• Potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, member 4, also known as KCNN4, is a human gene encoding the KCa3.1 protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • This gene is similar to other KCNN family potassium channel genes, but it differs enough to possibly be considered as part of a new subfamily. (wikipedia.org)
  • The KCa3.1 protein is part of a potentially heterotetrameric voltage-independent potassium channel that is activated by intracellular calcium. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction is initiated by calcium release from intracellular stores, there is considerable evidence that the control of membrane potential by potassium channels is an important factor in regulating ASM constriction. (americanasthmafoundation.org)
  • Unexpected down-regulation of the hIK1 Ca2+-activated K+ channel by its opener 1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone in HaCaT keratinocytes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The channel is also named Gardos channel because of its discoverer. (wikipedia.org)
  • The encoded protein may be part of the predominant calcium-activated potassium channel in T-lymphocytes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since peripheral resistance arteries play a key role in blood pressure regulation, we aimed to determine here the specific Ca2+ signaling mechanisms linked to the ET receptor-mediated vasoconstriction in resistance arteries and their selective regulation by protein kinase C (PKC), Rho kinase (RhoK), the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). (bvsalud.org)
  • Previously, we had shown that the BK channel accessory beta1 subunit is required for BK channel function in vascular smooth muscle and bladder smooth muscle. (americanasthmafoundation.org)
  • Knockout of the beta1 subunit results in BK channels that fail to open, increased calcium influx and increased tone. (americanasthmafoundation.org)
  • Vasoconstriction induced by ET-1 was largely dependent on activation of canonical transient receptor potential channel 3 (TRPC3) and extracellular Ca2+ influx through nifedipine-sensitive voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. (bvsalud.org)
  • We showed previously that cytoplasmic release of mtDNA activates the cGAS STING TBK1 pathway resulting in interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression that promotes antiviral immunity4. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Here, we find that persistent mtDNA stress is not associated with basally activated NF-κB signalling or interferon gene expression typical of an acute antiviral response. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Instead, a specific subset of ISGs that includes Parp9 remains activated by the unphosphorylated form of ISGF3 that enhances nDNA damage and repair responses. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • ML277 provides insights and a tool to investigate the gating mechanism of KCNQ1 channels, and our study reveals a new strategy for treating long QT syndrome by specifically enhancing the AO state of native I Ks currents. (elifesciences.org)
  • ITCH Phosphorylation p39 loss-of-function MAP2K1( visually activated as MEK1) is a single proneurotrophin and size concept binding that is and appears MAPK3( ERK1)( Ohren et al. (evakoch.com)
  • Inhibition of experimental autoimmune neuritis by an antibody to the lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1. (2medicalcare.com)
  • Phosphorylated NICD1 activates shown by the E3 density lumen active which is ciliary, signaling to integrase of NICD1 and ketone of NOTCH1 including. (evakoch.com)
  • The S2 thesis is introduced by an ADAM activity activated TACE( TNF glutamine signaling blood). (evakoch.com)
  • Potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, member 4, also known as KCNN4, is a human gene encoding the KCa3.1 protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • SK channels are likely encoded by three genes, Kcnn1-3, whereas IK and most BK channels are most likely products of the Kcnn4 and Slo (Kcnma1) genes, respectively. (nih.gov)
  • To test the physiological roles of channels encoded by the Kcnn4 gene, we constructed a mouse deficient in its expression. (nih.gov)
  • Kcnn4 null mice were of normal appearance and fertility, their parotid acinar cells expressed no IK channels, and their red blood cells lost K(+) permeability. (nih.gov)
  • The KCa3.1 protein is part of a potentially heterotetrameric voltage-independent potassium channel that is activated by intracellular calcium. (wikipedia.org)
  • Forms a voltage-independent potassium channel that is activated by intracellular calcium (PubMed:26148990). (nih.gov)
  • Despite its name this analogue is not selective, but activates cGMP-dependent protein kinase as well! (biolog.de)
  • A class of drugs that act by selective inhibition of calcium influx through cellular membranes. (lookformedical.com)
  • Therefore, tissue-selective calcium agonists have the potential to combat cardiac failure and endocrinological disorders. (lookformedical.com)
  • Gating is thought to involve conformational changes of the ion channel which alters selective permeability. (lookformedical.com)
  • 8. Novel phenolic inhibitors of small/intermediate-conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels, KCa3.1 and KCa2.3. (nih.gov)
  • RESULTS: Mesenteric arteries subjected to acute S1P stimulation displayed a dose-dependent vasodilation response, which was attenuated by blocking endothelial KCa2.3 or KCa3.1 channels. (bvsalud.org)
  • Further, chronic S1P stimulation enhanced expression of KCa2.3 and KCa3.1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells in dose- and time-dependent manners, which was abolished by disrupting either S1PR1-Ca2+ signaling or downstream Ca2+-activated calcineurin/NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cells) signaling. (bvsalud.org)
  • By combination of bioinformatics-based binding site prediction and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, we revealed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells that chronic activation of S1P/S1PR1 promoted NFATc2 nuclear translocation and binding to promoter regions of KCa2.3 and KCa3.1 genes thus to upregulate transcription of these channels. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence for the mechanistic role of KCa2.3/KCa3.1-activated endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization in vasodilation and blood pressure homeostasis in response to S1P. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2. Pharmacological targeting of the mitochondrial calcium-dependent potassium channel KCa3.1 triggers cell death and reduces tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. (nih.gov)
  • 13. KCa3.1 Channels and Glioblastoma: In Vitro Studies. (nih.gov)
  • 14. Inhibition of KCa3.1 by depolarisation and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) during Ca²⁺ release activated Ca²⁺ (CRAC) entry in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells: Implications for the interpretation of 2-APB inhibition of CRAC entry. (nih.gov)
  • 17. Intermediate-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel KCa3.1 and chloride channel modulate chemokine ligand (CCL19/CCL21)-induced migration of dendritic cells. (nih.gov)
  • 18. The Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel KCa3.1 compartmentalizes in the immunological synapse of human T lymphocytes. (nih.gov)
  • 19. The calcium-activated potassium channel KCa3.1 plays a central role in the chemotactic response of mammalian neutrophils. (nih.gov)
  • 20. Functional KCa3.1 channels regulate steroid insensitivity in bronchial smooth muscle cells. (nih.gov)
  • We studied the role of intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa3.1) channels in the palmitic acid (PA)-induced migration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from T2DM patients and the influence of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). (bvsalud.org)
  • PA at 100 µM stimulated migration of PBMCs from T2DM individuals, which was inhibited by the specific KCa3.1 channel blocker TRAM-34 (1 µM). (bvsalud.org)
  • The PBMC migration was positively correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin A1 chain (HbA1c) level of T2DM patients, an indicator of AGEs, and PBMCs with higher level of HbA1c showed upregulated expression of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2/4 and KCa3.1 channels. (bvsalud.org)
  • In conclusion, in PBMCs of T2DM patients, AGEs promotes PA-induced migration via upregulation of TLR2/4 and KCa3.1 channels. (bvsalud.org)
  • Glibenclamide (GBM) (antidiabetic drug) and ATP act as inhibitors of this channel, while ADP activates it. (bvsalud.org)
  • IK channels likely underlie the K(+) permeability in red blood cells that is associated with water loss, which is a contributing factor in the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease. (nih.gov)
  • 7. Calcium-dependent potassium channels control proliferation of cardiac progenitor cells and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. (nih.gov)
  • Potassium (K + ) channels have an important role in HCC, including regulating the proliferation, migration, invasion and drug resistance of HCC cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The aberrant expression and function of ion channels leads to impairment of these processes, allowing normal cells to transform into malignant derivatives that exhibit uncontrolled proliferation and spread, which are hallmarks of cancer ( 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Previous studies have confirmed that ion channels fulfill an important role in the development and progression of cancer, including the infinite proliferation of cells and their invasion and metastasis ( 14 - 16 ), and ion channels have been approved as effective drug targets for cancer therapy ( 17 , 18 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This gene is similar to other KCNN family potassium channel genes, but it differs enough to possibly be considered as part of a new subfamily. (wikipedia.org)
  • The results of the dynamic structural analysis using bioinformatics tools indicate that these regions participate actively in the conformational changes that lead to the closure (inhibition) or opening (activation) of this channel. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSION: the study of the dynamics of activation and inhibition of the KATP channels is essential for the evaluation, discovery and/or design of new natural compounds, which like GBM, can promote insulin secretion to aid or improve the treatment of diabetic patients. (bvsalud.org)
  • We showed that activation of cardiac Hippo pathway mediates mitochondrial dysfunction and that stimulation of ß-adrenoceptors (ßAR) activates Hippo pathway. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cervical vertebrae 1,2, …?Ca: Calcium?Ca: Cancer?Ca: Carcinoma?Ca: Cardiac arrest?Ca: Coronary artery?CA-125: A tumor marker for ovarian cancer?CAB: Cellulose acetate butyrate?CABG: Coronary artery bypass graft?CACI: Computer-Assisted Continuous Infusion?CAD: Coronary artery disease?CAG: ?CAH: Chronic active hepatitis?CAH: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia?calid. (kuwaitpharmacy.com)
  • INTRODUCTION: the ATP-sensitive Potassium channel (KATP channel) regulates insulin production by pancreatic ß cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Three broad classes of Ca(2+)-activated potassium channels are defined by their respective single channel conductances, i.e. the small, intermediate, and large conductance channels, often termed the SK, IK, and BK channels, respectively. (nih.gov)
  • Pancreatic K(Ca)3.1 channels in health and disease. (nih.gov)
  • OBJECTIVE: to determine the structural dynamics between the open and closed conformations of the KATP channel in pancreatic cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • METHOD: comparative structural analysis of different crystallographic structures of the KATP channel of human pancreatic cells using Chimera v1.11.2. (bvsalud.org)
  • IK channels are prominently expressed in cells of the hematopoietic system and in organs involved in salt and fluid transport, including the colon, lung, and salivary glands. (nih.gov)
  • Up-regulation of the IKCa1 potassium channel during T-cell activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • IK channels are also involved in the activation of T lymphocytes. (nih.gov)
  • Downregulation of IL-8 and IL-10 by the Activation of Ca(2+)-Activated K(+) Channel K(Ca)3.1 in THP-1-Derived M(2) Macrophages. (nih.gov)
  • The alpha-1 subunit is the binding site for calcium-based antagonists. (lookformedical.com)
  • Part of this toxic response may be due to its ability to block K+ channels causing, among other effects, convulsions or seizures. (nih.gov)
  • ITCH Phosphorylation p39 loss-of-function MAP2K1( visually activated as MEK1) is a single proneurotrophin and size concept binding that is and appears MAPK3( ERK1)( Ohren et al. (evakoch.com)
  • The KATP channel is an octamer consisting of 4 central Kir6.2 subunits that form the pore and 4 external regulation subunits SUR1. (bvsalud.org)
  • The fluid-secreting acinar cells of the parotid gland express both IK and BK channels, raising questions about their particular respective roles. (nih.gov)
  • CALCIUM CHANNELS located within the PURKINJE CELLS of the cerebellum. (lookformedical.com)
  • Using flow cytometry and Western blotting analysis as well as cell migration assay, we found that there was a significant decrease in frequency of T lymphocytes and monocytes in CD45+ leukocyte population. (bvsalud.org)
  • however, more systematic studies are required to determine which K + channels may be utilized for the clinical treatment of HCC, particularly in the advanced stages of the disease and in cases where patients are resistant to the existing drugs. (spandidos-publications.com)