Lumbar VertebraeSpinePainBone DensitySpinal DiseasesLow Back PainBack PainChronic PainPain ManagementLumbosacral RegionAbsorptiometry, PhotonIntervertebral DiscFemur NeckSpinal FusionThoracic VertebraePain ThresholdOsteoporosisPain MeasurementPain, PostoperativeZygapophyseal JointIntervertebral Disc DisplacementSpinal FracturesSpinal InjuriesNeck PainOsteoporosis, PostmenopausalSpinal StenosisCervical VertebraeBone Diseases, MetabolicSpondylolisthesisAbdominal PainPain, IntractableIntervertebral Disc DegenerationHipPelvic PainPain PerceptionLordosisLaminectomyRange of Motion, ArticularFacial PainAcute PainPain, ReferredSpinal OsteophytosisWeight-BearingSpinal NeoplasmsSpinal CanalBiomechanical PhenomenaSacrumOsteoarthritis, SpineSpondylolysisBone Density Conservation AgentsBone ScrewsRadiusLigamentum FlavumRadiculopathyBone and BonesTotal Disc ReplacementFractures, BoneTreatment OutcomeMagnetic Resonance ImagingShoulder PainInternal FixatorsDecompression, SurgicalOrthopedic ProceduresFemurDiskectomyOrthopedic Fixation DevicesMusculoskeletal PainEpidural SpaceCadaverSpondylosisAlendronateRadiographyDura MaterKyphosisTomography, X-Ray ComputedSpinal CurvaturesScoliosisSpondylitisBone RemodelingSpinal Cord CompressionDendritesPostureHip JointProspective StudiesSpinal Nerve RootsEtidronic AcidOsteocalcinModels, AnatomicIliumSynovial CystAnalgesicsSpondylitis, AnkylosingPelvisPostmenopauseFollow-Up StudiesTuberculosis, SpinalSciaticaManipulation, SpinalDisability EvaluationPolyradiculopathy