• 4 Lower body weight at birth was shown to be associated with reduced forced expiratory volume and vital lung capacity, 5-7 with an increased risk for asthma, 8-13 as well as with increased death rates from chronic obstructive airways disease. (bmj.com)
  • 6 Only a few studies failed to find an association between birth weight and lung function 14 , 15 or asthma. (bmj.com)
  • For reasons that are not entirely clear, patients with asthma develop deleterious immune responses to otherwise innocuous substances, like allergens, that result in tissue inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. (rochester.edu)
  • Recent progress in multimodal molecular profiling of single cells has allowed discovAIR partners to draft the first cellular census of healthy human lung3, and to describe the alterations in molecular states and relative frequencies of cells in the airway wall in asthma. (oncoage.org)
  • Chronic airways diseases, including asthma, COPD and cystic fibrosis, cause significant morbidity and mortality and are associated with high healthcare expenditure, in the UK and worldwide. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In addition, the Lung Association funds the Airways Clinical Research Centers Network , which implements patient-centered clinical trials and has helped changed nature of asthma and COPD patient care across the United States. (lung.org)
  • The American Lung Association Airways Clinical Research Centers (ACRC) Network is the nation's largest not-for-profit network of clinical research centers dedicated to asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment research, attracting some of the best investigators nationwide. (lung.org)
  • Asthma is a long-term disease of the lungs. (webmd.com)
  • People with asthma have symptoms when the airways tighten, inflame, or fill with mucus. (webmd.com)
  • Asthma causes red, swollen bronchial tubes in your lungs. (webmd.com)
  • People with asthma have sensitive airways that tend to overreact and narrow when they come into contact with even slight triggers. (webmd.com)
  • An asthma attack is the episode in which bands of muscle around the airways are triggered to tighten. (webmd.com)
  • Increasing evidence supports the united airway disease concept for the management of upper and lower respiratory tract diseases , particularly in patients with asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). (bvsalud.org)
  • In this systematic review , we focused on the role of biologics in the lung function and quality of life in patients with severe asthma and CRSwNP. (bvsalud.org)
  • Primary diagnosis was mostly asthma or CRSwNP, with only 15 studies, mainly observational, performed in populations with united airway disease . (bvsalud.org)
  • The use of biologics in patients with severe asthma and CRSwNP was overall associated with significant improvements in lung function and quality of life . (bvsalud.org)
  • Notwithstanding the need of larger studies, our results reinforce the joint management of asthma and CRSwNP as united airway disease in clinical practice. (bvsalud.org)
  • Asthma is a clinical syndrome characterized by episodic reversible airway obstruction, increased bronchial reactivity, and airway inflammation. (medscape.com)
  • Asthma results from complex interactions among inflammatory cells, their mediators, airway epithelium and smooth muscle, and the nervous system. (medscape.com)
  • Increasing age, exertional breathlessness, prior diagnosis of asthma, BMI, and clinically diagnosed COPD and asthma were independently associated with obstructed lung function. (who.int)
  • Chemical irritation of the airway can result in the development of new onset asthma or worsening of prior symptoms of asthma. (medscape.com)
  • Whether you are a patient living with lung disease or a caregiver, join the Patient & Caregiver Network for timely education, support and connection. (lung.org)
  • 20+ Years continually advancing lung disease research. (lung.org)
  • Your tax-deductible donation funds lung disease and lung cancer research, new treatments, lung health education, and more. (lung.org)
  • BACKGROUND Associations have been found between a large head size at birth and atopy, and between low birth weight and obstructive airways disease. (bmj.com)
  • A study was undertaken of people born around the time of the Dutch famine in 1944-5 to determine the effects of maternal malnutrition during specific periods of gestation on the prevalence of obstructive airways disease and atopy. (bmj.com)
  • The prevalence of obstructive airways disease was increased in people exposed to famine in mid gestation (odds ratio adjusted for sex 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1 to 2.6) and tended to be higher in those exposed in early gestation (odds ratio 1.5, 95% CI 0.9 to 2.6). (bmj.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS The observed increase in the prevalence of obstructive airways disease in people exposed to famine in mid and early gestation was not parallelled by effects on IgE concentrations or lung function. (bmj.com)
  • The link between exposure to famine in mid and early gestation and obstructive airways disease in adulthood suggests that fetal lungs can be permanently affected by nutritional challenges during periods of rapid growth. (bmj.com)
  • A number of studies have shown associations between head size of newborn babies and atopy, and between birth weight and obstructive airways disease. (bmj.com)
  • It is therefore likely that increased concentrations of IgE and obstructive airways disease have origins in utero. (bmj.com)
  • All were ventilator dependent with chronic lung disease. (nih.gov)
  • These results suggest that in infants with early and late chronic lung disease, bronchospasm can be partially alleviated by inhaled bronchodilators. (nih.gov)
  • Effects of regular salmeterol on lung function and exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease. (bmj.com)
  • BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of single and chronic dosing with salmeterol on exercise capacity and lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (bmj.com)
  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is persistent narrowing (blocking, or obstruction) of the airways occurring with emphysema, chronic obstructive bronchitis, or both disorders. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Because ILDs can involve the distal airspaces as well as the interstitium, the terms diffuse lung disease or diffuse infiltrative lung disease have been suggested. (medscape.com)
  • Although this nomenclature may be more accurate than ILD, childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) has become the preferred term. (medscape.com)
  • They are also used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and other respiratory conditions. (acumenresearchandconsulting.com)
  • In recent years, the number of studies on rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) has been increasing, which has led to many publications on this topic. (hindawi.com)
  • Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is an extra-articular manifestation of RA, which occurs frequently in up to 80% of patients with RA. (hindawi.com)
  • The retrieval steps and strategies were as follows: Title = rheumatoid arthritis AND Title = (interstitial lung disease OR interstitial pneumonia) AND Language = English AND Document type = (review OR article) AND Time span =1980 to 2021. (hindawi.com)
  • We will also examine how regenerative failure may contribute to development of aging-related, chronic lung disease. (karger.com)
  • In the general population, spirometric test results showing impaired pulmonary function can indicate lung disease and predict future lung ailments and mortality. (uw.edu)
  • Airway remodeling and destruction is a characteristic finding in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema. (uw.edu)
  • Lung disease is a leading cause of death worldwide1, with incidence increasing at an alarming rate while curative interventions are lacking. (oncoage.org)
  • Research into lung disease lags behind compared to cancer and cardiovascular disease, the other 2 major causes of death2. (oncoage.org)
  • Hence, there is an urgent need to grasp this complexity and propel basic, translational and clinical research in lung disease into a fast-track for the development of precision diagnostics and therapeutics. (oncoage.org)
  • To achieve this, a detailed understanding is required of the cells that make up the lung, their fixed and variable features, their interactions and their organization into macroscopic tissue architecture in health and disease. (oncoage.org)
  • DiscovAIR will establish the first draft of the Human Lung Cell Atlas, focusing on healthy lung, but including small disease cohorts, enabling accelerated translational and clinical research into lung disease. (oncoage.org)
  • The discovAIR results will facilitate progress in regenerative and precision medicine and identify novel candidates for precision diagnostics and curative interventions in lung disease for the diagnostic and pharmacological industry, thereby contributing to healthy ageing and active living in Europe. (oncoage.org)
  • We also chart a radically changed intercellular communication network in disease, revealing a wealth of novel interactions specific to the asthmatic airway wall, that need to be tested for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. (oncoage.org)
  • Importantly, healthy lung tissue is available to a large number of research groups through bronchoscopy programs involving healthy volunteers and patients with lung disease, and from lung transplantation and resection programs. (oncoage.org)
  • Diabetic patients with and without chronic lung disease are at increased risk of respiratory infection. (ersjournals.com)
  • In this context, the identification and targeting of 'treatable traits' is an important priority in airways disease, both to ensure the appropriate use of existing treatments and to facilitate the development of new disease-modifying therapy. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This requires not only better understanding of airway pathophysiology but also an enhanced ability to make physiological measurements of disease activity and lung function and, if we are to impact on the natural history of these diseases, reliable measures in early disease. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In this article, we outline some of the key challenges faced by the respiratory community in the management of airways diseases, including early diagnosis, disease stratification and monitoring of therapeutic response. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These emerging techniques have the potential to enhance existing measures in the assessment of airways diseases, may be particularly valuable in early disease, and should facilitate the efforts to deliver precision respiratory medicine. (ox.ac.uk)
  • People with inflammatory lung disease such as cystic fibrosis are particularly vulnerable to this condition. (nih.gov)
  • Dr. Olivier's experiences in evaluating and managing large patient cohorts enrolled in bronchiectasis and mycobacterial natural history protocols, as well as his efforts to foster research partnerships with industry, have allowed assessment of novel therapeutic approaches for treating refractory NTM lung disease, such aerosolized liposomal amikacin for inhalation. (nih.gov)
  • These findings suggest that a lethal lung disease can be targeted and corrected in a human lung organoid model in vitro . (nature.com)
  • Alveolar type II (ATII) epithelial cells synthesize, secrete and recycle all components of surfactant and dysfunction in surfactant metabolism can result in a variety of pediatric lung diseases including respiratory distress syndrome and interstitial lung disease 3 . (nature.com)
  • This hypothesis "may provide a rationale for understanding why some individuals develop COVID-19 lung disease and others do not. (globaloncologyacademy.org)
  • Our Awards and Grants Program seeks out top-notch researchers at important career crossroads to gain long-term commitment to lung health and disease research. (lung.org)
  • Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality, principally from cardiovascular disease, but the impact of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is unclear. (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 ] Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective therapy and is the most widely used modality in patients with moderate-to-severe disease. (medscape.com)
  • The effect of biologics in lung function and quality of life of patients with united airways disease: A systematic review. (bvsalud.org)
  • COPD, also referred to as emphysema or chronic bronchitis, is a serious lung disease that makes it hard to breathe. (cdc.gov)
  • Lung transplantation remains the only potential curative option at end-stage disease but is severely limited by a lack of suitable donor lungs and low long-term survival. (lu.se)
  • Inhalation of butter flavoring chemical mixtures, including diacetyl, has been associated with severe obstructive lung disease popularly know as "popcorn lung. (cdc.gov)
  • Accurate measurement of diacetyl exposures is likely to be helpful in preventing flavorings-related lung disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Using these simple engineering controls can markedly decrease exposure to diacetyl and butter flavorings and hopefully reduce the risk of flavorings-related lung disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Occupational lung disease can result from inhalational exposure to minerals and dusts, microbes, animal and insect proteins, and chemicals and can have long-lasting effects even after the exposure ceases. (medscape.com)
  • Chemical worker's lung refer to the development of lung disease in the work environment from inhalational exposure to chemicals. (medscape.com)
  • The list of chemicals that has been associated with lung disease continues to increase. (medscape.com)
  • Recurrent exposure can lead to interstitial lung disease and pulmonary vascular pathologies. (medscape.com)
  • Determining the actual prevalence rate of chemical worker's lung is difficult because of low reporting, poor appreciation of symptoms and signs associated with substance exposure, and lack of proper understanding of and diagnostic guidelines for the disease. (medscape.com)
  • Scientists have identified diverse pathways associated with normal lung function, as well as with airflow obstruction and emphysema, by data-mining large-scale genetic information from over 50,000 subjects. (uw.edu)
  • The paper, "Integrated Pathway Genomics of Lung Function and Airflow Obstruction" is featured on the cover of the December issue of the journal. (uw.edu)
  • Cover image in Human Molecular Genetics for the paper, "Integrative Pathway Genomics of Lung Function and Airflow Obstruction. (uw.edu)
  • In the distal lung, glucose transport via sodium-coupled glucose transporters predominates. (ersjournals.com)
  • Current model of the mechanisms controlling glucose concentrations in the surface liquid lining the airway and distal lung epithelium. (ersjournals.com)
  • Although many differentiation protocols in the literature have been successful in mimicking lung development from stem cells, there has not been an examination of how a specific mutation impacts the differentiation process including its effects on the early endoderm, as well as the proximal and distal lung epithelial cell populations in the lung organoids. (nature.com)
  • Distal lung tissue is severely damaged in many lung diseases, causing respiratory insufficiency from loss of surface area available for gas exchange. (lu.se)
  • Conditions that block the airways, damage lung tissue, weaken the muscles that control breathing, or decrease the drive to breathe may cause respiratory failure. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In multiple organs, including the lungs, age-related tissue and organ dysfunction interferes with tissue regeneration, which requires functional stem cells. (karger.com)
  • Stem cells of all organs - including the lung, which harbors distinct stem cells for each separate tissue that makes up the lung as a whole - reside in niches described as a microenvironment that supports and maintains the 'stemness' of cells as a critical reservoir for maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to injury [ 3 ]. (karger.com)
  • In the bronchioles and the large airways throughout the allogeneic lung transplants, inflammation with epithelial necrosis and formation of granulation tissue was present. (rug.nl)
  • Fetal lung fluid (FLF), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL), right mainstem bronchi and peripheral lung tissue were evaluated for inflammation. (edu.au)
  • mRNA expression of early response genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines did not increase in airway tissue or lung tissue at any pressure compared to controls. (edu.au)
  • Fetal lung fluid (FLF), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL), right mainstem bronchi and peripheral lung tissue were evaluated for inflammation.ResultsRecruitment volume increased from 0.4 +/- 0.04 mL/kg at 4 cmH(2)O to 2.4 +/- 0.3 mL/kg at 16 cmH(2)O. The lambs were surfactant deficient, and all pressures were below the opening inflection pressure on pressure-volume curve. (edu.au)
  • The lungs have a unique blood supply, receiving deoxygenated blood from the heart in the pulmonary circulation for the purposes of receiving oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide, and a separate supply of oxygenated blood to the tissue of the lungs, in the bronchial circulation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The tissue of the lungs can be affected by a number of respiratory diseases, including pneumonia and lung cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • In particular, we need to map lung cells onto the tissue architecture, chart the local cellular neighbourhoods and their alterations in a wider range of diseases, and identify their molecular fingerprints. (oncoage.org)
  • DiscovAIR will move beyond the current state of the art by combining multimodal profiling of lung tissue cells with a detailed spatial mapping of the identified cell states, 3D reconstruction of lung tissue architecture from transcriptionally defined cell states, in-depth molecular phenotyping of local cellular neighbourhoods and development of novel computational approaches to integrate the multimodal data of the spatial and the cellular branches of discovAIR. (oncoage.org)
  • Molecular phenotypes of lung cells are determined by their role in maintaining physical and immunological barrier functions or facilitating gas exchange, as well as by their location within the tissue architecture. (oncoage.org)
  • This combination of a highly ordered tissue architecture - facilitating the implementation of a common coordinate framework - and good community-wide availability of tissue makes lung especially well-suited as a lead organ for the HCA to develop the infrastructure, workflows and platforms needed for a community-driven mapping effort as laid down in the vision of the Human Cell Atlas consortium5. (oncoage.org)
  • Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) in the lungs of rats exposed for 20 days contained germinal centers and mitotic cells suggesting activation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bioengineering lung tissue or bioengineering cells with biomaterials for transplantation is an exciting new approach to (re)generate tissue to close this large unmet clinical need. (lu.se)
  • Overview of Pneumonia Pneumonia is an infection of the small air sacs of the lungs (alveoli) and the tissues around them. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) in childhood are a diverse group of conditions that primarily involve the alveoli and perialveolar tissues, leading to derangement of gas exchange and diffuse infiltrates on radiographs. (medscape.com)
  • Together, the lungs contain approximately 2,400 kilometres (1,500 miles) of airways and 300 to 500 million alveoli. (wikipedia.org)
  • Personalizing mechanical ventilation according to physiologic parameters to stabilize alveoli and minimize ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). (tcavnetwork.org)
  • Fine particulate matter, which is widespread both indoors and outdoors, damages the health of more people than any other air pollutant, through the deposition of particles in smaller airways and alveoli in the lungs and their penetration into the bloodstream. (who.int)
  • Fig. 3: Phagocytosis function of newly formed resident lung alveolar macrophages is altered locally by secondary inflammatory mediators released during infection. (nature.com)
  • Distending Pressure Did Not Activate Acute Phase or Inflammatory Responses in the Airways and Lungs of Fetal, Preterm Lambs. (edu.au)
  • To test if distending pressures will activate acute phase reactants and inflammatory changes in the airways of fetal, preterm lambs. (edu.au)
  • Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is being increasingly used clinically to transition preterm infants at birth.ObjectiveTo test if distending pressures will activate acute phase reactants and inflammatory changes in the airways of fetal, preterm lambs.MethodsThe head and chest of fetal lambs at 128 +/- 1 day GA were surgically exteriorized. (edu.au)
  • yet the mechanisms responsible for connecting the lung-bone inflammatory axis remain unclear. (cdc.gov)
  • IL-6 might be an important link in explaining the lung-bone inflammatory axis. (cdc.gov)
  • Surface activities after 5 min of adsorption were determined in the CBS and correlated to the perinatal data (e.g., gestational age, birth weight, gender), airway interventions (like CPAP, conventional ventilation) and surfactant treatment. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is being increasingly used clinically to transition preterm infants at birth. (edu.au)
  • We now need to chart the cellular makeup of the lung at higher resolution, sampling more locations along the bronchial tree and in the parenchyma. (oncoage.org)
  • Lung function parameters are used as end points in most clinical and therapeutic trials in cystic fibrosis (CF) and to evaluate the effects of airway clearance techniques. (rcjournal.com)
  • Studies evaluating airway clearance in cystic fibrosis commonly use changes in lung function parameters (eg, FEV 1 ) as clinical end points. (rcjournal.com)
  • Overview of Pleural and Mediastinal Disorders The pleura is a thin, transparent, two-layered membrane that covers the lungs and also lines the inside of the chest wall. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a type of respiratory (lung) failure resulting from many different disorders that cause fluid to accumulate in the lungs and oxygen levels in the blood. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Airway stents are used in patients with various respiratory disorders such as tracheobronchial strictures, tumors, and stenosis caused by external compression or inflammation. (acumenresearchandconsulting.com)
  • The American Lung Association is committed to funding COPD research. (lung.org)
  • Some of the current topics American Lung Association funded researchers are investigating include ways to reduce mucus production in COPD, how genes influence the development of cigarette smoke-induced COPD and how to increase adherence to supplemental oxygen therapy in people with COPD. (lung.org)
  • Thanks to the medical breakthroughs led by Lung Association researchers and their colleagues, our researchers have made significant contributions to the field of COPD. (lung.org)
  • Before you can understand COPD, you need to know how your lungs work. (cdc.gov)
  • If you have any symptoms of COPD, your lungs may be trying to tell you something and the time to listen is now. (cdc.gov)
  • The Laboratory of Chronic Airway Infection, led by Dr. Kenneth Olivier, focuses on bronchiectasis, a condition that damages the body's ability to clear mucus from the airways and increases risk of severe lung infections by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), which commonly are found in wet environments such as streams, rivers, and marshes. (nih.gov)
  • Dr. Olivier's research focuses on bronchiectasis , a condition that damages the body's ability to clear mucus from the airways and increases risk of severe lung infections by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), which commonly are found in wet environments such as streams, rivers, and marshes. (nih.gov)
  • During the attack, the lining of the airways becomes swollen or inflamed, and the cells lining the airways make more and thicker mucus than normal. (webmd.com)
  • We conclude that multiple exposures to endotoxin-containing swine barn air induce AHR, increase in mucus-containing airway epithelial cells and lung inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The airways can also become swollen and mucus production might increase, making it even harder to get air in and out of the lungs. (cdc.gov)
  • Introduction: Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are diseases of the airways and lung parenchyma. (who.int)
  • Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are diseases of such as age above 50years, being a smoker, being the respiratory airways and lung parenchyma. (who.int)
  • Workplace exposure to inhaled chemicals can lead to changes in the airway, lung parenchyma, blood vessels, and pleura or a combination of these structures in the lung. (medscape.com)
  • Sometimes most or all of the lung collapses, leading to severe shortness of breath. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In contrast, in the allogeneically transplanted lungs the viral infection caused severe and permanent damage of the airways. (rug.nl)
  • Some people with severe symptoms may need lung transplant surgery when other methods do not help. (denverhealth.org)
  • IU School of Medicine faculty are dedicated to preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), providing interdisciplinary inpatient and outpatient care for patients with severe BPD and caring for patients with airway issues requiring supplemental oxygen or procedures to be safely discharged from the hospital. (iu.edu)
  • Since the mid-1960s, it has been known that there are energy-dependent, sodium-coupled glucose transporter (SGLT) and energy-independent, facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT) pathways for glucose uptake in the lung [ 1 ], and that glucose can permeate the alveolar epithelial barrier [ 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Surfactant is produced by alveolar type II cells which can be differentiated in vitro from patient specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived lung organoids. (nature.com)
  • Lung development is a complicated process that involves the specialization of multiple bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial populations. (nature.com)
  • Alveolar macrophages, or AMs, are the first line of cellular defense in the airways. (medium.com)
  • In the present study, we investigated whether viral infections could induce airway damage in rat lung transplants in the absence or presence of chronic rejection. (rug.nl)
  • Lower molecular weight antigens can induce airway sensititzation without the mediation of IgE. (medscape.com)
  • Pneumonia in Immunocompromised People Pneumonia is infection of the lungs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Medical terms related to the lung often begin with pulmo-, from the Latin pulmonarius (of the lungs) as in pulmonology, or with pneumo- (from Greek πνεύμων "lung") as in pneumonia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Small upper airway aspirates from 159 neonates (gestational age 25-42 weeks) were withdrawn and concentrated 16.7-fold by ultracentrifugation and resuspension in saline. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Determination of surface activity from upper airway aspirates is feasible. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • One would expect to find evidence of the virus in the upper airway if that is how it travels to the lungs. (globaloncologyacademy.org)
  • In immortalised human airway cells (line H441) with 10 mM glucose in the basolateral medium, apical ASL glucose was 0.24±0.07 mM [ 10 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • These data demonstrate that A. alternata proteases act through PAR2 to induce rapid increases in human airway epithelial [Ca 2+ ] i in vitro and cell recruitment in vivo. (arizona.edu)
  • Our proprietary Airways Clinical Research Centers (ACRC) Network is a jewel in the crown of the American Lung Association research program. (lung.org)
  • This study aimed to determine surface activity from small volume aspirates of the upper airways of neonates by means of the CBS and to correlate the results with clinical data. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Because of the underlying lung disorder, the symptoms and outcome are generally worse in secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. (msdmanuals.com)
  • If only a small area of the lung is affected, you may not have symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The severity of lung irritation and respiratory symptoms increases during winter and is also related to the number of working hours [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conclusion: This study demonstrated a high burden of abnormal lung function in patients attending clinics due to chronic respiratory symptoms. (who.int)
  • 4 ings highlight the critical need for spirometry services to identify lung abnormalities in patients with chronic res- piratory symptoms. (who.int)
  • Background/Aims: Patients with chronic airway lung diseases often experience depression and anxiety, but little information is available regarding Koreans with these conditions. (ewha.ac.kr)
  • We thus assessed depression and anxiety in Korean patients with chronic airway lung diseases. (ewha.ac.kr)
  • p = 0.018) were independent risk factors for depression in patients with chronic airway lung diseases. (ewha.ac.kr)
  • An airway stent, also known as a lung stent, is a medical device used to maintain the patency of the airways, including the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles. (acumenresearchandconsulting.com)
  • The lungs are part of the lower respiratory tract that begins at the trachea and branches into the bronchi and bronchioles, and which receive air breathed in via the conducting zone. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this condition, the smallest airways carrying air through the lungs, the bronchioles, are scarred and constricted. (cdc.gov)
  • The lungs stretch from close to the backbone in the rib cage to the front of the chest and downwards from the lower part of the trachea to the diaphragm. (wikipedia.org)
  • The medial surfaces of the lungs face towards the centre of the chest, and lie against the heart, great vessels, and the carina where the trachea divides into the two main bronchi. (wikipedia.org)
  • He found no inflammation in the airway, the trachea, like you would see with other respiratory viruses like influenza. (globaloncologyacademy.org)
  • Airway damage resulting in bronchiolitis obliterans occurs frequently in patients after heart-lung and lung transplantation. (rug.nl)
  • The findings suggest that viral infections and chronic rejection play a synergistic role in the development of bronchiolitis obliterans after human heart-lung and lung transplantation: the virus infection may stimulate chronic rejection and rejection may hamper the local defense against the virus. (rug.nl)
  • In many symptomatic individuals exposed to flavoring who have undergone lung biopsy, an irreversible type of lung damage called constrictive bronchiolitis has been found. (cdc.gov)
  • Tracheitis, acute and chronic bronchitis, and bronchiolitis can result from the airway inflammation. (medscape.com)
  • A bony cage (commonly called the rib cage), which is formed by the sternum, ribs, and spine, protects the lungs and other organs in the chest. (merckmanuals.com)
  • The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in humans and most other animals, including some snails and a small number of fish. (wikipedia.org)
  • After viral infection in these lungs, mild inflammation developed in the airways that was transient and completely resolved by day 56 after infection. (rug.nl)
  • This study shows that a respiratory viral infection aggravates the airway damage in rat lung allografts with chronic rejection. (rug.nl)
  • These rats were killed for histological investigation 4, 7, 21, and 56 days after infection.In the lungs of the noninfected rats of the nontransplanted and syngeneically transplanted groups, airway changes were absent. (rug.nl)
  • Here, we consider a newly identified role for pulmonary glucose transport in maintaining low airway surface liquid (ASL) glucose concentrations and propose that this contributes to lung defence against infection. (ersjournals.com)
  • Understanding of mechanisms underlying lung glucose homeostasis could identify new therapeutic targets for control of ASL glucose and prevention and treatment of lung infection. (ersjournals.com)
  • NTM lung infection treatment currently requires multiple drugs taken for months or even years. (nih.gov)
  • As part of their investigation, the team exposed mice to the influenza virus to determine the cellular and biochemical processes orchestrated by airway-hugging NAMs during infection. (medium.com)
  • It is also indicated to protect the uninvolved lung in the setting of pulmonary hemorrhage or infection, during one-lung lavage, or in the setting of a bronchopleural fistula. (medscape.com)
  • Our understanding of the role of glucose transport in the lung and the mechanisms that regulate glucose movement across the human lung epithelium lags far behind that of the gut and kidney. (ersjournals.com)
  • In embryonic development, the lungs begin to develop as an outpouching of the foregut, a tube which goes on to form the upper part of the digestive system. (wikipedia.org)
  • While much work has focused on the failure of epithelial cell populations as a key component of the aging process, additional studies have shown that aging, as a global phenomenon in the lung, also impacts resident endothelial, mesenchymal, and immune cell populations. (karger.com)
  • In this review, we examine aging as a process dependent on specific changes in molecular pathways within multiple lung cell populations. (karger.com)
  • Here we show the differentiation of patient specific iPSCs derived from a patient with SFTPB deficiency into lung organoids with mesenchymal and epithelial cell populations from both the proximal and distal portions of the human lung. (nature.com)
  • If a perforation develops that causes a connection between the pleural space and the inside of the lungs or outside the chest, air enters the pleural space until the pressures become equal or the connection closes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A collapsed lung happens when air enters the pleural space, the area between the lung and the chest wall. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The aim of this paper is to summarize what is currently seen to be good laboratory practice, and to provide recommendations for both users and manufacturers of infant lung function equipment and software with respect to plethysmographic measurements of lung volume and airway resistance in infants. (ersjournals.com)
  • The mediastinum isolates the left and right lung from each other so that they function as two separate chest cavities. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Lung function was measured in 733 and serum concentrations of total IgE and specific IgE against mite, pollen and cat were measured in 726. (bmj.com)
  • RESULTS Exposure to famine during gestation affected neither the concentrations of total or specific IgE nor lung function values. (bmj.com)
  • The researchers analyzed data from several genome-wide association studies of lung function by using pathway-based computational approaches. (uw.edu)
  • Their work identified a large repertoire of more than one hundred gene sets associated with spirometric measures of lung function. (uw.edu)
  • By grouping functionally similar pathways, the scientists were able to dissect biological processes linked to lung function, such as cell adhesion, movement, proliferation, and signaling, as well as those regulating immunity and development. (uw.edu)
  • There are standard recommendations from the European Respiratory Society (ERS) and the American Thoracic Society (ATS) 2 about lung function tests and how spirometry should be performed. (rcjournal.com)
  • Thus, the time points to perform a lung function test after respiratory physiotherapy are still unclear. (rcjournal.com)
  • When the lungs are formed the fetus is held in the fluid-filled amniotic sac and so they do not function to breathe. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, we tested a hypothesis in a rat model that multiple interrupted exposures to the barn air will cause chronic lung inflammation and decline in lung function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In total, 18 studies reported data on quality of life (mostly 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test score), 8 on lung function (mostly FEV1), and 22 on both outcomes. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study aimed to characterize the common chronic respiratory diseases, along with their lung function and possible determinants in symptomatic patients attending clinics at Bishoftu General Hospital, Ethiopia. (who.int)
  • Lung function was measured by spirometry. (who.int)
  • Classification of lung function revealed 23 (15%) normal, 29 (19%) obstructive, 36(23.5%) restrictive and 61(39.9%) mixed obstructive/ restrictive patterns. (who.int)
  • The main toxic effect of exposure to methyl mercaptan is irritation of the respiratory airway, skin, and eyes. (cdc.gov)
  • Healthy airways and air sacs in the lungs are elastic--they bounce back to their original shape after being filled with air and stretched, just the way a new rubber band or balloon does. (cdc.gov)
  • Natural lung aging is marked by molecular changes that occur during development, maturation, and late-life decline. (karger.com)
  • American Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology , 300 (4), L605-L614. (arizona.edu)
  • American Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology , Vol. 300, No. 4, 01.04.2011, p. (arizona.edu)
  • It is important for interpreting volume-dependent pulmonary mechanics such as airway resistance or forced expiratory flows, and for defining normal lung growth. (ersjournals.com)
  • This method has the further advantage that with suitable adaptations to the equipment, simultaneous measurements of airway resistance can also be obtained. (ersjournals.com)
  • The Global Airway Stent/Lung Stent Market Size accounted for USD 112.6 Million in 2022 and is projected to achieve a market size of USD 204.4 Million by 2032 growing at a CAGR of 6.3% from 2023 to 2032. (acumenresearchandconsulting.com)
  • ODE-induced airway neutrophil influx, cytokine/chemokine release, and lung pathology were not reduced in IL-6 KO animals compared to WT mice. (cdc.gov)
  • Surface activities show a significant correlation to gestational age, birth weight, and the need for airway interventions. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Comparing the need for airway interventions versus surface activity, a receiver operating characteristic calculated a sensitivity of 0.77 and a specificity of 0.72 at a "cut off" of 44 mN/m. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Glucose is removed from ASL in proximal airways via facilitative glucose transporters, down a concentration gradient generated by intracellular glucose metabolism. (ersjournals.com)
  • Normally, the pressure in the pleural space is lower than that inside the lungs or outside the chest. (msdmanuals.com)
  • When there is air in the pleural space, the lung partially collapses. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Pulmonary embolism is the blocking of an artery of the lung (pulmonary artery) by a collection of solid material brought through the bloodstream (embolus)-usually a blood clot (thrombus) or. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A blood clot that goes from the nose down the airway and into the lungs. (snopes.com)
  • A photograph shows a large blood clot removed from a patient's lung. (snopes.com)
  • clamping of the pulmonary artery of the operative lung, and use of extracorporeal support. (medscape.com)
  • A number of occupational lung diseases can be caused by substances such as coal dust, asbestos fibres, and crystalline silica dust. (wikipedia.org)
  • Occupational lung diseases refers to the development of lung diseases from inhalational exposure that occurs at the work place. (medscape.com)
  • Occupational lung cancer can result from exposure to a variety of chemicals used in the manufacturing of pesticides and water and flame repellents. (medscape.com)
  • However the mechanisms of lung dysfunction following repeated exposures to the barn air are still largely unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Lungs from the exposed groups were inflamed as indicated by recruitment of neutrophils in all three exposed groups and eosinophils and an increase in numbers of airway epithelial goblet cells in 5- and 20-day exposure groups. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Collectively, these data show that a single exposure to the barn air initiates acute lung inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • OLV improves surgical exposure and operative conditions during a variety of procedures in the thorax, including lung resections, esophageal surgery, and procedures involving access to the thoracic aorta and the sympathetic chain. (medscape.com)
  • Historically, many anesthesiologists and surgeons have stated a preference for DLTs, on the grounds that these devices yield better lung isolation and therefore improved surgical exposure. (medscape.com)
  • For example, if the chest wall is punctured on one side, causing the lung on that side to collapse, the other lung remains inflated and functioning, because the two lungs are separated by the mediastinum. (merckmanuals.com)
  • A pneumothorax is partial or complete collapse of the lung due to the presence of air between the two layers of pleura (thin, transparent, two-layered membrane that covers the lungs and also lines the inside of the chest wall). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Traumatic Pneumothorax Traumatic pneumothorax occurs when air accumulates between the chest wall and the lung because of an injury. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The pleurae, which are thin, smooth, and moist, serve to reduce friction between the lungs and chest wall during breathing, allowing for easy and effortless movements of the lungs. (wikipedia.org)
  • The right lung is bigger and heavier than the left, which shares space in the chest with the heart. (wikipedia.org)
  • The lungs are located in the chest on either side of the heart in the rib cage. (wikipedia.org)
  • In vitro studies in resistive human lung epithelial cell monolayers grown at an air-liquid interface have supported these in vivo observations. (ersjournals.com)
  • We examined the impact of proteases from A. alternata on lung inflammation in vivo and on cleaving protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR 2 ) in vitro. (arizona.edu)
  • Similarly, in patients who have alternative airway access points (eg, nasal tube or tracheostomy), a BB may be the only feasible option. (medscape.com)
  • The nasal mucosa and airway are the first areas of contact with inhalational exposures to chemicals. (medscape.com)
  • Rapidly increasing senior inhabitants, escalating inclination for minimally invasive techniques, and high occurrences of tobacco smoking are the major factors driving the growth of lung stents market. (acumenresearchandconsulting.com)
  • Finally, we highlight emerging technologies including imaging methods such as quantitative CT and hyperpolarised gas MRI as well as quantification of lung inhomogeneity using precise in-airway gas analysis and mathematical modelling. (ox.ac.uk)