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Chromatography, High Pressure LiquidGelsChromatography, LiquidChromatography, AffinityChromatography, GelChromatography, GasChromatographyChromatography, Ion ExchangeChromatography, Thin LayerIonic LiquidsMass SpectrometryMolecular Sequence DataLiquid CrystalsChromatography, DEAE-CelluloseMolecular WeightKineticsGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAmino Acid SequenceMolecular StructureElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelElectrophoresis, Gel, Two-DimensionalTandem Mass SpectrometryChromatography, AgaroseHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationChromatography, Reverse-PhaseSpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationSpectrophotometry, UltravioletMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopySubstrate SpecificityPlant ExtractsAmino AcidsStructure-Activity RelationshipChromatography, PaperVolatile Organic CompoundsSulfur CompoundsStereoisomerismEscherichia coliChemistryIndicators and ReagentsChemical PhenomenaIsoelectric FocusingElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldDrug StabilityElectrophoresis, Agar GelTemperatureSepharoseCattleBase SequenceChemical FractionationLiverProtein BindingPhenolsRabbitsSulfhydryl CompoundsReproducibility of ResultsHydrolysisCell LineReference StandardsCalibrationBinding SitesPeptide FragmentsPeptidesDose-Response Relationship, DrugMethodsOxidation-ReductionBacterial ProteinsRecombinant ProteinsTime FactorsBiotransformationDrug Evaluation, PreclinicalCarbohydratesBiological AssayTrypsinSolventsSolubilityCulture MediaCells, CulturedCarbohydrate SequenceSpecies SpecificityCloning, MolecularGlycosidesBiphenyl CompoundsVolatilizationMethanolInhibitory Concentration 50SwineOligosaccharidesElectrophoresisLimit of DetectionDNASolid Phase ExtractionCountercurrent DistributionAcetonitrilesMicrochemistryGlucosidesMutationChromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic CapillaryPhysicochemical PhenomenaHeterocyclic CompoundsAnti-Bacterial Agents
PermeationThin layer chromatoHPLCSize exclusion chroSilica-gel column chromatographyPaper ChromatographySolventFlash chromatographyElectrophoresisGravity column chromatographyStationaryPreparativeTandem Mass SpectroTypes of chromatographyChromatographicPhenolic compoundsDiode arrayPurifyAdsorptionDetectionExtractionPolymersGallic acidQuantificationProteinsMixturesInfrared spectroscopyInorganicAnalyseHighActive compoundsPesticidesSyntheticTypicallyBenzimidazoleRecrystallizationQuercetinVaporOrganic synthesisSolventsInvolvesSeparation techniqueProcedureParticle sizePolymericModificationCreamsMassIdentificationDeterminationAnalysisChemical compound
Permeation6
  • What is the basic principle for separation in normal phase, reversed phase, ion-exchange and gel permeation chromatography? (majortests.com)
  • Characterization of an oligomeric compound was performed using gel permeation liquid chromatography. (niom.no)
  • Sera and urine from patients with severe uremia and healthy persons were separated by means of gel permeation chromatography on Sephadex G-15 column with N(C 2 H 5 ) 3 -H 2 CO 3 buffer as the eluent. (mssm.edu)
  • For example, molecular size of novel compositions can be assigned based on comparisons of their elution profiles to those of standard molecules when run through gel permeation columns. (aqueroco.com)
  • The samples were analysed using pressurized liquid extraction, silica multilayer column followed by gel permeation chromatography for purification and GC-EI-HRMS for separation and detection. (inrae.fr)
  • GPC/SEC, or gel permeation (size exclusion) chromatography, is often used to determine the molar mass of macromolecules. (tsijournals.com)
Thin layer chromato8
HPLC10
  • The DNPH derivatives are analyzed for parent aldehydes and ketones utilizing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). (astm.org)
  • The determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds, as DNPH derivatives, is similar to that of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A in that it utilizes HPLC with UV detection as the analytical finish. (astm.org)
  • Gas chromatography (GC, GC-MS etc.) is typically applicable to volatile and semi-volatile, thermally stable compounds, whereas liquid chromatography (LC-MS, HPLC etc.) complements GC to provide analysis for medium to low volatility, thermally labile and highly polar compounds. (smithersapex.com)
  • Thioflavin T assays, gel electrophoresis, size exclusion chromatography-high performance liquid chromatography (SEC-HPLC) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were utilized to monitor the rate of α-synuclein fibrillation and the inhibitory effects of the cigarette smoke components. (usf.edu)
  • In this study, we synthesized gallic acid glucoside from dextransucrase, purified the compound by preparative HPLC, and confirmed the synthesis by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The optimum production conditions for gallic acid glucoside were determined by using response surface methodology. (springeropen.com)
  • Evolving to become more recently known as high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC systems work faster and at higher pressures than some other types of liquid chromatography systems, in part because the mobile phase can be introduced under greater pressure than with other techniques. (teledyneisco.com)
  • HPLC can also be used for the preparative purification of compounds, resulting in preparative high performance liquid chromatography systems like the ACCQPrep HP150. (teledyneisco.com)
  • HPLC systems therefore yield faster results and HPLC separation to a superior ability to distinguish between compounds and elute purer results. (teledyneisco.com)
  • High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a common form of liquid chromatography used for a wide range of applications including quantification of cannabinoids. (cannabissciencetech.com)
  • Automated flash chromatography systems include components normally found on more expensive HPLC systems such as a gradient pump, sample injection ports, a UV detector and a fraction collector to collect the eluent. (ijpsr.com)
Size exclusion chro2
Silica-gel column chromatography1
Paper Chromatography15
Solvent10
  • Consider a mixture of acidic and basic compounds dissolved in an organic solvent. (wikipedia.org)
  • The following procedure is typically followed when performing an acid-base extraction for a mixture containing an acidic and/or basic compound: The mixture of compounds is dissolved in a suitable organic solvent, such as dichloromethane or diethyl ether. (wikipedia.org)
  • Separation of dried liquid samples with a liquid solvent and a glass plate covered with a thin layer of silica gel. (majortests.com)
  • This separates liquid samples with a liquid solvent and a column composed of solid beads. (majortests.com)
  • Because we use compressed air to push the solvent through the column, it is called flash column chromatography. (flashcolumns.com)
  • Column chromatography is separated into two categories, depending on how the solvent flows down the column. (ijpsr.com)
  • If the solvent is allowed to flow down the column by gravity, or percolation, it is called gravity column chromatography. (ijpsr.com)
  • If the solvent is forced down the column by positive air pressure, it is called flash chromatography, a "state of the art" method currently used in organic chemistry research laboratories 1 . (ijpsr.com)
  • In flash chromatography however air pressure is used to speed up the flow of solvent, dramatically decreasing the time needed to purify the sample, therefore making the column and running the separation could take less than 10-15 minutes. (ijpsr.com)
  • Flash chromatography differs from the conventional technique in two ways: first, slightly smaller silica gel particles (250-400 mesh) are used, and second, due to restricted flow of solvent caused by the small gel particles, pressurized gas ( ca. 10-15 psi) is used to drive the solvent through the column of stationary phase. (ijpsr.com)
Flash chromatography11
Electrophoresis4
  • Can we replace liquid chromatography with the greener capillary electrophoresis? (edu.au)
  • Historically, ROS targets have been identified by conventional immunological two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometric analyses. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • In addition to high-abundance cytosolic proteins that have been previously identified by 2-D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometric analyses, we are able to identify several low-abundance receptor proteins, mitochondrial proteins involved in glucose and energy metabolism, as well as a series of receptors and tyrosine phosphatases known to be associated with insulin and insulin-like growth factor metabolism and cell-signaling pathways. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern was indistinguishable from that of the isolates of 5 case-patients. (cdc.gov)
Gravity column chromatography1
  • Fractionations of the extract were performed by using gravity column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 as stationary phase. (ui.ac.id)
Stationary15
  • Chromatography is the separation of mixtures into their components as a result of differential distribution of the solutes in order for identification, analyses, purify and/or quantity of the mixture for a mobile medium and for a stationary absorbing medium. (majortests.com)
  • The column itself contains a liquid stationary phase which is absorbed onto the surface of an inert solid. (majortests.com)
  • The silica gel is the stationary phase, TLC uses a thin uniform layer of silica gel or alumina coated onto a piece of glass, metal or rigid plastic. (majortests.com)
  • compounds will adhere to stationary phase w/ diff. (bootcamp.com)
  • The mobile phase is a liquid or gas that flows through the stationary phase by capillary action. (chromatographie-training.de)
  • In this, a special chromatography paper is used in which water is trapped which is the stationary phase. (chromatographie-training.de)
  • In this work, chromatographic separation of lutein extracted from marigold flowers was investigated, using silica gel and mixture of hexane:ethyl acetate as a stationary and a mobile phase, respectively. (engj.org)
  • Bare silica gel is an acceptable stationary phase. (tsijournals.com)
  • The chemical attachment of suitable groups, usually C18 alkyl groups, onto a carrier, primarily silica gel, produces the practically applicable volume of LC stationary phase. (tsijournals.com)
  • The separation of the compounds in the mixture is based on the affinity of each component's molecules for the mobile phase and the stationary phase. (teledyneisco.com)
  • The varied mass of the molecules and their varying propensity to adsorb, or adhere to, the stationary phase causes the compounds to migrate at different speeds. (teledyneisco.com)
  • This is a fluid (liquid or gas) that carries the sample mixture through the stationary phase. (cannabissciencetech.com)
  • In this technique, the stationary phase is a solid, and the mobile phase is a liquid. (cannabissciencetech.com)
  • In TLC, the stationary phase is a thin layer of a solid adsorbent (like silica gel) on a flat surface, and the mobile phase is a liquid. (cannabissciencetech.com)
  • Column chromatography is a separation technique used to separate and purify components from a mixture based on their different interactions with a stationary phase and a mobile phase. (cannabissciencetech.com)
Preparative4
Tandem Mass Spectro3
Types of chromatography1
Chromatographic5
  • 1.5 This test method instructs the user on how to prepare sampling cartridges from commercially available chromatographic grade silica gel cartridges by the application of acidified DNPH to each cartridge. (astm.org)
  • Chromatographic techniques have applications in all industry sectors - whether you need regulatory or legislation-driven testing, assistance with production issues, failure diagnosis or data to support research and development, chromatography can help to provide a solution. (smithersapex.com)
  • The original goals of the project were the development of improved sampling and analytical methods for hydrogen -fluoride (7664393), HCN, and particulate cyanides by replacing liquid impinger samplers with solid sorbent samplers and using an ion chromatographic analytical technique. (cdc.gov)
  • At 35 °C, two separate liquid chromatographic critical ranges were discovered using non-end-capped silica gel C-18 column packing, poly (methyl methacrylate)s (PMMAs), and mixed eluents including acetonitrile (ACN) and toluene. (tsijournals.com)
  • As a consequence, most methods of flash chromatographic application in the literature are developed using silica gel as the separation substrate. (flashcolumns.com)
Phenolic compounds1
  • Dextransucrase catalyzes the synthesis of dextran from sucrose and transfers a glucose unit to other carbohydrates or phenolic compounds via glycosidic linkages (Moon et al. (springeropen.com)
Diode array1
  • High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection system was used for identification and quantification of the monomers in the resin systems. (niom.no)
Purify3
  • It is typically performed during the work-up step following a chemical synthesis to purify crude compounds and results in the product being largely free of acidic or basic impurities. (wikipedia.org)
  • Liquid chromatography is extensively used to purify high value natural compounds because the process results in high purity products. (engj.org)
  • and to develop and purify color compounds, including paints and dyes. (teledyneisco.com)
Adsorption2
  • Moreover, since the separation by chromatography arises from the adsorption of free lutein onto silica gel, thus to better understand the process, a batch adsorption study was carried out to obtain the equilibrium adsorption data. (engj.org)
  • In this approach, the existence of surface adsorption and enthalpic partition as two similar but distinct enthalpic retention mechanisms in high-performance liquid chromatography of polymers was indirectly demonstrated. (tsijournals.com)
Detection5
  • The detection limits have been extended to other carbonyl compounds that can be determined as outlined in Section 10.2.4. (astm.org)
  • Examples of when chromatography is used are in pharmaceutical companies in order to find out the amount of chemicals used in each new product, hospitals for detection of sugar/blood levels and law enforcement for comparisons of samples found at a crime scene. (majortests.com)
  • Different detectors are used depending on the properties of the compounds being analyzed, such as ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, or refractive index detection. (cannabissciencetech.com)
  • 273, Diagnosis of bacteriuria by detection of volatile organic compounds in urine Optionz an automated headspace analyzer with multiple conducting polymer sensors. (forexmangates.com)
  • In order to improve the limits of detection (LODs), large volume injection (LVI) using programmable temperature vaporizer (PTV) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was also optimized. (who.int)
Extraction7
  • Acid-base extraction is a subclass of liquid-liquid extractions and involves the separation of chemical species from other acidic or basic compounds. (wikipedia.org)
  • Acid-base extraction utilizes the difference in solubility of a compound in its acid or base form to induce separation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Acid-base extraction is a simple alternative to more complex methods like chromatography. (wikipedia.org)
  • Acid-base extraction works on the fundamental principle that salts are ionic compounds with a high solubility in water, while neutral molecules typically lack solubility in water. (wikipedia.org)
  • Compound extraction was conducted by maceration in ethanol. (ui.ac.id)
  • The ethyl acetate extraction part of the ethanol extraction was separated and six monomer compounds were obtained. (kjcx.ac.cn)
  • In the present work the simultaneous extraction for the multiresidue determination in wastewater samples of organic compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalate esters (PEs), alkylphenols (APs), bisphenol A (BPA) or hormones included in different lists of priority and emerging pollutants because of their action as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) was developed. (who.int)
Polymers2
Gallic acid1
  • Among these compounds, a few compounds such as gallic acid, rutin, ellagic acid, and quercetin [ 13 - 16 ] have sufficiently been studied. (ijpsonline.com)
Quantification1
  • Chromatography provides separation of the substances in your sample, followed by quantification and/or identification of the individual substances. (smithersapex.com)
Proteins2
Mixtures3
  • To separate and analyse complex mixtures or solutions which include liquids and solids of both organic and inorganic origins. (sctimst.ac.in)
  • Chromatography is a versatile and widely used separation technique employed to separate and analyze mixtures of chemicals or substances into their individual components. (cannabissciencetech.com)
  • Flash column chromatography is a fast and usually easy method to separate complex mixtures. (flashcolumns.com)
Infrared spectroscopy1
  • In addition, gas chromatography, infrared spectroscopy and combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry were applied for identification purposes. (niom.no)
Inorganic1
  • This is used to identify organic and inorganic compounds and is used in crime scene investigation. (majortests.com)
Analyse2
  • This is used to test water pollution and can be used to analyse metal ions and organic compounds in solutions. (majortests.com)
  • The reason for using 2D-LC to analyse macromolecular compounds is examined. (tsijournals.com)
High7
  • This flow rate limitation is principally due to the high pressure drop (>8 kPa at 1.0 L/min) across the user prepared silica gel cartridges which have a particle size of 55 to 105 μ m. (astm.org)
  • Fractions A from normal urine, uremic serum and urine were collected and resolved into 3 subpeaks at 254 nm by high performance liquid chromatography. (mssm.edu)
  • The results show that comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography system is of great importance and high value in the separation of complex TCM. (edu.hk)
  • A derivative of this benzimidazole compound, ML398, displays promising qualities such as high selectivity and a slightly improved binding affinity. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • What does high pressu​re liquid chromatography do? (teledyneisco.com)
  • The structures of these compounds were identified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR), high resolution mass spectrometry(HR-ESI-MS)and the data of the literature. (kjcx.ac.cn)
  • The net result is a rapid ("over in a flash") and high resolution chromatography. (ijpsr.com)
Active compounds2
  • Cannabinoids and terpenoids, the biologically active compounds found in cannabis and hemp, have gained significant attention for their diverse physiological effects. (cannabissciencetech.com)
  • Once the relevant active compounds are found, the compounds need to be mass-produced. (flashcolumns.com)
Pesticides1
  • GC is often used for the separation and analysis of compounds like terpenes or pesticides. (cannabissciencetech.com)
Synthetic4
  • Basic information on retention mechanisms in synthetic polymer liquid chromatography is provided. (tsijournals.com)
  • For synthetic and medicinal chemistry, it is often necessary to screen a large number of potential compounds in the early stage. (flashcolumns.com)
  • At this time, the previous milligram-level synthetic preparation methods need to be modified and upgraded to develop a new set of synthetic purification preparation process to meet the clinical testing and application of a large number of later compounds. (flashcolumns.com)
  • In addition to the transformation of the synthetic route of the process, efficient column chromatography amplification technology is also a very critical step. (flashcolumns.com)
Typically3
  • Typically, the desired compound is changed into its charged acid or base form, causing it to become soluble in aqueous solution and thus be extracted from the non-aqueous (organic) layer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Liquid chromatography (LC) uses mobile phases that typically contain organic solvents. (edu.au)
  • Nationally distributed medications from compounding pharmacies, which typically adhere to less stringent quality-control standards than pharmaceutical manufacturers, can lead to multistate outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
Benzimidazole3
  • Derivatives of the benzimidazole lead compound were previously investigated for these purposes [2]. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • One promising D4 antagonist is a benzimidazole compound, which displayed many sought after attributes, such as potency, but lacks the desired binding affinity to be effective in vivo [2]. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • The present invention provides, in one aspect, benzimidazole compounds which inhibit TRPC6 activity. (justia.com)
Recrystallization1
  • Recrystallization from ether-hexanes, collection by filtration and drying in vacuo afforded the title compound as a solid (42.8 g, 47% yield): mp 75-76° C. (ambeed.com)
Quercetin1
  • 11. A, P. S. V.g, J. S.n, S. Evaluation of Wound Healing Activity of Isolated Compound Quercetin and Alcoholic Extract of Leaves of Mussaenda Frondosa Linn. (rjptonline.org)
Vapor2
  • Ishida, T. , Vapor pressure isotope effect in liquid methylene fluoride , U. S. Dep. (nist.gov)
  • Ishida, T. , Elucidation of liquid-force fields in methyl fluoride by means of vapor pressure isotope effects , U.S. Dep. (nist.gov)
Organic synthesis1
  • A new D4 antagonist was created using organic synthesis, or production of a complex chemical compound from more simple compounds. (vanderbilt.edu)
Solvents1
Involves1
  • 1.2 This test method involves drawing air through a cartridge containing silica gel coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) reagent. (astm.org)
Separation technique1
  • Chromatography, a widely utilized separation technique, offers promising solutions to overcome these challenges. (cannabissciencetech.com)
Procedure3
  • This test method provides an analytical procedure for measuring formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor or outdoor air. (astm.org)
  • 1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the determination of formaldehyde (HCHO) and other carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) in air. (astm.org)
  • The development of an analytical procedure for measuring free cyanide , the various solid and liquid sorbents tested, and the instability problems encountered during research to establish a monitoring method for hydrogen - cyanide (74908) (HCN) in air are described. (cdc.gov)
Particle size1
  • Some of these use silica gel of a larger particle size that results in a lower pressure drop across the cartridge. (astm.org)
Polymeric1
  • The similarities and differences of two-dimensional liquid chromatography of low-molecular-mass and polymeric compounds are discussed. (tsijournals.com)
Modification1
  • 2008 ). The enzymatic transglycosylation by dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides has been previously used for the modification of various bioactive compounds to improve their function or physical stability (Moon et al. (springeropen.com)
Creams1
  • Creams or gels that contain smaller amounts of capsaicin (less than 0.075%) don't seem to work. (medlineplus.gov)
Mass1
  • In order to fill this technologic gap, we have used a functional proteomics approach using a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) analysis coupled with a hydrazide biotin-streptavidin methodology in order to identify protein carbonylation in aged mice. (johnshopkins.edu)
Identification2
  • Identification of nonvolatile compounds is important to improve clove's value. (ui.ac.id)
  • Most widely used technique for quantitative molecular analysis for the identification and structural analysis of organic compounds. (sctimst.ac.in)
Determination1
  • This test method is suitable for determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in the concentration range from approximately 10 ppb to 1 ppm (v/v). (astm.org)
Analysis3
  • Nonvolatile compounds were identified by fragment analysis and compared to references. (ui.ac.id)
  • Liquid phase separations are major players in chemical analysis. (edu.au)
  • In this review, we compared the analytical performance of different modes of LC and CE for the analysis of the same compounds. (edu.au)
Chemical compound1