ClinicalAntigenTumor-infiltratinCytotoxic lymphocytesDifferentiatePhenotypeScanning electron mBone marrowImmunologicalNeutrophilsLymphImmunologyInhibitLymphocytosisCountsInfectionBody'sVertebrateMoleculesDefenseMultiplyBacteriaAdaptiveStem cellsOrganRecognitionNatural killeSearchCytokinesReceptorActivationImmunitySmallTypesMajor
- See 'Clinical manifestations, pathologic features, and diagnosis of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma' . (uptodate.com)
- Effector lymphocytes function to eliminate the antigen, either by releasing antibodies (in the case of B cells), cytotoxic granules ( cytotoxic T cells ) or by signaling to other cells of the immune system ( helper T cells ). (wikipedia.org)
- These lymphocytes are responsible for immunological memory, a faster, vigorous response to a subsequent encounter with the same antigen, such as a microorganism or foreign substance. (reference.com)
- Lymphocytes then multiply into clones of identical cells, which produce antibodies that neutralize or destroy the targeted antigen, says the Encyclopaedia Britannica. (reference.com)
- The large clone of identical lymphocytes then differentiates into different cells that can destroy the original antigen. (encyclopedia.com)
- Patients suffering from B-cell lymphomas can be treated with antibodies directed against the B-lymphocyte antigen CD20. (phys.org)
- Most virgin lymphocytes appear to express all three different types of receptors and can, therefore, migrate throughout the body in search of antigen. (springer.com)
- Following antigenic activation the lymphocytes go through a nonmigratory phase after which many of them, as memory and effector cells, appear to express a single homing receptor class that controls their migration to particular tissues of the body similar to the site where they first encountered their cognate antigen. (springer.com)
- Lymphocyte recognition of high endothelium: antibodies to distinct epitopes of an 85-95 kD glycoprotein antigen differ-entially inhibit lymphocyte binding to lymph node, mucosal, or synovial endothelial cells, J. Cell. (springer.com)
- Lymphocytes are activated upon antigen (Ag) recognition by their clonotypic surface Ag receptors, TCR in the case of T cells and BCR in the case of B cells. (els.net)
- Antigen‐induced lymphocyte activation: the two‐signal paradigm. (els.net)
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, also tumour infiltrating lymphocytes, are white blood cells that have left the bloodstream and migrated into a tumor. (wikipedia.org)
- In colorectal cancer, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with microsatellite instability cancers, as may be seen in Lynch syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
- The tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) interact most closely with the tumor cells and are likely to more accurately reflect tumor host interactions. (nih.gov)
- Cytotoxic lymphocytes combat intracellular infections. (frontiersin.org)
- Despite numerous studies, the role of cytotoxic lymphocytes in ME/CFS remains unclear. (frontiersin.org)
- Prompted by advances in the understanding of defects in lymphocyte cytotoxicity, the discovery of adaptive natural killer (NK) cell subsets associated with certain viral infections, and compelling links between stress, adrenaline, and cytotoxic lymphocyte function, we reassessed the role of cytotoxic lymphocytes in ME/CFS. (frontiersin.org)
- These assessments of cytotoxic lymphocytes therefore do not provide useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of ME/CFS. (frontiersin.org)
- The T-8 lymphocytes differentiate into cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) that can destroy the body cells that have the original antigenic epitope on its surface, e.g., bacterial infected cells, viral infected cells, and tumor cells. (encyclopedia.com)
- CD8 T cells and B cells also differentiate into cytotoxic thymus‐derived lymphocytes and plasma cells, respectively, driven by specific activation in the context of CD4 T H cells (helper) and the cytokine microenvironment. (els.net)
- Forty-eight patients from two independent cohorts fulfilling the Canada 2003 criteria for ME/CFS were evaluated with respect to cytotoxic lymphocyte phenotype and function. (frontiersin.org)
- Immunologically important lymphocyte that is not thymus-dependent, is either short-lived and naive or long-lived and of memory phenotype, and resembles the bursa-derived lymphocyte of birds in that it is responsible for the production of immunoglobulins. (fpnotebook.com)
- Lymphocyte activation triggers multiple signalling cascades that converge in the cell nucleus to cause significant changes in the pattern of gene expression that determine the phenotype of activated lymphocytes and, ultimately, the type of immune response. (els.net)
- A scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of a single human lymphocyte. (wikipedia.org)
- A scanning electron microscope image of normal circulating human blood showing red blood cells , several types of white blood cells including lymphocytes, a monocyte , a neutrophil and many small disc-shaped platelets . (wikipedia.org)
- Both types of lymphocytes come from stem cells in the bone marrow. (reference.com)
- T lymphocytes start in the bone marrow from pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, then travel to and mature in the thymus gland. (howstuffworks.com)
- B lymphocytes mature in the bone marrow. (howstuffworks.com)
- HealthCentral states that some scientists believe that lymphocytes are responsible for immunological memory. (reference.com)
- These mutations are easy to discover via a special immunological test, which was used by the Obninsk physicians for search of mutant lymphocytes in blood of patients with thyroid gland cancer. (innovations-report.com)
- D.M. Lewinsohn, R.F. Bargatze, and E.C. Butcher, Leukocyte-endothelial cell recognition: evidence of a common molecular mechanism shared by neutrophils, lymphocytes, and other leukocytes, J. Immunol. (springer.com)
- A person with a high lymph count could be suffering from a condition called lymphocytosis, an elevated level of white blood cells called lymphocytes. (reference.com)
- Lymphocytes continually pass back and forth between lymph tissue, lymph fluid and blood. (howstuffworks.com)
- R.A. Rasmussen, Y-H Chin, J.J. Woodruff, and T.G. Easton, Lymphocyte recognition of lymph node high endothelium. (springer.com)
- H.B. Stamper Jr, and J.J. Woodruff, Lymphocyte homing into lymph nodes: In vitro demonstration of the selective affinity of recirculating lymphocytes for high endothelial venules, J. Exp. (springer.com)
- J.J. Woodruff, M. Katz, E. Lucas, and H.B. Stamber Jr, An in vitro model of lymphocyte homing.II.Membrane and cytoplasmic events involved in lymphocyte adherence to specialized high-endothelial venules of lymph nodes, J. Immunol. (springer.com)
- S. J. McLeod and M. R. Gold, "Activation and function of the Rap1 GTPase in B lymphocytes," International Reviews of Immunology , vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 763-789, 2001. (hindawi.com)
- Prior to TIL treatment, patients are given nonmyeloablative chemotherapy to deplete native lymphocytes that can inhibit the response. (wikipedia.org)
- HealthCentral explains that lymphocytosis, or the presence of a high number of lymphocytes, can be caused by many different disorders and diseases, including mononucleosis, toxoplasmosis, AIDS and tuberculosis. (reference.com)
- however, adults with more than 3,000 lymphocytes per milliliter of blood are generally considered to suffer from lymphocytosis. (reference.com)
- In some cases, children must have more than 9,000 lymphocytes per milliliter of blood to be considered to suffer from lymphocytosis. (reference.com)
- A high lymphocyte count is referred to as lymphocytosis and is caused by a bacterial or viral infection, cancer, autoimmune disorders, tuberculosis, HIV/AI. (reference.com)
- Normally, flow cytometry testing is used for specific lymphocyte population counts. (wikipedia.org)
- Children have much higher lymphocyte counts than adults, and the count tends to vary with age. (reference.com)
- Monitoring lymphocyte counts in a patient with HIV infection is one way to assess the degree of immunosuppression and the risk of developing opportunistic infections. (healthcentral.com)
- Lymphocytes, sometimes referred to as "fighter cells," attack infection-causing microorganisms. (ehow.co.uk)
- Lymphocytes are white blood cells whose function is to fight off infection. (ehow.co.uk)
- Lymphocytopenia, the medical term for a low number of lymphocytes circulating in the blood, places individuals at a high risk for infection. (ehow.co.uk)
- Lymphocytes are complex cells that direct the body's immune system . (howstuffworks.com)
- Lymphocytes are a vital component of the body's immune system. (ehow.co.uk)
- A lymphocyte is one of the subtypes of a white blood cell in a vertebrate 's immune system . (wikipedia.org)
- This binding is mediated by specific lymphocyte surface molecules called homing receptors 2 . (springer.com)
- Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes provide a first line of defense at this extensive barrier with the outside world, and as such, understanding their role in immunity is critical. (springer.com)
- Once the T-lymphocytes are activated, they are stimulated to multiply. (encyclopedia.com)
- The Encyclopaedia Britannica defines lymphocytes as white blood cells that determine the specific response of the immune system to bacteria and toxins. (reference.com)
- Lymphocytes are different from the other WBCs because they can recognize and have a memory of invading bacteria and viruses . (howstuffworks.com)
- A drastic reduction of lymphocytes can lead to persistent infections from fungi, bacteria and viruses. (ehow.co.uk)
- Increased expansions of adaptive NK cells or deviant cytotoxic lymphocyte adrenaline-mediated inhibition were not observed. (frontiersin.org)
- The lymphocytes involved in adaptive immunity (i.e. (wikipedia.org)
- Lymphocytes are produced by the same stem cells that produce red blood cells. (reference.com)
- E.C. Butcher, R.G. Scollay, and I.L. Weissman, Organ specificity of lymphocyte migration: Mediation by highly selective lymphocyte interaction with organ-specific determinants on high endothelial venules, Eur. (springer.com)
- W.M. Gallatin, I.L. Weissman, and E.C. Butcher, A cell surface molecule involved in organ-specific homing of lymphocytes. (springer.com)
- S. Jalkanen, R. Bargatze, L. Herron, and E.C. Butcher, A lymphoid cell surface glycoprotein involved in endothelial recognition and lymphocyte homing in man, Eur. (springer.com)
- S. Jalkanen, R. Bargatze, M. Jalkanen, M. Tammi, and E.C. Butcher, Biochemical properties of glycoproteins involved in lymphocyte recognition of high endothelial venules in man, submitted. (springer.com)
- These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Lymphocyte Count. (fpnotebook.com)
- Special cytokines called interleukins that are produced by the T-4 lymphocytes mediate this proliferation. (encyclopedia.com)
- According to Japanese and Russian researchers' data, the patients suffering from larynx cancer and some other malignant growths, even before treatment starts experience increase of quantity of lymphocytes with T-cell receptor (TCR) genes mutations. (innovations-report.com)
- Reproducible differences between patients and controls were not found in cytotoxic lymphocyte numbers, cytotoxic granule content, activation status, exocytotic capacity, target cell killing, or cytokine production. (frontiersin.org)
- Lymphocyte stimulation leads to the activation of selected transcription factors depending on the type of signals. (els.net)
- T lymphocytes (T cells) are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. (howstuffworks.com)
- The three major types of lymphocyte are T cells , B cells and natural killer (NK) cells. (wikipedia.org)
- There are three major categories of lymphocytes: B-cells, T-cells and NK-cells. (ehow.co.uk)