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LymphocytesAntigensLymphocyte ActivationAntigens, BacterialAntigens, SurfaceAntigens, NeoplasmT-LymphocytesAntigens, ViralLymphocyte SubsetsB-LymphocytesAntigens, CDLymphocyte CountHLA AntigensAntigens, ProtozoanAntibodies, MonoclonalAntigens, Polyomavirus TransformingH-2 AntigensReceptors, Antigen, T-CellAntigens, FungalSpleenReceptors, Antigen, B-CellAntigens, CD3Antigens, HelminthT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicLymphocyte Culture Test, MixedHistocompatibility AntigensCells, CulturedEpitopesHLA-DR AntigensMice, Inbred BALB CCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesFlow CytometryCytotoxicity, ImmunologicHistocompatibility Antigens Class IICarcinoembryonic AntigenLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingAntigens, Viral, TumorImmunoglobulin GMice, Inbred C57BLPhytohemagglutininsCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesMolecular Sequence DataImmunity, CellularAntigens, CD45Cell LineHLA-A2 AntigenConcanavalin AAntigens, CD4Antibody FormationLymphocyte TransfusionInterleukin-2Proliferating Cell Nuclear AntigenEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayLeukocyte CountInterferon-gammaLymph NodesHistocompatibility Antigens Class IFluorescent Antibody TechniqueT-Lymphocyte SubsetsProstate-Specific AntigenO AntigensHLA-A AntigensCross ReactionsAntigens, CD15Amino Acid SequenceAntibody SpecificityAntigens, DifferentiationAntigen-Antibody ReactionsImmunoglobulin MThymus GlandImmunizationAntigens, Tumor-Associated, CarbohydrateImmune SeraLymphocyte CooperationCytotoxicity Tests, ImmunologicMitogensReceptors, AntigenClone CellsAntigens, CD8Lymphocyte DepletionHepatitis B Surface AntigensRosette FormationLymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1Killer Cells, NaturalBlood Group AntigensImmunophenotypingMice, Inbred StrainsHLA-D AntigensImmunoglobulinsAntigens, CD19LectinsDendritic CellsReceptors, Lymphocyte HomingReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-betaBase SequenceImmune ToleranceAntigen-Presenting CellsCell SeparationAntibodiesCytokines
Self-antigensReceptorsReceptorCytolytic T lymphocytesCytotoxic T-lymphocyPeptidesAntibodiesForeign antigenAutologous1989EpitopesTumor cellsRecognitionProteinsMoleculesAntibodySubpopulationsBindScanning electron mPathogenActivationGenetically modifiedSubstancesBody'sAutoimmuneCellPresentationHistocompatibilityResponsesMutationsMalignantProteinGenesImmune responseMycobacterialGeneAdaptive immuneHumanLungCD95VirusesFragmentsActivatePrecursorIsoformsPathogenesisDistinctImmunologicSpecificIdentificationCytokinesDendriticHomologous
Self-antigens6
  • A vaccination strategy designed to enhance the immunogenicity of self-antigens that are overexpressed in tumor cells is to identify and slightly modify immunodominant epitopes that elicit T-cell responses. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In essence, the function of T cells and B cells is to recognize specific "non-self" antigens , during a process known as antigen presentation. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Here, we demonstrated that intradermal administration of clinically relevant vaccines efficiently induces Trm cells specific for tumor-specific and self-antigens that accumulate in vaccinated and non-vaccinated skin. (lifeboat.com)
  • Here we demonstrated that a single intradermal administration of gene- or protein-based vaccines efficiently induces specific Trm cell responses against models of tumor-specific and self-antigens, which accumulated in vaccinated and distant non-vaccinated skin. (lifeboat.com)
  • Vaccination strategies eliciting CTL responses specific for tumor-specific and self-antigens have shown promising results in recent clinical trials. (lifeboat.com)
  • This situation would increase susceptibility to a significantly greater number of self-antigens, and lead to autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis. (second-opinions.co.uk)
Receptors4
  • Whereas each T cell recognizes a single antigen, collectively the T cells are endowed with a large diversity of receptors targeted at a wide variety of antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, we apply our approaches to understand epigenetic mechanisms that sculpt the diverse repertoire antigen receptors required for B and T lymphocytes to recognize a veritable universe of pathogens and, the same time, allow these cells to respond rapidly to DNA damage during the assembly of B and T cell receptors. (osu.edu)
  • This protocol describes how to identify Dual Expressers (DEs), a rare type of lymphocyte that co-expresses B-cell receptors and T-cell receptors, by flow cytometry using a cocktail of four antibodies. (bvsalud.org)
  • It also shows the subsequent gating strategy for detecting and sorting DEs and the generation of EBV-immortalized DE lymphoblastoid cell lines and clones for antibody production and cloning antigen receptors. (bvsalud.org)
Receptor13
  • This occurs because each T cell is endowed with a highly specific receptor that can bind to an antigen present at the surface of another cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • There a process named central tolerance eliminates the T cells that have a receptor recognizing an antigen present on normal cells of the organism. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD3 recognizes the epsilon chain of the CD3 antigen/T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) complex. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Graber M, Bockenstedt LK, Weiss A. Signaling via the inositol phospholipid pathway by T cell antigen receptor is limited by receptor number. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The human body has the ability to form millions of different types of B cells each day, and each type has a unique receptor protein (referred to as the B cell receptor, or BCR) on its membrane that will bind to one particular antigen. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells can restore the activity of exhausted T cell through reprogramming and is widely used in the treatment of relapsed/refractory (r/r) hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
  • The most active T cell endogenous inhibitory pathway is the immunoglobulin superfamily such as CD28/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4): B7-1/B7-2 receptor/ligand grouping, which plays a central role in coordinating immune responses [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Several types of ACT round out the immunotherapy arsenal, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, T-cell receptor (TCR) therapy, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy. (aacr.org)
  • The use of CD20 as suicide gene was investigated in CMV specific T cells and in T cells genetically modified with an antigen specific T-cell receptor. (haematologica.org)
  • T-cell receptor (TCR) gene transfer is an attractive strategy for rapid in vitro generation of high numbers of antigen specific T cells. (haematologica.org)
  • The CD8 antigen, acting as a coreceptor, and the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte recognize antigen displayed by an antigen presenting cell (APC) in the context of class I MHC molecules. (wikidoc.org)
  • The T-cell receptor (TCR) is a highly polymorphic surface receptor that allows T-cells to recognize antigenic peptides presented on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). (eur.nl)
  • FcµR, the only IgM-specific receptor in mammals, recognizes different forms of IgM to regulate diverse immune responses2-5. (bvsalud.org)
Cytolytic T lymphocytes3
Cytotoxic T-lymphocy1
  • CD69, clone L78, is derived from hybridization of mouse Sp2/0-Ag14 myeloma cells with lymph node cells from BALB/c mice immunized with a CD8 + alloantigen-directed cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) cell line. (bdbiosciences.com)
Peptides6
  • This chapter provides a global approach for the identification of peptides recognized by CTL. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The saga of MHC-bound peptides: a renaissance for antigen presentation? (jci.org)
  • peptides bound to HLA-DR17 from bronchoalveolar lavage cells of sarcoidosis patients were analyzed in order to identify target antigens of the autoimmune response (see the related article beginning on page 3576). (jci.org)
  • the TB2 tube contains an additional set of peptides targeted to the induction of CMI responses from CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (cdc.gov)
  • When these immune system cells recognize the peptides as harmful, they launch an immune response to get rid of the foreign invaders. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Integrin α-m/β-2 recognizes P1 and P2 peptides of fibrinogen gamma chain. (lu.se)
Antibodies13
Foreign antigen1
  • namely, that the ability of a T cell to recognize foreign antigen also required that it recognize "self. (primidi.com)
Autologous2
  • 3 Autologous lymphocytes genetically modified with the TCR for MART-1/Melan-A have been adoptively transferred to patients with advanced melanoma. (haematologica.org)
  • These antigens also activated the human naïve CD4+ T cells in presence of autologous DCs as measured using ELISPOT for IFN-gamma. (cdc.gov)
19891
Epitopes4
  • Cell sorting revealed that one individual cell indeed recognized both epitopes. (nih.gov)
  • Although a limited number of immunodominant peptide epitopes are consistently observed in diseases such as HIV-1 infection, the relationship between immunodominance and antigen processing in humans is largely unknown. (jci.org)
  • Moreover, persistent TCRs form high similarity clusters with other (non-)persistent sequences that potentially recognize the same epitopes. (eur.nl)
  • This first report on T-cell antigens and epitopes of M. immunogenum is significant as it is expected to open up avenues for understanding pathogenesis mechanisms and developing T-cell-based immunodiagnostic tools for this poorly investigated occupational lung disease. (cdc.gov)
Tumor cells4
  • T lymphocytes are cells of the immune system that attack and destroy virus-infected cells, tumor cells and cells from transplanted organs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hence, a new antigen is present only on the tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recognition of a new ARTC1 peptide ligand uniquely expressed in tumor cells by antigen-specific CD4+ regulatory T cells. (nih.gov)
  • ALCL was recognized in 1985, when tumor cells consistently demonstrated labeling by the monoclonal antibody Ki-1, a marker later shown to recognize the CD30 antigen. (medscape.com)
Recognition5
  • The recognition of mutation-induced antigens on tumors by T cells is only one aspect of a more general phenomenon which can rightly be named: T cell immunosurveillance of the integrity of the genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Peptide presentation is critical for immune recognition of pathogen-infected cells by CD8+ T lymphocytes. (jci.org)
  • Exhibit recognition for (an antigen or a substrate). (primidi.com)
  • Donor T cells may also induce GvHD due to recognition of allo-antigens on non-malignant tissues of the patient. (haematologica.org)
  • After antigen recognition and activation, CD8 + cytotoxic T cells may trigger keratinocyte apoptosis. (medscape.com)
Proteins11
  • They code for 5 major antigens denoted by letters, C, c, E, e, and D. Rh blood group antigens are inherited as determined by at least 2 homologous but distinct membrane-associated proteins. (medscape.com)
  • These proteins lock onto specific antigens. (kidshealth.org)
  • The normal function of the proteins expressed by these genes is to recognize superfluous, damaged, aged, or aberrant cells that must be eliminated. (the-scientist.com)
  • NK cells distinguish infected cells and tumors from normal and uninfected cells by recognizing alterations in levels of a surface molecule called MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class I. NK cells are activated in response to proteins called interferons . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • The basis of specific immunity lies in the capacity of immune cells to distinguish between proteins produced by the body's own cells ("self" antigen -those of the original organism), and proteins produced by invaders or cells under control of a virus ("non-self" antigen-or what is not recognized as the original organism). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • All cancer-treating vaccines rely on proteins, called tumour-associated antigens-a molecule that triggers an immune response when it's either more plentiful on the surface of cancer cells compared to healthy ones, or exists in an abnormal or mutated form. (nationalgeographic.co.uk)
  • The QuantiFERON®-TB Gold Plus assay tests for Cell Mediated Immune (CMI) responses to peptide antigens that simulate mycobacterial proteins. (cdc.gov)
  • The TAP1 and TAP2 proteins attach (bind) together to form a protein complex called transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) complex. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In this direction, purified recombinant form of five of the seroreactive proteins (reported in our initial study), including three cell wall-associated (arbitrarily designated as antigens A through C) and two secretory (AgD & AgE), were examined for their potential to activate antigen-presenting cells (APCs) viz. (cdc.gov)
  • However, only two of the five proteins (AgA, AgD) showed significant T-cell response (T lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-gamma secretion) when tested using sensitized T-cells from MI-induced HP mouse model. (cdc.gov)
  • After the process of deciduous root resorption, dentin proteins that have not been yet been presented to the immune system become sequestered antigens that can induce autoimmune responses and play a role in etiopathogenesis of dental resorption. (bvsalud.org)
Molecules6
  • A class of genes, named cancer-germline genes, is expressed in a large variety of cancer cells but not in normal cells, with the exception of germline cells, which do not carry MHC molecules on their surface and therefore do not present the antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • This would probably not result in the expression of the same antigen in all these tumours, because the patients would differ in their presenting molecules, which are determined by their HLA haplotype. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Ledbetter JA, Evans RL, Lipinski M, Cunningham-Rundles C, Good RA, Herzenberg LA. Evolutionary conservation of surface molecules that distinguish T lymphocyte helper/inducer and cytotoxic/suppressor subpopulations in mouse and man. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Antigens may also exist on their own-for example, as food molecules or pollen. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Substances that provoke an immune reaction are recognized by the presence of certain molecules, called antigens , on their surface. (britannica.com)
  • Researches of the UAB have developed a new software for the identification of the features of the peptide repertoires presented by HLA class I and HLA-DR molecules to T lymphocytes. (uab.cat)
Antibody3
  • The antigen recognized by the CD3 antibody is noncovalently associated with either α/β or γ/δ TCR (70 to 90 kd). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Engleman EG, Warnke R, Fox RI, Dilley J, Benike CJ, Levy R. Studies of a human T lymphocyte antigen recognized by a monoclonal antibody. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The MEM-55 antibody recognizes a silaidase-sensitive epitope of CD45. (biolegend.com)
Subpopulations1
  • Age-related changes in human blood lymphocyte subpopulations, II: Varying kinetics of percentage and absolute count measurements. (bdbiosciences.com)
Bind4
  • They recognize a specific target-an antigen-on the surface of the cancer cell and bind to it. (nationalgeographic.co.uk)
  • and that tightly bind to the antigen of an invader, tagging the invader for attack or directly neutralizing it. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Immunoglobulins recognize and bind antigens and can be found in the plasma linked to lymphocyte cellular membranes. (visualscience.ru)
  • Immuno-informatic analysis predicted that the identified T-cell antigens (AgA and AgD) bind more number of class I and class II HLA alleles as compared with the reference immuno-dominant antigens ESAT-6 and CFP-10 from the tuberculous mycobacterial species M. tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
Scanning electron m2
  • A colored scanning electron micrograph of two T lymphocyte cells (yellow) attached to a cancer cell (green). (nationalgeographic.co.uk)
  • A scanning electron micrograph of a human T lymphocyte (or T cell) from the immune system of a healthy person. (britannica.com)
Pathogen2
  • Therefore, overall objective of the current study was to identify T-cell reactive antigens of this recently recognized pathogen. (cdc.gov)
  • The mononuclear phagocyte cell system includes monocytes, macrophages anddendritic cells which are important cells in order to recognize, ingest, destroyand also present part of a pathogen to T-lymphocytes in order to activate theadaptive immune system. (avhandlingar.se)
Activation11
  • On the other hand, a P815 tumour rejection antigen appears to arise through the activation of a silent gene, and it may turn out that this is the rule for most tumour rejection antigens. (ox.ac.uk)
  • If, on the other hand, production of tumour rejection antigens results from the activation of a normal gene, then there is a good probability that the same gene may be activated in many different tumours, being perhaps preferentially shared by tumours of the same histological type. (ox.ac.uk)
  • CD69 recognizes a very early human lymphocyte activation antigen. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Leu-23: an early activation antigen on human lymphocytes. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Interleukin 2 activation of natural killer cells rapidly induces the expression and phosphorylation of the Leu-23 activation antigen. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Rapid flow cytometric method for measuring lymphocyte subset activation. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Meanwhile, more-appropriately named tumor suppressor genes recognize the illegitimate activation of proliferation-driving genes and hit the brakes. (the-scientist.com)
  • These genes recognize and stop the illegitimate activation of proliferation-driving genes. (the-scientist.com)
  • Following activation, B cells and T cells leave a lasting legacy of the antigens they have encountered in the form of memory cells . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • One of the major questions regarding the roles of T-cells is whether expansion and activation of T-cells observed in the diseases pathogenesis is antigen driven. (eur.nl)
  • Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are distinguished from other lymphomas by their anaplastic cytology and constant membrane expression of the CD30 antigen (an activation marker for B or T cells). (medscape.com)
Genetically modified1
  • These strategies rely on the isolation of T cells, which are either genetically modified to target tumor-specific antigens or are expanded from an endogenous population that recognizes tumor neoantigens. (aacr.org)
Substances2
  • When the body senses foreign substances (called antigens), the immune system works to recognize the antigens and get rid of them. (kidshealth.org)
  • Antigens are any substances that the immune system can recognize and that can thus stimulate an immune response. (msdmanuals.com)
Body's3
  • B lymphocytes are like the body's military intelligence system - they find their targets and send defenses to lock onto them. (kidshealth.org)
  • Lymphocytes play an important and integral role in the body's defenses, and are part of a system of extraordinary complexity and coordination. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • T lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell and a component of the body's immune system. (nationalgeographic.co.uk)
Autoimmune1
  • The lichen planus antigen is unknown, although it may be a self-peptide (or altered self-peptide), in which case lichen planus would be a true autoimmune disease. (medscape.com)
Cell27
  • It is now proven that tumor-specific antigens exist and that patients mount spontaneous T cell responses against such antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • In other instances, the normal peptide is presented at the cell surface and consequently the T lymphocytes that recognize the antigen have been eliminated by the central tolerance process that occurs in the thymus. (wikipedia.org)
  • If the mutated cell divides significantly, the resulting clonal population may be eliminated by a T lymphocyte response. (wikipedia.org)
  • In cancer patients, about one half of the highly tumor-specific antigens recognized by spontaneous T cell responses are encoded by mutated genes, the other half being encoded by cancer-germline genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Adoptive cell therapy using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has shown activity in melanoma, but has not been previously evaluated in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. (nature.com)
  • Healthy humans develop spontaneous CD8+ T cell responses to melanoma associated antigens (MA) expressed by normal melanocytes. (mdpi.com)
  • Leucocyte Typing IV: White Cell Differentiation Antigens. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Summary of T-cell studies performed during the Second International Workshop and Conference on Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Immunochemical analysis of the T-cell-specific antigens. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Correlation of cell surface antigen expression on human thymocytes by multi-color flow cytometric analysis: implications for differentiation. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • however, 6 reported COVID-19 symptoms within a median of 7 days after their partners, and 4 of those showed a positive SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell response against 3 or 4 SARS-CoV-2 antigens that lasted up to 93 days after symptom onset. (cdc.gov)
  • The resultant T cells, however, must maintain their ability to recognize the native configuration of the peptide-MHC interaction on the tumor cell target. (aacrjournals.org)
  • When a T cell encounters bacterial products, either directly or via presentation by a special antigen-presenting cell, it is sensitized to recognize the material as foreign, and, once sensitized, it possesses an immunologic memory. (britannica.com)
  • A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell (leukocyte) in the vertebrate immune system . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Recently, the oncogene and tumor suppressor gene have been recognized as important factors that is contribute to conversion and progression from normal cell to cnacer one. (koreamed.org)
  • Rosenberg is beginning to develop a library of TCRs that can recognize shared mutations in the hope of utilizing them for TCR T-cell therapy for patients across a variety of tumor types, especially those with common epithelial cancers. (aacr.org)
  • Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) is a well-established suicide gene that has been successfully used to control GvHD following donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. (haematologica.org)
  • 4 In addition, TCRs for minor histocompatibility antigens, including HA-1 and HA-2, have been transferred to donor-derived virus-specific T cells to treat patients with hematologic malignancies after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. (haematologica.org)
  • Although human CD20 has previously been described as functional selection marker and suicide gene after retroviral transfer to T lymphocytes, 9 , 10 the specificities of these T cells were unknown, and therefore a potential effect of CD20 on antigen-specific T-cell functions could not be investigated. (haematologica.org)
  • CD45 has been reported to be associated with several other cell surface antigens including CD1, CD2, CD3, and CD4. (biolegend.com)
  • The CD8 antigen is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system. (wikidoc.org)
  • T lymphocytes are responsible for cell-mediated immunity , so named because the T cells themselves latch onto the antigens of the invader and then initiate reactions that lead to the destruction of the nonself matter. (britannica.com)
  • The resultant "recombinant" virus is introduced into host cell lines, which are instructed by the hybrid virus to produce the antigen. (anthonycolpo.com)
  • T-cell antigens of Mycobacterium immunogenum, an etiological agent of occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis. (cdc.gov)
  • The T lymphocyte-mediated immune lung disease hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) in machinists is poorly understood for disease mechanisms and diagnosis due in part to lack of information on causative T-cell antigens of the etiological agent Mycobacterium immunogenum (MI). (cdc.gov)
  • Collectively, our results imply that AgA and AgD are T-cell antigens with a high HLA binding frequency as well as population coverage for HLA alleles. (cdc.gov)
  • Sixty percent of cases express 1 or more T-cell antigens (CD3 + , CD43, or CD45RO). (medscape.com)
Presentation1
  • However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) imposes different mechanisms that facilitate the impairment of DC functions, such as inefficient antigen presentation or polarization into immunosuppressive DCs. (mdpi.com)
Histocompatibility1
Responses2
  • Fig. 3: Examples of complete responses mediated by TIL-recognizing tumor antigens. (nature.com)
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that have a notable role in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. (mdpi.com)
Mutations4
  • Genetic processes other than point mutations can lead to tumor-specific antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • The contribution of these antigens to tumor immunogenicity is expected to vary according to the mutation rate: higher in lung carcinomas arising in tobacco smokers, in melanomas owing to mutations induced by UV and in the 15% of colorectal carcinomas that have hypermutated DNA owing to defects in the DNA mismatch repair pathway. (wikipedia.org)
  • Insofar as tumour rejection antigens result from mutations, they may be highly specific for every individual tumour. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In exploratory analyses, we found T cells recognizing multiple types of cancer mutations were detected after TIL treatment and were enriched in responding patients. (nature.com)
Malignant2
  • 1 , 2 The anti-tumor effect of DLI is mediated by donor T cells recognizing allo-antigens on the malignant cells of the recipient. (haematologica.org)
  • In general, two distinct forms are recognized-an epitheliotropic form (in which there is infiltration by malignant lymphocytes into the epidermis and adnexa) and a nodular, nonepitheliotropic form. (merckvetmanual.com)
Protein5
  • Research has intensified to understand ERV protein function and their role as tumor antigens and targets for cancer (immune) therapy. (frontiersin.org)
  • Each of these genes provides instructions for making a protein that plays a role in helping the immune system recognize and fight infections. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Recombinant vaccines, made by combining DNA for making hemagglutinin (a surface protein and antigen found on influenza viruses) with a baculovirus, a virus that infects invertebrates. (anthonycolpo.com)
  • T lymphocytes recognize protein fragments. (uab.cat)
  • Flow cytometric estimation of the apoptotic marker CD95 in peripheral neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes was done for 18 infants with non-oedematous protein energy malnutrition (PEM) and 12 oedematous ones, on hospital admission and after supervised nutritional rehabilitation, and compared with 12 matched controls. (who.int)
Genes2
  • Cancer-germline genes are an important source of tumor-specific antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is our hope that other genes coding for mouse and human tumour rejection antigens will soon be identified, so that it will become clear whether the activational mechanism is the rule or the exception. (ox.ac.uk)
Immune response1
  • If antigens are perceived as dangerous (for example, if they can cause disease), they can stimulate an immune response in the body. (msdmanuals.com)
Mycobacterial1
  • Individuals infected with M. tuberculosis complex organisms (M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. africanum, M. microti, M. canetti) usually have lymphocytes in their blood that recognize these and other mycobacterial antigens. (cdc.gov)
Gene2
Adaptive immune2
Human5
  • Single amino acid substitutions were introduced to the CAP1 peptide (YLSGANLNL), an immunogenic HLA-A2 + -binding peptide derived from human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Two general types of lymphocytes-T cells and B cells-are of great importance in protecting the human host. (britannica.com)
  • A scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of a single human lymphocyte. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • IgGs, the most common human immunoglobulins, represent 75% of all plasma immunoglobulins and have several functions including triggering the complement system (the proteolytic plasma enzyme cascade involved in antigen degradation in the blood). (visualscience.ru)
  • Differential expression of HLA class II antigens in fetal human spleen: relationship of HLA-DP, DQ, and DR to immunoglobulin expression. (bdbiosciences.com)
Lung2
  • A new tumor-rejection antigen recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes infiltrating into a lung adenocarcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • To identify candidates for the postulated sarcoidosis-specific antigen, lung cells from 16 HLA-DRB1*0301pos patients were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage. (jci.org)
CD951
  • 12 oedematous (4 males and 8 females) optotic marker CD95 (Fas antigen) can be with mean age 11.67 (SD 4.92) months. (who.int)
Viruses2
  • While offering protection against millions of possible invaders, including viruses , bacteria , are cancer cells, lymphocytes allow normal body cells and helpful, symbiotic bacteria to flourish at the same time. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Researchers are unsure why people with BLS I do not also get viral infections, but they suspect that other immune processes are able to recognize and fight viruses. (medlineplus.gov)
Fragments1
  • Together with the two other constant regions of the heavy and light chains, CH1 and CL, respectively, these regions form one of two Fab fragments (antigen binding fragment). (visualscience.ru)
Activate1
Precursor1
  • Accordingly, long-lived memory precursor effector T cells and antigen-specific T cells were increased by PD-1 blockade in intracranial lesions. (bvsalud.org)
Isoforms1
  • CD45 and its isoforms non-covalently associate with lymphocyte phosphatase-associated phosphoprotein (LPAP) on T and B lymphocytes. (biolegend.com)
Pathogenesis1
  • In 1953, Chown subsequently confirmed the pathogenesis of Rh alloimmunization to be the result of passage of Rh-positive fetal RBCs after transplacental hemorrhage into maternal circulation that lacked this antigen. (medscape.com)
Distinct1
  • The QFT-Plus has two distinct TB antigen tubes: TB Antigen Tube 1 (TB1) and TB Antigen Tube 2 (TB2). (cdc.gov)
Immunologic1
  • Langerhans cells live in the skin and serve as part of the immune system by processing incoming antigens and presenting them to other immunologic cells. (marvistavet.com)
Specific8
  • It has long been debated whether cancer cells were bearing "tumor-specific" antigens, absent from normal cells, which could in principle cause the elimination of the tumor by the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
  • In some patients, the majority of the tumor-specific T cells recognize mutated antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • Plausible candidates for the mutational mechanism are the "tumour specific transplantation antigens" observed on methylcholanthrene induced tumours and tumours induced by ultraviolet light. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The tumour specific nature of these antigens would then be easily ascertained. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Fig. 4: Summary of tumor-specific antigens tested for all patients. (nature.com)
  • In the context of cancer, appropriately activated DCs can induce anti-tumor immunity by activating innate immune cells and tumor-specific lymphocytes that target cancer cells. (mdpi.com)
  • This association afforded us a unique opportunity to identify a sarcoidosis-specific antigen recognized by AV2S3+ T cells. (jci.org)
  • Antigen-specific for skin-sensitization testing. (cdc.gov)
Identification4
  • Identification of tumour rejection antigens recognized by T lymphocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Key open questions in MS research are the identification of the target antigen recognized by tissue resident CD8 + T-cells and B-cells and the molecular nature of the soluble inflammatory mediators, which may trigger tissue damage. (frontiersin.org)
  • Anti-HLA-DR is intended for in vitro diagnostic use in the identification of cells expressing the HLA-DR antigen, using a BD FACS™ brand flow cytometer. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Chemical allergens encountered in choice for the hazard identification of skin-sensi- the skin are recognized by Langerhans' cells tizing chemicals. (cdc.gov)
Cytokines1
Dendritic1
Homologous1
  • Lastly, using "Grouping of Lymphocyte Interactions by Paratope Hotspots" (GLIPH2), we identify clusters of TCRβ sequences with homologous sequences that potentially recognize the same antigens and contain TCRβs that are persist in SSc patients. (eur.nl)