Lymphocytes and macrophages and phagocytosis. Medical search. Frequent questions

To test this hypothesis, we investigated the effects of DEP exposure on the functions of alveolar macrophages (AMs) and lymphocytes from lung-draining lymph nodes using a rat Listeria monocytogenes infection model. (cdc.gov)
Histone adsorption on the surface of carbon particles significantly stimulates their ingestion by rat peritoneal macrophages, hamster kidney fibroblasts, and mouse L-cells [ 861 ], and the adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their nonpolar metabolites on the surface of carbon particles ingested by rat alveolar macrophages has been studied [ 862 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
Once inhaled by the host, the fungus interacts with alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells present in the lungs, where it can form a pulmonary focus or spread through the blood and lymphatic vessels [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Small amounts of inhaled conidia are quickly phagocytosed and degraded by alveolar macrophages [2] , [3] . (cdc.gov)
however, we measured no change in T lymphocyte proliferation or in the percentage of alveolar macrophages expressing HLA-DP. (cdc.gov)

In multicellular organisms, and more particularly in animals with a well-developed immune system, phagocytosis is mostly performed by specialized, professional phagocytes: macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), and neutrophils. (frontiersin.org)
The five types of leukocytes from most to least common are neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes which turn into macrophages when they enter tissues, eosinophils and basophils. (pearson.com)
PnV (100 µg/Kg) was administrated every 48 h (i.p.) for 14 days and several endpoints were evaluated: tumor growth and metabolism (by microPET/CT, using 18 F-FDG), tumor weight and volume, histopathology, blood analysis, percentage and profile of macrophages, neutrophils and NK cells isolated from the spleen (by flow cytometry) and the presence of macrophages (Iba-1 positive) within/surrounding the tumor. (nature.com)
Microscope images confirmed that neutrophils appeared to have an important role in leishmania elimination through phagocytosis of amastigotes in the later stages of the disease process. (who.int)
Leukocytes found in the colostrum, such as macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes can also be absorbed whole in these early stages and they have been shown to have a protective effect as well. (octagon-services.co.uk)

A previous study demonstrated that the activation of CD4+ T cells (Th1) by influenza vaccination leads to the secretion of Th1-type cytokines (e.g., interferon-γ) ( 10 ), which activates macrophage phagocytosis and may subsequently kill intracellular M. tuberculosis . (cdc.gov)
The activation of macrophages leads to the production of T helper 1 (Th1) inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α , interleukin- (IL-) 1 β , IL-6, and IL-12, whereas limited activation develops into a Th2 response (IL-4 secretion) [ 11 - 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
It is also known that an effective response against Pb depends on both TCD4 and TCD8 lymphocyte activation in the presence of ideal concentrations of Th1 inflammatory cytokines [ 12 - 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
The immune enhancing actions of vitamin D include induction of monocyte differentiation, inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation, stimulation of phagocytosis dependent and antibody-dependent macrophages, and modulation of T and B lymphocytes that produce cytokines and antibodies [ 5 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Macrophages produce proteolytic enzymes and cytokines, which in turn kill bacteria, such as secreting Interleukin-12 (IL-12). (scialert.net)
Spleen and in vitro PnV-activated macrophages were different of M1, since they did not produce pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. (nature.com)
the presence of HDAC7 blocked the induction of key genes for macrophage function, such as immune, inflammatory, and defense response, cellular response to infections, positive regulation of cytokines production, and phagocytosis. (eur.nl)
Moreover, re-introduction of HDAC7 suppressed crucial functions of macrophages, such as the ability to phagocytose bacteria and to respond to endotoxin by expressing major pro-inflammatory cytokines. (eur.nl)
Splenic NK cytotoxic, T lymphocyte proliferation and antibody generation cells, as well as the phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages, ear swelling, and serum contents of IgG, IgM, hemolysin and cytokines were measured. (go.jp)
T lymphocytes assist in the activation of the B lymphocytes through certain substances called cytokines. (respect-health.com)

We also found that DAEB significantly stimulated lymphocyte proliferation, especially Concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and augmented phagocytosis and secretion of NO and TNF-alpha in peritoneal macrophages. (google.com)
After 4 weeks of treatment, the phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages was enhanced in 157.4 mg/kg and 352.9 mg/kg groups. (go.jp)

Promotes the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and of T-lymphocytes. (abbkine.com)
We hypothesized that, in CBD, failure of IL-10 to modulate the beryllium-specific, cell-mediated immune response would result in persistent, maximal cytokine production and T lymphocyte proliferation, thus contributing to the development of granulomatous lung disease. (cdc.gov)
bronchoalveolar lavage cells from control and CBD subjects to evaluate the beryllium salt-specific production of endogenous IL-10 and the effects of exogenous human rIL-10 (rhIL-10) on HLA expression, on the production of IL-2, IFN- , and TNF- , and on T lymphocyte proliferation. (cdc.gov)
exogenous rhIL-10 has a limited effect on cytokine production and no effect on T lymphocyte proliferation or HLA expression. (cdc.gov)
CMIR)3 and, in the presence of persistent Ag, in the stricted, beryllium salt-specific T lymphocyte proliferation (1-3). (cdc.gov)

In addition, diabetic mice presented a reduced influx of TCD4+ cells, TCD8+ cells, B lymphocytes, NK cells, and dendritic cells compared to control infected groups. (hindawi.com)
Insulin treatment restored the leukocyte number in PeLF and restored the presence of B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and NK cells in lungs of diabetic animals. (hindawi.com)
The data suggest that diabetic mice present impaired immunological response to Pb18 infection and insulin modulates inflammation by reducing IL-6 levels in lung and CINC-1 levels in spleen and liver homogenates, restoring leukocyte concentrations in PeLF and also restoring populations of dendritic cells and B lymphocytes in lungs of diabetic mice, permitting the host to better control the infection. (hindawi.com)
Lipopeptides act as immunomodulators by interacting with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), expressed on antigen-presenting cells (macrophages and dendritic cells) to activate immune functions [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

CD64 is the high affinity receptor for IgG and is involved in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), phagocytosis, and regulation of cytokine production. (cytekbio.com)
Our data demonstrate that beryllium-stimulated bronchoalveolar lavage cells produce IL-10, and the neutralization of endogenous IL-10 does not increase significantly cytokine production, HLA expression, or T lymphocyte pro- liferation. (cdc.gov)

Particularly, yolk sac-derived macrophages including microglia may possibly have different tasks since they are confronted with different target structures, mainly apoptotic cells during developmental tissue remodeling, while bone marrow-derived macrophages have a higher chance to be confronted with pathogens, mainly during defense against invading microbes. (frontiersin.org)
Preventing DM patients from becoming infected with TB can be done by an optimal innate immune system mechanism from the host through an effective phagocytosis process from phagocytic cells such as macrophages in the early invasion of microorganisms against Mtb bacteria 5 , 6 Macrophages are professional phagocytes responsible for destroying cells infected with intracellular pathogens and targets for Mtb bacteria 4 , 5 , 7 . (scialert.net)
Lymphoid organs and tissues are the sites where lymphocytes are produced, reside, and come in contact with pathogens. (pearson.com)
They are the most common leukocytes and use a process called phagocytosis to engulf and destroy pathogens. (pearson.com)
Phagocytes are white blood cells (leukocytes) that engulf pathogens by phagocytosis. (cliffsnotes.com)

Phagocytosis has been traditionally studied in pathological conditions, leading to the assumption that microglia have to be activated in order to become efficient phagocytes. (frontiersin.org)

Cryostat sections of atherosclerotic plaques were immunohistochemically stained with monoclonal antibodies: anti-CD68 (macrophages), anti-5G4 (CRP), aE11 (MAC), and 12E7 (oxLDL). (bmj.com)
B lymphocytes have special receptors: antibodies. (respect-health.com)
It increases the activity of NK cells and the production of lymphocytes and antibodies. (respect-health.com)
Plasma cells are short-lived cells that differentiate from B lymphocytes and are specialized for the abundant secretion of specific antibodies (immunoglobulins). (mhmedical.com)

Activation of helper T cells also drives their secretion of tumor necrosis factor α, which attracts additional macrophages and lymphocytes and promotes granuloma formation to control the spread of M. tuberculosis ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
DEPs suppressed phagocytosis and Listeria-induced basal secretion of interleukin-1ss (IL-1ss) and IL-12 by AMs in a dose-dependent manner. (cdc.gov)
These results suggest that DEPs retard bacterial clearance by inhibiting AM phagocytosis and weaken the innate immunity by inhibiting AM secretion of IL-1ss and TNF-alpha. (cdc.gov)
IL-12 has a role in inducing T helper-1 lymphocyte and IFN-g secretion from T helper-1 and natural killer cells 4 , 8 Improving the function of macrophage phagocytic activity with immunomodulatory substances is one of the efforts to prevent DM patients from being easily infected with TB 9 . (scialert.net)

Cell biology of phagocytosis has been mainly established on bone marrow-derived tissue macrophages. (frontiersin.org)
In this review we directly extrapolate basic phagocytic mechanisms from bone marrow-derived tissue macrophages to the less-known processes of microglia, but would like to point out that these assumed similarities might not fully hold true to the yolk sac-derived microglia. (frontiersin.org)
The interaction of macrophages with anti-immunoglobulin IgG-coated bone marrow-derived lymphocytes. (silverchair.com)

To investigate the simultaneous presence of macrophages, CRP, membrane attack complex C5b-9 (MAC), and oxidised low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in atherectomy specimens from patients with different coronary syndromes. (bmj.com)

Overall, phagocytosis is considered a beneficial phenomenon, since it eliminates dead cells and induces an anti-inflammatory response. (frontiersin.org)
Serum from patients with systemic vasculitis induces alternatively activated macrophage M2c polarization. (lu.se)

The role of PGI2 as a immunomodulatory agent is highlighted by its ability to inhibit leukocyte and lymphocyte adhesion to endothelium. (fapesp.br)
matory response, IL-10 has been shown to inhibit macrophage and Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) provides a human disorder in T lymphocyte cytokine synthesis and MHC class II and B7 ex- which to study the delayed type hypersensitivity response to persistent pression. (cdc.gov)

Together with inflammation, phagocytosis composes the first line of defense against multicellular organisms by the innate immune system. (frontiersin.org)
So this meeting will examine emerging data relating to macrophage interactions with the immune system during HIV infection, macrophage reservoirs and approaches to their elimination, and the involvement of CNS myeloid reservoirs and associated comorbidities. (nih.gov)
So on day one, Session 1 will focus on macrophages and the immune system during HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infection, Session 2 will focus on challenges to study HIV/SIV reservoirs, and Session 3 will really have the highlights from recent awardees of the NIMH/NINDS/NIDA Myeloid Reservoir RFA. (nih.gov)

This plant is expected to have the potential as an immunomodulator in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), which can prevent tuberculosis infection by increasing the phagocytic function of macrophage cells and interleukin-12 (IL-12) levels. (scialert.net)
Furthermore, the phagocytic activity of macrophage cells can be seen with a microscope and the levels of IL-12 with the Elisa kit. (scialert.net)
Monocytes enlarge into large phagocytic cells called macrophages. (cliffsnotes.com)

CD64 play a role in phagocytosis, and dependent cellular cytotoxicity ( ADCC). (researchatlanta.org)

This aggravated bacterial infection was consistent with the inhibitory effect of DEPs on macrophage functions. (cdc.gov)
The CB subunit induce an inhibitory effect on spreading and phagocytosis in macrophages and decreased the number of circulating blood and lymph lymphocytes. (fapesp.br)

Phagocytosis is a term coined from the Greek to describe the receptor-mediated engulfment and degradation of dead cells and microbes. (frontiersin.org)
Phagocytosis of invading microorganisms by immune cells was first discovered by the father of cellular immunology Ilya Metchnikoff in 1882, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize. (frontiersin.org)
[ 3 ] Otherwise, patients are immunocompetent in every regard except for the ineffective phagocytosis of the organism by the Mikulicz cells. (medscape.com)
India ink is often used as a phagocytosis labeling agent or a cell differentiation tracer because CB is easily administered, is relatively nontoxic, and is easily observed in cells that have taken it up. (nanomedicine.com)
THP-1 cells can also restore the response of purified T lymphocytes to Concanavlin A, show increased CO 2 production on phagocytosis and can be differentiated into macrophage-like cells using for example DMSO. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Lymphocyte - These cells have a rounded nucleus, no prominent granules, and are smaller than monocytes. (pearson.com)
Natural killer cells (NK cells) are lymphocytes (white blood cells that mature in lymphoid tissues). (cliffsnotes.com)
Certain IFNs (such as gamma‐IFN) also amplify the activity of macrophages and NK cells. (cliffsnotes.com)
We report that the histone deacetylase HDAC7 was highly expressed in pre-B cells but dramatically down-regulated during cellular lineage conversion to macrophages. (eur.nl)
We found that HDAC7 specifically interacted with the transcription factor MEF2C in pre-B cells and was recruited to MEF2 binding sites located at the promoters of genes critical for macrophage function. (eur.nl)
The major cell types within the interfacial granulomatous fibrous tissues consist of fibroblasts, macrophages, lymphocytes, and foreign-body giant cells. (stanford.edu)
T cells and macrophages play a major role in the rejection of xenografted islets. (unige.ch)
Helper function of T cells depleted of alloantigen-reactive lymphocytes by filtration through irradiated F1 hybrid recipients. (silverchair.com)
Here, the main white blood cells are B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes and natural killer cells (NK cells). (respect-health.com)
Although CD4 T cells are the main targets of HIV infection, macrophages also become infected and resist the cytopathic effects of infection, contributing potentially to HIV reservoir persistence. (nih.gov)
they function in ECM turnover, phagocytosis of dead cells and debris, and antigen presentation to lymphocytes. (mhmedical.com)
Besides macrophages and plasma cells, other leukocytes normally wander through all types of connective tissue proper, providing surveillance against bacterial invaders and stimulating tissue repair. (mhmedical.com)
How do C-type lectins tailor adaptive immunity following phagocytosis of apoptotic cells? (nature.com)
Documented acupuncture effects on immunological responses include increase in white blood cell counts, especially T cells (9, 10, 11) and attraction by chemotaxis of these cells to the punctured area, again, causing T cells to react to the presented motifs on the macrophages. (med-vetacupuncture.org)
Macrophages are white blood cells that fight cancer cells, microbes, and debris. (mytollovid.com)

CD64 is expressed on monocytes and macrophages but not on lymphocytes or resting granulocytes. (researchatlanta.org)
Monocytes and macrophages express CD64, while mature granulocytes and lymphocytes are negative. (cytekbio.com)

PnV increased the number of macrophages in the tumor, while did not increase in the spleen, suggesting that PnV-activated macrophages were led preferentially to the tumor. (nature.com)

The meeting will also highlight recent work on macrophage inflammation in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection and work from recently-funded NIMH, NIDA, and NINDS investigators. (nih.gov)
A panel will discuss research gaps and priorities related to human macrophage reservoirs and inflammation/comorbidities and treatment strategies for HIV remission and cure. (nih.gov)

1961: Electron microscopy (EM) studies by Yardley et al provided more evidence for an infectious cause of Whipple disease by finding bacillary bodies within membrane-bound vesicles in the cytoplasm of macrophages. (medscape.com)

Cat's claw has also been shown to increase the production of leukocytes and specifically T4 lymphocytes, thus blocking the advance of many viral illnesses. (brainchildnutritionals.com)

In this context, M. tuberculosis -induced T-cell-mediated immunity activates macrophage phagocytosis and kills intracellular M. tuberculosis ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)

Interactions between Leishmania major and macrophages. (ox.ac.uk)

He identified periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-staining granules, most likely representing degenerating bacterial forms, within macrophages isolated from the small bowel as well as other tissue and fluid specimens (eg, pericardium, endocardium, lymph nodes, synovia, lung, brain, meninges) obtained from patients in whom Whipple disease was suspected. (medscape.com)
The presence of PAS-positive granules containing macrophages is not pathognomonic. (medscape.com)
Intestinal lamina propria of AIDS patients with concomitant Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) infection may be packed with PAS-positive granules containing macrophages, but the intracellular bacilli are acid fast. (medscape.com)

However, phagocytosis can also activate the respiratory burst, which produces toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). (frontiersin.org)

The venom was effective at impairing tumor development in murine xenogeneic model, activating the innate immune response and increasing tumor infiltrating macrophages. (nature.com)
These activated PnV-macrophages have potential to fight the tumor without promoting tumorigenesis. (nature.com)
activated PnV-macrophages have a profile different of M1 and have a potential to fight the tumor without promote tumorigenesis. (nature.com)

Common mechanisms of recognition, engulfment, and degradation of the different types of cargo are assumed, but very little is known about the shared and specific molecules involved in the phagocytosis of each target by microglia. (frontiersin.org)
Two decades later, pioneering studies suggested that lectin-like molecules constitutively expressed on the surface of macrophages can selectively recognize changes on glycans decorating the surface of apoptotic thymocytes, 4 , 5 although these studies likewise did not provide substantial insight into the mechanisms by which lectin-glycan interactions regulate cell death. (nature.com)
After phagocytosis, the macrophages return molecules of the ingested substances to their surface. (med-vetacupuncture.org)
These molecules (motifs) are bound to membrane-related Major Histocompatibilty Complexes (MHC's) on the macrophages. (med-vetacupuncture.org)

To date the phenomenon of osteoblast phagocytosis of titanium particles has been suggested, but has not been sufficiently studied or confirmed. (stanford.edu)

Survival of the fungus inside the host's macrophages is essential for successful infection and depends on several features: the strain of the fungus, its responsiveness to external factors such as temperature changes and oxidative stress, and the efficiency of the host's immunological response [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
In-situ macrophages phagocytise the minute quantities of injected ingredients in amounts too small to produce a complete immunological reaction. (med-vetacupuncture.org)

Nearby na ve and undifferentiated lymphocytes (Th0) recognize the motifs, remove them from the macrophage, and bind them to their own receptors. (med-vetacupuncture.org)

8) It also increased macrophage activity by 29% in nondiabetic rats. (mytollovid.com)
2008). Soy lecithin supplementation alters macrophage phagocytosis and lymphocyte response to concanavalin A: a study in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. (mytollovid.com)

Mucopolysaccharides in the bacterial capsule probably contribute to the inhibition of phagocytosis. (medscape.com)

The hallmark of the pathologic report was the marked infiltration by foamy macrophages of joints and aortic valves, and prominent deposits of fat within intestinal mucosa and mesenteric lymph nodes, which made Whipple consider this case an obscure disease of fat metabolism and propose the name intestinal lipodystrophy. (medscape.com)

The effect of venom was also evaluated on macrophages in vitro . (nature.com)
In addition, PnV activated macrophages in vitro for a different profile of M1. (nature.com)

I. Direct plaque-forming cell assay for the measurement of polyclonal activation and antigenic stimulation of human B lymphocytes. (silverchair.com)

In addition, microglia phagocytoses brain-specific cargo, such as axonal and myelin debris in spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis, amyloid-β deposits in Alzheimer's disease, and supernumerary synapses in postnatal development. (frontiersin.org)

The process of absorption and destruction of foreign micro-organisms, is called phagocytosis. (respect-health.com)

Microglia are the resident brain macrophages and they have been traditionally studied as orchestrators of the brain inflammatory response during infections and disease. (frontiersin.org)

Phagocytosis is a Greek-derived term which literally means the cellular process of eating. (frontiersin.org)
As observed in other systemic mycoses, the most relevant response against PCM is cellular immunity mediated by interferon- (IFN-) γ during macrophage activation [ 8 - 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

However, they have a different origin and are a unique macrophage cell type in the adult organism. (frontiersin.org)

In vivo, we analyzed the effect of macrophage depletion on concordant and discordant islet xenograft survival to assess in which combination this strategy can be used as therapeutic tool. (unige.ch)

For example, the binding will stop the intruder (for example a virus) from multiplying and will signal the macrophages to destroy the intruder. (respect-health.com)

Enhances lymphocyte migration. (abbkine.com)

Several studies show that spirulina has a beneficial effect on macrophages and the phagocytosis process. (respect-health.com)

Welcome to the Macrophage Infection of HIV Implications for Pathogenesis and Cure meeting, jointly organized by the National Institute of Mental Health and the Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard. (nih.gov)

May play a role in macrophage activation and function. (abbkine.com)
Activation of human B lymphocytes. (silverchair.com)

They develop into macrophages when they enter tissues. (pearson.com)

The present review will summarize the current state of the literature regarding the role of microglial phagocytosis in maintaining tissue homeostasis in health as in disease. (frontiersin.org)
Plays a role in RAC signaling and in phagocytosis. (abbkine.com)
Macrophages play the leading role here. (respect-health.com)

Anatomy49

Organisms20

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs105

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Phenomena and Processes48

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Alveolar macrophages5

Neutrophils5

Cytokines10

Peritoneal macrophages2

Proliferation5

Dendritic cells4

Cytokine production2

Pathogens5

Phagocytes1

Antibodies4

Secretion4

Bone marrow-derived3

Presence of macrophages1

Induces2

Inhibit2

Immune system3

Phagocytic3

ADCC1

Inhibitory effect2

Cells20

CD642

Spleen1

Inflammation2

Cytoplasm1

Leukocytes1

Activates1

Leishmania1

Granules3

Reactive1

Tumor3

Molecules4

Particles1

Immunological2

Receptors1

Rats2

Inhibition1

Lymph nodes1

Vitro2

Stimulation1

Debris1

Micro-organisms1

Inflammatory1

Cellular2

Cell1

Vivo1

Destroy1

Migration1

Effect1

Infection1

Activation2

Tissues1

Role3