These results provide strong evidence suggesting that MAP2c and tau stabilize microtubules by binding along individual protofilaments, possibly by bridging the tubulin interfaces. (rupress.org)
Microtubules assemble by lateral association of protofilaments generated from head to tail polymerization of αβ tubulin dimers. (rupress.org)
While it is known that single-stranded tubulin protofilaments form into 13 stranded microtubules, the multistranded structure of the FtsZ-containing Z-ring is not known. (wikipedia.org)
Protofilaments consist of a-,ß-tubulin heterodimers longitudinally arranged. (harvard.edu)
Tubulin: straight subunits = T vs curved subunits = R). The local interactions made by the nucleotide gamma phosphate chemically enhance the affinity of the longitudinal association interface, rather than inducing large structural changes. (csic.es)
Tubulin makes additional lateral contacts with neighbor protofilaments in microtubules. (csic.es)
Classic studies using video-enhanced differen- assembly of linear protofilaments formed through the tial interference contrast microscopy to measure growth head-to-tail association of tubulin dimers (1). (nih.gov)
Lateral rates of single microtubules at different soluble tubulin association of protofilaments forms the hollow cylin- concentrations provided estimates of tubulin kOn and drical microtubule. (nih.gov)
Multiple protofilaments can lateral bonds (between dimers in neighboring proto- create different arrangements that can give rise to dif- filaments) corresponding to progressively lower kOff ferent association and dissociation kinetics of tubulin values. (nih.gov)
Microtubules3
Comparing these maps with an undecorated microtubule map revealed additional densities along protofilament ridges on the microtubule exterior, indicating that MAP2c and tau form an ordered structure when they bind microtubules. (rupress.org)
MTs (microtubules) are long hollow cylindrical objects made up of 12 to 17 protofilaments under in vitro conditions, and typically of 13 protofilaments in vivo. (harvard.edu)
Unlike actin, which con- filament lattice may involve several scenarios such as sists of two helical strands, microtubules are typically breakage of one longitudinal bond (between two di- formed by 13 protofilaments that can grow indepen- mers in a protofilament) or additionally one or two dently from each other. (nih.gov)
Microtubule1
Their dynamic protofilaments at the tip, essentially providing only behavior is crucial for cells to divide, differentiate, and one-dimensional information about microtubule migrate. (nih.gov)
FtsZ1
Nevertheless, recent work with purified FtsZ on supported lipid bilayers as well as imaging FtsZ in living bacterial cells revealed that FtsZ protofilaments have polarity and move in one direction by treadmilling (see also below). (wikipedia.org)
Head to tail1
Tubulins assemble head to tail into polar protofilaments with a 4 nm axial spacing between subunits that coalesce into different types of polymers, forming characteristic subcellular structures such as spindles or division rings. (csic.es)
Association1
Switching from the R to the T state is coupled to the formation of a tight longitudinal association interface between consecutive subunits in the filament, rather than to the nucleotide state by itself. (csic.es)
Assembly1
Assembly involves the formation of a subunit-subunit interface where the GTP-binding domain of one subunit in a protofilament interacts with the GTPase activation domain of the next subunit, which complements the GTP pocket and induces GTP hydrolysis, which triggers disassembly. (csic.es)