• These data suggest that dietary fat can modify changes in lipid metabolism induced by PCBs in serum and tissues. (nih.gov)
  • The increased prevalence of atherosclerosis may be associated with the ability of PCBs to modulate plasma and tissue lipids, events that can result in compromised lipid metabolism and lipid-dependent cellular signaling pathways. (nih.gov)
  • 1-Oleate-2-palmitate-3-linoleate glycerol improves lipid metabolism and gut microbiota and decreases the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. (cabi.org)
  • Effect of chin brick tea [ Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze] on lipid metabolism and inflammation by modulating intestinal flora and bile acids in mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. (cabi.org)
  • However, the mechanism of lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic by G. . (cabi.org)
  • To study on follicular fluid metabolomics components at different ages based on lipid metabolism, we have adopted a new method of SWATH to MRM( the sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment-ion spectra to multiple reaction monitor)metabolomics to provide extensive coverage and excellent quantitative data. (researchsquare.com)
  • The quality of oocytes decline with age,and the lipid composition in follicular fluid also changes,The lipid metabolism that changes with age may be related to the quality of oocytes.The main differences were in lipid metabolites. (researchsquare.com)
  • Among these metabolites, lipid metabolism undergoes significant changes that affect the development of oocytes thus causing reduced fertility in older women. (researchsquare.com)
  • SKO-001 ameliorates obesity and related metabolic abnormalities in adipose and liver tissues, possibly via the regulation of lipid metabolism. (springer.com)
  • Several mediators are involved in lipid metabolism, including sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), which are important transcription factors involved in the regulation of lipogenic gene mRNA expression. (springer.com)
  • recent advances in instrumentation and techniques present an untapped opportunity to make similar progress in lipid metabolism where the use of stable isotopes has been more limited. (usda.gov)
  • Thereby, regulates the cellular levels of glycerol-3-phosphate a metabolic intermediate of glucose, lipid and energy metabolism. (nih.gov)
  • These lipids belong to a heterogeneous class of predominantly nonpolar compounds, mostly insoluble in water, but soluble in nonpolar organic solvents such as chloroform and benzene. (wikipedia.org)
  • C is glycerol, one of the compounds that make triglyceride (which is a polymer of lipid when glycerol is bound with fatty acids). (proprofs.com)
  • Lipids are a diverse group of organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents like alcohol and ether. (standardofcare.com)
  • The nature and relative proportions of compounds formed by lipid oxidation depend on the characteristic lipid composition of the slaughtered animal, and they also depend on many other factors such as processing methods, storage conditions, types of ingredients, and presence and concentrations of pro- or antioxidants. (scielo.br)
  • Other effects of lipid oxidation include a decrease in nutritive value, colour changes, and sometimes the production of toxic compounds. (nzifst.org.nz)
  • Triglyceride levels are decreased in hyperthyroidism, use of certain lipid-lowering drugs and malabsorption syndrome. (cdc.gov)
  • Glycerol phenylbutyrate (GPB), a liquid triglyceride pro-drug of PBA, containing no sodium and having favorable palatability, is being studied for treatment of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). (nih.gov)
  • Triglyceride lipase hydrolyzes fat to form glycerol, which can combine with starch to form a complex and delay the aging of starch. (selfgrowth.com)
  • In the capillaries of adipose and muscle tissue, apoprotein C-II (apo C-II) on the chylomicron activates endothelial lipoprotein lipase (LPL) to convert 90% of chylomicron triglyceride to fatty acids and glycerol, which are taken up by adipocytes and muscle cells for energy use or storage. (msdmanuals.com)
  • They are soluble in most of the common organic solvents and lipids, but only slightly soluble in water, glycerol, and glycols. (cdc.gov)
  • Glycerol is hygroscopic in nature and is soluble in water owing to its three hydrophilic alcoholic hydroxyl groups. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Lipids are organic molecules that are insoluble in water and soluble in nonpolar solvents. (proprofs.com)
  • Lipids are necessary for the absorption and transportation of fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamins A, D, E, and K. (standardofcare.com)
  • Bacterial membranes form the barrier separating bacteria from their surrounding environment, with membrane lipids being an essential component of this structure. (nature.com)
  • However, beyond Escherichia coli , we now know that a range of lipids are found in bacterial membranes, including phosphorus (P)-containing glycerophospholipids but also P-free lipids that are composed of a diacylglycerol backbone. (nature.com)
  • Why are there so many lipids if one type will suffice to make membranes? (editthis.info)
  • Simple membranes made of lipids may have served as nature's test tubes, providing the enclosed environments necessary for RNA enzymes to develop. (visionlearning.com)
  • Lipids are essential as components of cell membranes and as precursors of signaling molecules. (standardofcare.com)
  • Free glycerol is converted to glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) by glycerol kinase. (cdc.gov)
  • G3P is acted upon by glycerol phosphate oxidase to produce dihydroxyacetone phosphate and hydrogen peroxide. (cdc.gov)
  • 601 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase plsC BBZA01000001 CDS ARMA_0002 604. (go.jp)
  • Glycerol + phosphate + 2 fatty acids + one alcohol. (editthis.info)
  • They consist of a glycerol molecule, two fatty acid molecules, and a phosphate group. (standardofcare.com)
  • The studies emphasize that glycerolipid production occurs across several locations with assembly of lipids in the ER or plastid, fatty acid biosynthesis occurring in the plastid, and the generation of acetyl-CoA and glycerol-3-phosphate taking place in the plastid and cytosol. (usda.gov)
  • From UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase hydrolyzing glycerol-3-phosphate into glycerol. (nih.gov)
  • PCB treatment increased liver neutral lipids and decreased serum fatty acid levels only in mice fed the corn-oil-enriched diet. (nih.gov)
  • The population of two domains of life, Archaea and Bacteria, in marine subsurface was studied by intact polar lipids (IPLs) ( *2 , Fig.2 ) and DNA extracted from a variety of marine subsurface sediment samples, which included the core sediments collected by the deep-sea drilling vessel Chikyu off Japan. (go.jp)
  • It makes up 50-66% of all polar lipids in the plasma membrane. (editthis.info)
  • At the same time, polar lipids have an effect on increasing the volume of baked products. (selfgrowth.com)
  • The composition of the produced lipids was determined to be favorable as a biodiesel feedstock when compared to those of traditional plant oil feedstock. (confex.com)
  • In addition, different liposomal or lipid-complexed products with a common active ingredient may vary from one another in the chemical composition and physical form of the lipid component. (nih.gov)
  • These analyses revealed that the overall lipid composition was significantly changed during moDC maturation, even implying an increase of storage lipids and differences of the relative abundance of membrane lipids upon maturation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Insulin sensitivity expressed as insulin-stimulated change of Δ R d ( A ), carbohydrate oxidation ( B ), and NOGD ( C ) (all parameters expressed as μmol · kg −1 · min −1 ) in trained (black bars) and untrained (white bars) subjects during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with simultaneous infusion of glycerol or lipid. (medscape.com)
  • Lipid oxidation in meats is a process whereby polyunsaturated fatty acid react with reactive oxygen species leading to a series of secondary reactions which in turn lead to degradation of lipids and development of oxidative rancidity. (scielo.br)
  • Therefore, the control and minimization of lipid oxidation in meat and meat products is of great interest to the food industry. (scielo.br)
  • The aim is understanding the lipid oxidation mechanisms responsible for sensory and nutritional quality reduction in meat and meat products and identify the most effective methods to control this process. (scielo.br)
  • Lipid oxidation in meat can be controlled using different strategies, such as animal dietary supplements, addition of antioxidants, processing, and the use of special packaging. (scielo.br)
  • Lipid oxidation is the main process responsible for the quality deterioration of meat and meat products by reducing shelf life ( Min & Ahn, 2005 Min, B., & Ahn, U. (2005). (scielo.br)
  • The first auto-oxidation is followed by a series of secondary reactions, which lead to lipid degradation and the development of oxidative rancidity products ( Min & Ahn, 2005 Min, B., & Ahn, U. (2005). (scielo.br)
  • Lipid oxidation results in the production of off-flavours and odours, which is referred to as oxidative rancidity. (nzifst.org.nz)
  • What characteristic do all lipids have in common? (pearson.com)
  • Steroids are lipids that have a characteristic structure consisting of four fused rings. (standardofcare.com)
  • The most prominent characteristic of obesity is excessive lipid accumulation in the body, resulting from an imbalance between lipogenesis and lipolysis under certain conditions [ 6 ]. (springer.com)
  • Lipid rafts contain certain proteins that seem to have functions regarding cell signaling. (editthis.info)
  • We can make reactions more efficient by putting the correct reagents and enzymes and proteins right next to each other on the lipid surface. (editthis.info)
  • its primary translation product, 22 kd, is processed to an extremely hydrophobic 4-kd protein that is associated with lipids in lamellar bodies. (medscape.com)
  • All lipids are hydrophobic and mostly insoluble in blood, so they require transport within lipoproteins. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Oxidative stress is supposed to increase lipid accumulation by stimulation of hepatic lipogenesis at transcriptional level. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Similarly, SKO-001 reduced lipid accumulation, decreased the mRNA levels of lipogenic genes, and reduced α-smooth muscle actin and collagen type 1 alpha 1 levels in the liver. (springer.com)
  • Abnormal hepatic lipid accumulation promotes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, leading to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis [ 13 ]. (springer.com)
  • Pathway defects in lipoprotein synthesis, processing, and clearance can lead to accumulation of atherogenic lipids in plasma and endothelium. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Limiting the formation of new adipocytes results in ectopic lipid storage that promotes system metabolic dysfunction in mice and man. (nih.gov)
  • The pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis appears to be complex, where lipotoxicity caused by toxic lipid metabolites drives the progression of hepatic fibrosis via activation of hepatic stellate cells [ 14 ]. (springer.com)
  • This study investigated the effect of glutathione depletion on lipid concentrations in plasma and liver, on expression of genes and activities of enzymes involved in lipid synthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Contrary to the originally proposed WHO hand rub formulations, both modified formulations are appropriate for surgical hand preparation after 3 minutes when alcohol concentrations of 80% wt/wt ethanol or 75% wt/wt isopropanol along with reduced glycerol concentration (0.5%) are used. (cdc.gov)
  • By increasing the alcohol concentration by ≈5% and reducing glycerol concentrations to 0.725%, both modified WHO formulations meet the efficacy requirements of EN 12791 when used for 5 minutes ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In this review, the current state of the art in the encapsulation of carotenoids and coenzyme Q10 in lipid nanoparticles to improve their bioavailability, chemical stability, and skin absorption is discussed. (mdpi.com)
  • Lipid-based nanoparticles, or liposomes, have found wide applications in combatting the COVID-19 pandemic. (aiche.org)
  • As enveloped viruses have been shown to fuse with liposomes [2], lipid-based nanoparticles have been suggested as models of enveloped viruses themselves [3, 4]. (aiche.org)
  • We have developed a novel, high-throughput method, DNA-directed patterning [7], to validate lipid-based nanoparticles. (aiche.org)
  • Marine microorganisms employ multiple strategies to cope with transient and persistent nutrient limitation, one of which, for alleviating phosphorus (P) stress, is to substitute membrane glycerophospholipids with non-P containing surrogate lipids. (nature.com)
  • Such a membrane lipid remodelling strategy enables the most abundant marine phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria to adapt successfully to nutrient scarcity in marine surface waters. (nature.com)
  • As lipids constitute the building blocks of the plasma membrane, which, during maturation, need to adapt to the environment for migration and DC-T cell interaction, we performed an unbiased high-throughput lipidomics screening to identify the lipidome of moDCs. (frontiersin.org)
  • Finally, using lipid packing imaging we found that the membrane of mature moDCs revealed a higher fluidity compared to immature moDCs. (frontiersin.org)
  • There are ~1500 different lipids in a single membrane in a single organism. (editthis.info)
  • In this work, Cryptococcus curvatus was tested for the production of lipids from glycerol as feedstock for biodiesel production. (confex.com)
  • Some lipids serve as bioactive mediators regulating various biological effects after binding to specific receptors. (standardofcare.com)
  • Dysregulation of lipid mediators' endogenous levels has been linked to inflammation, atherosclerosis, and various other diseases. (standardofcare.com)
  • Liver lipidomics analysis reveals the anti-obesity and lipid-lowering effects of gypnosides from heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum in high-fat diet fed mice. (cabi.org)
  • Data from both studies indicate oxidative stress as a stimulator of lipid synthesis in liver. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Lipid synthesis was investigated at the transcriptional level by the analysis of the mRNA expression of SREBP-1c, the key transcription factor involved in the stimulation of lipogenesis in the liver [ 18 , 19 ], and of related enzymes involved in lipid synthesis and at the activity level by analysis of lipogenic enzymes FAS and G6PDH. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For cardiovascular risk associations, prospective studies have consistently found that non fasting lipids suffice for general screening of cardiovascular risk. (standardofcare.com)
  • Then, cells of C. curvatus were harvested and transferred to a fresh nitrogen-free medium with glycerol as sole carbon and energy source for lipid production. (confex.com)
  • Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) are not typically found in lipids, making them incorrect choices for this question. (proprofs.com)
  • Biosynthesis of ornithine lipids is carried out either by a two-step process using two acyltransferases encoded by the olsB and olsA genes or by the bifunctional fusion protein OlsF [ 11 ]. (nature.com)
  • Glycerol is also used to aid in casting gradient gels and as a protein stabilizer and storage buffer component. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Genes involved in fatty acid synthesis were reduced only upon PCB treatment in corn-oil-fed mice, whereas lipid transport/export genes were altered in olive-oil-fed mice. (nih.gov)
  • Analysis of the genes involved in glutamine lipid biosynthesis in the Tara ocean metagenome dataset revealed the global occurrence of glsB in marine surface waters and a positive correlation between glsB abundance and N* (a measure of the deviation from the canonical Redfield ratio), suggesting glutamine lipid plays an important role in the adaptation of marine Rhodobacteraceae to P limitation. (nature.com)
  • An important group of non-P lipids, the aminolipids which lack a diacylglycerol backbone, are poorly studied in marine microbes. (nature.com)
  • Unlike the aforementioned lipids, these aminolipids do not contain a diacylglycerol backbone. (nature.com)
  • These are glycerolipids lipids containing a common glycerol backbone to which at least one fatty acyl group is esterified. (hmdb.ca)
  • Most notably, lipid-based nano-formulations encapsulate mRNA in the recently-approved COVID-19 vaccines from Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech [1]. (aiche.org)
  • These efforts will benefit from sophisticated radiolabeling reports that continue to enrich our knowledge on lipid biosynthetic pathways and provide some direction for stable isotope experimental design and extension of MFA to this area. (usda.gov)
  • Our knowledge of bacterial lipids is predominantly derived from studies of model organisms, e.g. (nature.com)
  • Simultaneous tissue profiling of eicosanoid and endocannabinoid lipid families in a rat model of osteoarthritis JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH. (nottingham.edu.my)
  • A simple lipid is a fatty acid ester of different alcohols and carries no other substance. (wikipedia.org)
  • Liposomal encapsulation or incorporation in a lipid complex can substantially affect a drug's functional properties relative to those of the unencapsulated or nonlipid-associated drug. (nih.gov)
  • Fasting lipid profile should be measured at least annually in most adults. (standardofcare.com)
  • The main element of the cardiovascular disease laboratory component in NHANES is blood lipid levels. (cdc.gov)
  • We previously described the synthesis of 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-benzyl-glycero-3-phospho-RVn (V2043), an orally bioavailable lipid prodrug of remdesivir nucleoside (RVn, GS-441524) with broad spectrum antiviral activity against viruses with pandemic potential. (cdc.gov)
  • Glycerol has been demonstrated to serve as a sole carbon and energy source for the production of microbial lipids. (confex.com)
  • The delta of lipid double bond notation stands for double bond, not a certain carbon (Thanks, Neil). (editthis.info)