Lipoproteins and membranes. Medical search. Frequent questions

and ykrL (encoding an HtpX homologue) specifically under membrane proteins overproduction. (rug.nl)
Peripheral membrane proteins, or extrinsic membrane proteins, are membrane proteins that adhere only temporarily to the biological membrane with which they are associated. (wikipedia.org)
These proteins attach to integral membrane proteins, or penetrate the peripheral regions of the lipid bilayer. (wikipedia.org)
The regulatory protein subunits of many ion channels and transmembrane receptors, for example, may be defined as peripheral membrane proteins. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast to integral membrane proteins, peripheral membrane proteins tend to collect in the water-soluble component, or fraction, of all the proteins extracted during a protein purification procedure. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins with GPI anchors are an exception to this rule and can have purification properties similar to those of integral membrane proteins. (wikipedia.org)
The reversible attachment of proteins to biological membranes has shown to regulate cell signaling and many other important cellular events, through a variety of mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, the positioning of many proteins are localized to either the inner or outer surfaces or leaflets of their resident membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Peripheral membrane proteins may interact with other proteins or directly with the lipid bilayer. (wikipedia.org)
Some polypeptide hormones, antimicrobial peptides, and neurotoxins accumulate at the membrane surface prior to locating and interacting with their cell surface receptor targets, which may themselves be peripheral membrane proteins. (wikipedia.org)
These proteins are usually described as peripheral as one of their conformational states is water-soluble or only loosely associated with a membrane. (wikipedia.org)
These may include the folding of regions of protein structure that were previously unfolded or a re-arrangement in the folding or a refolding of the membrane-associated part of the proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Water-soluble proteins as well as membrane-bound proteins associate with membrane surfaces and bind specific lipid molecules in specific sites on the protein. (nih.gov)
These lipoproteins circulate in our blood and lymph systems and contain triglycerides, cholesterol, cholesterol esters, and proteins in their interior, and these are sometimes interspersed on their surfaces. (nih.gov)
The PLA 2 s constitute a paradigm for how membranes interact allosterically with proteins, causing conformational changes and activation of the proteins to enable them to extract and bind a specific phospholipid from a membrane for catalysis, which is probably generalizable to intracellular and extracellular transport and phospholipid exchange processes as well as other specific biological functions. (nih.gov)
Membrane proteins implicated in long-chain fatty acid uptake by mammalian cells: CD36, FATP and FABPm. (springer.com)
Most previous reviews dealt with only outer membrane proteins (OMPs), or lipids, or lipoproteins. (sciencewatch.com)
6. aac: score of discriminant analysis of the amino acid content of outer membrane and periplasmic proteins. (githubusercontent.com)
In the present study, we examined potential contributory roles of membrane-associated, cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts/caveolae and their constituent proteins (e.g., caveolin-1 [Cav-1]) as potential sites for IL-1β−induced nitric oxide (NO) release in the isolated β-cell. (diabetesjournals.org)
Viral Entry The envelope proteins of HCV form a heterodimer which helps binding the hepatitis C virus to the receptors present on the hepatocytes membrane. (bartleby.com)
Lipoproteins are nano emulsion like particles composed of fats and proteins (named apolipoproteins). (lu.se)
These genes provide instructions for making proteins that transport molecules across cell membranes. (medlineplus.gov)
Our project offers a unique opportunity for Master's student to gain hands-on experience focused on transcriptional regulators with importance in expression of genes of outer membrane proteins that are essential in host-pathogen interaction. (lu.se)

The cholesterol/phospholipid mole ratio of both types of red cells correlated closely with the free cholesterol saturation of serum lipoproteins, as defined by the amount of free cholesterol relative to phospholipid and protein in these lipoproteins. (jci.org)
MENSAdb (Data-Driven Molecular Design) is a thorough structural analysis of membrane protein dimers. (biodata.pt)
Membrane binding may also promote rearrangement, dissociation, or conformational changes within many protein structural domains, resulting in an activation of their biological activity. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we identify the OM lipoprotein NlpI as a general adaptor protein for PG hydrolases. (uu.nl)
Orthologous to human VMP1 (vacuole membrane protein 1). (nih.gov)
The 47-kDa lipoprotein is an abundant integral membrane protein and dominant immunogen of Treponema pallidum subsp. (elsevierpure.com)
Lipid bilayer regulation of membrane protein function: gramicidin channels as molecular force probes. (springer.com)
Dietary fatty acids and membrane protein function. (springer.com)
The encoded protein is a component of a membrane complex that modulates canonical WNT signaling through lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6). (nih.gov)
The complexity of lipoproteins is great, with different compositions not only in terms of the amounts of the fat and proteic components, but also on the specific protein type and isoform. (lu.se)
The ABCA1 protein helps move cholesterol and certain fats called phospholipids across the cell membrane to the outside of the cell. (medlineplus.gov)
Once in the circulation, the triglyceride-rich chylomicrons pass through the vasculature, where they undergo a complex process of protein exchange mediated by HDL and, based upon this protein exchange process, are either received in the liver for further metabolism and packaging or undergo delipidation at the vascular endothelial surface by lipoprotein lipase (LPL). (medscape.com)

Membrane surfaces include the traditional bilayer membranes of cells and subcellular organelles formed by phospholipids. (nih.gov)
Diacyl phospholipids constitute the defining molecules of biological membranes. (nih.gov)
Phospholipase A 1 (PLA 1 ) hydrolyzes phospholipid acyl chains at the sn -1 position of membrane phospholipids, phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) hydrolyzes acyl chains at the sn -2 position, phospholipase C (PLC) hydrolyzes the glycerol-phosphodiester bond, and phospholipase D (PLD) hydrolyzes the polar group-phosphodiester bond. (nih.gov)
This Account will focus principally on results from deuterium exchange mass spectrometric (DXMS) studies of PLA 2 interactions with membranes and extensive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of their interactions with membranes and specific phospholipids bound in their catalytic and allosteric sites. (nih.gov)
We now investigated the effect of NMDA receptor overactivation on synthesis and degradation of major membrane phospholipids in the early stages of the excitotoxic process. (jneurosci.org)
Enzymatic hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids by phospholipases produces these lipid second messengers, as well as soluble second messengers such as inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, and also other molecules such as choline (Cho) that are released to the extracellular medium. (jneurosci.org)
It is generally assumed that enzymatic hydrolysis of phospholipids leads to phospholipid degradation and membrane damage. (jneurosci.org)
Lipid-poor HDL precursors mature by obtaining cholesterol and phospholipids from cell membranes or triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. (jci.org)
It is a precursor of membrane phospholipids (e.g., phosphatidylcholine (PC)), the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, and via betaine, the methyl group donor S -adenosylmethionine. (mdpi.com)
This asymmetry is maintained by the Mla pathway, a six-component system that is widespread in Gram-negative bacteria and is thought to mediate retrograde transport of misplaced phospholipids from the outer leaflet of the OM to the cytoplasmic membrane 4 . (nature.com)
MlaA is the most enigmatic Mla component, particularly since its identity as a periplasmically exposed lipoprotein appears hard to reconcile with its proposed activity on outer leaflet phospholipids. (nature.com)
ApoA-I, cholesterol, and phospholipids combine to make high-density lipoprotein (HDL), often referred to as "good cholesterol" because high levels of this substance reduce the chances of developing heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular) disease. (medlineplus.gov)

For example, the close association between many enzymes and biological membranes may bring them into close proximity with their lipid substrate(s). (wikipedia.org)
The inner and outer surfaces, or interfacial regions, of model phospholipid bilayers have been shown to have a thickness of around 8 to 10 Å, although this may be wider in biological membranes that include large amounts of gangliosides or lipopolysaccharides. (wikipedia.org)
The hydrophobic inner core region of typical biological membranes may have a thickness of around 27 to 32 Å, as estimated by Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). (wikipedia.org)
Structural components of biological membranes. (home-remedies-for-you.com)

Hypertriglyceridemia is indicative of insulin resistance when present with low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL), while elevated triglyceride is a clinical risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), especially when low HDL is present. (medscape.com)

This review covers the known mechanisms of cholesterol transfer from circulating lipoprotein particles to the plasma membrane, and vice versa. (fh-ooe.at)
First, EVs and lipoprotein particles were removed from fresh frozen plasma by membrane filtration. (helsinki.fi)
Cholesterol homeostasis in humans is regulated by well-balanced mechanisms of intestinal uptake, endogenous synthesis, transport in lipoprotein particles, and biliary excretion. (genome.jp)
The metabolism of lipids including cholesterol involves the production, in the liver, of lipid carrying particles known as lipoproteins. (lu.se)

From Biochemistry of Lipids Lipoproteins and to announce telling hence at thirty Insights of Cognitive Linguistics. (arne-a.de)
wrong Biochemistry of Lipids Lipoproteins and, 6, 269-281. (arne-a.de)
Your Biochemistry of Lipids Lipoproteins and Membranes were a channel that this Embodiment could Finally be. (arne-a.de)
The Biochemistry of Lipids Lipoproteins and Membranes categorizes worked on syntagme data to rejuvenate more of their terms through the famous complement and determined that research design types will explore proposed political expression. (arne-a.de)
These include the enzymatic processing of lipids and other hydrophobic substances, membrane anchoring, and the binding and transfer of small nonpolar compounds between different cellular membranes. (wikipedia.org)
Lipids and Lipoproteins in Disease. (mcgill.ca)
Biochemistry: Structure, function and metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins as they relate to lipid storage diseases, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, heart disease, Alzheimers disease and other neurological diseases. (mcgill.ca)

To investigate the simultaneous presence of macrophages, CRP, membrane attack complex C5b-9 (MAC), and oxidised low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in atherectomy specimens from patients with different coronary syndromes. (bmj.com)
4 Furthermore, CRP promotes foam cell formation by opsonising low density lipoprotein (LDL). (bmj.com)
It can make a circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL, sometimes called bad cholesterol) molecule more likely to get trapped in an artery wall. (harvard.edu)
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or 'bad cholesterol' is the major cholesterol carrier in the blood. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
low density lipoprotein (LDL) glycosaminoglycan's (GAGs), and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) receptors are also involved in enhancing the binding of the HCV virus to the membrane. (bartleby.com)

The cholesterol and phospholipid content of red cell membranes effectively distinguished target cells from spur cells. (jci.org)
The phospholipid bilayer that forms the cell surface membrane consists of a hydrophobic inner core region sandwiched between two regions of hydrophilicity, one at the inner surface and one at the outer surface of the cell membrane (see lipid bilayer article for a more detailed structural description of the cell membrane). (wikipedia.org)
Monolayer membranes include the outer monolayer phospholipid surface of intracellular lipid droplets of triglycerides and various lipoproteins including HDL, LDL, VLDL, and chylomicrons. (nih.gov)
These enzymes either are membrane-bound or are water-soluble and associate with membranes before extracting their phospholipid substrate molecule into their active site to carry out their enzymatic hydrolytic reaction. (nih.gov)
These results show that membrane damage by NMDA is preceded by inhibition of phospholipid synthesis and not by phospholipid degradation in the early stages of the excitotoxic process, and that NMDA receptor overactivation decreases phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis by inhibiting choline-ethanolaminophosphotransferase activity. (jneurosci.org)
MlaC probably accepts a phospholipid from MlaA and shuttles it to the ABC transporter for ATP-dependent plasma membrane insertion 5 . (nature.com)

The structure provides an explanation for assembly and insertion of the lipoprotein molecules into the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria and suggests a molecular target for antibacterial drug discovery. (rcsb.org)
I think our paper is highly cited because it provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of outer membrane (OM) biogenesis in gram-negative bacteria. (sciencewatch.com)

The outer membrane lipoprotein of the Escherichia coli cell envelope has characteristic lipid modifications at an amino-terminal cysteine and can exist in a form bound covalently to the peptidoglycan through a carboxyl-terminal lysine. (rcsb.org)
2K1G: Solution NMR structure of lipoprotein spr from Escherichia coli K12. (rcsb.org)
Escherichia coli Spr is a membrane-anchored cell wall hydrolase. (rcsb.org)

Recently, intracellular membrane-membrane contact sites were shown to be involved in intracellular cholesterol transfer and the plasma membrane itself has been proposed to act as a binding site for lipoprotein-mediated cargo unloading. (fh-ooe.at)
Cholesterol Cholesterol is a sterol (a group of unsaturated alcohols of the steroid group) present in cell membranes, the brain and lipoproteins. (blogarama.com)
Monounsaturated fatty acids - as contained in olive oil - reduce total and LDL cholesterol concentrations without reducing the levels of HDL cholesterol, thus leading to favorable changes in the serum lipid profile and possibly to changes in the physico-chemical properties of lipoproteins. (digitalnaturopath.com)
Cholesterol is an essential component of mammalian cell membranes as well as a precursor of bile acids, vitamin D and steroid hormones. (genome.jp)
A group of familial disorders characterized by elevated circulating cholesterol contained in either LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS alone or also in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins). (bvsalud.org)

The Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane (OM) is a unique bilayer that forms an efficient permeation barrier to protect the cell from noxious compounds 1 , 2 . (nature.com)

Published 15 August 2016 In this study, we provide new insight into how cancer cells adapt to stress factors present within the tumor microenvironment through increased uptake of lipoproteins. (lu.se)

We show the unique power of using small angle neutron scattering and neutron reflection as two complementary techniques to map the structural and compositional changes taken place at both lipoproteins and model membranes over time. (lu.se)

In addition, the Mla system was recently shown to regulate outer membrane vesicle formation 16 . (nature.com)

Published 20 April 2016 Hypoxia modulates global membrane proteome turnover in cancer cells, providing opportunities for tumor specific drug delivery. (lu.se)

Damaged cellular membranes are the most characteristic feature of excitotoxicity. (jneurosci.org)
Absorption of lipid compounds into the enterocyte for biochemical usage occurs through diffusion across the cellular membrane and also through lipid transporters that are located on the luminal side of the enterocyte. (medscape.com)

We have characterized the effects of bacterial lipoproteins on monocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells, and have done extensive work on the effects of TLR2 activation on coagulation and permeability in vitro and in vivo. (ucsf.edu)

VMP1 regulates hepatic lipoprotein secretion and NASH independent of autophagy. (nih.gov)
Lack of VMP1 impairs hepatic lipoprotein secretion and promotes non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. (nih.gov)

The outer blood-retina barrier consists of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which is separated from the blood-vessel rich choriocapillaris by Bruch's membrane, which regulates the exchange of nutrients and waste between the choriocapillaris on one side and the RPE on the other. (scienceboard.net)

Lipoproteins in the cell membranes of both and were proven to trigger the transcription of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 mRNA in normal fibroblasts isolated from human gingival tissue and to induce it is cell surface manifestation by a system distinct from that of lipopolysaccharide. (colinsbraincancer.com)

The 56-residue polypeptide moiety of the lipoprotein, designated Lpp-56, folds into a stable, trimeric helical structure in aqueous solution. (rcsb.org)

In our early studies we found that bacterial lipoprotein TLR2 agonists are shed by bacteria into human serum in vitro and into the blood of septic mice and rats in vivo. (ucsf.edu)

In this talk, I will present the efforts of my group to explore the role of lipid dynamics in their transport throughout the body by lipoproteins. (lu.se)

Native honey (1% w/v pH 7.4, 10(6) cells) showed strong quenching activity against lipophilic cumoxyl and cumoperoxyl radicals, with significant suppression/prevention of cell damage, complete inhibition of cell membrane oxidation, of intracellular ROS production and recovery of intracellular GSH. (researchgate.net)

Fatty acids specifically related to the anisotropic properties of plasma membrane from rat urothelium. (springer.com)

The NS1 structures reveal distinct domains for membrane association of the dimer and interactions with the immune system and are a basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism of NS1 function. (nih.gov)

It is used to form cell membranes, hormones and so on. (home-remedies-for-you.com)

Weigel, LM, Brandt, ME & Norgard, MV 1992, ' Analysis of the N-terminal region of the 47-kilodalton integral membrane lipoprotein of Treponema pallidum ', Infection and immunity , vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 1568-1576. (elsevierpure.com)

Here we provide the first evidence to suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation of Cav-1 and subsequent interaction among members of the Ras signaling pathway within the membrane lipid microdomains represent early signaling mechanisms of IL-1β in β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)

an outer membrane lipoprotein that literature has found activates the cpx pathway. (igem.org)

cells were treated with Triton X-114 to extract membrane lipoproteins according to the method described previously (27). (colinsbraincancer.com)

All such systems are multisubunit complexes with at least 3 dissimilar subunits embedded as a complex in the membrane (F 0 , a:b:c = 1:2:~12) and (usually) at least 5 dissimilar subunits attached to F 0 (F 1 , α:β:γ:δ:ε = 3:3:1:1:1 for F-type ATPases). (tcdb.org)

Anatomy40

Organisms11

Diseases17

Chemicals and Drugs106

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes52

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture8

Information Science3

Health Care2

Proteins23

Protein12

Phospholipids12

Biological membranes4

High-density lip1

Particles4

Lipids7

Density lipoprotein5

Phospholipid6

Gram-negative2

Escherichia3

Cholesterol5

Bilayer1

Uptake1

Structural1

Shown to regulate1

Modulates1

Cellular2

Macrophages1

Secretion2

Regulates1

Molecule1

Polypeptide1

Serum1

Dynamics1

Intracellular1

Plasma1

Structures1

Hormones1

Integral1

Mechanisms1

Pathway1

Extract1

Complexes1