Lipid protein membranes. Medical search. Frequent questions

It is shown that cholesterol segregates preferentially around the receptors in both leaflets of the lipid bilayer, interacting robustly with specific transmembrane sites and creating a network of bridging microdomains. (iucr.org)
In doing so, our goal was to build lipid-bilayer-like membrane-mimetic 2D nanomaterials by using the six Nce groups to mimic polar lipid head groups and the six N 4-Cl pe groups to create aromatic counterparts of nonpolar lipid tails. (nature.com)
The Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane (OM) is a unique bilayer that forms an efficient permeation barrier to protect the cell from noxious compounds 1 , 2 . (nature.com)
namd-l: How to evaluate the area per lipid and thickness of the lipid bilayer in a membrane-protein system? (uiuc.edu)
In the current study, we enhanced this approach with the addition of a new measure of the distortion caused by membrane proteins on a lipid bilayer. (ox.ac.uk)
lipid headgroups distort in order to interact with very similar but not identical regions in these proteins for all bilayer widths investigated. (ox.ac.uk)
Introducing anionic lipids into a DPPC bilayer containing the KvAP voltage sensor does not affect the extent of bilayer distortion. (ox.ac.uk)
purothionin from wheat flour can form cation-selective ion channels in artificial lipid bilayer membranes and in the plasmalemma of rat hippocampal neurons. (edu.au)
English Most integral membrane proteins are cotranslationally inserted into the lipid bilayer. (unifr.ch)
In both kingdoms of life, however, the same membrane that acquaints the newly born membrane protein also synthesizes the bilayer lipids and thus ensures the balanced growth of the membrane as a whole. (unifr.ch)
While understanding this interdependence between bilayer lipids and protein biogenesis is interesting in its own right, careful consideration of a potential host's membrane lipid composition may also allow optimization of the yield and activity of membrane proteins that are expressed in a heterologous organism. (unifr.ch)
Here, we review and discuss some examples that illustrate the interdependence between bilayer lipids and the biogenesis of integral membrane proteins. (unifr.ch)
Palmitoylation reinforced the binding of the monomer to PC membranes and myristoylation decreased its binding to PE-enriched bilayer. (unisa.it)
The formation ofinvaginations (or tubules) is regulated by the composition of negativecharged lipids in membrane bilayer or electrostatic residues on the BARdomain. (kth.se)
Solute transport on the sub 100 ms scale across the lipid bilayer membrane of individual proteoliposomes. (lu.se)
The red blood cell membrane is composed of a lipid bilayer and proteins assembled in a complex manner that protects the red blood cell's integrity and allows a bidirectional flux of electrolytes, energy, and information between the cell and its environment. (medscape.com)
The lipid bilayer contains nearly equal quantities (molar ratio 0.9-1) of unesterified cholesterol and phospholipids that are asymmetrically distributed between the outer and inner leaflets. (medscape.com)
Most acanthocytic disorders are associated with acquired abnormalities of the outer leaflet of the lipid bilayer. (medscape.com)

As reported earlier, the helical arrangement of the protein component of the vesicles facilitates image averaging and enables us to determine how cholesterol and phospho-lipid molecules are distributed in the surrounding matrix, using headgroup size as a means to discriminate between the two kinds of lipid. (iucr.org)
For example, self-assembly of lipid molecules and membrane proteins is crucial in defining cell architecture and enabling cell function 2 . (nature.com)
It is much less permeable to ions and small molecules than the outer membrane, creating compartments by separating the matrix from the cytosolic environment. (wikipedia.org)
Membranes host numerous proteins and are responsible for the exchange of molecules and ions, cell signaling, and cell compartmentation. (utc.fr)
The cavity was free of any visible electron density for lipid molecules at room temperature, suggesting that only dynamic interactions exist with the protein. (rcsb.org)
Diffusion and interaction dynamics of molecules at the plasma membrane play an important role in cellular signaling and are suggested to be strongly associated with the actin cytoskeleton. (ox.ac.uk)
Our data underline the crucial role of the actin cortex in maintaining hindered diffusion modes of many but not all of the membrane molecules and highlight a powerful experimental approach to decipher specific influences on molecular plasma membrane dynamics. (ox.ac.uk)
With these molecules in hand, it became possible to investigate the phase behaviour of liquid ordered/liquid disordered supported membranes doped with the Gb 3 species by means of fluorescence and atomic force microscopy. (springer.com)
These molecules enabled us to address the question, where the Gb 3 sphingolipids are localized prior protein binding by means of fluorescence microscopy on giant unilamellar vesicles. (springer.com)
In contrast, globosides are neutral lipid molecules. (springer.com)
For lipid-based membranes, there are membrane proteins that get molecules across. (sciencedaily.com)
The study authors said that by using the structural data from this paper, researchers can design experiments to study the mechanisms for how the molecules get across this protein membrane, and to build custom organelles for carbon capture or to produce valuable compounds. (sciencedaily.com)
The stabilisation mechanism can be described as a combined effect of surface-active molecules, mainly membrane proteins but also membrane lipids, exposed on surfaces of thylakoid membrane vesicles adsorbed as particles. (lu.se)

Cholesterol interactions with the receptor are apparently essential for stabilizing and maintaining its physiological architecture, since the transmembrane structure contracts, involving displacements of the helices at the outer membrane surface by ∼2 Å (1-3 Å), when this lipid is extracted. (iucr.org)
Concerning barrier properties, the dynamics of membrane lipids and lipid-protein interactions are thought to be more important. (biomedcentral.com)
The biological functioning is assured by the dynamics of the membrane proteins, which may depend also on lipid-protein interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
At the high temperature end, however, it is not clear, whether proteins or lipids, or their specific interactions are the primary actors in maintaining membrane structure and/or stress signalling. (biomedcentral.com)
The comparatively few differences between the two rim samples likely reflect specific protein-lipid interactions. (nih.gov)
Strong interactions between lipids and proteins occur primarily through association of charged headgroups and amino acid side chains, rendering the protonation status of both partners important. (ox.ac.uk)
CGDB: a database of membrane protein/lipid interactions by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. (ox.ac.uk)
Recently, we developed a high-throughput computational approach for the prediction of membrane protein/lipid interactions. (ox.ac.uk)
The adsorption free energy of charged proteins on mixed membranes, containing varying amounts of (oppositely) charged lipids, is calculated based on a mean-field free energy expression that accounts explicitly for the ability of the lipids to demix locally, and for lateral interactions between the adsorbed proteins. (huji.ac.il)
Lateral repulsive interactions between the adsorbed proteins affect the lipid modulation profile and, at high densities, result in substantial lowering of the binding energy. (huji.ac.il)
Adsorption isotherms demonstrating the importance of lipid mobility and protein-protein interactions are calculated using an adsorption equation with a coverage-dependent binding constant. (huji.ac.il)
The conformations of the bound lipid and the interactions between protein and lipid provide insights into the factors governing lipoprotein formation. (rcsb.org)
Specific protein-lipid interactions are critical for viral assembly. (elifesciences.org)
The matrix (MA) domain drives Gag onto the plasma membrane through electrostatic interactions at its highly-basic-region (HBR), located near the myristoylated (Myr) N-terminus of the protein. (elifesciences.org)
Our realistic membrane models confirm interactions with PIP 2 and PS lipids are highly favored around the HBR, and are strong enough to keep the protein bound even without Myr insertion. (elifesciences.org)
The Molecular Membrane Biology GRC is a premier, international scientific conference focused on advancing the frontiers of science through the presentation of cutting-edge and unpublished research, prioritizing time for discussion after each talk and fostering informal interactions among scientists of all career stages. (grc.org)
Invited talks will feature a broad range of topics including membrane biogenesis, protein sorting to organelles, metabolic regulation of organelle biogenesis, autophagy, protein and organelle quality control, lipid homeostasis, interorganelle contact sites, host-pathogen interactions, and the mechanism of organelle fission and fusion. (grc.org)
Being typically a minor component of the cell membrane, they are of utmost importance for biological functions that rely on lipid-lipid and lipid-protein interactions (Schnaar and Kinoshita 2015 ). (springer.com)
To obtain information about BIN1's interaction with themembrane in near native environments, we used artificial lipid systems suchas liposomes and lipids nanotubes.First, we have shown that electrostatic interactions are more important forBIN1 when binding to membranes with low curvature. (kth.se)
In this project, we investigate interactions between aggregating amyloid proteins and lipid membranes, and we explore the basic principles of the amyloid-lipid coaggregation. (lu.se)
In this project, we study interactions between α-synuclein and lipid membranes. (lu.se)

Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, in mixed lipid bilayers, further implicate changes in charge by demonstrating preferential binding of anionic POPG over zwitterionic POPC to protonated OmpF, an effect not observed to the same extent for AmtB. (ox.ac.uk)
These lipids influence the biophysical properties of membranes and thereby modulate G protein binding to bilayers. (unisa.it)
Finally, binding of dimers and trimers to lamellar-prone membranes was decreased by palmitate and myristate, but it was increased in nonlamellar-prone bilayers. (unisa.it)
Folding of β-barrel membrane proteins, either from a urea-unfolded form or from chaperone-bound aqueous forms, has been characterized for pure lipid bilayers. (uni-konstanz.de)
Urea-unfolded OmpA folded faster into phosphatidylcholine bilayers containing FomA than into pure lipid bilayers, but the kinetics of OmpA folding and insertion were fastest for bilayers containing BamA. (uni-konstanz.de)
Incorporation of BamA into lipid bilayers composed of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine greatly weakened the inhibiting effect of phosphatidylethanolamine on the folding of OmpA. (uni-konstanz.de)
The data represent the first direct determination of the cholesterol-binding structure of a membrane protein in lipid bilayers, and moreover indicate a specific mechanism by which cholesterol concentration gradients in the membrane drive the M2 protein to the neck of the budding virus to conduct membrane scission. (lu.se)

Biological membranes also play a major role in metabolism regulation and cellular physiology (e.g., mitochondrial membranes). (utc.fr)
Biochemistry: Structure, function and metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins as they relate to lipid storage diseases, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, heart disease, Alzheimers disease and other neurological diseases. (mcgill.ca)
The 2023 Gordon Conference on Molecular Membrane Biology will focus on the latest insights into organelle biogenesis and function, membrane trafficking, the connection to metabolism, and interorganelle communication. (grc.org)
The activity of purified FAM92A1-NT* was verified bynegative stain EM.IIFourth, we were interested in the regulation of the lipid metabolism. (kth.se)
How contacts are remodeled and the subsequent biological consequences of altered contacts such as perturbed lipid metabolism remains poorly understood. (biorxiv.org)
Quantitative proteomics of purified contacts demonstrates alterations in proteins regulating lipid metabolism upon loss of UBXD8. (biorxiv.org)
Researchers speculate that impairment of lysophosphatidylcholine metabolism alters the balance of lipids in the cell membrane. (medlineplus.gov)

Here, cryo-EM is used to examine the protein-lipid architecture of this membrane in tubular vesicles obtained from the (muscle-derived) electric organ of the Torpedo ray. (iucr.org)
Here, we analyse by cryo-EM the architecture of this membrane in vesicles isolated from the (muscle-derived) electric organ of the Torpedo ray, with view to defining the protein-lipid interplay required to achieve an optimal neurotransmitter response. (iucr.org)
Diffusion of lipids and GPI-anchored proteins in actin-free plasma membrane vesicles measured by STED-FCS. (ox.ac.uk)
Here we use superresolution STED microscopy combined with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (STED-FCS) to access and compare the diffusion characteristics of fluorescent lipid analogues and GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) in the live-cell plasma membrane and in actin cytoskeleton-free, cell-derived giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs). (ox.ac.uk)
PI(4)P is enriched in the membrane of the Golgi apparatus and synaptic vesicles (SVs), PI(4,5)P 2 and PI(3,4,5)P 3 mainly exist in the plasma membrane, PI(3)P and PI(3,5)P 2 are selectively concentrated on early and late endosomes, respectively. (jneurosci.org)
Decreasing the Ch/PL ratio of synaptosomes and synaptic plasma membrane vesicles resulted in loss of sodium-dependent gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) uptake (70-100% loss at Ch/PL ratios decreased to 40% of normal) and reduction in the number of accessible GABA-binding sites. (mcw.edu)
The golgi body packages proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for "export" from the cell. (enchantedlearning.com)
Nearly all cells secrete membrane-bound vesicles (extracellular vesicles, EVs) that have the capacity to transmit protein, nucleic acid, and lipid signaling mediators between cells. (cdc.gov)

Maintaining the barrier properties and the functioning (energy production, signal transduction, material transport etc.) of a biological membrane, a given membrane dynamics is required. (biomedcentral.com)
Biological membranes and their related molecular mechanisms are essential for all living organisms. (utc.fr)
The elaboration of membrane based biomimetic systems allows us to reconstitute and investigate, in controlled conditions, biological events occurring at the membrane interface. (utc.fr)
We use model membranes with varying lipid compositions, and biological membranes in isolated exosomes. (lu.se)
Around 30% of all proteins in eukaryotic organisms have recently been shown to belong to intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) involved in many central biological processes and diseases. (lu.se)
Membrane curvature generation and membrane remodeling underlie many biological processes such as virus entry into cells and virus budding. (lu.se)
To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study on the emulsifying properties of an isolated biological membrane as a functional ingredient. (lu.se)

The inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) is the mitochondrial membrane which separates the mitochondrial matrix from the intermembrane space. (wikipedia.org)
The structure of the inner mitochondrial membrane is extensively folded and compartmentalized. (wikipedia.org)
In pig heart mitochondria, phosphatidylethanolamine makes up the majority of the inner mitochondrial membrane at 37.0% of the phospholipid composition. (wikipedia.org)
In the inner mitochondrial membrane, the protein-to-lipid ratio is 80:20, in contrast to the outer membrane, which is 50:50. (wikipedia.org)
The inner mitochondrial membrane is both an electrical insulator and chemical barrier. (wikipedia.org)
There are several antiport systems embedded in the inner membrane, allowing exchange of anions between the cytosol and the mitochondrial matrix. (wikipedia.org)
Dual role of mitofilin in mitochondrial membrane organization and protein biogenesis" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
We find that binding of anionic phosphatidylglycerol (POPG) or zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine (POPC) to OmpF is sensitive to electrospray polarity while the effects of charge are less pronounced for other proteins in outer or mitochondrial membranes: the ferripyoverdine receptor (FpvA) or the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC). (ox.ac.uk)
The intimate association between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial membranes at ER-mitochondria contact sites serves as a platform for several critical cellular processes, in particular lipid synthesis. (biorxiv.org)

This is illustrated by considering the effect of lipid tail length and headgroup charge on the distortion caused by the integral membrane proteins MscS and FLAP, and by the voltage sensing domain from the channel KvAP. (ox.ac.uk)
The lipid composition of the membrane thus can affect the biogenesis and function of integral membrane proteins at multiple steps along its biogenetic pathway. (unifr.ch)

Cristae significantly increase the total membrane surface area compared to a smooth inner membrane and thereby the available working space for oxidative phosphorylation. (wikipedia.org)
The inner membrane creates two compartments. (wikipedia.org)
The region between the inner and outer membrane, called the intermembrane space, is largely continuous with the cytosol, while the more sequestered space inside the inner membrane is called the matrix. (wikipedia.org)
For typical liver mitochondria, the area of the inner membrane is about 5 times as large as the outer membrane due to cristae. (wikipedia.org)
For example, deletion of the junction protein IMMT leads to a reduced inner membrane potential and impaired growth and to dramatically aberrant inner membrane structures which form concentric stacks instead of the typical invaginations. (wikipedia.org)
The inner membrane of mitochondria is similar in lipid composition to the membrane of bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
The inner membrane is freely permeable to oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water only. (wikipedia.org)
Only marginal charge-induced differences were observed for inner membrane proteins: the ammonia channel (AmtB) or the mechanosensitive channel. (ox.ac.uk)
The multiply-folded inner membrane of a cell's mitochondrion that are finger-like projections. (enchantedlearning.com)
The inner membrane is infolded many times, forming a series of projections (called cristae). (enchantedlearning.com)
Part of the chloroplasts in plant cells, located within the inner membrane of chloroplasts, between the grana. (enchantedlearning.com)

Extraction procedures are optimized to precipitate and remove proteins and nucleic acids while maximizing solubilization of GSLs along with other lipids. (springer.com)

Enzymes involved in lipid biosynthesis are enriched at contacts and membrane lipid composition at contacts is distinct relative to surrounding membranes. (biorxiv.org)
The mode of action of enzymes and macromolecular complexes as protein machines will be investigated. (manchester.ac.uk)

Both experimental and molecular dynamics simulation results show that peptoids assemble into membranes through an anisotropic formation process. (nature.com)
Here we show, using X-ray crystallography, molecular dynamics simulations and in vitro and in vivo functional assays, that MlaA is a monomeric α-helical OM protein that functions as a phospholipid translocation channel, forming a ~20-Å-thick doughnut embedded in the inner leaflet of the OM with a central, amphipathic pore. (nature.com)
Correlation of lipid disorder with membrane protein dynamics has been studied with infrared spectroscopy, by combining data characterizing lipid phase, protein structure and, via hydrogen-deuterium (H/D) exchange, protein dynamics. (biomedcentral.com)
Around the low-temperature functioning limit of the biomembranes, lipids affected protein dynamics since changes in fatty acyl chain disorders and H/D exchange exhibited certain correlation. (biomedcentral.com)
Seemingly, at temperatures where protein self-dynamics allows large-scale H/D exchange, lipid-protein coupling is so weak that proteins prefer aggregating to limit the exposure of their hydrophobic surface regions to water. (biomedcentral.com)
In all membranes studied, dynamics seemed to be governed by lipids around the low-temperature limit, and by proteins around the high-temperature limit of membrane functionality. (biomedcentral.com)
This dynamics is adapted to the physiological conditions (e.g. temperature, light in photosynthetic organisms, different stresses) of the given membrane. (biomedcentral.com)
The balance between lipid- and protein-dynamics and the role of lipid-protein interaction in maintaining membrane functionality is still not fully understood. (biomedcentral.com)
Summarizing the literature data, it seems that there is consensus that lipid composition and dynamics have the primary role in low-temperature adaptation and cold stresses. (biomedcentral.com)
We present a molecular dynamics simulation study on the binding mechanism of the membrane targeting domain of HIV-1 Gag protein. (elifesciences.org)
indicating their potential role as an anchor for these proteins to regulate their localization and dynamics during synaptic transmission. (jneurosci.org)
Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) proteins are peripheralmembrane proteins (PMP) and play an important role in sculpturingmembranes and in the regulation of actin dynamics. (kth.se)
and consequently membrane deformation.Second, we clarified BIN1's role in actin dynamics. (kth.se)
Latest research from King's chemists explores the role that protein dynamics play in the function and inhibition of multidrug-resistant activity in membrane proteins. (kcl.ac.uk)
Research led by scientists at King's, and published in Nature Communications , has produced a deeper understanding of the structural dynamics of membrane proteins, and its impact upon antibiotic and multidrug resistance (MDR). (kcl.ac.uk)
With a specific focus on multidrug efflux pumps - sets of proteins which recognise and pump out antimicrobials - the team's research has revealed that an efflux pump inhibitor enhances biotic activity by restraining protein dynamics, rather than preventing antibiotic binding. (kcl.ac.uk)
What was really exciting was working with expert microbiologists and computational chemists to guide and understand the data we obtain from our advanced mass spectrometry techniques - enabling the appreciation of how fundamental protein dynamics govern the drug efflux, inhibition, and acquired bacterial resistance of these important class of membrane proteins. (kcl.ac.uk)
Finally, we have basic theory projects relating to the experimental work just described, as well as in transport and structure in complex colloidal or zeolite systems, protein dynamics, and fundamental issues in quantum and statistical mechanics. (mcgill.ca)

Therefore, the local lipid composition of the membrane is a key regulator of the site of virus-cell fusion. (lu.se)

In addition, the Mla system was recently shown to regulate outer membrane vesicle formation 16 . (nature.com)
It has been shown previously in a series of papers, mostly for photosynthetic organisms, that at the physiological low temperature limit and among cold-stress conditions, the physical state of the lipids and the capacity of the living organism to regulate it are very important factors in the survival and adaptation [ 1 - 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
These results demonstrate that co/post-translational G protein lipid modifications regulate the membrane lipid structure and that they influence the physico-chemical properties of membranes, which in part explains why G protein subunits sort to different plasma membrane domains. (unisa.it)
PI(4,5)P 2 interacts with various ion channels and receptors to regulate membrane signaling but its nanoscale distribution and association with these proteins remain elusive. (jneurosci.org)
The PNPLA6 gene provides instructions for making a protein called neuropathy target esterase (NTE), which helps regulate the amount of certain fats (lipids) that make up the outer membrane surrounding cells. (medlineplus.gov)
[ 3 ] To preserve the red blood cell's shape and regulate the cell's deformability and mechanical stability, the plasma membrane is tethered to a filamentous network of proteins known as the membrane skeleton. (medscape.com)

The impact of preinserted integral proteins from biomembranes has not been examined in biophysical comparisons, but this knowledge is important for the characterization of protein assembly machinery in membranes to distinguish specific effects from unspecific effects. (uni-konstanz.de)
Here, we employed transmission electronmicroscopy and other biophysical methods to elucidate how BAR domainproteins steer processes at the membrane.In this work we studied the BAR protein bridging integrator 1 (BIN1), whichhas an established role in cancer, Alzheimer's disease and skeletalmyopathies. (kth.se)

The aim is to understand how the lipid environment influences the activity of membrane proteins, using the active transporter MgtA as benchmark system, and to investigate the dynamic fluctuations between lipid and protein in solution, utilising neutron and X-ray scattering in combination with computer simulations. (lu.se)

MlaC probably accepts a phospholipid from MlaA and shuttles it to the ABC transporter for ATP-dependent plasma membrane insertion 5 . (nature.com)
Lipovitellin contains a heterogeneous mixture of about 16% (w/w) noncovalently bound lipid, mostly phospholipid. (rcsb.org)
Alteration of synaptic membrane cholesterol/phospholipid ratio using a lipid transfer protein. (mcw.edu)
A procedure was developed to vary the cholesterol-to-phospholipid (Ch/PL) ratio of synaptic plasma membranes and synaptosomes using a nonspecific lipid transfer protein so that membrane lipid composition could be correlated with presynaptic function. (mcw.edu)
Cholesterol loading or depletion of the membranes was accompanied by a decrease or increase, respectively in the phospholipid-to-protein ratio. (mcw.edu)

Here we provide the first evidence to suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation of Cav-1 and subsequent interaction among members of the Ras signaling pathway within the membrane lipid microdomains represent early signaling mechanisms of IL-1β in β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
G proteins often bear myristoyl, palmitoyl and isoprenyl moieties, which favor their association with the membrane and their accumulation in G Protein Coupled Receptor-rich microdomains. (unisa.it)

My main research focus is on protein transport mechanisms and rhomboid proteins. (queensu.ca)
Currently, no clinically-approved pump inhibitors have been developed - partially due to insufficient understanding of protein mechanisms of action. (kcl.ac.uk)
I will present our recent structural studies, using solid-state NMR spectroscopy, of three membrane proteins that give insights into the mechanisms of virus-cell membrane fusion and virus budding. (lu.se)

Rough ER transport materials through the cell and produces proteins in sacks called cisternae (which are sent to the Golgi body, or inserted into the cell membrane). (enchantedlearning.com)

Each sample's copurified lipids were subjected to untargeted lipidomic and fatty acid analysis. (nih.gov)
We compare binding of natural hisactophilin exhibiting a myristic acid chain membrane anchor at the N-terminus (DIC-HIS) and a fatty acid-deficient genetic product expressed in Escherichia coli (EC-HIS). (hw.ac.uk)
Whereas the trisaccharidic head group of Gb 3 defines the specificity of Shiga toxin binding, the lipophilic part composed of sphingosine and different fatty acids is suggested to determine its localization within membranes impacting membrane organisation and protein binding eventually leading to protein internalisation. (springer.com)
The results clearly highlight the influence of the different fatty acids of the Gb 3 sphingolipids on the phase behaviour and the binding properties of Shiga toxin B subunits, even though the membranes were only doped with 5 mol% of the receptor lipid. (springer.com)
The results again demonstrate that the fatty acid of Gb 3 plays a pivotal role for the overall membrane organisation. (springer.com)
Triglycerides are lipid compounds composed of a glycerol esterified to 3 fatty acid chains of varying length and composition. (medscape.com)

This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane Lipid Therapy: Drugs Targeting Biomembranes edited by Pablo Escríba-Ruíz. (unisa.it)

Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P 2 ) plays an essential role in neuronal activities through interaction with various proteins involved in signaling at membranes. (jneurosci.org)
The neutron reflectivity technique is applied to determine the adsorptive interaction of the 13.5-kDa actin-binding protein hisactophilin from Dictyostelium discoideum with lipid monolayers at a lateral pressure of 21 mN/m ≤ π ≤ 25 mN/m at the air-water interface. (hw.ac.uk)
We study protein-lipid co-aggregation, membrane assoication and the consequences of protein-lipid interaction on aggregation kinetics and membrane intergrety. (lu.se)

abstract = "Thionins are small cysteine-containing, amphipathic plant proteins found in seeds and vegetative tissues of a number of plant genera. (edu.au)

Phosphoinositides (PIs) are minor components on the cytoplasmic side of eukaryotic cell membranes, but they play essential roles in a wide variety of cellular functions. (jneurosci.org)
Unlike the lipid-based membranes of eukaryotic cells, bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) have polyhedral shells made of proteins. (sciencedaily.com)

High-resolution profiling of the ROS disk lipid composition gives new insights into how intricate membrane structure and protein activity are balanced within the ROS, and provides a model for future studies of other complex cellular structures. (nih.gov)
To understand these different sensitivities, we performed an extensive bioinformatics analysis of membrane protein structures and found that OmpF, and to a lesser extent FpvA and VDAC, have atypically high local densities of basic and acidic residues in their lipid headgroup-binding regions. (ox.ac.uk)
Thylakoid disks are disk-shaped membrane structures in chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll. (enchantedlearning.com)

By contrast, both myristate and palmitate increased the Gαi1 preference for lamellar membranes. (unisa.it)
The β-sheet conformation causes negative Gaussian curvature and membrane dehydration, which are required for membrane merger, while the α-helical conformation resides in low-curvature lamellar membranes and forms three-helix bundles. (lu.se)

2023) Expansion microscopy using a single anchor molecule for high-yield multiplexed imaging of proteins and RNAs. (plos.org)
Expected announcement of the position is spring 2023, and the project will focus on liquid-liquid phase separation mediated by phosphorylated intrinsically disordered proteins utilizing computer simulations in combination with SAXS. (lu.se)

Indeed, the plasma membrane delimits the intracellular compartment from the extracellular environment and intracellular membranes. (utc.fr)
PIs contribute to various aspects of neuronal activity, such as synaptic transmission and maintenance of membrane excitability by regulating ion channels and intracellular signaling pathways. (jneurosci.org)
It is known that GSLs interact with both intracellular as well as exogenous proteins and are critical for membrane organisation, signalling, and recognition events. (springer.com)

Cyanobacterial and plant thylakoid membranes, mammalian mitochondria membranes, and for comparison, lysozyme were investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
Chloroplast thylakoid membrane-stabilised emulsions. (lu.se)
RESULTS: Thylakoid membranes isolated from spinach were used as an emulsifier/stabiliser in oil (triglyceride)-in-water emulsions. (lu.se)
Droplet size decreased with increasing thylakoid concentration, reaching a plateau around 15 microm beyond concentrations of 2 mg protein mL(-1) oil. (lu.se)
The surface pressure (air/water interface) of the thylakoid isolate was 44 mN m(-1) and the surface load 13 mg m(-2) at 10 mg protein mL(-1) oil. (lu.se)
CONCLUSION: Thylakoid membranes effectively stabilise oil-in-water emulsions, which should facilitate their incorporation in food with satiety-promoting effects. (lu.se)

I have expertise from gene characterization to protein engineering. (queensu.ca)
Purification and characterization of two protein kinases acting on the aquaporin SoPIP2;1. (lu.se)

We suggest that the generalized toxicity of thionins is due to their ability to generate ion channels in cell membranes, resulting in the dissipation of ion concentration gradients essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. (edu.au)
Cell membranes need to change their shapes during many cellular processeslike protein trafficking, cytokinesis and membrane homeostasis. (kth.se)
We next want to explore these systems in more complex environments which better reflect their cellular situation, especially in the context of the membrane lipid milieu which surround these proteins. (kcl.ac.uk)
Achieving improved structural insight into proteins within these contexts would be a significant step forward in understanding how they shape cellular function when in diseased/healthy states. (kcl.ac.uk)

Since the outer membrane is composed almost entirely of anionic lipopolysaccharide, with similar headgroup properties to POPG, such anionic lipid binding could prevent closure of OmpF channels, thereby increasing access of antibiotics that use porin-mediated pathways. (ox.ac.uk)

While myristate and palmitate preferentially associated with phosphatidylcholine membranes, geranylgeraniol favored nonlamellar-prone membranes. (unisa.it)
Three different preformed lipid membranes of phosphatidylcholine were prepared to compare the folding kinetics of OmpA, namely, proteoliposomes containing either BamA or FomA and pure liposomes. (uni-konstanz.de)
In synaptic plasma membranes, Ch/PL molar ratios from 0.21 to 1.19 were produced from a normal value of 0.52 +/- 0.01 by incubation with the transfer protein and an excess of either phosphatidylcholine or cholesterol/phosphatidylcholine liposomes for 60 min at 32 degrees C. In synaptosomes, Ch/PL ratios from 0.16 to 0.81 were similarly produced from a normal value of 0.38 +/- 0.04. (mcw.edu)
Monolayers composed of pure dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine with fully deuterated hydrocarbon tails and headgroup (DMPC-d67) and 1:1 mixtures of this lipid with chain deuterated dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DMPG-d54) are studied on subphases consisting either of fully deuterated buffer (D 2 O) or of a 9:1 H 2 O/D 2 O buffer that matches the scattering length density of air (CMA buffer). (hw.ac.uk)

IL-1β treatment also increased (within 20 min) the translocation of H-Ras into lipid rafts. (diabetesjournals.org)
Recent evidence indicates that the lipid composition of the host membrane can determine the fate of the newborn membrane protein, as it can affect (1) the efficiency of translocation, (2) the topology of the resulting membrane protein, (3) its stability, (4) its assembly into oligomeric complexes, (5) its transport and sorting along the secretory pathway, and (6) its enzymatic activity. (unifr.ch)

Lipid binding attenuates channel closure of the outer membrane protein OmpF. (ox.ac.uk)
Here, folding was studied for a β-barrel membrane protein, outer membrane protein A (OmpA) from Escherichia coli, in the absence and presence of two other preinserted integral proteins, BamA of the β-barrel assembly machinery complex (BAM) from E. coli and FomA from Fusobacterium nucleatum. (uni-konstanz.de)

Unlike protein localization, identification of critical differences in membrane content has not yet been expanded to lipids, due to the difficulty of isolating domain-specific samples. (nih.gov)

In the present study, we examined potential contributory roles of membrane-associated, cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts/caveolae and their constituent proteins (e.g., caveolin-1 [Cav-1]) as potential sites for IL-1β−induced nitric oxide (NO) release in the isolated β-cell. (diabetesjournals.org)
Hindered diffusion of phospholipids and sphingolipids is abolished in the GPMVs, whereas transient nanodomain incorporation of ganglioside lipid GM1 is apparent in both the live-cell membrane and GPMVs. (ox.ac.uk)
genetic disruptions of lipid regulatory proteins such as cell surface receptors leading to human disease. (mcgill.ca)
However, the distribution pattern of PI(4,5)P 2 and the association with these proteins on the neuronal cell membranes remain elusive. (jneurosci.org)
These clusters show preferential accumulation in specific membrane compartments of different cell types, in particular, in Purkinje cell (PC) spines and granule cell (GC) presynaptic active zones. (jneurosci.org)
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In this study, we established an electron microscopic method to visualize and analyze the quantitative distribution pattern of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P 2 ) on cell membranes using cryo-fixed brain tissues and SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labeling. (jneurosci.org)
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are a subclass of glycolipids that are found in cell membranes of various organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. (springer.com)
It is responsible for binding to new host cells and mediating fusion between the viral membrane, and the target cell membrane. (scienceblogs.com)
The correct levels of these lipids are critical to the stability and function of cell membranes. (medlineplus.gov)
NTE is also thought to play a role in the release of hormones from the pituitary gland, a process that requires particular changes in the cell membrane. (medlineplus.gov)
cell membrane - the thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell, but is inside the cell wall. (enchantedlearning.com)
The cell membrane is semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others. (enchantedlearning.com)
A thick, rigid membrane that surrounds a plant cell. (enchantedlearning.com)
The nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell (by controlling protein synthesis) and contains DNA (in chromosomes). (enchantedlearning.com)
An increase in the proteolytic activity of the erythrocyte membrane is also reported in spur cell anemia. (medscape.com)
The plasma of some patients exhibits decreased activity of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, resulting in increased free cholesterol in the outer layer of the red blood cell membrane as a direct consequence of its increased concentration in the plasma. (medscape.com)

Finally, it is argued that the formation of lipid-protein domains may be enhanced by electrostatic adsorption of proteins, but its origin (e.g., elastic deformations associated with lipid demixing) is not purely electrostatic. (huji.ac.il)
Previous X-ray structural studies at ambient temperature described several different protein domains including a large cavity in each subunit of the dimeric protein. (rcsb.org)
1) We have investigated the structure of the membrane-interacting domains of the fusion proteins of the parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (lu.se)

Membrane protein function and stability has been shown to be dependent on the lipid environment. (ox.ac.uk)
NTE is found most abundantly in the nervous system and is thought to help maintain the stability of membranes surrounding nerve cells ( neurons ). (medlineplus.gov)
Structure and Stability of the Spinach Aquaporin SoPIP2;1 in Detergent Micelles and Lipid Membranes. (lu.se)

The lattershuttles lipids, synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum, to all membranouscompartments. (kth.se)

Thisimplies that BIN1 rather bundles actin than decorates single filaments.Third, we explored a strategy to purify an aggregation prone BAR protein.Aggregation is a property common in Peripheral Membrane Proteins. (kth.se)
Amyloid protein aggregation is associated with over 30 known diseases in humans. (lu.se)
For several of the amyloid disorders, protein aggregation has also been associated with membrane disruption in cells and in model lipid systems. (lu.se)

Cristae membranes are studded on the matrix side with small round protein complexes known as F1 particles, the site of proton-gradient driven ATP synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
Perturbation of contacts and inherent lipid synthesis is emerging as a hallmark to a variety of human disorders such as neurodegeneration. (biorxiv.org)
Small organelles composed of RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis. (enchantedlearning.com)

Structure of the ACh receptor in Torpedo postsynaptic membrane. (iucr.org)
c ) The 5.8 Å density map and superimposed 2.7 Å structure of the Torpedo receptor (PDB entry 6uwz ) obtained from detergent-solubilized protein complexed with α -bungarotoxin. (iucr.org)
Insertion events only occur with one of the membrane models, showing a combination of surface charge and internal membrane structure modulate this process. (elifesciences.org)
Of note, with these extraction procedures, GSLs are categorized by their glycan structure, whereas the lipid tails are not determined (Fahy et al. (springer.com)
Scientists are providing the clearest view yet of an intact bacterial microcompartment, revealing at atomic-level resolution the structure and assembly of the organelle's protein shell. (sciencedaily.com)
Marie Skepö (PI), has in collaboration with Lise Arleth and Kresten Lindorff-Larsen at University of Copenhagen, and Jens Preben Morth at University of Oslo, been awarded 6.8 MNOK for studying the structure of membrane proteins under solution conditions. (lu.se)
To reveal static and dynamic properties of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) to provide a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action and the static as well as dynamic structure-function relationship. (lu.se)
2) For the HIV fusion protein gp41, we have determined the oligomeric structure of the membrane-proximal external region (MPER) and the TMD. (lu.se)
We find that this domain is trimerized in the lipid membrane with a helix-turn-helix conformation, suggesting that this domain stabilizes the trimer structure of gp41 and promotes membrane curvature during the fusion process. (lu.se)

Here we use native mass spectrometry to explore lipid binding as a function of charge of the outer membrane porin F (OmpF). (ox.ac.uk)

Furthermore, lipidomics studies indicate significant changes in distinct lipid species in UBXD8 knockout cells. (biorxiv.org)

MlaA represents a lipid transport protein that selectively removes outer leaflet phospholipids to help maintain the essential barrier function of the bacterial OM. (nature.com)
Photoreceptors rely on distinct membrane compartments to support their specialized function. (nih.gov)
The contents within these organelles determine their specific function, but the overall architecture of the protein membranes of BMCs are fundamentally the same, the authors noted. (sciencedaily.com)

All these features make peptoids highly attractive as synthetic analogues of lipids for self-assembly of membrane-mimetic 2D materials. (nature.com)

In membrane proteins, in contrast to lysozyme, the onsets of sizable H/D exchange rates were the onsets of irreversible denaturing as well. (biomedcentral.com)
We find that the natural protein (DIC-HIS) partially penetrates into the lipid monolayer, in contrast to chain-deficient species (EC-HIS), which forms only an adsorbed layer. (hw.ac.uk)

Furthermore, we revealed extensive association of PI(4,5)P 2 with Ca V 2.1 and GIRK3 across different membrane compartments, whereas its association with mGluR1α was compartment specific. (jneurosci.org)
This method revealed PI(4,5)P 2 clusters preferentially accumulated in specific membrane compartments and its distinct associations with Ca V 2.1, GIRK3, and mGluR1α in the mouse cerebellum. (jneurosci.org)
However, this method has insufficient spatial resolution to observe the nanoscale PIs distribution in small membrane compartments, such as presynaptic active zones (AZs) and postsynaptic densities (PSDs). (jneurosci.org)

In prokaryotes, membrane insertion of the nascent chain takes place at the plasma membrane, whereas in eukaryotes insertion takes place into the endoplasmatic reticulum. (unifr.ch)
The fluidity of the synaptic plasma membrane, as estimated by 1,6-diphenylhexatriene anisotropy measurements, was increased by lowering the Ch/PL ratio and decreased by raising the Ch/PL ratio. (mcw.edu)
Synaptosomal membrane potential and synaptic plasma membrane sodium permeability were not affected by changing the Ch/PL ratio. (mcw.edu)
Purification and Proteomic Analysis of Plant Plasma Membranes. (lu.se)
HvPIP1;6, a Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plasma Membrane Water Channel Particularly Expressed in Growing Compared with Non-Growing Leaf Tissues. (lu.se)

Having the full structural view of the bacterial organelle membrane can help provide important information in fighting pathogens or bioengineering bacterial organelles for beneficial purposes. (sciencedaily.com)
For BMCs, the shell is already made of proteins, so the shell proteins of BMCs not only have a structural role, they are also responsible for selective substrate transfer across the protein membrane. (sciencedaily.com)

In amyloid plaques associated with several amyloidogenic diseases, tightly associated lipids have been identified. (lu.se)

The postsynaptic membrane, apposing the pre-synaptic nerve terminal, is where transmitter-gated ion channels are concentrated. (iucr.org)

At a bulk protein concentration of 1.5 μg/ml, the molar ratio of bound protein to lipid is about 1:45 for the 1:1 lipid mixture but only 1:420 for the pure DMPC. (hw.ac.uk)

Both the decrease in the Ch/PL ratio and the increase in the lipid-to-protein ratio increase membrane "fluidity," lipid-to-protein ratio increase membrane "fluidity," which may modulate the vertical displacement and motional characteristics of the GABA transporter. (mcw.edu)

The postsynaptic membrane, by eliciting this response, plays a critical role in determining the efficacy and speed of synaptic transmission. (iucr.org)

Disruption of lipid rafts (e.g., with cyclodextrin) markedly reduced IL-1β−induced gene expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and NO release from β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)

The cholinergic postsynaptic membrane is an acetyl-choline receptor-rich membrane mediating fast chemical communication at the nerve-muscle synapse. (iucr.org)
2018 ). Here, we will solely focus on the less recognized globosides and in particular the globoside Gb 3 , which is the membrane receptor for vero toxins. (springer.com)

Anatomy31

Organisms6

Chemicals and Drugs46

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes39

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science3

Health Care1

Bilayer18

Molecules13

Interactions21

Bilayers7

Metabolism7

Vesicles8

Biological7

Mitochondrial9

Integral membrane2

Inner membrane11

Nucleic Acids1

Enzymes2

Dynamics18

Composition of the membrane1

Regulate6

Biophysical2

Activity of membrane proteins1

Phospholipid5

Microdomains2

Mechanisms3

Golgi1

Fatty6

Biomembranes1

Interaction3

Abstract1

Eukaryotic2

Structures3

Lamellar membranes2

20232

Intracellular3

Thylakoid6

Characterization2

Cellular4

Anionic1

Phosphatidylcholine4

Translocation2

Outer membrane protein2

Localization1

Cell16

Domains3

Stability3

Endoplasmic reticulum1

Aggregation3

Synthesis3

Structure9

Mass spectrometry1

Lipidomics1

Function3

Analogues1

Contrast2

Compartments3

Plasma5

Structural2

Amyloid1

Channels1

Molar ratio1

Ratio1

Synaptic1

Rafts1

Receptor2