• transitional segment made up of respiratory bronchioles and primary, secondary, and tertiary bronchioles moves air deep into the lungs. (cdc.gov)
  • While assiduous use of respiratory protection has resulted in improvements in pulmonary function compared with historical findings, there are still many firefighters who experience an accelerated rate of decline in lung function, defined as a decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) exceeding 60 ml/yr, averaged over a minimum of 5 years. (cdc.gov)
  • Determining risk factors associated with decline in lung function is critical to the prevention of respiratory impairment including COPD. (cdc.gov)
  • nium-214, deliver to target cells in the respiratory epithelium the energy that is considered to cause radon-associated lung-cancer (NRC 1991). (nationalacademies.org)
  • The Life span and inter-generational respiratory effects of exposures to g reenness and a ir p ollution, Life-GAP, research project is the first such project designed to investigate such a large timespan. (uib.no)
  • Arrighi HM, Hertz-Picciotto I. "Controlling the healthy worker survivor effect, an example of arsenic exposure and respiratory cancer. (osha.gov)
  • Significant inhalation exposure does not occur at room temperature, but respiratory tract irritation is possible when the liquid is heated, agitated, or sprayed. (cdc.gov)
  • Risk factors for asthma include a family history of allergic disease, the presence of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), viral respiratory illnesses , exposure to aeroallergens , cigarette smoke, obesity , and lower socioeconomic status. (medscape.com)
  • Analysis of records for more than 63 million Medicare enrollees from 2000 to 2016 finds long-term exposure to air pollution had a significant impact on the number of people hospitalized for cardiac and respiratory conditions. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Air pollution can cause harm to the cardiovascular and respiratory systems due to its effect on inflammation in the heart and throughout the body. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Since our study found harmful effects at levels below current U.S. standards, air pollution should be considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular and respiratory disease by clinicians, and policy makers should reconsider current standards for air pollutants. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Researchers examined hospitalization records for more than 63 million Medicare enrollees in the contiguous Unites States from 2000 to 2016 to assess how long-term exposure to air pollution impacts hospital admissions for specific cardiovascular and respiratory issues. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A number of challenging pathogens, including Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Zika virus, mycobacteria, respiratory syncytial virus and cytomegalovirus, were found to replicate in the lung implants after inoculation. (nature.com)
  • Exposure to smoke and pollutants during and after a forest fire can have severe implications for respiratory health. (enerex.ca)
  • Over five years, researchers tested the lung function of 950 individuals who came to their clinic with respiratory symptoms. (voanews.com)
  • The results, reported in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine , show that the severity of arsenic's effects depend on the dose. (voanews.com)
  • However, patients exposed to arsenic levels higher than that had a significant loss of lung function - comparable to decades of smoking tobacco - putting them at increased risk of developing serious respiratory disease. (voanews.com)
  • ATS 2012, SAN FRANCISCO - The link between prenatal exposure to air pollution and childhood lung growth and respiratory ailments has been established by several studies in recent years, and now a new study suggests that these prenatal exposures can be especially serious for children with asthma. (eurekalert.org)
  • Researchers at the Perelman School of Medicine have discovered a new type of cell, the respiratory airway secretory cell in the lung, which could help repair damage caused by diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease . (thedp.com)
  • The study was published in Nature , a weekly international journal, and found that when comparing the genomes of the human and mice lungs, humans had a unique type of lung cell called the respiratory airway secretory cells. (thedp.com)
  • currently, largely reflected the prevalence of tuberculosis, pneumonia, lower respiratory tract infections and opportunist lung infections in those with HIV. (who.int)
  • Exposure to peat dust: acute effects on lung function and content of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. (bmj.com)
  • In this study, we used a model of acute radiation injury to the lung, in the context of cancer metastasis, to understand the biological link between tissue damage and cancer progression. (nature.com)
  • Acute exposures can cause lung distress and death. (osha.gov)
  • The committee here discusses some of the issues around smoking bans that are relevant to the evaluation and interpretation of the literature on the effect of bans on the incidence of acute coronary events. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Exposure to secondhand smoke can lead to lung cancer, acute and chronic coronary heart disease (CHD), and eye and nasal irritation in adults. (tobaccoatlas.org)
  • Acute exposure causes marked depletion of antioxidants in plasma 13 , 14 , intracellular GSH in erythrocytes 15 and GSH in ELF 10 , 12 . (ersjournals.com)
  • One 2019 study assessed the effects of common pollutants, such as ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and nitrogen dioxide. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • However, a 2019 study on exposure to PFAS before birth in Norway found no increase in asthma cases. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anxiety and depression status of lung cancer patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) pandemic and the effects of psychological counseling online. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) was one of the leading risk factors for deaths globally in 2019, accounting for approximately 1.3 million deaths and contributing to 37 million Disability-Adjusted life years (DALYs), with 11.2% of the burden in children under the age of 5 years. (tobaccoatlas.org)
  • The short-term health effects of HVO exhaust from modern non-road vehicles (2019), with or without the PM fraction, were investigated in a controlled human exposure chamber study. (lu.se)
  • To further mimic chronic HCMV infection that might occur in immune-suppressed individuals, such as transplant and AIDS patients, BLT-L mice were challenged by multiple exposures to HCMV. (nature.com)
  • This article reviews the presently available experimental and clinical data on the antioxidative effects of N ‐acetylcysteine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (ersjournals.com)
  • COPD is a progressive lung disease that is characterized by chronic inflammation of the lung and results in damage to the alveoli - structures in the lung that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the bloodstream - over time, according to Mayo Clinic . (thedp.com)
  • My hope is that starting to understand more about how [RAS] cells respond to insult will give us insight into the kind of things that we could attempt to target for improving lung function in patients with chronic lung disease," Basil said. (thedp.com)
  • Male 1.5-year-old Fischer 344 ageing rats were exposed to low-level traffic-related air pollution via whole-body exposure system for 3 months with/without high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration (gaseous vs. particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 µm (PM 2.5 ) pollution). (nycu.edu.tw)
  • Air pollution exposure decreased forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in 20 ms (FEV 20 ), and FEF at 25∼75% of FVC (FEF 25-75 ). (nycu.edu.tw)
  • Fusobacteria and Verrucomicrobia at phylum level were increased in lung microbiome by air pollution, whereas increased alpha diversity, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria and decreased Firmicutes at phylum level were occurred in intestinal microbiome. (nycu.edu.tw)
  • The lung microbiome was correlated with intestinal microbiome at several phylum and family levels after air pollution exposure. (nycu.edu.tw)
  • Our results revealed that antibiotics, drugs, and metals in the lung caused lung and intestinal microbiome dysbiosis in ageing rats exposed to air pollution, which may lead to lung function decline. (nycu.edu.tw)
  • Recent results from her research group, however, indicate that also air pollution exposures well below today's recommended limit values may have severe health effects if the exposure lasts over a longer time period or across generations. (uib.no)
  • Do air pollution exposures harm health through extensive long-term effects (during the lifespan and across generations)? (uib.no)
  • Air pollution exposure in a general population is associated with sick leave 20 years later. (uib.no)
  • In a population with relatively low air pollution exposure, exposure 20 years ago may be more important than current exposure and exposure 10 years ago. (uib.no)
  • Even low air pollution levels have adverse health effects over time. (uib.no)
  • Air pollution and pregnancy outcomes: What are the effects? (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • People who live in polluted areas or have exposure to indoor air pollution from toxins such as cigarette smoke have higher rates of negative pregnancy outcomes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • This article also covers how to reduce the effects of pollution. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • For parents with a low income or those from minority groups, other risk factors - such as exposure to racism and lack of access to quality food, good prenatal care, or safe homes - may intensify the effects of air pollution. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Researchers have not yet identified all the potential effects of air pollution. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • There is no way to predict who will or will not experience negative pregnancy outcomes, though experts do currently believe that exposure to air pollution increases the risk. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • One 2018 study established a correlation between exposure to air pollution and stillbirth. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Exposure to air pollution may disrupt a baby's development, causing them to be born unusually small. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Exposure to air pollution correlates with a higher risk of pregnancy-related complications in the parent. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • A study of birth outcomes in Allegheny County, PA, found that exposure to air pollution in the first trimester increased the risk of preeclampsia and high blood pressure. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The findings also support the results of other studies, which have established a link between pollution exposure and low birth weight and preterm labor. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Exposure to air pollution may affect lung development. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Exposure to what is considered low levels of air pollution over a long period of time can increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, atrial fibrillation and pneumonia among people ages 65 and older, according to new research published today in the American Heart Association's flagship journal Circulation . (sciencedaily.com)
  • Newer studies on the impact of air pollution on health are focused on understanding the potential harm caused by long-term exposure and are researching the effects of multiple air pollutants simultaneously. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The study was conducted as part of the Fresno Asthmatic Children's Environment Study (FACES) - Lifetime Exposure initiative, which examines the influence of prenatal exposure to a number of ambient air pollutants on the growth of lung function during childhood and teen years in a high pollution area. (eurekalert.org)
  • To determine prenatal exposure levels to pollution, the mothers' residences during pregnancy were geocoded and pollutant concentrations were obtained from the Aerometric Information Retrieval System supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).Monthly average pollutant concentrations were assigned from 24-hour averages obtained at a central site monitor and summaries of the entire pregnancy and each trimester were calculated. (eurekalert.org)
  • This finding adds to the evidence that current air pollution levels continue to have adverse effects on human health," Dr. Padula said. (eurekalert.org)
  • Few studies have examined prenatal exposure to air pollution and subsequent lung function in childhood. (eurekalert.org)
  • Exposure To Air Pollution During Pregnancy And Pulmonary Function Growth In The FACES LiTE Cohort" (Session A49, Sunday, May 20, 2012: 8:15 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. (eurekalert.org)
  • Due to the many adverse effects linked to aerosol air pollution, measures need to be taken to reduce the particle exposures in environmental and occupational settings. (lu.se)
  • Long-term studies of this population have brought to light specific adverse effects of treatment, which are often present years after treatment and thus are termed late effects. (medscape.com)
  • Those with preexisting lung conditions, such as asthma or COPD, are at an increased risk of experiencing adverse effects from the smoke. (enerex.ca)
  • Fibrosis and diffuse interstitial lung disease. (who.int)
  • The fibrous shape and biopersistence of multi-walled carbon nanotube s (MWCNT) have raised concern over their potential toxicity after pulmonary exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • This study identified that the novel computational model was sufficient to determine biological processes strongly associated with the pathology of lung inflammation and fibrosis and could identify potential toxicity signaling pathways and mechanisms of MWCNT exposure which could be used for future animal studies to support human risk assessment and intervention efforts. (cdc.gov)
  • Ingestion of ethylene glycol leads to systemic toxicity beginning with CNS effects, followed by cardiopulmonary effects, and finally renal failure. (cdc.gov)
  • Lung neoplasms--epidemiology. (who.int)
  • 7. Costei AM, Kozer E, Ho T, Ito S, Koren G. Perinatal outcome following third trimester exposure to paroxetine. (ac.ir)
  • similar exposures during the third trimester were associated with lower PEF and FEF growth among boys. (eurekalert.org)
  • Some evidence exists that prolonged or repeated exposures to nitrogen mustards cause leukemia in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Differences between the lung cells of mice - which are commonly used in research - and humans have resulted in COPD's mechanisms being relatively poorly understood, according to Penn Medicine . (thedp.com)
  • Asbestos causes scarring of lung tissue and inflammation leading to asbestosis . (braytonlaw.com)
  • Using a novel computational model employing non-negative matrix factorization and Monte Carlo Markov Chain simulation, significant biological processes with expression similar to MWCNT-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis pathology data in mice were identified. (cdc.gov)
  • Parallel treatment of CUM or CAF along with exposure to WPS showed less inflammation, less vacuolized, and more inflated alveoli, less deteriorations in cortex part of kidney, and less disintegration of cardiac myofibers in comparison to waterpipe only. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • This rare lung disease causes scar tissue and inflammation in the small airways, which eventually makes it difficult to breathe. (cbia.com)
  • When they get lodged in the lungs they cause irritation and inflammation. (mesotheliomalegalreview.com)
  • The subjects included in the present study were patients with pathologically confirmed lung cancer who were required to be followed-up at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wuxi Third People's Hospital or hospitalized for chemotherapy from February to March, 2020. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Typically, signs and symptoms of nitrogen mustard exposure do not occur immediately. (cdc.gov)
  • Depending on the severity of the exposure, symptoms may not occur for several hours. (cdc.gov)
  • Those with short exposures may have temporary headaches or other mild nervous system symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)
  • People with lung cancer may worry about being blamed for their symptoms and delay seeking diagnosis or care. (healthline.com)
  • The symptoms of lung oedema often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed and they are aggravated by physical effort. (ilo.org)
  • The antioxidant N ‐acetylcysteine, a glutathione precursor, has been applied in these patients in order to reduce symptoms, exacerbations and the accelerated lung function decline. (ersjournals.com)
  • If you have been exposed to asbestos and are experiencing symptoms related to lung cancer, consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. (mesotheliomalegalreview.com)
  • However, the subjects experienced an increase in self-rated mild irritation symptoms, and a mild decrease in nasal patency after both the particle-laden and the particle-free HVO exposure. (lu.se)
  • There is a need to better understand synergism in the biological effects of particles composed of multiple substances. (rti.org)
  • Cultured A549 human lung epithelial cells were exposed to (1) carbon black nanoparticles alone, (2) Fe2O3 nanoparticles alone, and (3) both types of particles simultaneously. (rti.org)
  • Co-exposure to carbon black and Fe2O3 particles causes a synergistic oxidative effect that is significantly greater than the additive effects of exposures to either particle type alone. (rti.org)
  • The smoke from these fires can contain harmful particles and gases that can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat, and ultimately, damage lung health. (enerex.ca)
  • In this study, we found that prenatal exposures to airborne particles and the pollutant nitrogen dioxide adversely affect pulmonary function growth among asthmatic children between 6 and 15 years of age," said study lead author Amy Padula, PhD, post-doctoral fellow at the University of California, Berkeley. (eurekalert.org)
  • For example, beta particles, gamma rays, and x-rays have a RWF of 1.0, making their effects on tissue largely equivalent. (medscape.com)
  • Alpha particles, however, have a RWF of 20, which indicates a biologic effect that is potentially 20 times greater than that of beta particles, gamma rays, or x-rays. (medscape.com)
  • Structural changes to essential components of the lung are caused by oxidative stress, contributing to irreversible damage of both parenchyma and airway walls. (ersjournals.com)
  • In addition, oxidative stress results in alterations in the local immune response, increasing the risk of infections and exacerbations, which, in turn, may accelerate lung function decline. (ersjournals.com)
  • Data from in vitro , ex vivo and in vivo studies indicate two sorts of effect of oxidative stress relevant to COPD. (ersjournals.com)
  • Several reviews have summarised the available data on the presence (table 1 ⇓ ) and consequences (table 2 ⇓ ) of oxidative stress in the lungs of "healthy" smokers and smokers with COPD 1 - 5 , 9 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that oxidative stress may cause alterations in essential components of the lung, contributing to pathological abnormalities and functional changes (table 2 ⇑ ) 6 , 7 . (ersjournals.com)
  • These measurements were used to estimate the excess lung cancer mortality risk associated with ETS exposure for a 40 year working life, using the formula developed by Repace and Lowrey. (nih.gov)
  • Excess lung cancer mortality risk associated with ETS exposure was higher than 145 deaths per 100,000 workers in all places studied, except for cafeterias in hospitals, where excess lung cancer mortality risk was 22 per 100,000. (nih.gov)
  • Hospitality workers are exposed to ETS levels related to a very high excess lung cancer mortality risk. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, lung cancer has the characteristics of a high mortality rate and thus, regular reviewing of the disease and treatment updates are required. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The present article reviews the available experimental and clinical data on the antioxidative effects of NAC in relation to COPD. (ersjournals.com)
  • The researchers noticed that disruption of RAS cells impairs lung functions in a similar way to how COPD affects the lungs, providing a possible treatment pathway. (thedp.com)
  • The researchers hope that this newly discovered RAS-to-AT2 pathway can further the understanding of COPD's disease mechanisms and potentially result in new ways to treat COPD that can improve lung function, expanding upon current treatments, like anti-inflammatory drugs and oxygen therapy. (thedp.com)
  • To study exposure to environmental tobacco smoke during the first year of life, 220 infants attending the outpatient paediatric clinic of the University of Jordan for routine visits with their mothers were recruited to the study. (who.int)
  • Recommendations are made to protect this vulnerable population from tobacco smoke exposure. (who.int)
  • Infant and early childhood exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is well recognized as a health hazard [1]. (who.int)
  • Compared to adults, infants are more susceptible to the damaging effects of environmental tobacco smoke. (who.int)
  • More comprehensive reviews of the history of smoking bans and the scientific evidence and societal forces for and against them can be found in The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General (HHS, 2006) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report Ending the Tobacco Problem: A Blueprint for the Nation (IOM, 2007). (nationalacademies.org)
  • These effects are dependent on the time course of exposure to tobacco smoke. (ersjournals.com)
  • Upper Hutt City Council smokefree parks for exposure to tobacco smoke. (who.int)
  • Reducing biomarker of tobacco smoke exposure. (who.int)
  • The result is the formation of scar tissue in the lungs, reducing the lung's ability to deliver oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide. (braytonlaw.com)
  • Radiotherapy is one of the most effective approaches to achieve tumor control in cancer patients, although healthy tissue injury due to off-target radiation exposure can occur. (nature.com)
  • We exposed healthy mouse lung tissue to radiation before the induction of metastasis and observed a strong enhancement of cancer cell growth. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 1: Radiation exposure in healthy lung tissue enhances metastasis. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 4: Radiation-primed neutrophils perturb the lung tissue environment. (nature.com)
  • Mice implanted with human lung tissue model pathogen infection and immune responses. (nature.com)
  • Lung tissue harbors various cell types that are involved in the infection and immunity of many human pathogens, and it could be an ideal source for humanizing mouse models. (nature.com)
  • Pursuing this line, Wahl, J. Victor Garcia and colleagues created lung-only mice (LoM) by implanting human lung tissue subcutaneously into the backs of immunodeficient mice. (nature.com)
  • To further model human immunity against pathogens in vivo, the team created a second model, BLT-L mice, by implanting autologous bone marrow-liver-thymus tissue and lung tissue into the immunodeficient mice. (nature.com)
  • When mesothelioma spreads to the lung tissue, it is called secondary lung cancer, but it is not the same type of cancer as primary lung cancer which initially develops in the actual lung tissue. (mesotheliomalegalreview.com)
  • However, different tissues can have different absorbed doses and, therefore, unequal biologic effects, depending on the tissue and the source of radiation. (medscape.com)
  • If severe, these effects could lead to death. (cdc.gov)
  • Patients with lung cancer are more likely to develop severe adverse conditions following infection with SARS-CoV-2 due to low immunity and the presence of lung lesions. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • A severe exposure can cause unconsciousness. (ccohs.ca)
  • May be drawn into the lungs if swallowed or vomited, causing severe lung damage. (ccohs.ca)
  • Some workers who breathe diacetyl on the job have become disabled or have died from severe lung disease. (osha.gov)
  • Short-term exposure to HVO exhaust below the EU OELs did not cause severe pulmonary function changes in healthy subjects. (lu.se)
  • In 2022, the American Cancer Society estimated that 236,740 new cases of lung cancer will be diagnosed in the United States (118,830 in women and 117,910 in men), and 130,180 people will die from the disease. (msdmanuals.com)
  • conclusions: We conclude that profile regression is a powerful tool for identifying risk profiles that express the joint effect of etiologically relevant variables in multifactorial diseases. (ox.ac.uk)
  • They considered three types of studies, including those that reported individuals with lung disease, those that calculated death rates from lung diseases, and those that collected information from study participants at one point in time, known as cross-sectional studies. (cbia.com)
  • NIEHS research uses state-of-the-art science and technology to investigate the interplay between environmental exposures, human biology, genetics, and common diseases to help prevent disease and improve human health. (nih.gov)
  • [ 7 ] Using a cross-sectional design, the authors compared children living on farms to those in a reference group with respect to the prevalence of asthma and to the diversity of microbial exposure. (medscape.com)
  • A 2017 study of Faroese children found that PFAS exposure had associations with increased rates of asthma in those who had not received a measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • This analysis adds to the evidence that maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants can have persistent effects on lung function development in children with asthma. (eurekalert.org)
  • Reports have linked work-related styrene exposure to asthma and an irreversible lung disease known as obliterative bronchiolitis. (cbia.com)
  • To understand whether work-related exposure to styrene increases the risk of asthma and obliterative bronchiolitis, NIOSH investigators analyzed 55 published studies and two additional unpublished case reports, according to their paper published in the American Journal of Industrial Medicine . (cbia.com)
  • They found 10 cases of obliterative bronchiolitis and eight cases of asthma, with each having had substantial styrene exposure. (cbia.com)
  • Overall, they found 10 cases of obliterative bronchiolitis and eight cases of asthma, with each case having had substantial exposure to styrene. (cbia.com)
  • These findings suggest a relationship between styrene exposure at work and developing asthma and obliterative bronchiolitis. (cbia.com)
  • Whether you are a patient living with lung disease or a caregiver, join the Patient & Caregiver Network for timely education, support and connection. (lung.org)
  • State of the art in occupational health, the relationship between private practice and occupational medicine, and the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) and NIOSH Technical Information Center (NIOSHTIC) information systems were discussed. (cdc.gov)
  • Identifies and discusses agents, substances, mixtures, or exposure circumstances that may pose a health hazard due to their carcinogenicity. (osha.gov)
  • The risk of contracting lung cancer is greater in people who are exposed to these substances and who also smoke cigarettes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • results: Profile regression strengthened previous observations in other study populations on the role of air pollutants, particularly particulate matter ≤ 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), in lung cancer for nonsmokers. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The risks for heart attacks, strokes, atrial fibrillation and flutter, and pneumonia were associated with long-term exposure to particulate matter. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Using hundreds of predictors, including meteorological values, satellite measurements and land use to estimate daily levels of pollutants, researchers calculated the study participants' exposure to the pollutants based upon their residential zip code. (sciencedaily.com)
  • 9. Oberlander TF, Warburton W, Misri S, Aghajanian J, Hertzman C. Neonatal outcomes after prenatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants and maternal depression using population-based linked health data. (ac.ir)
  • Click on a substance to go to the health effects chapter in the toxicological profile. (cdc.gov)
  • Then, search on any target organ system to find the health effects information on that system. (cdc.gov)
  • The following links point to PDFs containing the information defining the health effects of the selected substance. (cdc.gov)
  • Listed below are the health effects where there is sufficient evidence for causation in people exposed occupationally or environmentally to the chemicals detected in the drinking water at Camp Lejeune. (cdc.gov)
  • Listed below are the health effects where the evidence is sufficient to conclude that a causal relationship is at least as likely as not, but not sufficient to conclude that a causal relationship exists ("equipoise and above") in people exposed occupationally or environmentally to the chemicals detected in the drinking water at Camp Lejeune. (cdc.gov)
  • Additionally, listed below are other health effects that have been linked to TCE, PCE, benzene, and/or vinyl chloride in populations other than Camp Lejeune who worked with and/or drank water contaminated with these chemicals. (cdc.gov)
  • These links are based on studies with positive associations between exposures to these chemicals and development of health effects. (cdc.gov)
  • Adverse health effects caused by nitrogen mustards depend on the amount of nitrogen mustard to which people are exposed, the route of exposure, and the length of time that people are exposed. (cdc.gov)
  • What are the health effects of exposure to greenness? (uib.no)
  • Other health effects are possible that we don't yet know about. (kidshealth.org)
  • The following references provide information about the hazards and health effects associated with arsenic. (osha.gov)
  • Provides exposure risks, exposure limits, and health effects for arsenic. (osha.gov)
  • Discusses the health effects of arsenic, inorganic. (osha.gov)
  • The first surgeon general's report on the adverse health effects of smoking was published in 1964 (HHS, 1964). (nationalacademies.org)
  • NIOSH recommends a styrene exposure limit of 50 ppm, or parts per million, over an eight-hour workday to prevent adverse health effects. (cbia.com)
  • What are the potential health effects of benzene? (ccohs.ca)
  • Cigarette smoke is a major source of oxidants, e.g. free radicals, including semiquinone and hydroxyl radicals, nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide, in the lungs 3 . (ersjournals.com)
  • It is often caused by long-term exposure to cigarette smoke or other irritating gases or fumes. (thedp.com)
  • Asbestos workers who are also smokers are 50 to 90 times more likely to develop lung cancer than non-smokers who are not exposed to asbestos. (mesotheliomalegalreview.com)
  • Still, some heavy smokers do not develop lung cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In people who quit smoking, the risk of developing lung cancer decreases, but former smokers continue to have a higher risk of developing lung cancer than people who never smoked. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Neonatal signs after late in utero exposure to serotonin reuptake inhibitors: literature review and implications for clinical applications. (ac.ir)
  • Detectable saliva cotinine levels in 8/20 mothers of neonates (1-2 days old) suggested in utero exposure. (who.int)
  • This happened because they assumed that they weren't at risk for lung cancer due to stigma around the condition. (healthline.com)
  • In a large collaborative study, we screened 31,567 asymptomatic persons at risk for lung cancer using low-dose CT from 1993 through 2005, and from 1994 through 2005, 27,456 repeated screenings were performed 7 to 18 months after the previous screening. (nih.gov)
  • Understanding factors associated with increased loss of lung function should help determine the best means of prevention. (cdc.gov)
  • Screening resulted in a diagnosis of lung cancer in 484 participants. (nih.gov)
  • and early diagnosis of lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Among girls, exposure to nitrogen dioxide during the first trimester was associated with lower FEV1 growth and exposure to nitrogen dioxide during the second trimester was associated with lower FEF growth. (eurekalert.org)
  • Lung, heart, and kidney were isolated and processed for light microscopy technique. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • According to developmental changes in kidney, heart and lung, fluoxetine affects neonatal growth during pregnancy, which may lead to delay of some organs growth. (ac.ir)
  • However, according to a 2020 review , previous studies have found that exposure to PFAS has associations with kidney cancer and testicular cancer. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Preterm labor increases the risk of other problems, such as low birth weight, underdeveloped lungs in the baby, and death of the baby during or shortly after birth. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • It is unknown whether marijuana smoking increases the risk of lung cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The effect on lung function in non-asthmatic peat workers was, however, small. (bmj.com)
  • Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with decline in lung function in firefighters. (cdc.gov)
  • Our study objectives were to assess the evidence for genetic involvement in the rate of lung function decline in a population of firefighters. (cdc.gov)
  • Lastly, multiple linear regression models were run to evaluate the relationship between slope and each SNP separately after adjusting for other variables related to decline in lung function and potential confounders. (cdc.gov)
  • These results suggest that IL-1a 3953, TNF- -238 and -308, and IL-1RA 2018 variants may influence individual susceptibility for accelerated decline in lung function in firefighters. (cdc.gov)
  • Future studies in firefighters have been proposed to evaluate the interaction between exposure to products of combustion and genetic polymorphisms in relation to decline in lung function. (cdc.gov)
  • Lung function decline was correlated with increasing antibiotics, drugs, and metals in lungs as well as lung and intestinal microbiome dysbiosis. (nycu.edu.tw)
  • The association between systemic anticholinergics and lung function has not been reported. (lu.se)
  • The aim of this study was to investigate if exposure to systemic anticholinergics influences lung function in older adults. (lu.se)
  • A novel association between new use of medicines with systemic anticholinergic properties and accelerated decrease in lung function in older adults was found. (lu.se)
  • A new study confirms that even low exposure to the toxic element in drinking water can impair lung function. (voanews.com)
  • To calculate lung function growth, which is determined primarily by changes in lung capacity as a child grows, the researchers used spirometry, a technique which measures the volume and speed of air as it is exhaled from the lungs. (eurekalert.org)
  • At the conclusion of the study, the researchers found that exposure to nitrogen dioxideduring the first and second trimesters was associated with lower pulmonary function growth in both girls and boys in childhood. (eurekalert.org)
  • Theoretically, this might increase the risk of infections and exacerbations, which, in turn, may accelerate lung function decline 8 , although there are no data to support this contention. (ersjournals.com)
  • Darby Dockery, a 37-year-old mother, and her husband were both contracted workers at the plant, but Darby says while she was on the job a hazardous chemical exposure left her struggling to stay alive with lungs that hardly function on their own now. (whnt.com)
  • This study aims to evaluate the chemopreventive activity of two antioxidants (curcumin [CUM] and caffeic acid [CAF]), focusing on how these antioxidants could reduce cytotoxicity induced by short term secondhand exposure of waterpipe tobacco smoking. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • There is no safe level of exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) from combustible tobacco products. (tobaccoatlas.org)
  • Evidence shows persistent disparities in secondhand smoke exposure by ethnicity, education, and income level. (tobaccoatlas.org)
  • risk in relation to active cigarette smoking and young adults in Ukraine: a cross-sectional household exposure to secondhand cigarette study. (who.int)
  • In addition, co-exposure induced significant lipid peroxidation, although exposure to either particle type alone did not. (rti.org)
  • We also evaluated the effect of using an aftertreatment system consisting of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and a diesel particle filter (DPF) on the exhaust emissions. (lu.se)
  • Protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and cellular uptake of Fe in these cells were measured after 25 hours of exposure. (rti.org)
  • In summary, the lungs place oxygen from the air into the blood and send carbon dioxide and water back into the air. (cdc.gov)
  • Propane takes the place of oxygen in the lungs. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Arsenic exposure in the workplace occurs through inhalation, ingestion, dermal or eye contact. (osha.gov)
  • Ingestion is the most important exposure route. (cdc.gov)
  • Ethylene glycol is rapidly absorbed following ingestion, which is the predominant route of exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • In 2000, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) investigated diacetyl exposure at a microwave popcorn plant after a group of former employees developed the condition. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Since the report, NIOSH has established limits on how much exposure to diacetyl individuals can have through inhalation at work, but these regulations do not cover other types of exposure. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Exposure to diacetyl from making microwave popcorn at home is far lower than the exposure someone would have working in a popcorn manufacturing plant. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • It is alarming that workers continue to be at risk of dying from exposure to diacetyl and diacetyl substitutes," said Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health Dr. David Michaels. (osha.gov)
  • Currently, OSHA has permissible exposure limits (PEL) for some diacetyl substitutes, however most flavorings do not have PELs. (osha.gov)
  • For more safety and health information on diacetyl and other food flavorings, visit OSHA's Safety and Health Topics page on Lung Disease Related to Butter Flavorings Exposure . (osha.gov)
  • OSHA's Safety and Health Information Bulletin and companion Worker Alert recommend engineering and work practice controls for regulating diacetyl and diacetyl substitute exposures in the workplace. (osha.gov)
  • Stroke, coma, or death may occur with long-term exposure. (medlineplus.gov)
  • There was an increased risk of stroke and atrial fibrillation associated with long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Those studies and several epidemiologic findings before them, continue to support the implementation of regulatory programs to reduce exposures of underground miners to radon and to provide compensation for occupational lung-cancer (Samet 1992). (nationalacademies.org)
  • objectives: We applied profile regression to a case-control study of lung cancer in nonsmokers, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, to estimate the combined effect of environmental carcinogens and to explore possible gene- environment interactions. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Environmental exposure. (who.int)
  • Exposure to nitrogen mustard liquid is more likely to produce second- and third- degree burns and later scarring than is exposure to nitrogen mustard vapor. (cdc.gov)
  • Prolonged or repeated exposures to nitrogen mustards have caused cancer in animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Because no antidote exists for nitrogen mustard exposure, the best thing to do is avoid it. (cdc.gov)
  • Quickly moving to an area where fresh air is available is highly effective in reducing the possibility of death from exposure to nitrogen mustard. (cdc.gov)
  • Covariates including living on a main road, exposure to PM10 and nitrogen dioxide, and carrying out manual work characterized high-risk subject profiles. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Among boys, nitrogen dioxide exposure during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy was associated with lower FVC growth. (eurekalert.org)
  • A non-smoker who was exposed to asbestos is five times more likely to develop lung cancer than a non-smoker who was not exposed to asbestos. (mesotheliomalegalreview.com)
  • About 15 to 20% of people who develop lung cancer have never smoked or have smoked only minimally. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In these people, the reason why they develop lung cancer is unknown, but certain genetic mutations may be responsible. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In 1879, Harting and Hesse (1879) described autopsy findings that documented pulmonary malignancy in miners in that region and by early in the 20th century the malignancy was shown to be primary carcinoma of the lung (Arnstein 1913). (nationalacademies.org)
  • The most common types of non-small cell lung cancer are squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sometimes called oat cell carcinoma, this cancer accounts for about 15% of all lung cancers. (msdmanuals.com)
  • however, asbestos pleural disease occurs in the thin lining between the lungs and chest wall known as the pleura, rather than within the lungs themselves. (braytonlaw.com)
  • Individuals diagnosed with asbestosis and asbestos pleural plaques are also at significant risk for developing asbestos-caused lung cancer and mesothelioma, a fatal form of asbestos cancer. (braytonlaw.com)
  • The asbestos-lung cancer connection can be a little confusing because pleural mesothelioma, which is cancer of the lining of the lungs, is often referred to as "asbestos lung cancer. (mesotheliomalegalreview.com)
  • Primary lung cancer can start in the airways that branch off the trachea to supply the lungs (the bronchi) or in the small air sacs of the lung (the alveoli). (msdmanuals.com)