor in human renal cell carcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process characterized by decreased expression of epithelial genes and increased expression of mesenchymal genes, plays a critical role in tumor invasion, metastasis and recurrence. (oncotarget.com)
  • However, upon further TCR stimulation and expansion, the expression levels of RORγt and IRF-4 in these Th17 clones were dramatically diminished. (alksignals.com)
  • In contrast, the expression of T-bet and FOXP3 in the expanded Th17 clones Seliciclib datasheet significantly increased with stimulation and expansion. (alksignals.com)
  • 17. Transforming growth factor-β1 enhances proliferative and metastatic potential by up-regulating lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1/integrin αMβ2 in human renal cell carcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • Restoring expression of tumor suppressive miRNAs and inhibiting oncogenic miRNAs represent potential therapeutic opportunities to prevent disease metastasis and recurrence. (oncotarget.com)
  • 20. Involvement of transforming growth factor beta 1 in the transcriptional regulation of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • The ratio of T h markersTbet (T h 1) to GATA3 (T h 2) was higher, and levels of Retnla,a M2 macrophage marker, lower, in COX-2 MEC KO tumor infiltratingleukocytes compared to WT, suggesting a prevalence of pro-immune T h 1over immune suppressive T h 2 lymphocytes, and reduced macrophagepolarization to the immune suppressive M2 phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)